高中英語初賽課件-閱讀理解

啊偉canspeakJapaneseandEnglish.

谷雨canspeakChineseandJapanese.

震宇canonlytalkwith啊偉.

inferWhatlanguagedoes震宇speak?啊偉canspeakJapaneseandEnglish.

谷雨canspeakChineseandJapanese.

震宇canonlytalkwith啊偉.

inferWhatlanguagedoes震宇speak?EnglishinferItlooksgreenforhim,becauseheisred-greenblindness(紅綠色盲).Itlooksblackforhim,becauseheis____?

blind(失明了)高考英語閱讀理解解題策略之推理和判斷InferenceandJudgmentTeachingAims:1.Masterthemainstrategiesof

inference(推理)andjudgment

(判斷)inreadingcomprehension2.Adoptthesestrategiestothequestionsinreadingcomprehensionefficiently,especiallyinexams

Finishthelearningmaterialone

(5minutes)CBD

該部分考查考生理解不同題材和體裁的書面材料的能力以及從中獲取信息的能力。要求考生讀懂有關(guān)日常生活話題的簡短文字材料，例如公告、說明、廣告、以及書、報、雜志中關(guān)于一般性話題的簡短文段?？忌鷳?yīng)能：1.理解主旨要義2.理解文中具體信息3.根據(jù)上下文推測生詞的詞義4.做出推理和判斷5.理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)6.理解作者的意圖、觀點和態(tài)度2014年安徽高考大綱中關(guān)于閱讀理解的要求推斷1.主旨要義：

標(biāo)題歸納文章大意段落大意2.具體信息：

語義轉(zhuǎn)換

是非判斷

數(shù)字計算

先后排序3.詞義猜測：單詞短語句子5.文章結(jié)構(gòu)：按段落組織方式按論證方法

4.推理判斷：

隱含意義文章出處/讀者預(yù)測內(nèi)容作者觀點和態(tài)度寫作目的/意圖命題類型主旨要義具體信息

推測生詞推理判斷文章結(jié)構(gòu)20141

11

1

7

02013

2

12

0

6

02012

2

11

1

6

02011

2

11

1

6

02010

2

12

1

5

0安徽高考五年閱讀理解題型真題分析：Important推理判斷

根據(jù)文章的某個句子、某個段落或者全文所提供的事實和線索進(jìn)行邏輯推理，推斷出作者沒有提到的或者沒有明說的事實或者可能發(fā)生的事實。旨在考查考生透過詞語的字面意義去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力。推斷題主要分類Classification1.

推斷隱含意義2.推斷文章出處/讀者3.推斷預(yù)測內(nèi)容

4.推斷作者觀點和態(tài)度5.推斷寫作目的/意圖1.推斷隱含意義類

命題形式這類試題的題干中常含infer(推斷),suggest/imply/indicate(暗示),learn,conclude,belikelyto...，mostlikely，probably等詞語?；蛱釂栔泻斜硎就茰y的情態(tài)動詞，如can，could，might，would等62.Itcanbeinferredthatwithoutgravity__67.Wecanconcludefromthetextthat__68.Welearnfromthetextthattheauthor__58.WhatcanbelearnedfromPassage2?64.WhichofthefollowingwasachallengeforCorbertinclimbingHalfDome?69.WelearnfromthetextthatinIreland__75.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat__2010安徽真題:2011安徽真題:

推理判斷題中的正確選項是依據(jù)文章的事實或證據(jù)推斷出的符合邏輯的結(jié)論或觀點，而干擾項是對原文信息的1.簡單復(fù)述；2.擴(kuò)大縮?。?.絕對化；有時會出現(xiàn)only,

all等詞語，4.滲入常識；文中并無支持信息5.張冠李戴、偷梁換柱、魚目混珠無中生有、斷章取義、以偏概全....干擾項的特點：解題步驟：尋讀，迅速在文中找到相關(guān)信息點。

研讀，對相關(guān)信息點由表及里、由淺

入深地分析。推理，以相關(guān)信息點為依據(jù)結(jié)合常識，

作出符合邏輯的推斷。推理策略1.異曲同工：文中不能直接找到,可從字里行間撲捉線索2.順應(yīng)主旨：好文章的內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)都是為主旨服務(wù)的3.中庸之道：干擾項往往言過其實；而正確選項往往把一種說法控制在一定的限度和范圍內(nèi)4.轉(zhuǎn)折詞匯：but;yet;however等可以幫助準(zhǔn)確定位有效信息Learningmaterialtwo62.B69.A72.D73.C1.推斷隱含意義類

WhatwouldhappenifthegravityonEarthwassuddenlyturnedoff?

Supposingwecouldmagicallyturnoffgravity.Wouldbuildingsand

otherstructures(建筑物)floataway?WhathappenedwoulddependonhowstronglythethingswereattachedtotheEarth.TheEarthismovingatquite

aspeed,movingatoverathousandmilesperhours.Ifyouturnsomethingaroundyourheadonastring(細(xì)繩),itgoesaroundinacircleuntilyoulet

goofthestring.Thenitfliesoffinastraightline.‘Switchingoff’gravitywouldbelikelettinggoofthestring.

ThingsnotattachedtotheEarth

wouldflyoffinastraightline.Peopleinbuildingswouldsuddenlyshootupwardsatagreatspeeduntiltheyhittheceiling.Mostthingsoutside

wouldflyoffintospace.62.Itcanbeinferredthatwithoutgravity.

A.buildingsandotherstructureswouldfloataway

B.treesandbuildingswouldnoteasilyflyoff

C.somethingaroundyourhead

wouldnotflyaway

D.everythingoutsidebuildingswouldflyoffintospaceanalogy安徽真題2010(B篇節(jié)選)斷章取義絕對化安徽真題2011(D篇節(jié)選)

Inthe1840s

themaincrop

wasaffected

indomesticandabout750,000

peorlediedofhunger.This,

andashortage(短缺)ofwork,forcedmanypeopletoleaveIrelandandliveintheUSA,theUK,

AustraliaandCanada.Asaresultoftheseproblems,

thepopulationfellfrom8.2millionin1841

to6.6

millionin1851.

Formanyyears,themajorityofIrishpeopleearnedtheirlivingasfarmers.Today,manypeoplewillworkonthelandbutmoreandmorepeoplearemovingtothecitiestoworkinfactoriesandoffices.

Lifeinthecitiesisverydifferentfromlifeinthecountryside,wherethingsmoveataquieterandslowerpace.69.WelearnfromthetextthatinIreland_______．A.foodshortagesinthe1840sledtoadeclineinpopulationB.peoplearemovingtothecitiesforlackofworkinthecountrysideC.itishardertomakealivingasafarmerthanasafactoryworkerD.differentkindsofoldIrishsongsareallsungwithinstruments在下一段此處省略了縮小了范圍無中生有

Welcometoyourfuturelife!

Yougetupinthemorningandlookintothemirror.Yourfaceisfirmandyoung-looking.In2035,medicaltechnologyisbetterthanever.Manypeopleyouragecouldlivetobe150,soat40,you’renotoldatall.Andyourparentsjusthadananti-aging(抗衰老的)treatment.Now,allthreeoflookthesameage!

Yousaytoyourshirt,”Turnred.”Itchangesfrombluetored.In2035,“smartclothes”containparticles(粒子)muchsmallerthanthecellsinyourbody.Theparticlescanbeprogrammedtochangeclothes'colororpattern.

Youwalkintothekitchen.Youpickupthemilk,butavoicesays,”Youshouldn’tdrinkthat!”Yourfridgehasreadthechip(芯片)thatcontainsinformationaboutthemilk,anditknowsthemilkisold.In2035,everyarticleoffoodinthegrocerystorehassuchachip...........

安徽真題2012(E篇節(jié)選)72.Wecanlearnfromthetextthatinthefuture__________. A.

peoplewillnevergetold B.everyonewilllookthesame C.

redwillbethemostpopularcolor D.clotheswillbeabletochangetheirpattern絕對化

Welcometoyourfuturelife!

Yougetupinthemorningandlookintothemirror.Yourfaceisfirmandyoung-looking.In2035,medicaltechnologyisbetterthanever.Manypeopleyouragecouldlivetobe150,soat40,you’renotoldatall.Andyourparentsjusthadananti-aging(抗衰老的)treatment.Now,allthreeoflookthesameage!

Yousaytoyourshirt,”Turnred.”Itchangesfrombluetored.In2035,“smartclothes”containparticles(粒子)muchsmallerthanthecellsinyourbody.Theparticlescanbeprogrammedtochangeclothes'colororpattern.

Youwalkintothekitchen.Youpickupthemilk,butavoicesays,”Youshouldn’tdrinkthat!”Yourfridgehasreadthechip(芯片)thatcontainsinformationaboutthemilk,anditknowsthemilkisold.In2035,everyarticleoffoodinthegrocerystorehassuchachip...........

安徽真題2012(E篇節(jié)選)73.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.Milkwillbeharmfultohealth.B.Moredrinkswillbeavailableforsale.C.Foodinthegrocerystorewillcarryelectronicinformation.D.Milkinthegrocerystorewillstayfreshmuchlonger.常識推斷無中生有命題形式:安徽真題2010："63.Wherecanwemostprobablyreadinthe

text______"2013："59.Thetextprobablycomesfrom____"2014：“59.Wherewouldyoubemostlikelytofindthetwotexts?”2.推斷文章出處/讀者突破方法：考生本身要具備一定的常識，基本了解報紙、雜志、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、小說、說明書、指南等通讀文章判斷文章的中心話題再根據(jù)文中的細(xì)節(jié)判斷Passage2

Wanttoknowmoreaboutglobalwarmingandhowyoucanhelppreventit？DoctorHermanFriedman，whoisconsideredaleadingexpertonthesubject，willspeakatGraysonHallnextFriday.Friedmanstudiedenvironmentalscienceatthreewell-knownuniversitiesaroundtheworldbeforebecomingaprofessiorinthesubject.Hehasalsotraveledaroundtheworldobservingenvironmentalconcerns.Thegradualbleaching（變白）oftheGreatBarrierReef，whichcameintothepubliceyein2002，ishislatestinterest.Signedcopiesofhiscolorfulbook，whichwaspublishedjustlastmonth，willbeonsaleafterhistalk.59.Passage2ismostprobably________.

A.aposteraboutalecture

B.anadforanewbook

C.anotetoadoctorinauniversity

D.anintroductiontoaprofessor安徽真題2011(A篇節(jié)選)斷章取義順應(yīng)段落主旨推斷博士簡介3.推斷預(yù)測內(nèi)容命題形式:Attheendofthepassage,thewritermightcontinuetowrite____.Whichofthefollowingstatementsismostlikelytobetalkedaboutinthe...paragaph?安徽真題2010："74.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedin

the

paragraphthatfollows?"突破方法：確定文章或段落主旨，準(zhǔn)確把握作者的寫作思路安徽真題2011(B篇節(jié)選)..........

Duringthe1970s,

peoplestartedbecomingconcernedaboutthepollutionthatiscreatedwhencoalandgasareburnedtoproduceelectricity.

Peoplealsorealizedthatthesupplyofcoalandgaswouldnotlastforever.

Then,

windwasrediscovered,

thoughitmeanshighercosts.

Today,

thereisaglobalmovementtosupplymoreandmoreofourelectricitythroughtheuseofwind.63.

Whatwouldtheauthorprobablydiscussinthe

paragraphthat

follows?

A.Theadvantagesofwindpower.

B.Thedesignofwindpowerplants.

C.Theworldwidemovementtosaveenergy.

D.Theglobaltrendtowardsproducingpowerfromwind.人們意識到煤炭和天然氣燃料的弊端魚目混珠無中生有Thewriterthoughtthat______.Accordingtotheauthor______.安徽真題2014:"75.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsAshoka'sprogramcanbedescribedas____"突破方法：注意作者表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞、副詞、動詞及所舉的例子，推斷出作者的弦外之音。命題形式:4.推斷作者觀點和態(tài)度Notes1.中性詞：

uninterested(不感興趣的),neutral(中立的)，sympathetic(同情的),humorous...2.褒義詞：positive,approval,disinterested

,

optimistic,supportive,enthusiastic,admiring,

cautious,useful,interesting...3.貶義詞：negative,disapproval,disgusted

,

pessimistic,critical,ironic,impassive

，indifferent,disappointed...(不感興趣的)(中立的)(同情的)(無私的)(厭惡的)(無動于衷的)(漠不關(guān)心的)

Unfortunately,herworksdidnotattractmuchattentioninthe1930sand1940s,eveninherhomecountry.Herfirstone-womanshowinMexicowasnothelduntil1953.Formorethanadecadeafterherdeathin1954,Kahlo’sworksremainedlargelyunnoticedbytheworld,butinthe1970sherworksbegantogaininternationalfameatlast.

67.Whatisauthor’sattitudetowardKahlo?

A.Devotion

B.Sympathy

C.Worry

D.Encouragement安徽真題2012(C篇節(jié)選)命題形式:(1)考查某處細(xì)節(jié)的寫作意圖Thewriterusestheexampleof…toshowthat_____.Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsto_____.…arementionedinthefirstparagraphto_______.(2)考查整篇文章的寫作目的Thewriter’s

purposeofwritingthispassageisto__.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthisarticle?Inwritingthepassage,theauthorintendsto______.5.推斷寫作目的/意圖突破方法:1.從作者的角度揣摩作者的思路切勿加入自己的想象2.若選項相似難以判斷切記文中出現(xiàn)的句子通常不是答案5.推斷寫作目的/意圖安徽真題2012(A篇節(jié)選)Welcometooneofthelargestcollectionsoffootwear（鞋類）intheworldthatwillmakeyougreenwithenvy.HereattheFootwearMuseumyoucanseeexhibits（展品）fromallovertheworld.YoucanfindoutaboutshoeswornbyeveryonefromtheAncientEgyptianstopopstars.........59.Thepurposeofthetextistogetmorepeopleto.A.doresearch

B.designshoes

C.visitthemuseumD.followcelebrities總起段推斷題主要分類1.

推斷隱含意義2.推斷文章出處/讀者3.推斷預(yù)測內(nèi)容

4.推斷作者觀點和態(tài)度5.推斷寫作目的/意圖Conclusion:

Today,professorsroutinelytreattheprogressiveinterpretationofhistoryandprogressivepublicpolicyasthepropersubjectofstudywhileportrayingconservativeorclassicalliberalideas—suchasfreemarkets,self-relianceandadistrustofcentralplanning,andsometimeslegitimate,inte