00603英語寫作200910【答案在試卷后】

全國2009年10月高等教育自學考試英語寫作試題課程代碼：00603I．Supplythemissingparagraph(20points)Thefollowingpassageisincompletewithonebodyparagraphmissing．Studythepassagecarefullyandwritethemissingparagraphinabout100words．Makesurethatyourtoneanddictionareinunitywiththepassageprovided．TheBreakdownofCommunicationItiscommonlyacknowledgedthatlanguageproblemsmakecommunicationbetweenpeoplefromdifferentculturesdifficult．Becauseofthelanguagebarriers，peoplecannotexpresstheirfeelingsclearlytoeachother．However,communicationproblemsalsoexistbetweenindividualsfromthesameculture．Althoughtheyhavethesameculturalbackground，theysometimescannotunderstandeachotherwell．Communicationbetweenindividualsbreaksdownbecauseofmanyfactors．Themostsignificantonesincludepersonality,agedifferenceandcompetitionbetweenindividuals．Personalityhasagreatinfluenceoncommunicationbetweenpeople．First,thesharingofcommoninterestsisoftenessentialforinitiatingcommunication．Iftwopeopleholdcompletelydifferentattitudes，itwillnotbeeasyforthemtostartcommunicatingwitheachother．Second，thewillingnesstoexpresstheirfeelingsandopinionsfreelyisneededifmeaningfulcommunicationistobedeveloped．Somepeopledonotwanttotalkaboutcontroversialsubjects,fearingthatthiswillhurttheirrelationshipwithfriends.Instead,theykeeptheirdiscussionoftopicsataverysuperficiallevel，whichpreventsthemfromknowingandunderstandingeachother.Thelackofunderstandingleadstounsuccessfulcommunication.Itisclearthatpersonality,tosomeextent，affectstheinitiationandmaintenanceofcommunication.Althoughagedifferencegivesrisetocommunicationproblemsbetweentwogenerations，competitionposesanevengreaterproblemwhenpeopleareaboutthesameage．Intensecompetitioninthemodernworldcreatestremendouspressureonpeople．Inordertogetaheadinacareerorinschool,peopletendtodevotemostoftheirtimetoworking，studying，orotheractivitiesthatenhancetheirprospectsforthefuture．Asaconsequence，theyhavelittleinclinationtocommunicatewithothers.Theyareanxiousabouttheirachievementsbecausethosearethemeasuresofsuccessinlife.So,keencompetitionalsodiscouragespeoplefromhavingagoodunderstandingofeachother.Communicatingwithotherpeopleinvolvesmucheffortbecausepeople’spersonality,thegenerationgapandkeencompetitionbringaboutpotentialproblems.Theseproblemsareconstantlywithus,andanyofthemmayleadtoabreakdownincommunicationbetweenindividuals.II．Writeanoutline(20points)Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandcomposea‘‘topicoutline’’forit．WhatIsaRodeo?“Rodeo”isaSpanishwordmeaning‘‘gatheringplaceormarketplaceforcattle.”Arodeoitselfisacompetitivecontestbasedlooselyontraditionalcowboyskillsofridingandroping．Itconsistsofsixmajorevents：ridinganuntamedhorseinasaddle；ridinganuntamedhorsewithoutasaddle；ridingabull；ropingacalf；wrestlingabulltotheground；racinghorsesaroundbarrelswithwomenriders.ArodeoisperhapsthemostgenuinelyAmericanofallsports．Thefirstrodeotookplacefollowingacattleroundupinthe1880s．Fromthisinformalcowboypastime，acolorfulspectaclehasevolvedthatcontainsmanyfamiliarAmericanelements--theexcitingactionofbuckinghorsesandbulls，theexplosivemasculineenvironment，thehotdogstands，beerbarrels，boots，jeans，andcowboyhats．Today,mostrodeosarestagedinalarge，flatarenathatisfencedofftoprotecttheviewingpublic．Grandstandsareerectedontwosidesofthearena；ontheothersidesareplacestoholdthehorses，calves，andbulls．Nearbyarenarrowchutesfromwhichanimalsarereleasedintothearena．Onaplatformaloudspeakersystemissetupfortheannouncer,whointroducestheridersandcommentsontheeventsastheyhappen．Nearthearenaarerefreshmentstandswherepeoplegathertobuyfoodanddrink.Portablerestroomsaresetupnearthegrandstand，andanambulanceisparkednearbyincaseofanaccident.Anopeningparadeofproudridersonproudhorsesusuallybeginsarodeo；theperformerscarryflappingnationalandstateflags．Thenthetwo-actperformancebegins．Calfropingandbullwrestlingaretimedevents．Inthefastestpossibletime，amanmustropeandthrowtothegroundacalfandtiethreeofitsfeettogether．Inbullwrestling，theobjectistotumblethebullontoitsbackwithitsheadandallitsfeetinline．Calfropinghasbeendoneunderfifteenseconds，andabullhasbeenwrestledinlessthantenseconds．Whenridingananimal，acontestantmountsbeforethechutegatesareopened．Theridermuststayonthebuckinganimalforeightseconds；pointsaregivenfortheperformanceofboththeanimalandthecontestant．Inallridingevents，thecontestantisdisqualifiedifhetouchestheanimalwithhisfreehand．ProbablythemostdifficultrodeofeatisBrahmanbullriding．Duringthisevent,arodeocomestoresembleacircusbecausegaily-costumedclownscomeintothearenatodistractthebull’sattentionfromfallenriders．Tostayonabuckingbullforaslongaseightsecondsisoneofthemostchallengingtasksinarodeo.Spectatorseagerlywaitforthisevent．Thepresentcircusextendsfarbeyondtheregionwheretheconte