lesson 6 從天窗中消失（課堂PPT）

Lesson6

DisappearingThroughtheSkylight從天窗中消失

OsborneB.HardisonJr.小奧斯本·本內(nèi)特·哈迪森1O.B.Hardison,Jr.(1928-1990)

2O.B.Hardison,Jr.O.B.Hardison,Jr.(1928-1990)BorninSanDiego,Californiain1928.1949→B.A.ChapelHill1950→M.A.Princeton&theUniversityofNorthCarolinahebecameUniversityProfessorofEnglish

atGeorgetownin1984.3O.B.Hardison,Jr.numerousbooksandarticlesLyricsandElegies(1958)：TheEnduringMonument(1962)EnglishLiteraryCriticism:TheRenaissance(1964)TowardFreedomandDignity:TheHumanitiesandtheIdeaofHumanity(1973),EnteringtheMaze:IdentityandChangeinModernCulture(1981)andDisappearingThroughtheSkylight(1989/1990).4O.B.Hardison,Jr.

Well-knownforhisprofoundinsightsintothechangeinmodernculturebroughtaboutbymodernscienceandtechnology.Hisprovocativeviewsarestimulatingandinformative.5EnteringtheMaze:IdentityandChangeinModernCultureInthisbook,Hardisonbeginstoreviewthewaysinwhichthecentralconceptsinnature,history,language,art,andhumanevolutionshavechangedundertheimpactofmodernscienceandtechnology.6DisappearingThroughtheSkylight:CultureandTechnologyintheTwentiethCentury7DisappearingThroughtheSkylight

Themetaphoricalphrase“DisappearingThroughtheSkylight”isusedtodescribethechangedappearanceofmodernbankswhichseemtobedisappearing.8MainviewsinthiskeychapterThewriterputsforwardthecentralthemeof“disappearance”–naturedisappears,historydisappearsandeventhesolidbanksdisappears.(CentralTheme)Heputsforwardtheideaoftheuniversalizingtendencyofscienceandtechnology.(Theuniversalizingeffectandreflectionisworldstyles.)9Mainviewsinthiskeychapter3.Themodernmanisnolongerauniqueindividual,theproductofaspecialenvironmentandculture.Thehomogeneousworldhenowlivesinuniversalizeshim.Hebecomesacosmopolitan,acitizenoftheworld.10OrganizationalpatternThechapterisclearlyandlogicallyorganized.Theauthor’sviewsarepresentedatthebeginningofaparagraph:scienceiscommittedtotheuniversalanddevelopedorillustratedintheparagraphitselforbysucceedingparagraphs.

Majorexamples1)automobileindustry(para2—8)2)modernart(para9—13)3)modernculture(para.14-15)4)architectofbanks(16—19)11Detailedstudyofthetext12RhetoricaldevicesMetaphorAnalogyRhetoricalquestionRepetitionBalancedstructure…Task:Trytofindexamplesofeachrhetoricaldeviceusedinthetext.13Scientificwriting

sentences:a)completenocontractions(dep't--department)b)long1)compoundsentences2)appositions3)parenthesis4)logicalconnectorssuchas:however;but;also;yet;finally;while;as;notonly;justas...so;etc.14Languagefeatures1.ExhibitingcertainfeaturesofscientificEnglish1)scientificandtechnicalterms2)shortsentences/simplepresenttense2.Theuseoffigurativelanguagetoreachawideraudience.Metaphors,analogies,rhetoricalquestions,repetitionandbalancedstructure3.Clear,concise,objectiveandlogical15inthefullnessoftime:

attheappropriateorrighttime；eventually在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r候，時機(jī)成熟時，終于

例：I’msurehe’lltelluswhat’sbotheringhiminthefullnessoftime.我肯定他會在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r候告訴我們他的困擾的。16mutation(n.):achange，asinform，nature，qualities，etc.(在形式、本質(zhì)等上)變化

mutation

A.relation

B.change

C.addition

D.reduction

17discredit(v.):rejectasuntrue；disbelieve不相信；懷疑

discredit

A.doubt

B.disgrace

C.believe

D.disappear

18discreditdiscredit:tomakesthstopbelievingthatsthistrue---discreditable:badandunacceptable,causingpeopletoloserespectCf.Creditbelief;trust;confidencetobelieveoradmitthatsomeonehasaquality,orhasdonesomethinggood…creditable:deservingpraiseorapproval

19corollary(n.):aninferenceordeduction推理，推論

corollary

A.connection

B.structure

C.harmony

D.consequence

20homogeneous(adj.):ofthesameraceorkind同類的，同族的

A.phonetic

B.uniform

C.unidentified

D.linguistic

21imperative(n.):abindingorcompellingrule，duty,requirement，etc．規(guī)則；義務(wù)；要求；必須履行的責(zé)任

imperative

A.unabletofolloworriseup

B.impossibletodeterorevade

C.abletochangeorstop

D.likelytooccurordevelop

22reminisce(v.):think，talk，orwriteaboutrememberedeventsorexperiences追憶往事；懷舊

.reminisce

A.reinforce

B.recollect

C.recover

D.response

23Reminisce~(aboutsth/sb)tothink,talkorwriteaboutahappytimeinyourpast;totalkorthinkaboutpleasanteventsinyourpast.Wespenttheeveningreminiscingaboutouruniversitydays.Heiswritinghisreminiscences.Thenovelcontainsendlessreminiscencesof/abouttheauthor'syouth.Yourreminiscencesaretheexperiencesyourememberfromthepast,oftenwritteninabook.回憶,緬懷往事24機(jī)器美學(xué)

機(jī)器美學(xué):其含義有三方面：其一，建筑應(yīng)象機(jī)器一樣符合實(shí)際的功用，強(qiáng)調(diào)功能和形式之間的邏輯關(guān)系，反對附加裝飾；其二，建筑象機(jī)器那樣可以放置在任何地方，強(qiáng)調(diào)建筑風(fēng)格的普遍適應(yīng)性；其三，建筑應(yīng)象機(jī)器那樣高效，強(qiáng)調(diào)建筑和經(jīng)濟(jì)之間的關(guān)系?？虏嘉饕摹胺课菔蔷幼〉臋C(jī)器”就是基于這種思想而提出的。機(jī)器美學(xué)追求機(jī)器造型中的簡潔、秩序和幾何形式以及機(jī)器本身所體現(xiàn)出來的理性和邏輯性，以產(chǎn)生一種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的、純而又純的模式。其視覺表現(xiàn)一般是以簡單立方體及其變化為基礎(chǔ)的，強(qiáng)調(diào)直線、空間、比例、體積等要素，并拋棄一切附加的裝飾。在機(jī)器美學(xué)被實(shí)際應(yīng)用到機(jī)器本身之前，首先在建筑和一些實(shí)用藝術(shù)品上得到體現(xiàn)。在這里，對于機(jī)器的興趣不如說是對于簡單、抽象形式的興。25Machineaesthetics26LeCorbusier(1887-1965)

Designs27

PhilipJohnson'sAt&THeadquarters(nowtheSONYBuilding)isoftencitedasanexampleofpostmodernism.

28"Irememberatime...wheneveryartistthoughtheowedittohimselftoturnhisbackontheEiffelTower,asaprotestagainstthearchitecturalblasphemywithwhichitfilledthesky....Thediscoveryandrehabilitationof...machinessoongeneratedpropositionswhichevadedalltradition,aboveall,amobile,extrahumanplasticitywhichwasabsolutelynew....”

"我記得有一個時期……每一位藝術(shù)家表示對埃菲爾鐵塔的蔑視，譴責(zé)這座污染天空，褻瀆神明的建筑是自己義不容辭的責(zé)任……機(jī)器……的發(fā)明與發(fā)展很快就提出了一些傳統(tǒng)思維完全無法解決的命題，一種全新的、靈活的、超出人的理解力的可塑性……"

29

Thevaultshavebeenreplacedbymagnetictapes.Inacomp