語(yǔ)法：動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)

The–ingformastheSubjectandObjectGrammarHaveyoueverseenthesesigns?parking,spitting,littering,smoking-ingforms動(dòng)詞-ing形式由動(dòng)詞加-ing變化而成,在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。1.Sincethen,findingwaystogrowmorericehasbeenhislifegoal.2.Hesawthegreatneedforincreasingthericeoutput.3.DrYuansearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthefields.4.Hedoesn’tcareaboutbeingfamous.5.Heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic,playingmah-jong,swimmingandreading.6.Spendingmoneyonhimselforleadingacomfortablelifealsomeansverylittletohim.7.Justdreamingforthings,however,costsnothing.8.DrYuanawokefromhisdreamwiththehopeofproducingakindofricethatcouldfeedmorepeople.findingwaystogrowmorericeincreasingthericeoutputexpandingtheareaofthefields.beingfamouslisteningtoviolinmusic,playingmah-jong,swimmingreadingSpendingmoneyonhimselfleadingacomfortablelifedreamingforthingsproducingakindofrice主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)

動(dòng)詞-ing形式不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ),但可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)一、v-ing形式作主語(yǔ)表示經(jīng)常的、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。如：Walkingisagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.Going

to

Hangzhoubytraintakesabout16hours.Asking

awoman’sageisimpoliteinourcountry.學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)外語(yǔ)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)非常有用。Learningaforeignlanguageisveryusefultous.收集信息對(duì)生意人來(lái)說(shuō)非常重要。Collectinginformationisveryimportanttobusinessmen.眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。Seeingisbelieving.用it作形式主語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般常用todo作真正主語(yǔ)，如

ItisimportanttolearnEnglish.但在以下句型中，常用doing作真正主語(yǔ)

nousenogood

Itisuselessdoingsthawasteoftimeworthwhile和他爭(zhēng)辯是沒(méi)有用的。(use)Itisnousearguingwithhim.談?wù)撨@樣無(wú)用的事情簡(jiǎn)直是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。

It’sawasteoftime

talking

aboutsuchauselessthing.討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題是值得。Itisworthwhile

discussing

theproblem.二、v-ing用作賓語(yǔ)1.作介詞賓語(yǔ)我向你道歉,剛才對(duì)你那樣生氣。Iapologizetoyou

for

being

soangrywithyou.她對(duì)在我們公司工作感到很滿(mǎn)意。Sheisverysatisfiedwith

working

inourcompany．下列短語(yǔ)中的to都是介詞,所以后面跟名詞或v-ing形式:devote…to,objectto(反對(duì))payattentionto,getdownto(著手做…),leadto(導(dǎo)致),lookforwardto,stickto(堅(jiān)持),beusedto(習(xí)慣于)等。2.作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)1).有些動(dòng)詞只能后接v-ing作賓語(yǔ),常見(jiàn)的有avoid,advise,consider,enjoy,keep,finish,suggest,dislike,delay,escape,imagine,mind,miss,practise,risk,admit,appreciate,giveup,putoff,cannothelp,cannotstand等。你是否考慮過(guò)買(mǎi)輛新車(chē)?Haveyouconsideredbuyinganewcar?我們必須設(shè)法避免犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。Wemusttrytoavoidmakingthesamemistake．人們?nèi)滩蛔〕靶δ莻€(gè)愚蠢的人。Peoplecan’t

help

laughingatthefoolishman．

2)有些動(dòng)詞既可接v-ing又可接todo作賓語(yǔ),且意義上沒(méi)有太大不同。常見(jiàn)的有:begin,start,continue,like,love,prefer,hate等。3)有些動(dòng)詞既可接v-ing又可接todo作賓語(yǔ),但意義不同。forgettodo忘記要做…forgetdoing忘記做過(guò)…forget,remember,regret,try,mean,goon,stop我記得我已把信寄了。Irememberpostingtheletter．我會(huì)記著去寄信的。I’llremember

to

posttheletter．我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記見(jiàn)到過(guò)那位著名作家。Ishallneverforget

seeingthefamouswriter．不要忘了給你母親寫(xiě)信。

Don’tforget

to

writetoyourmother．我真后悔沒(méi)趕上那次報(bào)告會(huì)。Ireallyregret

missingthereport．我遺憾地告訴你我不能接受你的建議。

Iregret

to

sayIcan’ttakeyouradvice．我們必須設(shè)法及時(shí)把一切搞好。

Wemusttrytogeteverythingdoneintime．我們用別的方法做這工作試試。

Let’stry

doingtheworkinsomeotherway．我并不想叫你生氣。Ididn’tmean

to

makeyouangry．你的計(jì)劃意味著要花費(fèi)幾個(gè)小時(shí)。

Yourplanwouldmean

spendinghours．請(qǐng)接著做這同一個(gè)練習(xí)。Pleasegoondoingthesameexercise．請(qǐng)做另外一個(gè)練習(xí)。Pleasego

on

to

dotheotherexercise．Westopped

talking．我們停止了交談。Westopped

to