英語(yǔ)句子成分課件講義

英語(yǔ)句子成分ppt英語(yǔ)句子成分ppt英語(yǔ)句子成分ppt概念：組成句子的各個(gè)部分，即主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)是句子的主體部分。英語(yǔ)句子成分ppt英語(yǔ)句子成分ppt英語(yǔ)句子成分ppt概念：1概念：組成句子的各個(gè)部分，即主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)是句子的主體部分。概念：組成句子的各個(gè)部分，2主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)講述的對(duì)象，表示所說(shuō)的“是什么”或“是誰(shuí)”。一般由名詞、代詞、不定代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的單詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)充當(dāng)，也有從句充當(dāng)?shù)默F(xiàn)象。大多數(shù)主語(yǔ)都在句首。主語(yǔ)3主語(yǔ)（subject）:

句子敘述的主體，一般位于句首Thesunrisesintheeast.

（名詞）

Helikesdancing.

（代詞）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(數(shù)詞)

Seeingisbelieving.

（動(dòng)名詞）

主語(yǔ)（subject）:

句子敘述的主體，一般位于句首Th4講述“誰(shuí)”Weworkinabigfactory.講述“什么”Theclassroomisverybig.數(shù)詞作主語(yǔ)Threeareenough.三個(gè)人就夠了不定式作主語(yǔ)TooperateontheblindisoneoftheORBISDoctor’sjob.從句作主語(yǔ)Whatweneedisfood.我們最需要的是食物.在“Therebe…”句型中，主語(yǔ)的位置在中間。如：Therearesomebottlesofmilkinthebox.講述“誰(shuí)”5在個(gè)別句型中，主語(yǔ)在整個(gè)句子后面，這時(shí)前面用it作形式主語(yǔ)。如：

Itisveryinterestingtoplaythegamecalled“treatortrick”.

Ittooktwoworkersaboutthreemonthstobuildthehouse.在個(gè)別句型中，主語(yǔ)在整個(gè)句子后面，這時(shí)前面用it作形式主語(yǔ)。6Toseeistobelieve.

（不定式）Whatheneedsisabook.

（主語(yǔ)從句）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.

形式主語(yǔ)真正主語(yǔ)It=thattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatreeToseeistobelieve.

（不定式）7Therichshouldhelpthepoor.名詞化的形容詞Therichshouldhelpthepoor.81.Doexerciseisgoodforyourhealth.2.Eattoomuchmeatisbadforyourhealth.V.不能做主語(yǔ)！1.Doexerciseisgoodforyour9指出下列句中主語(yǔ)的中心詞

①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.

介詞不能作主語(yǔ)

②Thereisanoldmancominghere.

Thereisanappleonthetable.Anappleisthereonthetable.指出下列句中主語(yǔ)的中心詞

①Theteacherwit10③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.

④Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.③Theusefuldictionarywasgi11找出下面句子的主語(yǔ)1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou.3.Cleaningthehouseneedsalotoftime.主語(yǔ)小測(cè)找出下面句子的主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)小測(cè)12單選：1.Marywithhertwodaughters_____goingtoShanghaiforExplo2010nextmonth.A.areB.wasC.isD.were2.____moreexercisedoesgoodtoyourhealth.A.DoB.DoesC.DidD.Doing3.____isimpossibletofinishthisjobbeforeWednesday.A.ThatB.ThisC.ItD.They單選：13謂語(yǔ)：說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是什么，做什么或怎么樣。由動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上必須保持一致。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞存在多種時(shí)態(tài)，它是句子的核心。謂語(yǔ)：說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是什么，做什么或怎么樣。14Heisverygenerous.ShelooksverysmartandcoolWehavefinishedthejob.HecanspeakGerman.Heisverygenerous.15謂語(yǔ)（predicate）:是對(duì)主語(yǔ)加以陳述，表示主語(yǔ)的行為或狀態(tài)，常用動(dòng)詞或者動(dòng)詞詞組擔(dān)任，放在主語(yǔ)的后面。Iloveyou!Theywenttosleepverylatelastnight.Hepractisesrunningeverymorning.謂語(yǔ)（predicate）:是對(duì)主語(yǔ)加以陳述，表示主語(yǔ)的行為16Theplanetookoffat10o’clock.Howoftendoyougoshopping?Whydidn’tyoucomebacklastnight?簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)：由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成Theplanetookoffat10o’clo17Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcough.Wearesudents.Thatideasoundsgreat!復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)：1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞\助動(dòng)詞+v2.系動(dòng)詞+adj.Youmaykeepthebookfortwo18Openthedoor,please!Goandgetsomewaterforme.Don’tlaughatothers!Don’tcomebacklatetonight.祈使句：1.省略主語(yǔ)you2.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形Openthedoor,please!19找出下列句子的謂語(yǔ)①Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?⑤Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?找出下列句子的謂語(yǔ)①Idon'tlikethepi20⑥Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.⑩Whomdidyougivemybookto?11.Putawayyourbooksrightnow!⑥Tomdidn'tdohishomeworky21按要求找出下列句子的主謂：1.Treesturngreenwhenspringcomes.（主謂）2.Hebrokeapieceofglass.（謂）3.Don’tgetnervous，andhelpyourselftowhatyoulike．（主謂）4.Luckilythe1989earthquakedidnothappeninthecenteroftown.（主謂）5.Therearemanypeopleinthehall.（主）6.Wouldyoupleasepassmethecup?（主謂）主謂小測(cè)祈使句,省略主語(yǔ)you按要求找出下列句子的主謂：主謂小測(cè)祈使句,省略主語(yǔ)you221.Itisdifficultforme______somuchworkwithinonenight.Canyouhelpme?A.finish B.finishingC.tofinish D.finished2.Johnwithtwoofhisfriends____toplaybasketballeverySundayafternoon.A.goB.wentC.goesD.gone單選：It’sadj.forsbtodosth.做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是……的形式主語(yǔ)真正的主語(yǔ)tofinish1.Itisdifficultforme_____233.__upearly,oryouwillmisstheearlybus.A.GotB.GetC.GettingD.Gets4.________upearlyisgoodforyourhealth.A.GotB.GetC.GettingD.Gets5.Wow!Thecaketastes_______!CanIhaveonemore?A.wellB.deliciouslyC.badD.good祈使句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)感官動(dòng)詞+adj.3.__upearly,oryouwillmis24表語(yǔ)：說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是說(shuō)明或怎么樣，由名詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)、句子等充當(dāng)。它的位置在系動(dòng)詞后面。表語(yǔ)：說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是說(shuō)明或怎么樣，25

形容詞作表語(yǔ)Youlookyoungerthanbefore.

名詞作表語(yǔ)

Myfatherisateacher.副詞作表語(yǔ)Everyoneishere.介詞短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)Theyareatthetheatre.不定式作表語(yǔ)MyjobistoteachthemEnglish.動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)Herjobistrainingthenurses.從句作表語(yǔ)Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometoschoolyesterday.形容詞作表語(yǔ)26賓語(yǔ):表示動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象，由名詞、代詞、不定式、V-ing、從句充當(dāng)，和及物動(dòng)詞一起說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)做什么。它和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一起說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是什么，通常放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后面。有時(shí)，會(huì)有雙賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ):表示動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象，27如：名詞作賓語(yǔ)Heneverforgivesothersfortheirmistakes.代詞做賓語(yǔ)Heoftenhelpsme.不定式作賓語(yǔ)Helikestosleepintheopenair.動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)TheAmericansenjoyedlivinginChina.從句做賓語(yǔ)Ibelievethattheycanfinishtheworkintime.如：28直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面要跟賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)分直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)。直接賓語(yǔ)是及物動(dòng)詞的對(duì)象。但有些動(dòng)詞除了直接賓語(yǔ)外，還需要有一個(gè)間接賓語(yǔ)，間接賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)動(dòng)作是對(duì)誰(shuí)做的，所以只能用名詞或代詞來(lái)充當(dāng)。如：We

brought

them

somefood.主謂間賓直賓間接賓語(yǔ)可以放在直接賓語(yǔ)后面，但必須加to或for。

直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)29賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)在英語(yǔ)的句子中有些句子里只有賓語(yǔ)并不能表達(dá)完整的意思，還必須在賓語(yǔ)后面加上賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)才能表達(dá)完整的意思。我們把“賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”合起來(lái)稱為復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的意思相當(dāng)于一個(gè)巨資的意思。名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞都可以作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ).

賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)30名詞作賓補(bǔ)Ifyouletmego,I’llmakeyouking.形容詞作賓補(bǔ)Don’tmakeyourhandsdirty.副詞作賓補(bǔ)WefoundLiMingoutwhenwearrived.介詞短語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ)Makeyourselfathome.省略to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)Isawagirlgointothebuilding.帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)Theboyorderedthedogtoliedown.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)Thebosskeptthemworkingallday.過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)Yesterdayhegothislegbroken.名詞作賓補(bǔ)31在英語(yǔ)中,常見(jiàn)的“賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)有：“賓語(yǔ)+名詞”。常用于改結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有：call,name,make,find,choose,think,leave等。

WecallhimJack.TheymadeLiLeitheirmonitor.▲“賓語(yǔ)+形容詞”。常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有think,believe,leave,drive,make,keep,turn,wish,want等。如：Doyouthinkhisideawrong?Wemustkeepourclassroomclean.Wecan’tleavehimalone.CanyougeteverythingreadyforthepartybeforeFriday?在英語(yǔ)中,常見(jiàn)的“賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)有：32“賓語(yǔ)+副詞”。副詞作賓補(bǔ)常表示賓語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)，與賓語(yǔ)有邏輯上的主表關(guān)系。常見(jiàn)的副詞有：down,up,here,there,home,in,out,anywhere等。如：

Lethimin/out.Mr.Lidroveushome.Whengotthere,wefoundhimout.▲“賓語(yǔ)+介詞短語(yǔ)”。介詞短語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ)常表示其邏輯主語(yǔ)（即賓語(yǔ)）所處的狀態(tài)，兩者有主表的關(guān)系。如：

Wefoundeverythingingoodorder.Weregardhimasourgoodfriend.Heopenedthedoorandfoundsomeofhisfriendsintherain.“賓語(yǔ)+副詞”。33“賓語(yǔ)+不定式”。充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)的不定式有三種：

A要求帶to的不定式Thecoolwaterofthelakeinvitedustoswim.B要求不帶to的不定式let,make,see,hear,watch等

Thebossmadetheworkerswork12hoursaday.IoftenhearhimreadEnglishinhisroom.C單詞help后可加to或不加toShesometimeshelpshermother(to)dohousework.▲“賓語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞”?，F(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)，此時(shí)在該句型中的賓語(yǔ)即為現(xiàn)在分詞邏輯上的主語(yǔ)，有著主謂關(guān)系。

Isawthemplayingontheplayground.IheardMarysingingintheclassroom.▲“賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞”。賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)和完成。

Ihadmybikestolen.Theteacherexplainedagainandagaintomakehimselfunderstood.“賓語(yǔ)+不定式”。充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)的不定式有三種：34

形式賓語(yǔ)＋形容詞

WefounditimpossibletogettherebeforeSaturday.▲賓語(yǔ)+what從句Callmewhatyoulike.Mr.Lihasmadethefactorywhatitistoday.Themountainvillageisdifferentfromwhatitwastenyearsago.形式賓語(yǔ)＋形容詞35賓語(yǔ)：動(dòng)賓表示行為的對(duì)象，放在及物動(dòng)詞或者介詞之后。IlikeChina.

Hehatesyou.Howmanydoyouneed?WeneedtwoWeshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.

IenjoyworkingwithyouIhopetoseeyouagain.

Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?賓語(yǔ)：動(dòng)賓表示行為的對(duì)象，放在及物動(dòng)詞或者介詞之后。Ili36Heisafraidofher--hisheadteacher.

Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)：介賓注意：人稱代詞要用賓格Idecidedtogowith_______.A.heB.hisC.herD.theyE.sheHeisafraidofher--hisheadt37Hegavemeabookyesterday.

Givethepoormansomemoney.間接賓語(yǔ)(sb)+直接賓語(yǔ)(sth)：

雙賓Hegavemeabookyesterday.

38IthinkithardtofinishthisdifficultjobbeforeSunday.形式賓語(yǔ)真正賓語(yǔ)Ithinkithardtofinishthis39①M(fèi)ybrotherhasn’tdonehishomework.

②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.

③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourjob.

④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?

找出下列句子的賓語(yǔ)①M(fèi)ybrotherhasn’tdonehish405.Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?6.Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.7.Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.8.Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.9.Theythinkitimpossibletogettothestationinsuchashorttime.5.Someofthestudentsinthe41定語(yǔ)：用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞。由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式、從句充當(dāng)。單詞作定語(yǔ)一般放在被修飾詞之前，短語(yǔ)或句子作定語(yǔ)放在被修飾才之后。定語(yǔ)：用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞。由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不42定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞。形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式或相當(dāng)于形容詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等都可以充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)。因?yàn)樗切揎椕~或代詞的，而名詞和代詞可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，所以定語(yǔ)的位置很靈活，凡是有名詞、代詞的地方都可以有定語(yǔ)。

定語(yǔ)43形容詞作定語(yǔ)

Theblackbikeismine.

代詞作定語(yǔ)

What’syourname?名詞作定語(yǔ)Theymadesomepaperflowers.介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)

TheboysintheroomareinClassThree,GradeOne.不定式作短語(yǔ)

Ihavelotstoeatanddrink.從句作定語(yǔ)

ThetallboywhoisstandingthereisPeter.形容詞作定語(yǔ)44

在英語(yǔ)中，并不是所有的定語(yǔ)都放在被修飾詞的前面，有的是放在被修飾詞的后面，故稱“后置定語(yǔ)”。▲修飾不定代詞something,anything,nothing,something,anyone,somebody,anybody,nobody的定語(yǔ)必須后置。如：

We’llgotohavesomethingEnglish.Ifyoudon’tknowtheanswer,asksomeoneelse.Doyouhaveanythingimportanttotellme?▲介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要后置。如：

Doyouknowtheboybehindthetree?

Thestudentsintheroomareallmyfriends.Ithinkthepictureontheleftisbetterthantheoneontheright.在英語(yǔ)中，并不是所有的定語(yǔ)都放在被修飾詞的前面，有的是放在45▲動(dòng)詞的不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要后置Whataboutsomethingtodrink?IhavenotimetotraveltoChinaisinAutumnorinSpring.注動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，to后面的動(dòng)詞必須是及物動(dòng)詞或相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的短語(yǔ)。如果時(shí)短語(yǔ)時(shí)，那么與動(dòng)詞搭配的介詞或副詞是不能少的。

Doyouhaveanypieceofmusictolistento?▲nearby,below,downstairs等個(gè)別方位詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要后置。如：Weareatthetopofthehill.Canyouseethevillagebelow?Thepeopledownstairsarelisteningtoatalknow?Theytooktheboytothehospitalnearbyatonce.▲動(dòng)詞的不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要后置Whataboutsomet46狀語(yǔ)：用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞。一般表示行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、目的、方式、程度等等。通常由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式或句子充當(dāng)。（若在同一句子中出現(xiàn)多個(gè)不同狀語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的4個(gè)的順序?yàn)椋悍绞綘钫Z(yǔ)、目的狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。）狀語(yǔ)：用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞。47狀語(yǔ)

狀語(yǔ)用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞。它表示行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的、方式、程度等，一般由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式，從句或相當(dāng)于副詞的詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)充當(dāng)。狀語(yǔ)一般放在句末，但有時(shí)也可以放在句首、句中。如：

HediditcarefullyTheymissedmeverymuch.

Withouthishelp,wecouldn’tworkitout.

Inordertocatchupwithmyclassmates,Imuststudyhard.

WhenIwasyoung,Icouldswimwell.狀語(yǔ)48※副詞作狀語(yǔ)的位置：①放在句中修飾動(dòng)詞，通常是be動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，助動(dòng)詞和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之間，如usually,often，sometime，seldom，never，also，only，ever，still……②放在句末修飾動(dòng)詞，如verymuch，alot，quickly，fast，high，slowly……③修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)反復(fù)在它們前面，如verygood，soearly……④有的副詞在句子中位置靈活，如already，only，sometime……這些應(yīng)該都是要掌握的，是我們學(xué)校的英語(yǔ)老師總結(jié)的，在英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)書上作為語(yǔ)法精講，我把一些例子刪去了，希望能夠幫到你?！痹~作狀語(yǔ)的位置：49(一).

指出下列句中主語(yǔ)的中心詞

(4分，4分鐘)

①

The

teacher

with

two

of

his

students

is

walking

into

the

classroom.

②

There

is

an

old

man

coming

here.

③

The

useful

dictionary

was

given

by

my

mother

last

year.

④

To

do

today's

homework

without

the

teacher's

help

is

very

difficult.

(一).

指出下列句中主語(yǔ)的中心詞

(4分，4分鐘)

①

50(二).

選出句中謂語(yǔ)的中心詞

(10分，10分鐘)

①

I

don't

like

the

picture

on

the

wall.

A.

don't

B.

like

C.

picture

D.

wall

②

The

days

get

longer

and

longer

when

summer

comes.

A.

get

B.

longer

C.

days

D.

summer

③

Do

you

usually

go

to

school

by

bus?

A.

Do

B.

usually

C.

go

D.

bus

④

There

will

be

a

meeting

at

the

library

this

afternoon.

A.

will

be

B.

meeting

C.

the

library

D.

afternoon

⑤

Did

the

twins

have

porridge

for

their

breakfast?

A.

Did

B.

twins

C.

have

D.

breakfast

⑥

Tom

didn't

do

his

homework

yesterday.

A.

Tom

B.

didn't

C.

do

D.

his

homework

⑦

What

I

want

to

tell

you

is

this.

A.

want

B.

to

tell

C.

you

D.

is

⑧

We

had

better

send

for

a

doctor.

A.

We

B.

had

C.

send

D.

doctor

⑨

He

is

interested

in

music.

A.

is

B.

interested

C.

in

D.

music

⑩

Whom

did

you

give

my

book

to?

A.

give

B.

did

C.

whom

D.

book

(二).

選出句中謂語(yǔ)的中心詞

(10分，10分鐘)

①

51三)

挑出下列句中的賓語(yǔ)（10分，10分鐘）

①

My

brother

hasn't

done

his

homework.

A

B

C

D

②

People

all

over

the

world

speak

English.

A

B

C

D

③

You

must

pay

good

attention

to

your

pronunciation.

A

B

C

D

④

How

many

new

words

did

you

learn

last

class?

A

B

C

D

⑤

Some

of

the

students

in

the

school

want

to

go

swimming,

how

about

you?

A

B

C

D

⑥

The

old

man

sitting

at

the

gate

said

he

was

ill.

A

B

C

D

⑦

They

made

him

monitor

of

the

class.

A

B

C

D

⑧

Go

across

the

bridge

and

you

will

find

the

museum

on

the

left.

A

B

C

D

⑨

You

will

find

it

useful

after

you

leave

school.

A

B

C

D

⑩

They

didn't

know

who

"Father

Christmas"

really

is.

A

B

C

D

三)

挑出下列句中的賓語(yǔ)（10分，10分鐘）

①

My

b52((四)

挑出下列句中的表語(yǔ)

(5分，5分鐘)

①

The

old

man

was

feeling

very

tired.

A

B

C

D

②

Why

is

he

worried

about

Jim?

A

B

C

D

③

The

leaves

have

turned

yellow.

A

B

C

D

④

Soon

They

all

became

interested

in

the

subject.

A

B

C

D

⑤

She

was

the

first

to

learn

about

it.

A

B

C

D

((四)

挑出下列句中的表語(yǔ)

(5分，5分鐘)

①

Th53(五)

挑出下列句中的定語(yǔ)

(6分，6分鐘)

①

They

use

Mr.

Mrs.

with

the

family

name.

A

B

C

D

②

What

is

your

given

name?

A

B

C

D

③

On

the

third

lap

are

Class

1

and

Class

3.

A

B

C

D

④

I

am

afraid

some

people

forgot

to

sweep

the

floor.

A

B

C

D

⑤

The

man

downstairs

was

trying

to

sleep.

A

B

C

D

⑥

I

am

waiting

for

the

sound

of

the

other

shoe!

A

B

C

D

(五)

挑出下列句中的定語(yǔ)

(6分，6分鐘)

①

They54(六)

挑出下列句中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

(6分，6分鐘)

①

She

likes

the

children

to

read

newspapers

and

books

in

the

reading-room.

A

B

C

D

②

He

asked

her

to

take

the

boy

out

of

school.

A

B

C

D

③

She

found

it

difficult

to

do

the

work.

A

B

C

D

④

They

call

me

Lily

sometimes.

A

B

C

D

⑤

I

saw

Mr.

Wang

get

on

the

bus.

A

B

C

D

⑥

Did

you

see

Li

Ming

playing

football

on

the

playground

just

now?

A

B

C

D

(六)

挑出下列句中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

(6分，6分鐘)

①

S55(七)

挑出下列句中的狀語(yǔ)（8分，

8分鐘）

①

There

was

a

big

smile

on

her

face.

A

B

C

D

②

Every

night

he

heard

the

noise

upstairs.

A

B

C

D

③

He

began

to

learn

English

when

he

was

eleven.

A

B

C

D

④

The

man

on

the

motorbike

was

travelling

to

fast.

A

B

C

D

⑤

With

the

medicine

box

under

her

arm,

Miss

Li

hurried

off.

A

B

C

D

⑥

She

loves

the

library

because

she

loves

books.

A

B

C

D

⑦

I

am

afraid

that

if

you've

lost

it,

you

must

pay

for

it.

A

B

C

D

⑧

The

students

followed

Uncle

Wang

to

see

the

other

machine.

A

B

C

D

(七)

挑出下列句中的狀語(yǔ)（8分，

8分鐘）

①

Ther56(八)

劃出句中的直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)

(5分，5分鐘)

①

Please

tell

us

a

story.

②

My

father

bought

a

new

bike

for

me

last

week.

③

Mr.

Li

is

going

to

teach

us

history

next

term.

④

Here

is

a

pen.

Give

it

to

Tom.

⑤

Did

he

leave

any

message

for

me?

(八)

劃出句中的直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)

(5分，5分鐘)

①57人有了知識(shí)，就會(huì)具備各種分析能力，明辨是非的能力。所以我們要勤懇讀書，廣泛閱讀，古人說(shuō)“書中自有黃金屋?！蓖ㄟ^(guò)閱讀科技書籍，我們能豐富知識(shí)，培養(yǎng)邏輯思維能力；通過(guò)閱讀文學(xué)作品，我們能提高文學(xué)鑒賞水平，培養(yǎng)文學(xué)情趣；通過(guò)閱讀報(bào)刊，我們能增長(zhǎng)見(jiàn)識(shí)，擴(kuò)大自己的知識(shí)面。有許多書籍還能培養(yǎng)我們的道德情操，給我們巨大的精神力量，鼓舞我們前進(jìn)。人有了知識(shí)，就會(huì)具備各種分析能力，58英語(yǔ)句子成分ppt英語(yǔ)句子成分ppt英語(yǔ)句子成分ppt概念：組成句子的各個(gè)部分，即主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)是句子的主體部分。英語(yǔ)句子成分ppt英語(yǔ)句子成分ppt英語(yǔ)句子成分ppt概念：59概念：組成句子的各個(gè)部分，即主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)是句子的主體部分。概念：組成句子的各個(gè)部分，60主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)講述的對(duì)象，表示所說(shuō)的“是什么”或“是誰(shuí)”。一般由名詞、代詞、不定代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的單詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)充當(dāng)，也有從句充當(dāng)?shù)默F(xiàn)象。大多數(shù)主語(yǔ)都在句首。主語(yǔ)61主語(yǔ)（subject）:

句子敘述的主體，一般位于句首Thesunrisesintheeast.

（名詞）

Helikesdancing.

（代詞）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(數(shù)詞)

Seeingisbelieving.

（動(dòng)名詞）

主語(yǔ)（subject）:

句子敘述的主體，一般位于句首Th62講述“誰(shuí)”Weworkinabigfactory.講述“什么”Theclassroomisverybig.數(shù)詞作主語(yǔ)Threeareenough.三個(gè)人就夠了不定式作主語(yǔ)TooperateontheblindisoneoftheORBISDoctor’sjob.從句作主語(yǔ)Whatweneedisfood.我們最需要的是食物.在“Therebe…”句型中，主語(yǔ)的位置在中間。如：Therearesomebottlesofmilkinthebox.講述“誰(shuí)”63在個(gè)別句型中，主語(yǔ)在整個(gè)句子后面，這時(shí)前面用it作形式主語(yǔ)。如：

Itisveryinterestingtoplaythegamecalled“treatortrick”.

Ittooktwoworkersaboutthreemonthstobuildthehouse.在個(gè)別句型中，主語(yǔ)在整個(gè)句子后面，這時(shí)前面用it作形式主語(yǔ)。64Toseeistobelieve.

（不定式）Whatheneedsisabook.

（主語(yǔ)從句）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.

形式主語(yǔ)真正主語(yǔ)It=thattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatreeToseeistobelieve.

（不定式）65Therichshouldhelpthepoor.名詞化的形容詞Therichshouldhelpthepoor.661.Doexerciseisgoodforyourhealth.2.Eattoomuchmeatisbadforyourhealth.V.不能做主語(yǔ)！1.Doexerciseisgoodforyour67指出下列句中主語(yǔ)的中心詞

①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.

介詞不能作主語(yǔ)

②Thereisanoldmancominghere.

Thereisanappleonthetable.Anappleisthereonthetable.指出下列句中主語(yǔ)的中心詞

①Theteacherwit68③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.

④Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.③Theusefuldictionarywasgi69找出下面句子的主語(yǔ)1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou.3.Cleaningthehouseneedsalotoftime.主語(yǔ)小測(cè)找出下面句子的主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)小測(cè)70單選：1.Marywithhertwodaughters_____goingtoShanghaiforExplo2010nextmonth.A.areB.wasC.isD.were2.____moreexercisedoesgoodtoyourhealth.A.DoB.DoesC.DidD.Doing3.____isimpossibletofinishthisjobbeforeWednesday.A.ThatB.ThisC.ItD.They單選：71謂語(yǔ)：說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是什么，做什么或怎么樣。由動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上必須保持一致。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞存在多種時(shí)態(tài)，它是句子的核心。謂語(yǔ)：說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是什么，做什么或怎么樣。72Heisverygenerous.ShelooksverysmartandcoolWehavefinishedthejob.HecanspeakGerman.Heisverygenerous.73謂語(yǔ)（predicate）:是對(duì)主語(yǔ)加以陳述，表示主語(yǔ)的行為或狀態(tài)，常用動(dòng)詞或者動(dòng)詞詞組擔(dān)任，放在主語(yǔ)的后面。Iloveyou!Theywenttosleepverylatelastnight.Hepractisesrunningeverymorning.謂語(yǔ)（predicate）:是對(duì)主語(yǔ)加以陳述，表示主語(yǔ)的行為74Theplanetookoffat10o’clock.Howoftendoyougoshopping?Whydidn’tyoucomebacklastnight?簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)：由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成Theplanetookoffat10o’clo75Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcough.Wearesudents.Thatideasoundsgreat!復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)：1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞\助動(dòng)詞+v2.系動(dòng)詞+adj.Youmaykeepthebookfortwo76Openthedoor,please!Goandgetsomewaterforme.Don’tlaughatothers!Don’tcomebacklatetonight.祈使句：1.省略主語(yǔ)you2.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形Openthedoor,please!77找出下列句子的謂語(yǔ)①Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?⑤Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?找出下列句子的謂語(yǔ)①Idon'tlikethepi78⑥Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.⑩Whomdidyougivemybookto?11.Putawayyourbooksrightnow!⑥Tomdidn'tdohishomeworky79按要求找出下列句子的主謂：1.Treesturngreenwhenspringcomes.（主謂）2.Hebrokeapieceofglass.（謂）3.Don’tgetnervous，andhelpyourselftowhatyoulike．（主謂）4.Luckilythe1989earthquakedidnothappeninthecenteroftown.（主謂）5.Therearemanypeopleinthehall.（主）6.Wouldyoupleasepassmethecup?（主謂）主謂小測(cè)祈使句,省略主語(yǔ)you按要求找出下列句子的主謂：主謂小測(cè)祈使句,省略主語(yǔ)you801.Itisdifficultforme______somuchworkwithinonenight.Canyouhelpme?A.finish B.finishingC.tofinish D.finished2.Johnwithtwoofhisfriends____toplaybasketballeverySundayafternoon.A.goB.wentC.goesD.gone單選：It’sadj.forsbtodosth.做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是……的形式主語(yǔ)真正的主語(yǔ)tofinish1.Itisdifficultforme_____813.__upearly,oryouwillmisstheearlybus.A.GotB.GetC.GettingD.Gets4.________upearlyisgoodforyourhealth.A.GotB.GetC.GettingD.Gets5.Wow!Thecaketastes_______!CanIhaveonemore?A.wellB.deliciouslyC.badD.good祈使句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)感官動(dòng)詞+adj.3.__upearly,oryouwillmis82表語(yǔ)：說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是說(shuō)明或怎么樣，由名詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)、句子等充當(dāng)。它的位置在系動(dòng)詞后面。表語(yǔ)：說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是說(shuō)明或怎么樣，83

形容詞作表語(yǔ)Youlookyoungerthanbefore.

名詞作表語(yǔ)

Myfatherisateacher.副詞作表語(yǔ)Everyoneishere.介詞短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)Theyareatthetheatre.不定式作表語(yǔ)MyjobistoteachthemEnglish.動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)Herjobistrainingthenurses.從句作表語(yǔ)Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometoschoolyesterday.形容詞作表語(yǔ)84賓語(yǔ):表示動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象，由名詞、代詞、不定式、V-ing、從句充當(dāng)，和及物動(dòng)詞一起說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)做什么。它和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一起說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是什么，通常放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后面。有時(shí)，會(huì)有雙賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ):表示動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象，85如：名詞作賓語(yǔ)Heneverforgivesothersfortheirmistakes.代詞做賓語(yǔ)Heoftenhelpsme.不定式作賓語(yǔ)Helikestosleepintheopenair.動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)TheAmericansenjoyedlivinginChina.從句做賓語(yǔ)Ibelievethattheycanfinishtheworkintime.如：86直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面要跟賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)分直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)。直接賓語(yǔ)是及物動(dòng)詞的對(duì)象。但有些動(dòng)詞除了直接賓語(yǔ)外，還需要有一個(gè)間接賓語(yǔ)，間接賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)動(dòng)作是對(duì)誰(shuí)做的，所以只能用名詞或代詞來(lái)充當(dāng)。如：We

brought

them

somefood.主謂間賓直賓間接賓語(yǔ)可以放在直接賓語(yǔ)后面，但必須加to或for。

直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)87賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)在英語(yǔ)的句子中有些句子里只有賓語(yǔ)并不能表達(dá)完整的意思，還必須在賓語(yǔ)后面加上賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)才能表達(dá)完整的意思。我們把“賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”合起來(lái)稱為復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的意思相當(dāng)于一個(gè)巨資的意思。名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞都可以作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ).

賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)88名詞作賓補(bǔ)Ifyouletmego,I’llmakeyouking.形容詞作賓補(bǔ)Don’tmakeyourhandsdirty.副詞作賓補(bǔ)WefoundLiMingoutwhenwearrived.介詞短語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ)Makeyourselfathome.省略to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)Isawagirlgointothebuilding.帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)Theboyorderedthedogtoliedown.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)Thebosskeptthemworkingallday.過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)Yesterdayhegothislegbroken.名詞作賓補(bǔ)89在英語(yǔ)中,常見(jiàn)的“賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)有：“賓語(yǔ)+名詞”。常用于改結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有：call,name,make,find,choose,think,leave等。

WecallhimJack.TheymadeLiLeitheirmonitor.▲“賓語(yǔ)+形容詞”。常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有think,believe,leave,drive,make,keep,turn,wish,want等。如：Doyouthinkhisideawrong?Wemustkeepourclassroomclean.Wecan’tleavehimalone.CanyougeteverythingreadyforthepartybeforeFriday?在英語(yǔ)中,常見(jiàn)的“賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)有：90“賓語(yǔ)+副詞”。副詞作賓補(bǔ)常表示賓語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)，與賓語(yǔ)有邏輯上的主表關(guān)系。常見(jiàn)的副詞有：down,up,here,there,home,in,out,anywhere等。如：

Lethimin/out.Mr.Lidroveushome.Whengotthere,wefoundhimout.▲“賓語(yǔ)+介詞短語(yǔ)”。介詞短語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ)常表示其邏輯主語(yǔ)（即賓語(yǔ)）所處的狀態(tài)，兩者有主表的關(guān)系。如：

Wefoundeverythingingoodorder.Weregardhimasourgoodfriend.Heopenedthedoorandfoundsomeofhisfriendsintherain.“賓語(yǔ)+副詞”。91“賓語(yǔ)+不定式”。充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)的不定式有三種：

A要求帶to的不定式Thecoolwaterofthelakeinvitedustoswim.B要求不帶to的不定式let,make,see,hear,watch等

Thebossmadetheworkerswork12hoursaday.IoftenhearhimreadEnglishinhisroom.C單詞help后可加to或不加toShesometimeshelpshermother(to)dohousework.▲“賓語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞”?，F(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)，此時(shí)在該句型中的賓語(yǔ)即為現(xiàn)在分詞邏輯上的主語(yǔ)，有著主謂關(guān)系。

Isawthemplayingontheplayground.IheardMarysingingintheclassroom.▲“賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞”。賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)和完成。

Ihadmybikestolen.Theteacherexplainedagainandagaintomakehimselfunderstood.“賓語(yǔ)+不定式”。充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)的不定式有三種：92

形式賓語(yǔ)＋形容詞

WefounditimpossibletogettherebeforeSaturday.▲賓語(yǔ)+what從句Callmewhatyoulike.Mr.Lihasmadethefactorywhatitistoday.Themountainvillageisdifferentfromwhatitwastenyearsago.形式賓語(yǔ)＋形容詞93賓語(yǔ)：動(dòng)賓表示行為的對(duì)象，放在及物動(dòng)詞或者介詞之后。IlikeChina.

Hehatesyou.Howmanydoyouneed?WeneedtwoWeshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.

IenjoyworkingwithyouIhopetoseeyouagain.

Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?賓語(yǔ)：動(dòng)賓表示行為的對(duì)象，放在及物動(dòng)詞或者介詞之后。Ili94Heisafraidofher--hisheadteacher.

Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)：介賓注意：人稱代詞要用賓格Idecidedtogowith_______.A.heB.hisC.herD.theyE.sheHeisafraidofher--hisheadt95Hegavemeabookyesterday.

Givethepoormansomemoney.間接賓語(yǔ)(sb)+直接賓語(yǔ)(sth)：

雙賓Hegavemeabookyesterday.

96IthinkithardtofinishthisdifficultjobbeforeSunday.形式賓語(yǔ)真正賓語(yǔ)Ithinkithardtofinishthis97①M(fèi)ybrotherhasn’tdonehishomework.

②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.

③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourjob.

④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?

找出下列句子的賓語(yǔ)①M(fèi)ybrotherhasn’tdonehish985.Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?6.Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.7.Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.8.Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.9.Theythinkitimpossibletogettothestationinsuchashorttime.5.Someofthestudentsinthe99定語(yǔ)：用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞。由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式、從句充當(dāng)。單詞作定語(yǔ)一般放在被修飾詞之前，短語(yǔ)或句子作定語(yǔ)放在被修飾才之后。定語(yǔ)：用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞。由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不100定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞。形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式或相當(dāng)于形容詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等都可以充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)。因?yàn)樗切揎椕~或代詞的，而名詞和代詞可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，所以定語(yǔ)的位置很靈活，凡是有名詞、代詞的地方都可以有定語(yǔ)。

定語(yǔ)101形容詞作定語(yǔ)

Theblackbikeismine.

代詞作定語(yǔ)

What’syourname?名詞作定語(yǔ)Theymadesomepaperflowers.介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)

TheboysintheroomareinClassThree,GradeOne.不定式作短語(yǔ)

Ihavelotstoeatanddrink.從句作定語(yǔ)

ThetallboywhoisstandingthereisPeter.形容詞作定語(yǔ)102

在英語(yǔ)中，并不是所有的定語(yǔ)都放在被修飾詞的前面，有的是放在被修飾詞的后面，故稱“后置定語(yǔ)”?！揎棽欢ù~something,anything,nothing,something,anyone,somebody,anybody,nobody的定語(yǔ)必須后置。如：

We’llgotohavesomethingEnglish