上外課件：Unit 01-A (第六冊(cè),英語(yǔ)綜合教程,外教社)

Unit1

TechnologyinReverse

TextExplanationPartIAbouttheAuthorRobertJacobSamuelson(bornDecember23,1945)isacontributingeditorofNewsweekandTheWashingtonPostwherehehaswrittenaboutbusinessandeconomicissuessince1977.Hiscolumnsappearinbothpublications.HisarticlesalsoappearintheLosAngelesTimes,TheBostonGlobe,andotherinfluentialnewspapers.TextStructureSection1:

Paragraph1Section2:Paragraphs2-4Section3:Paragraph5Section4:Paragraph6Section5:

Paragraph7Section6:Paragraph8Section7:Paragraph9Section8:Paragraphs10-11TextAnalysisInPara1theauthordefines"retardedtechnology.InPara2-4hecomparese-bookswith"old-fashioned"booksinanattempttoshowthedisadvantagesoftheformer.Para5offersathirdexamplethatprovesthat"retardedtechnologycreatesnewandexpensivewaysofdoingthingsthatwereoncedonesimplyandinexpensively".Para6expressestheauthor'sdoubtaboutthepro-technologytheory.Para7classifiestechnologicalinnovationsaseitherusefulorwasteful.Parag8exploresthereasonwhypeoplearefrivolousaboutretardedtechnology.Para9implieshowpeopledenytheirfrivolity.Para10-11providetheconclusionParagraph1Bycontrast,retardedtechnologycreatesnewandexpensivewaysofdoingthingsthatwereoncedonesimplyandinexpensively.Worse,itencouragesustodothingsthatdon'tneeddoingatall.Ithasmade

waste

respectable,elaborate,alluringandevenfun.retard(v.)slowthegrowthordevelopmentof,causetomovemoreslowlyoroperateataslowerrateColdweatherretardsthegrowthofthecrops.寒冷的天氣妨礙了莊稼生長(zhǎng)。Lackofsunretardsplantgrowth.光照不足則植物生長(zhǎng)緩慢。retarded(adj.)relativelyslowinmentaloremotionalorphysicaldevelopment

efficiently(adv.)inanefficientmannerefficient+ly---efficientlyantonym:deficientlyThepolicehandlethetrafficveryefficiently.警察把交通管得井井有條。Inordertoefficientlymanagesuchextensivequantityofdata,theprogramofferanotherexcitingnewfeature.為了高效地管理這么大量的數(shù)據(jù)，程序提供了另外一個(gè)令人激動(dòng)的新特征。effective,efficienteffective:有效用的。Histeachingwasnotveryeffective.他的教學(xué)效果不好。//Thenewinterestratebecomeseffectivenextmonth.新的利率下個(gè)月開(kāi)始生效//Thismedicine,takenintime,canbeveryeffective.這種藥如果及時(shí)吃會(huì)很有效。//Myheadacheismuchbetter.Thosetabletsreallyareeffective.我的頭疼好多了，那些藥片的確很有效。efficient:效率高的，(可指人)。Heneedsanefficientsecretary他需要一個(gè)高效率的秘書(shū)。//Thedieselengineishighlyefficient.這臺(tái)柴油機(jī)效率很高。//Ourefficientnewmachinesaremuchcheapertorun.我們高效率的新機(jī)器開(kāi)起來(lái)要便宜得多。respectable(adj.)characterizedbyproperbehaviororconventionalconduct;worthyofrespect//deservingofesteemandrespect//largeinamountorextentordegreeIt'snotrespectabletobedrunkonthestreet.在大街上醉倒是不體面的。Heisarespectableman.他是個(gè)受人尊敬的人。Westillhavearepsectableamountoffoodsupply.我們的食物還相當(dāng)充足。elaborate(v.)adddetails,astoanaccountoridea;clarifythemeaningofanddiscourseinalearnedway,usuallyinwriting;(adj.)markedbycomplexityandrichnessofdetail;developedorexecutedwithcareandinminutedetailOrthodoxChristianchurchesoftenhaveelaboratesteeples.傳統(tǒng)的基督教堂都有精致的尖塔。Thecurtainshadanelaboratepatternofflowers窗簾上繪有精美的花卉圖案。Whatyou'vetoldmeofyourplansoundsmostinteresting;wouldyoucaretoelaborateit?你給我講的這個(gè)計(jì)劃很有意思，你能詳細(xì)地談一談嗎？alluring(adj.)activeorexcitingYetanotherofPluto'salluringfeaturesisitsbizarreatmosphere.冥王星另一誘人的特色，是其詭異的大氣層。IfNature'sparadisesoundsalluring,makeapointofvisitingSouthIsland.如果大自然中的天堂聽(tīng)起來(lái)讓你覺(jué)得有吸引力，那么別忘了到南島去玩一玩。Paragraph2Ontheonehand,youcanbuya$900or$9,000book-readingcomputerthatyoucanfeedwith$20discsofyourfavoritebooks.Ifyoutakeittothebeach,itgetscloggedwithsand.Ifitslipsoffthekitchencounter,itsamshes.boom(n.)astateofeconomicprosperity;(v.)growstrongerTheeconomywasbooming.Theaftermathofthewarwasnotaboom,butaruraldepression.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的結(jié)果不是繁榮和興旺，而是農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的不景氣。Thebabyboomcreatedabulgeinschoolenrollment.生育高峰造成學(xué)校入學(xué)人數(shù)的暴漲。customized(adj.)madeaccordingtorequirements;madeaccordingtothespecificationsofanindividualThecompanyprovidescustomizedprocessingofvariousexternalaccessories.本公司對(duì)外提供定制加工各種配件。Thewordcustomizedreferstoaproduct/servicewhichismadetoacustomer'sspecification.“定做”一詞指的是按照顧客要求的規(guī)格制作產(chǎn)品或提供服務(wù)。swell

(adj.)verygoodorpleasant;(v.)increaseinsize,magnitude,number,orintensityHereisanswellideaofretardedtechnology!Addalittleoiltothepan,continuetobakeuntiltheeggsinsidethecakeswell.在鍋里加一點(diǎn)油，繼續(xù)烘烤直到里面的雞蛋膨脹開(kāi)來(lái)。cumbersome(adj.)difficulttohandleoruseespeciallybecauseofsizeorweight;notelegantorgracefulinexpressionIt'srathercumbersomehavingtocarryallthesecasesaround.把這些箱子都帶著走動(dòng)是件相當(dāng)麻煩的事。Yourarticleistoocumbersome.Lopoffthoserepeatedandemptywords.你的文章太冗長(zhǎng)了。把那些重復(fù)的，空洞的話都刪掉。clogbecomeorcausetobecomeobstructed;impedethemotionof,aswithachainoraburdenDon'tclog(up)yourmindwithuselessinformation.不要讓你的頭腦被無(wú)用的訊息所阻礙。"Additonally,"besuretouseskin-careproductsthatwon'tclogyourpores.另外“你要確定你用的護(hù)膚產(chǎn)品不會(huì)堵塞你的毛孔。”smashbreakintopieces,asbystrikingorknockingover;hitviolentlyIncaseofemergency,smashtheglasscoverandpressthebutton.遇到緊急情況時(shí)，擊碎玻璃罩并摁下按鈕。TheBeatleshadmoresmashhitsthananyrockbandinhistory.披頭四是有史以來(lái)出最多暢銷(xiāo)歌曲的搖滾樂(lè)隊(duì)。Paragraph3Ontheotherhand,youcanbuyanold-fashionedbook.Ifyoudon'tlikeit,youcanstopreadingwithouthatingyourselfforeverbuyingit.Lostingitisnotatraumatizingevent.fragiledurableexistingforalongtime;verylonglastingItcallsforadurablesolutioninthearea.在該地區(qū)需要一個(gè)持久的解決方法。Wemustmakeadurablepeace.我們必須締造持久的和平。

PresidentBushstressedonceagainthatwhilehewouldliketoseetheviolenceend,anycease-firemustbedurableandrespectedbyall.布什總統(tǒng)再次強(qiáng)調(diào)，雖然他希望暴力沖突結(jié)束，但是任何?；鸨仨毷悄軌虺志玫?，而且受到所有各方的尊重。traumatize(v.)inflictatraumaupontrauma(n.)anyphysicaldamagetothebodycausedbyviolenceoraccidentorfractureetc.//anemotionalwoundorshockoftenhavinglong-lastingeffectsOkwellhaveyouthoughtabouthowthiscouldtraumatizeBenandCarol?好吧！你有沒(méi)有想過(guò)這會(huì)傷害本和卡羅爾的心？Thesepeoplehastheserioustraumaduetotheearthquake.這些人因?yàn)榈卣鹗艿絿?yán)重的精神創(chuàng)傷。Paragraph4Thepro-technologycomebackisthatcomputerswillsomedaycompressentirelibrariesontochipsordiscsand,thereby,openvastvistasofinformationtoalmostanyone.Finally,there'scommonsense:domostpeoplereallyneedaccessto,say,theentirecollectionoftheNewYorkPulblicLibrary?compressmakemorecompactbyorasifbypressing;squeezeorpresstogetherTheyusedanaircompressortotakeinatmosphericair,compressit,andforceitintothecabin.他們用一臺(tái)空氣壓縮機(jī)把大氣中的空氣吸進(jìn)來(lái)，加以壓縮，然后送入船艙。Itcanbeusedtocompressapackage,makingmorecargofitinacarrier.它可以用來(lái)壓緊包裹，使得一件行李中裝進(jìn)更多的東西。vistathevisualperceptofaregionHecouldseethroughthewindowsavistaofgreenfields.透過(guò)窗戶(hù)他可以看到碧綠的田野風(fēng)光。Thisdiscoveryopenupnewvistaofresearchforbiologist.這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為生物學(xué)家展示了新的研究前景。Thedaysstretchoutinanendlessvista.時(shí)日在無(wú)窮的展望中延展著.arithmetic(n.)thebranchofpuremathematicsdealingwiththetheoryofnumericalcalculations,算術(shù)(adj.)relatingtoorinvolvingarithmeticOthermathematicsbranches:Algebra代數(shù),Geometry幾何,

Calculous

微積分,simultaneously(adv.)atthesameinstantOnlyhumanshaveabrainbigenoughtodothissimultaneouslyanddoitwell.只有人類(lèi)的腦袋夠大，同時(shí)去做這多樣?xùn)|西，而且做得很好。Everythingintheuniverseexistsatonetimesimultaneously.宇宙中的一切在一個(gè)時(shí)間內(nèi)同時(shí)存在。Thismakespeoplealmostreceiveinformationsimultaneouslyorintime.這使人們幾乎得以同時(shí)或即刻收到訊息。terminalelectronicequipmentconsistingofadeviceprovidingaccesstoacomputer;hasakeyboardanddisplay終端；stationwheretransportvehiclesloadorunloadpassengersorgoods終點(diǎn)"DatasentbetweentheTerminalserverandtheclientcanbeencryptedforsecurity."終端服務(wù)器和客戶(hù)端之間發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)可以加密以確保安全。YourTerminalServerclientlicensenumberiscurrentlybeingusedbyanotheruser.你的終端服務(wù)器客戶(hù)許可證目前正在被另一個(gè)用戶(hù)使用。bottleneck(n.)thenarrowpartofabottlenearthetop;anarrowingthatreducestheflowthroughachannel;(v.)slowdownorimpedebycreatinganobstructionHislazinesshasbottleneckedoureffortstoreformthesystem..Howeveritisthebottleneckthatrestrainsmedicalimageapplicationinclinicalpractice.accesstherighttoenter;therighttoobtainormakeuseofortakeadvantageofsomething(asservicesormembership);awayofenteringorleavingCheckyouraccesspermissionsonthisresource.檢查您對(duì)該資源的訪問(wèn)權(quán)限。Thiswizardwillletyouchangeaccesstoasharedfolder.使用該向?qū)Э筛膶?duì)共享文件夾的訪問(wèn)權(quán)限。Thisresortiseasilyaccessiblebyroad,railandair.Paragraph5Insteadofa10-centpressreleasethattooktwodaystoprepareand29centstomail,Igeta$4.50tapethatcost$2tomailandtwomonthstoprepare.ToviewthemwouldrequirefindingaVCRandwastingfiveto10minuteswatching.bombardthrowbombsatorattackwithbombs;addresswithcontinuouslyorpersistently,asifwithabarrageThereportersbombardthepresidentwithquestionsabouthiseconomicpolicy.新聞?dòng)浾咛岢鲈S多有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的問(wèn)題圍攻總統(tǒng)Thenewjournalisbombardedwithlettersofcriticismfromthesubscribers.訂閱者的批評(píng)信使這份新雜志感到措手不及。promotionaloforrelatingtoservingaspublicity;oforrelatingtoadvancementPerhapsIcouldsendyousomepromotionalmaterialonHangzhou.也許我可以給你寄一些介紹杭州的旅游資料。Bettyproposedanewpromotionaladcampaignthatshouldboostsales.貝蒂提出了一個(gè)新的可以推進(jìn)銷(xiāo)售的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)性廣告活動(dòng)。tosstheactofflippingacoin;tothrowsomethingcarelesslytossandturn翻來(lái)覆去難以入睡；輾轉(zhuǎn)反側(cè)Iwouldtossthemintothesea.我會(huì)把它們統(tǒng)統(tǒng)地扔進(jìn)大海。Let'stossupwhoplaysfirst.我們來(lái)擲硬幣決定誰(shuí)先玩吧。Elsewhere,itisatoss-up.在別處，這是碰運(yùn)氣的事。Paragraph6Iamnotabouttoarguethatalltechnologyisbad.Oursisaneraofconspicuoustechnologicalupheaval.Butthepurportedgainsofnewtechnology--risingincomes,greaterproductivity--seemtoeludeus....thecomputerrevolution,whosefullbenefitswillsoonburstuponus.conspicuousobvioustotheeyeormind;withoutanyattemptatconcealment;completelyobviousHewasconspicuousamonghiscolleagues.他在同事中是出類(lèi)拔萃的。Thebuildingisconspicuousforitsstyle.這個(gè)建筑風(fēng)格獨(dú)特，很顯眼。Onlyunderthedualguidanceofschoolandfamilycanconspicuouseffectsbeachieved.只有在學(xué)校和家長(zhǎng)的雙重引導(dǎo)下,才能產(chǎn)生顯著的效果。upheavalastateofviolentdisturbanceanddisorder(asinpoliticsorsocialconditionsgenerally);aviolentdisturbanceMassunemploymentmayleadtosocialupheaval.大批失業(yè)會(huì)導(dǎo)致社會(huì)動(dòng)亂。ItwasfacedwiththegreatestsocialupheavalsinceWorldWarll.它面臨第二次世界大戰(zhàn)以來(lái)最大的社會(huì)動(dòng)亂。Manyyearsago,Johnsonfacedamajorupheavalinhislife.許多年前，約翰遜遭遇生命中的劇變。purportedcommonlyputforthoracceptedastrueoninconclusivegroundsApurportedbiographyofhimisafake.“所謂的有關(guān)他的傳記是偽造的?！盩heletterpurportedtobefromthegovernor.據(jù)稱(chēng),該信來(lái)自州長(zhǎng)。purport(v.)proposeorintendHisplansarenotwhattheypurporttobe.他的計(jì)劃并不如他們所聲稱(chēng)的那樣。eludeescape,eitherphy