01 記敘類語篇的特征及攻略-備戰(zhàn)2023年中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法知識+語篇能力雙清(通用版)

備戰(zhàn)2023年中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法知識+語篇能力雙清(通用版)記敘類語篇的特征及解答攻略考點復(fù)習(xí)考點復(fù)習(xí)1記敘文是以敘述為主要表達(dá)方式，以寫人物的經(jīng)歷和事物發(fā)展變化為主要內(nèi)容的一種文體。記敘文是用來描述事物的文章.時間,人物,地點,起因,經(jīng)過,結(jié)果是記敘文的6要素。記敘文寫作，是把自己的親身感受和經(jīng)歷，通過生動、形象的語言，描述給讀者。記敘文包括的范圍很廣，如記人記事：日記、游記、傳說、新聞、通訊、小說等，都屬于記敘文的范疇。記敘文寫的是生活中的見聞，要表達(dá)出作者對于生活的真切感受。總的說，以記敘和描寫為主要表達(dá)方式的文章叫記敘文。但記敘文寫作,伴隨自然流露的適當(dāng)議論和抒情。記敘文有廣義與狹義之分。廣義的記敘文，包括記敘性的文學(xué)作品，如散文、小說等。狹義的記敘文是指以記人、敘事、寫景、狀物為主，對社會生活中的人、事、景、物的情態(tài)變化和發(fā)展進(jìn)行敘述和描寫的一類文章，常見的如消息、通訊、特寫、報告文學(xué)、游記、日記、參觀記、回憶錄，以及一部分書信等。正因為記敘文寫的是生活中的見聞，所以一定要表達(dá)出作者對于生活的真切感受。記敘文的特點就是以記敘為主要表達(dá)方式，綜合其他表達(dá)方式；以寫人、敘事、寫景、狀物為主要內(nèi)容；通過描述人物、時間及狀物、寫景來表達(dá)一定的中心。寫作記敘文要做到一下幾點：第一，要交代明白。無論記人記事，還是寫景狀物，一般都要交代明白時間、地點、人物、事件、原因、結(jié)果，否則文章就不完整。第二，線索清楚。雖然觀察的角度、記述的方式可以不同，但每一篇文章都應(yīng)當(dāng)有一條關(guān)聯(lián)材料、統(tǒng)貫全篇的中心線索，否則文章就會松散。第三，人稱要一致。無論用第一人稱“我”記述，還是用第三人稱“他”記述，都要通篇一貫，一般不宜隨意轉(zhuǎn)換，否則就容易造成混亂。第四，時間，地點，人物，起因，經(jīng)過，結(jié)果。一、記敘文的分類側(cè)重寫人的記敘文，以人物的外貌、語言、動作、心理描寫為主。側(cè)重記事的記敘文，以敘述事情的發(fā)生、發(fā)展、經(jīng)過和結(jié)果為重點。側(cè)重繪景的記敘文，以描繪景物、寄托情懷為主。側(cè)重狀物的記敘文，以狀物為主，借象征抒懷。二、記敘文的特征記敘文是記人敘事的文章，它主要是用于說明事件的時間、背景、起因、過程及結(jié)果，即我們通常所說的五個"W"(what,who,when,where,why)和一個"H"(how)。記敘文的重點在于"述說"和"描寫"，因此一篇好的記敘文要敘述條理清楚，描寫生動形象。1.敘述的人稱英語的記敘文一般是以第一或第三人稱的角度來敘述的。用第一稱表示的是由敘述者親眼所見、親耳所聞的經(jīng)歷。它的優(yōu)點在于能把故事的情節(jié)通過"我"來傳達(dá)給讀者，使人讀后感到真實可信，如身臨其境。如：Theotherday,Iwasdrivingalongthestreet.Suddenly,acarlostitscontrolandrandirectlytowardsmefast.IwassofrightenedthatIquicklyturnedtotheleftside.Butitwastoolate.ThecarhitmybikeandIfelloffit.用第三人稱敘述，優(yōu)點在于敘述者不受"我"活動范圍以內(nèi)的人和事物的限制，而是通過作者與讀者之外的第三者，直接把故事中的情節(jié)展現(xiàn)在讀者面前，文章的客觀性很強(qiáng)。如：LittleTomwasgoingtoschoolwithanumbrella,foritwasraininghard.Ontheway,hesawanoldwomanwalkingintherainwithnothingtocover.Tomwentuptotheoldwomanandwantedtosharetheumbrellawithher,buthewastooshort.Whatcouldhedo?Thenhehadagoodidea.2.動詞的時態(tài)在記敘文中，記和敘都離不開動詞。所以動詞出現(xiàn)率最高，且富于變化。記敘文中用得最多的是動詞的過去的，這是英語記敘文區(qū)別于漢語記敘文的關(guān)鍵之處。英語寫作的優(yōu)美之處就在于這些動詞時態(tài)的變化，正是這一點才使得所記、所敘有鮮活的動態(tài)感、鮮明的層次感和立體感。3.敘述的順序記敘一件事要有一定的順序。無論是順敘、倒敘、插敘還是補(bǔ)敘，都要讓讀者能弄清事情的來龍去脈。順敘最容易操作，較容易給讀者提供有關(guān)事情的空間和時間線索。但這種方法也容易使文章顯得平鋪直敘，讀起來平淡乏味。倒敘、插敘、補(bǔ)敘等敘述方法能有效地提高文章的結(jié)構(gòu)效果，讓所敘之事跌宕起伏，使讀者在閱讀時思維產(chǎn)生較大的跳躍，從而為文章所吸引，深入其中。但這些方法如果使用不當(dāng)，則容易弄巧成拙，使文章結(jié)構(gòu)散亂，頭緒不清，讓讀者不知所云。4.敘述的過渡過渡在上下文中起著承上啟下、融會貫通的作用。過渡往往用在地點轉(zhuǎn)移或時間、事件轉(zhuǎn)換以及由概括說明到具體敘述時。如：Inmysummerholidays,Ididalotofthings.Apartformdoingmyhomework,readinganEnglishnovel,watchingTVanddoingsomehousework,IwentonatriptoQingdao.Itisreallyabeautifulcity.Therearemanyplacesofinteresttosee.Butwhatimpressedmemostwasthesunrise.ThenextmorningIgotupearly.Iwasveryhappybecauseitwasafineday.BythetimeIgottothebeach,thecloudsonthehorizonwereturningred.Inalittlewhile,asmallpartofthesunwasgraduallyappearing.Thesunwasveryred,notshining.Itroseslowly.Atlastitbrokethroughtheredcloudsandjumpedabovethesea,justlikeadeep-redball.Atthesametimethecloudsandtheseawaterbecameredandbright.Whatamovingandunforgettablescene!5.敘述與對話引用故事情節(jié)中主要人物的對話是記敘文提高表現(xiàn)力的一種好方法。適當(dāng)?shù)赜弥苯右Z代替間接的主觀敘述，可以客觀生動地反映人物的性格、品質(zhì)和心理狀態(tài)，使記敘生動、有趣，使文章內(nèi)容更加充實、具體。試比較下面兩段的敘述效果：Iwasinthekitchen,andIwascookingsomething.SuddenlyIheardaloudnoisefromthefront.Ithoughtmaybesomeonewasknockingthedoor.IaskedwhoitwasbutIheardnoreply.AfterawhileIsawmycatrunningacrosstheparlor.Irealizeditwasthecat.Ifeltreleased.這本來應(yīng)是一段故事性很強(qiáng)的文字，但經(jīng)作者這么一寫，就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是敘述模式，沒有人物語言，把"懸念"給沖淡了?？勺魅缦抡{(diào)整：Iwasinthekitchencookingsomething."Crash!"aloudnoisecamefromthefront.Thinkingsomeonewasknockingatthedoor,Iasked,"Who?"Noreply.Afterawhile,Isawmycatrunningacrosstheparlor."Itsyou."Isaid,quitereleased.三、記敘文的命題特點（以閱讀理解為例）從命題形式上看，常見的有細(xì)節(jié)理解、詞義猜測、主旨大意、推理判斷、作者意圖等題型。除了推論或詞義辨識題，記敘文命題的順序一般都會按照文章的脈絡(luò)和故事發(fā)展的順序?qū)訉油七M(jìn)，否則就會覺得別扭，邏輯不通。同時，記敘文需要事件的發(fā)展過程作支撐，一半以上的題目都會用來檢測考生對故事的了解，因此，我們必須弄明白整件事情的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。而其余像主旨大意、作者意圖之類的題目，則取決于文章的落句，集中考查對作者所發(fā)的感觸的理解?？傊?，細(xì)節(jié)題是記敘文命題的主流題型。而寓意之類的題則是高一層次的題，有一定的難度和區(qū)分度，它們是拉開距離的題，答對了這些題，你才有可能成功地躋身高分之列。綜上所述，記敘文的應(yīng)對策略即：不漏細(xì)節(jié)，奠定基礎(chǔ)；把準(zhǔn)寓意，方能成功。記敘文常見的命題類型如下：1.主旨大意題文章主旨給出的四種形式:文首,文中,文尾,沒有明確主旨,需總結(jié)。雖然作者表達(dá)主題思想的方式不同，但命題常用的提問方式有以下幾種：

What’sthemainidea/subject/topicofthepassage?

Themainideaofthepassageis…Thepassageismainlyabout_____.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?

Thebesttitleforthepassageis/mightbe____.

Theauthor’smainpurposeofwritingthispassageis____.

做題要領(lǐng)：文章主旨通常會出現(xiàn)在文首,文中或文尾，因此尋找主題句或主題段往往是做好此類題的鍵。但當(dāng)文中沒有直接出現(xiàn)主題句，應(yīng)對文章意思全面理解后歸納概括主旨，但不能太籠統(tǒng)即不切主題,言過其實或以偏概全。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題這類題目是針對文章的具體事實和細(xì)節(jié)而出,因此通常能在文章中直接或間接地找到答案.此類要求查找重要事實和細(xì)節(jié)的試題通常以下列形式提出：

Whichofthefollowingstatementsis(not)trueaccordingtothepassage?

Whichofthefollowingis(not)discussed/Mentionedinthepassage?Accordingtothepassage,what/where/Which/who/why/when/how…?

Allofthefollowingare(not)true/mentioned/discussedexcept_________.

Howdoestheauthor/writerfeelabout___?3.詞義／語義判斷題這類考題常見的提問方式有以下幾種：Accordingtotheauthor,theunderlinedword”…”means____.

Fromthepassage,wecaninferthattheword”…”is___.“…”canbebestreplacedby___.Whatdoestheauthorprobablymeanby”…”?

By”…”,theauthormeansthat___

做此類題時，應(yīng)在文中找線索或信息詞。根據(jù)上下文判斷新詞匯在特定句中確切意思。根據(jù)周圍熟悉的詞及語義判斷新單詞之意，有時還需依靠構(gòu)詞法。4.推斷題以原文內(nèi)容為前提,透過現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)即透過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思。根據(jù)作者的觀點理論客觀地對文中未明顯說明的現(xiàn)象或事例給予合理的邏輯推斷，做出一定解釋。

推斷題的常見形式：

Itcanbeinferred/concludedfromthetextthat____.

Fromthetextweknowthat______.

Thepassageimpliesthat______.

Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablydiscusses______.

解推斷題的方法：解推斷題最主要的方法是根據(jù)語義關(guān)系推斷具體細(xì)節(jié)。5.觀點態(tài)度題回答這類問題應(yīng)從篇章的體裁入手.一般來說,在說明文中作者的態(tài)度是客觀的或中立的;在議論文中,作者的態(tài)度才會顯得多種多樣.可以根據(jù)闡述主題或有關(guān)主題的相關(guān)語句或詞語確定作者的態(tài)度。

常見的態(tài)度詞語有:positive/support/approval(贊同的/optimisticcritical/negative/tolerant/disappointed/pessimistic(悲觀的)/indifferent(冷淡的)/doubtfulNeutral(中立的）/objective(客觀的）這類考題常見的提問方式有以下幾種:What’stheauthor’s/writer’sattitudeto…?

Theauthorthinks/suggests/believesthat___.Howdoestheauthorfeelabout…?Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthoragree/disagreewith?

Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’sattitudetowards…?四、記敘文的解題技巧記敘文講述的是發(fā)生在當(dāng)前或過去或?qū)硎虑榈慕?jīng)過。簡而言之，記敘文就是講故事，包括人物或故事情節(jié)。常見的記敘文根據(jù)其用途可分為文學(xué)記敘文和說明記敘文：文學(xué)記敘文以虛構(gòu)為主，如趣聞逸事、傳說、寓言、傳奇故事、短篇小說、科幻小說等；說明記敘文以事實為依據(jù)，包括歷史、傳記、新聞報道、日記等。無論哪一種記敘文作者都要交代何人何時何地為什么、怎么樣、干了何事等等，這也就是我們常說的“5Wsand1H”。這是我們在閱讀記敘文時要首先了解的，接著按照線索弄清事情的來龍去脈，就能理解整個故事。特別值得注意的是：記敘文的敘事順序有順敘和倒敘兩種，有時候作者為了吸引讀者會采用倒敘的方法，即不按照事情發(fā)展的先后順序來敘述，而是從最重要、最能引人入勝的事件開始，然后再回過頭來追敘故事的開端和經(jīng)過。閱讀時要學(xué)會從事情本身的發(fā)展去理解故事情節(jié)而不要只看事件在文中出現(xiàn)的先后位置。另外，講故事必定有其目的：或證明某一理論，或闡明某一概念，或贊美某種美德，或譴責(zé)某種罪惡等等。我們在閱讀時要通過作者的重要細(xì)節(jié)描寫聯(lián)系故事情節(jié)去領(lǐng)會作者的意圖，對作者重墨潑就的細(xì)節(jié)描寫要重點關(guān)注。概括起來一句話：讀記敘文的關(guān)鍵是抓情節(jié)。抓住了故事情節(jié)，就理解了文章的脈絡(luò)，其他的就迎刃而解了。要解答好記敘文閱讀理解題，就應(yīng)該有一套針對性強(qiáng)的方法和技巧。下面是我們在閱讀教學(xué)中積累下來的一點心得體會，希望能對大家有所幫助。1.關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)記敘文中有大量的事件發(fā)展過程中的細(xì)節(jié)，包括記敘文的5W（what,who,when,where,why）要素。因此我們作答細(xì)節(jié)題的時候，就沒有那么復(fù)雜，一般只需要由前到后，從上到下，一題一題地做就可以了。2.注重聯(lián)系在做題過程中，我們大都不能在文中找到與題干一字不差的詞語或句子。這時我們需要認(rèn)真研究問題，抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞語，然后到文中準(zhǔn)確地找到與之相關(guān)的語句，或是疑似語句的位置，接著去左顧，或右盼，在前句或后句尋找線索。3.讀懂表象如前所述，主旨大意題或推理判斷、作者意圖題等實際上是同一類型的問題，或者說是可用同種方法解答的題型。在解答此類題目的時候，不可被題干的表象所迷惑，要像剝洋蔥一樣，一層一層地剝；在四個可選項中，一個一個地去證實，去排除。特別是解答推論或暗指類的題目，比如“Whatcanbeinferredfrom…?”或是Whatdoestheauthorimplyin…?”之類的題目，文中所陳述的往往不是答案。我們要在文前文后去查找，在字里行間里去尋覓。有時還少不了借助自己的生活經(jīng)驗和常理來體會這言外之意。4.挖掘意義每年的中考閱讀題中，特別是記敘文的閱讀題，都會出現(xiàn)一至兩道詞義猜測題。而這些詞匯往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有點頭之交，在文中卻另有新意的，總之，猜的是那些在中考詞匯表要求之外的詞匯。小小的一個詞，一個短語，考核的不是你的語法的熟練程度，也不是你的記憶力，而是你對文章通篇或者一個段落的整體把握和變通能力。【典例示例】Compassionisadesirewithinustohelpothers．Witheffort,wecantranslatecompassionintoaction．Anexperiencelastweekendshowedmethisistrue．Iworkpart-timeinasupermarketacrossfromabuildingfortheelderly．Theseoldpeopleareourmaincustomers,andit’snothardtolosepatienceovertheirslowness．ButlastSunday,oneagedgentlemanappearedtoteachmeavaluablelesson．Thisuntidymanwalkeduptomyregister(收款機(jī))withaboxofbiscuits．Hesaidhewasoutofcash(現(xiàn)金),hadjustmovedintohisroom,andhadnothinginhiscupboards．Heaskedifwecouldlethimhavethefoodontrust．Hepromisedtorepaymethenextday．

Icouldn’thelpstaringathim．Iwonderedwhatkindofpersonhehadbeentenortwentyyearsbefore,andwhathewouldbelikeifluckhadgonehisway．Ihadahurtinmyheartforthiskindofhumansoul,allaloneintheworld．ItoldhimthatIwassorry,butstorerulesdidn’tallowmetodoso．Ifeltstupidandunkindsayingthis,butIvaluedmyjob．

Justthen,anotherman,standingbehindthefirst,spokeup．Ifanything,helookedmorepitiable．“Chargeittome,”wasallhesaid．

WhatIhadbeenfeelingwaspity．Pityissoftandsafeandeasy．Compassion,ontheotherhand,iscaringinaction．Ithankedthesecondmanbuttoldhimthatwasnotallowedeither．ThenIreachedintomypocketandpaidforthebiscuitsmyself．Ireachedintomypocketbecausethesetwomenhadreachedintomyheartandtaughtmecompassion.解析：故事采用順敘的敘事方法，主要情節(jié)發(fā)展如下：Oneagedgentlemanbeggedmetohavethefoodontrustandpromisedtorepaythenextday.Itoldhimthestorerulesdidn’tallowmetodoso.Anothermanwantedmetochargethefoodtohim.Ipaidforthebiscuitsmyself.作者用第一人稱講述自己親身經(jīng)歷的這段故事，讓人覺得親切可信，同時也增強(qiáng)了文章的感染力。作者說自己通過這段故事學(xué)會了compassion（同情），事實上也是在號召讀者多伸出同情之手，共建和諧社會。能力強(qiáng)化能力強(qiáng)化2一、閱讀理解1Amanmadeanicetalkingmachine.Itcouldweighpeople.Themanwantedtotrythemachinebeforehecouldmakealotofthesekindsofmachines.Heputthemachineintothewaitingroomofastation.Therewerealwayslotsofpeopleinandoutthere.Thefirstonebegantousethemachine.ItwasanIndianwoman.Whenshestoodonthemachine,themachinethoughtforafewminutestodecidewhichlanguageitshouldspeak.“Goodmorning,mam,”itsaidinIndian,“Yourweightis72kilos.That’sthreekilosmore.Ifyoueatmorefruitandvegetables,youwillbesoonallright.Wishyouaniceday.”ThesecondonewhousedthemachinewasaniceChinesegirl.Shestoodonthemachineandwaitedtohearherweight.“Goodmorning,Miss.”themachinesaidinChinese.“Yourweightis45kilos.It’sallrightforyourageandheight.Goontoeatwhatyoueateveryday.Wishyouaniceday.”ThethirdonetousethemachinewasaveryfatAmericanwoman.Shethoughtforalongtimebeforestandingonthemachine.Butassoonasshestoodonthemachine,themachinespokequicklyinEnglish,“Goodmorning.Willoneofyougetoff?”.1.Thenicetalkingmachinecould________.A.tellpeoplewhattheyshouldeat B.weighandtalktopeopleC.tellpeoplehowoldtheyare D.tellastory2.Firstthemanputhismachine________.A.inthedoctor’swaitingroom B.inamuseumC.inastation D.inatrain3.WhatdidthemachinetelltheIndianwoman________?A.Shewasalittlelighter. B.Shewasjustallright.C.Sheneededtoeatmoreandexcisemore. D.Shewasalittlebitheavy.4.Themachinesaidquickly“Willoneofyougetoff?”because________.A.twopeoplewereonit B.thethirdwomanwastoofatC.somethingwaswrongwithit D.themachinedidn’tknowwherethethird2Ifoundithardtocommunicatewithmymother.Relationsbetweenusbecamedifficult.OnedayIranawayfromhomeandstayedoutsideforafewhours.WhenIreturnedhomeatnight,Isawallthepain,angeranddisappointmentonmymother’sface.Weknewthatwewereingreatneedoftalk.Weagreedtohavebreakfasttogetherthenextmorning.Intheend,wedecidedtogotoarestaurant.OnourwaytotherestaurantInoticedmymotherhadtwonotebooks.Iaskedherwhattheywereusedfor.Sheexplainedtomethatsometimesitwaseasiertowritedownourfeelingsthantalkingaboutthem.Weshouldwritedownourfeelings.Ourfirsttopicwas“WhyamIsoangry?”Iwroteahalfpage,andmymomfilledupnearlythreepages.Isawthetearsrundownherfacewhileshewaswriting.Ineverrealizedanyonecouldhidesomuchanger.Afterwefinishedwriting,weexchangedournotebooks.AssoonasIstartedreadingmymother’swords.Ibegantocryandsodidshe.Whenwefinishedreading,wediscussedourfeelings.Finally,itfeltlikealltheangerinsidemewentawayfrommybody.OurtalkhelpedmerealizesomanythingsIhadneverthoughtofbefore,notonlyaboutmymotherbutalsoaboutotherpeople.MymotherandIcontinueusingournotebooksasawayofcommunicating.Weknowthatnomatterhowwefeelabouteachother,ournotebooksareasafeplacetoexpressourfeelings.Wehavecometoanagreementthatwewrite“Iloveyou”attheendofeachletter.5.Theauthorsawpain,________anddisappointmentonhismother’sface.A.anger B.fear C.happiness D.humor6.Whatdidtheydoaftertheyfinishedwriting?A.Theywenttoarestaurant. B.Theyclosedtheirnotebooks.C.Theywentforawalk. D.Theyexchangedtheirnotebooks.7.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Thenotebooksarenotasafeplacetoexpresstheirfeeling.B.Theyagreedtohavelunchtogetherthenextday.C.Theydiscussedtheirfeelingsafterfinishingreading.D.Themotherwaslaughingwhilehersonwaswriting.8.Accordingtothepassage,wecanlearnthat________.A.wecanonlyusenotebookstowritedownourfeelingsB.weneedtocommunicatewithourparentsmoreoftenC.it’sagoodhabittowritelettersD.weshouldspendmoretimewithourparents3Mr.andMrs.Smithhavejustopenedasmallrestaurant.Inordertoattractcustomers,theyputanoticeinfrontoftherestaurant,whichsaid“MealsontheHouseforThreeDays.”Aforeignstudentwhodidn’tknowEnglishhappenedtopassbytherestaurantonthesecondday.Itwaslunchtimeandhefeltveryhungry.“Well,hereisarestaurant.Iamgoingtohavesomethingtoeat.”Hewalkedtowardstherestaurantwhenhesawthenotice.“Americanpeoplearereallystrange.Theyeveneatdinnersonthehouse!ButhowcanIgetuptothetopofthehouse?”hesaidtohimself.Helookedaroundandfoundaladderagainstatreenearby.Hewasveryglad.Butashereachedthetopheheardsomeoneshoutingathim.“Hey,whatareyoudoingupthere?”Mr.Smithwaslookingathimangrilyandbesidehimwasapoliceman.“Doesn’tyournoticesay‘MealsonthehouseforThreeDays’?Isitjustajoke?”theforeignstudentanswered.Onhearingthis,bothMr.Smithandthepolicemanlaughed.“Doyouknowwhat‘ONTHEHOUSE’means?Lookitupinthedictionary,”thepolicemansuggested.9.Mr.andMrs.Smitharethe________ofthesmallrestaurant.A.owners B.servants C.neighbors D.cooks10.Thestudentpassedbytherestaurantwhenhe________.A.learnedsomeEnglish B.arrivedinAmerica C.feltveryhungry D.sawapoliceman11.Thestoryhappenedin________.A.England B.Australia C.Canada D.America12.Theunderlinedphrase“MealsontheHouse”meansyoucan________.A.takefoodaway B.eatwithoutpayingC.servemealsonthehouse D.cookmealsinthehouse4Today,we’lllookatastoryaboutastreetmusicianandahomelesscatinthebookAStreetCatNamedBob.ItisabouthowJamesBowenandhiscat,Bob,foundhopeonthestreetsofLondon.JamesBowenisastreetartistwhobusks(街頭賣藝)aroundCoventGardeninLondon.Itsometimespayswell,butnotalways.WhenBowenfindsBobonhisbalcony(陽臺),injuredandhungry,hewantstohelp.Jamesalreadyhastroublefeedinghimself.Sill,JamesdecidestonurseBobbacktohealth.Oneday,BobfollowsJamestoCoventGarden.Heattractslotsofpeople.TheystopandlistentoBowen’ssongs.Bowenearnsmoremoneythateveningthanheusuallygetsinawholeday.BobandBowenhavemanywonderfuladventures,althoughtherearemanyharddaysaswell.Thisbookisanautobiography(自傳),writtenbyJamesBowenhimself.Ilikeautobiographies.Theytellyoumoreaboutwhatthepersonisfeeling,ratherthanonlydescribingfacts.InAStreetCatNamedBob,BowennotonlytellsyouabouthislifewithBob,butalsotellsyouabouthisexperiencesbefore,suchashisparents’divorce(離婚)andhispoorlonelylife.Thelanguageissimple,soitiseasytoread.13.WhatisAStreetCatNamedBobabout?A.Thelifeofahomelesscat. B.Thelivesofbuskers.C.ThestoryofJamesBowenandhiscat. D.ThelivesofpeopleinLondon.14.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.WhatBowenandBobexperiencetogether.B.Howwonderfultheiradventuresare.C.WhatdifficultiestheyhaveinCoventGarden.D.HowmuchmoneyBobandBowenearntogether.15.Whatdoweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.JamesBowencamefromahappyfamily.B.Readerscanlearnmanydifficultwordsfromthebook.C.Thecathadmanyfeelings.D.AStreetCatNamedBobtellsatruestory.二、完形填空Aftersayinggoodbyetomymom,Istartedofftoschool.Myhomewasnotfarfromschool,soIlikedgoingtoschool____16____.ThenIsawanoldwomanholdingahugebagwalkinginfrontofme.Ithoughtthatitmustbe____17____forhertocarrysuchahugebag,soImovedtowardsherandhelpedhercarrythebaguptoherhome.Shegavemeapleasantsmileandsaid,“Thankyou,mychild.”Thismademe____18____veryhappy.Whilecrossingapark____19____mywaytoschool,Isawtwolovelysquirrels(松鼠)fightingoveranutonatree.Thatwasquite____20____.Itwasn’tuntiloneofthemranawaythatIrealizedIshouldgo.Atthecrossing,Iturnedleftand____21____minuteslater,Isawariverwithtwoswans(天鵝).____22____beautifulswans!They____23____happilyintheriver.Imovedovertotheriverandlookedclosely.Thewaterwassoclear____24____Icouldseewhatwasunderit.Iofferedapieceofbiscuittooneoftheswans.Imovedmyhandsoveritsfeather(羽毛)andfeltthesoftness.Iwasabouttogiveit____25____pieceofbiscuit,thoughitswamaway.Ikeptonwalkingandafewminuteslater,Iarrivednearmyschool.Ismiledandwentinside.16.A.bybike B.onfoot C.bysubway D.ontheschoolbus17.A.easy B.good C.difficult D.convenient18.A.feel B.feels C.felt D.tofeel19.A.to B.on C.in D.of20.A.fun B.terrible C.boring D.popular21.A.few B.little C.afew D.alittle22.A.How B.What C.Howa D.Whata23.A.swim B.swam C.areswimming D.wereswimming24.A.to B.who C.that D.which25.A.other B.others C.theothers D.another三、短文填空閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并將答案寫在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置。Onenight,ourcar____26____(break)byathief.Evenworse,allofthethingsinthecarweremissingincludingmyschoolbag.Therewasmydrawingboard,schooltextbooksandnotebooksinit.Iwasreallysad.Ihadtogotoschool____27____nothingthenextday.Myteacher,MissTaylor,wasverykindtome.Shegaveme____28____newdrawingboardafterItoldherwhat____29____(happen).Shealsohandedmesomecrayons.Ididn’tstarttodrawanythingyet,somethingeven____30____(good)happened.MissTaylor

____31____(receive)acallfromtheoffice.Aftersheputdownthephone,shesaidwith____32____(excite),“Helen,amiracle(奇跡)hashappened!Someonefoundyourbag!”Irantotheoffice____33____(get)myschoolbag.WhenIopenedit,Isawallmythingswerestillinside.Ateacherintheofficesaid,“Youare____34____(luck).Acouplefoundyourschoolbagonthesideoftheroad,andtheyfoundtheaddressonyourdrawingboard.Sotheybroughtthebagtoschooljustnow.”Itshowsthattherearelotsofpeople_____35_____arekind.Thereisnoneedforustolosefaithjustbecauseofonebadapple.Theworldisstillsobeautiful.四、書面表達(dá)36."與人為善"是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)美德。與人為善就是以善意的態(tài)度對待他人,幫助他人。善待他人,樂于助人也能讓自己的心情保持愉悅。某英文網(wǎng)站正在開展以"與人為善"為主題的征文活動。假如你是李華,請用英文寫一篇短文投稿,談?wù)勀銓εc人為善的看法,曾經(jīng)與人為善的經(jīng)歷以及你的感受。提示詞語:virtue(美德）,kind,important,help,improve,happy提示問題:●Whatdoyouthinkofbeingkindtoothers?●Whatdidyoudo?●Howdidyoufeel?BeingkindtoothersisatraditionalvirtueofChinesepeople.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案一、1【答案與解析】本文介紹了一個人制作了一個能說話并能稱重的機(jī)器，他想試用這臺機(jī)器，將機(jī)器放在了一個車站的候車室內(nèi)，機(jī)器對三個人進(jìn)行了測量和描述，并作出評價。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Amanmadeanicetalkingmachine.Itcouldweighpeople.”翻譯為“一個人做了一臺漂亮的會說話的機(jī)器。它可以稱人的體重?！?，可知這種機(jī)器可以跟人對話并稱出體重。故選B。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Heputthemachineintothewaitingroomofastation.”可知這個人先把機(jī)器放在了車站的候車室。故選C。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Yourweightis72kilos.That’sthreekilosmore.Ifyoueatmorefruitandvegetables,youwillbesoonallright.Wishyouaniceday.”可知這個機(jī)器說這位印度女士有點胖。故選D。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ThethirdonetousethemachinewasaveryfatAmericanwoman.”以及“Butassoonasshestoodonthemachine,themachinespokequicklyinEnglish,“Goodmorning.Willoneofyougetoff?”.”，可推斷出這位美國人太重,相當(dāng)于兩個人的體重。故選B。2【答案與解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了我和母親用“寫下我們的感受”的方式化解了矛盾的故事。告訴我們要更多地與父母溝通，相互理解。5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WhenIreturnedhomeatnight,Isawallthepain,angeranddisappointmentonmymother’sface.”可知，作者看到了他母親臉上的痛苦、憤怒和失望。故選A。6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Afterwefinishedwriting,weexchangedournotebooks.”可知，他們寫完后，交換了筆記本。故選D。7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whenwefinishedreading,wediscussedourfeelings.”可知，C選項“他們讀完后討論了自己的感受。”表述正確。故選C。8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Finally,itfeltlikealltheangerinsidemewentawayfrommybody.OurtalkhelpedmerealizesomanythingsIhadneverthoughtofbefore,notonlyaboutmymotherbutalsoaboutotherpeople.”可知，根據(jù)這篇文章,我們可以了解到我們需要更多地與父母溝通。故選B。3【答案與解析】本文主要講述了一個不太懂英語的學(xué)生看到一則“三天免費用餐”的廣告，誤以為是在房子上面用餐而鬧出了笑話的故事。9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Mr.andMrs.Smithhavejustopenedasmallrestaurant.”可知，史密斯夫婦是這家小餐館的店主。故選A。10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Aforeignstudentwhodidn’tknowEnglishhappenedtopassbytherestaurantonthesecondday.Itwaslunchtimeandhefeltveryhungry.”可知，學(xué)生路過飯店時，正好是午飯時間，他很餓。故選C。11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Americanpeoplearereallystrange.Theyeveneatdinnersonthehouse!”可推知，故事發(fā)生在美國。故選D。12.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Inordertoattractcustomers,theyputanoticeinfrontoftherestaurant,whichsaid‘MealsontheHouseforThreeDays.’”可知，為了吸引顧客，他們在餐廳前貼了一張告示，上面寫著“本店免費用餐三日”；因此“MealsontheHouse”的含義為“免費用餐”。故選B。4【答案與解析】本文介紹了《流浪貓鮑勃》這本書，講述了詹姆斯·波文遇到了一只流浪貓，把它取名為鮑勃，之后他們在一起相依為命，并互相改變了對方的生活的故事。13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“...thebookAStreetCatNamedBob.ItisabouthowJamesBowenandhiscat,Bob,foundhopeonthestreetsofLondon.”可知，《流浪貓鮑勃》這本書是關(guān)于詹姆斯·波文和他的貓的故事。故選C。14.段落大意題。根據(jù)“BobandBowenhavemanywonderfuladventures,althoughtherearemanyharddaysaswell.”可整段可知，第三段主要介紹了波文和鮑勃在一起都經(jīng)歷了什么，他們有許多奇妙的冒險經(jīng)歷，也歷經(jīng)過許多艱難的日子。故選A。15.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thisbookisanautobiography(自傳),writtenbyJamesBowenhimself.”和“InAStreetCatNamedBob,BowennotonlytellsyouabouthislifewithBob,butal