教外國人漢語第3課

DISANKELESSONTHREEPartoneChinesephoneticsbpmfdtnlReviewbópàmǔfǎdútìnúlèReadthefollowingsyllablesWordsmorningafternooneveninghowandgood

SentencesGoodmorning/afternoon/evening/night.Thankyou./Youarewelcome.Sorry./Itdoesn’tmatter.Howareyou?/I’mfine,andyou?ParttwoGreetingsReview1.Finals(compoundfinals):

ai

ei

ui

ao

ou

iuClassThreePartoneChinesePhoneticsClassThreePronunciationessentialsforai,ei,aoandou

Whenai,ei,aoandouarearticulated,thesoundofthefirstvowelwhichisthemainvowelislouderandlongerthanthatofthesecondone.Thesoundofthesecondvowelislighterandshorter.Whenthesefinalsarepronounced,thetonguepositionkeepchanginginaslidingratherthanajerkingmanner.aiChinesePhonetics

eiChinesePhonetics

uiChinesePhonetics

aoChinesePhonetics

ouChinesePhonetics

iuChinesePhonetics

b+āibāib+èibèip+àipàim+ěiměid+uìduìn+ǎonǎot+óutóul+iúliúClassThreeReadsyllables2.Initials:gkhjqxClassThreePartoneChinesePhoneticsClassThreePronunciationessentialsforg,kandh

Thelocationforarticulationofg,kandhisthehindmost.Theyarearticulatedbythecoordinationofthebackpartofthetongueandthesoftpalate.gisunaspiratedwhilekisaspirated.Astrongreleaseofbreathismadewhenkisarticulated.Thepronunciationofgissimilartothe“g”in“good”,whilethepronunciationofkissimilartothe“k”in“l(fā)ook”.Thepronunciationofhissimilartothe“h”in“him”.gChinesePhonetics

kChinesePhonetics

gkgēkēgànkàngǎokǎoguākuāgǔnkǔngāngkānghChinesePhonetics

ClassThreeReadthefollowingsyllablesandpayattentiontodifferencesbetweeng,kandh.g

（ēéěè）gēgégěgèk（āáǎà）kākákǎkàh（ūúǔù）hūhúhǔhùClassThreeReadthefollowingsyllablesandpayattentiontodifferencesbetweeng,kandh.gǔkǔhǔgǒukǒuhǒuguìkuì

huìguākuāhuājChinesePhonetics

qChinesePhonetics

jīqìjiāoqūjiāxiāngjìnxiūqījiānqǐngjiàqíngxūqǔxiāoxìngqùxīnqíngxuānjǔxiaojiexChinesePhonetics

ClassThreej

（īíǐì）jījíjǐjìq（ūúǔù）qūqúqǔqùx

(iāiáiǎià)xiāxiáxiǎxiàReadthefollowingsyllablesandpayattentiontodifferencesbetweenj,qandx.ClassThreePronunciationessentialsforj,qandx

j,q,xarepronouncedbythecoordinationofthefrontofthetongueandthehardpalate.jisunaspiratedwhileqisaspirated.Astrongreleaseofbreathismadewhenqisarticulated.Whenxisarticulated,thefrontofthetongueshouldnottouchthehardpalate.Therekeepsanarrowpassagebetweenthem.1.Thearticulationofinitialsj,q,andxInthephonologyofMandarinChinese,thelocationforarticulatingj,q,andxisslightlybehindthatforzh,ch,shandr.Theyaredorsalspronouncedbythecoordinationofthetonguesurfaceandthehardpalate.Notes

on

Chinese

PhoneticsThedifferencesinthemannersofarticulationareasfollows:Thedifferencebetweenjandq;jisunaspiratedwhileqisaspirated.Astrongreleaseofbreathismadewhenqisarticulated.Notes

on

Chinese

Phoneticsb.Whenjandqarearticulated,firstlythetonguesurfaceisraisedsothatitcantouchthesoftpalate.Thenanarrowpassageisopenedtolettheairstreamgoout.c.Whenxisarticulated,thetonguesurfaceshouldnottoughthehardpalate.Therealwaysexistsanarrowpassagebetweenthem.Notes

on

Chinese

Phonetics2.Thearticulationofinitialsg,kandh

Thelocationforarticulatingg,kandhisthehindmost.Theyarevelarsthatarearticulatedbythecoordinationofthebackpartofthetonguesurfaceandthesoftpalate.Notes

on

Chinese

PhoneticsThedifferencesinthemannersofarticulationareasfollows:Thedifferencebetweengandk;gisunaspiratedwhilekisaspirated.Astrongreleaseofbreathismadewhenkisarticulated.Whengandkarearticulated,firstlythebackpartofthetonguesurfacetouchesthesoftpalate.Thenanarrowpassageisopenedtolettheairstreamgoout.Notes

on

Chinese

Phoneticsc.Whenhisarticulated,thebackpartofthetonguesurfaceshouldnottoughthesoftpalate.Thereisalwaysexistsanarrowpassagebetweenthem.Inaddition,notethatthelocationforarticulatinghshouldnotbetoofarbackward,otherwiseitwillbecomeagutturalsound.Notes

on

Chinese

PhoneticsClassThreeReadthefollowingsyllableskělèkěkǒuhuìhuàxiǎokǒuqìqiúpíjiǔjiějiexiūxī

◆Whenthereisonlyonevowelinasyllable,thetonemarkisplacedonthevowel(thedotimustberemovedbeforeplacingthetonemark).Forexample:b+a+(thefirsttone)→bān+i+(thethirdtone)→nǐClassThreeParttwoTonemarklabeling◆Whenthefinalofasyllableiscomposedof2ormorevowels,thetonemarkmustbeplacedonthemainvowel.Forexample:h+ua+(thefirsttone)→huā

b+ei+(thethirdtone)→běiClassThreeParttwoTonemarklabelingClassThreePartthreeSayinggoodbyeKeyWords:

good-bye

zàijiàn

ashortwhile

yíhuìr

tomorrow

míngtiān

next

year

míngniánA:Goodbye!