交變電流教學教材

交變電流PPT三年級下冊口算題大全97104三年級下冊口算題大全97104

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英語技能大賽筆試模擬題2英語技能大賽筆試模擬題2

英語技能大賽筆試模擬題22015年全國職業(yè)院校技能大賽中職組職業(yè)英語技能賽選拔賽在線測評試題PartIListening聽力（20%）SectionA(10%)Inthissection,youwillheartenshortdialoguesandquestions.TherearethreepicturesmarkedA,B,Cforeachquestion.Choosetheonethatbestanswersthequestion.Eachdialogueandquestionwillbereadjustonceandyouwillhave15secondsforeachquestion.(在本節(jié)中，你將聽到10個段對話和相應的問題，每道題配有A、B、C三幅圖片，選出與題目內(nèi)容相符合的一幅圖片。每個對話和題目讀一遍，每題有15秒鐘的作答時間。)WhatdidTanghuadolastweekend?A.B.C.2.WhatisJohnlookingfor??????????ABC3.WhatdidBenusetodoonweekends??????ABC4.HowdoesTomlearnEnglish?ABC5.HowdoesMr.Huanggotowork? ABC6.WhatdidTomdolastSaturday?A.B.C.WhatisMary?A.B.C.8.Whatwilltheboybuy?A.B.C.9.WhichdoesPeternotdoontheInternet?A.B.C.10.Whatwilltheboydonext?A.B.C.SectionB(5%)Inthissection,youwillhearadialogue.Afterthedialogue,fivequestionswillbeasked.TherearethreechoicesmarkedA,B,Cforeachquestion.Choosetheonethatbestanswersthequestion.Thedialogueandquestionswillbereadjustonceandyouwillhave15secondsforeachquestion.(在本節(jié)中，你將聽到1段對話和5個相應的問題，每道題配有A、B、C三個選項，選出與題目內(nèi)容相符合的一個答案。對話和每個問題讀一遍，每題有15秒鐘的作答時間。)11．Wheredidthewomanloseherbag?A.OnthebusB.inthetowncenterC.inheroffice12.Howmuchmoneywasinthebag?A.About￡50.???????B.About￡20.????????????C.About￡4013.Whatelsewasinthebag?A.Amobilephone.?????B.Awatch.??????????C.Acarkey14.Whattimedidthewomanloseherbag?A.Atabout9:30.??????B.Atabout12:00.???C.Atabout10:0015.Whatisthewoman'sphonenumber?A.3625091.????????????B.3602951.??????????C.6320591SectionC(5%)Inthissection,youwillhearadialogue.Afterthedialogue,arrangethefollowingactivities.(聽對話，按照對話中的日程安排給下列活動排序。）a.hetookashowerb.hewasgoingbaldc.startedcuttinghishaird.Hespreadanewspapere.Itwastimeforahaircut1620Pleaseselectthecorrectsequence:__________________c--b--e--d--aB.e--b--d--c--aC.c--b--a--e--dD.b--a--d--e--cE.e--c--b--d--aPartⅡReading閱讀（80%）SectionA(20%)Inthissection,youwillread20shortdialoguesorsentences.ChoosefromA,B,andCthechoicethatbestcompletesthedialogueorsentence.(在本節(jié)中，你將讀到20個短對話或句子，從A、B、C三個選項中選出能夠補全對話或句子的最恰當?shù)倪x項。)（）21.ThisisSam.Icalledyoulastnight,buttherewasnoreply.IboughtsomethingformytriptoGuangzhou.A.MyplanewilltakeoffnextTuesday.B.I’llstaythereforaweek..C.Iwasshoppingatthattime.()22.IamwritingChapter3nowA.Whatdidyoudo?B.Whatareyouupto?C.Whathaveyouwritten?()23.ThenewCFOwassenttobringthecompanyoutofthered.

A.Thatgood!B.I’msorrytohearthat.C.Yourcompanyisgood!()24.Youhaveaheadache.Iwantto.ButIhavemanyworkstodo.A.Youneeddrinkmorewarmwater.B.Youneedhavesomemedicine.C.Youneedasickleavefortwodays.()25.Whyyoulooksosad?

Ijustheardthatsevenpeoplearegoingbelaidoffnextmonth.Iamonlyaregular9-to-5er.Irefusetoworkovertimeduringtheweekend.()26.YourT-shirtscaneasilyfindamarketintheeasternpartofourcountry.

A.Wearedoingasmuchaspossibletoopenupanoutlet.B.TheT-shirthasbeenabestsellerfornearlyoneyear.C.Thereisapoormarketforthesearticles.()27.Wehaveagreedonalltermsinthecontract.Shallwesignitnextweek?

A.Yes,wehaveagreedonallterms.B.Sorry!Ihavenotimeatnextweek.C.Thecontactisgoodforourcompany.()28.Willyouplease

repeat

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A.Ok,s-a-r-aSara.Areyouclear?B.Iamsorrytokeepyouwaiting.C.His

extension

numberis285.()29.Don'tyoueverlookatthemessagespostedonthebulletinboard?Yes,Theypostedacopyofthememointhebreak-room.B.I'msurethememonevergottomyin-box.C.Ididn’tfindthemessage.()30.Hello,Mr.Burton,thisisJennyJenkinsofBradfordandSonsreturningyourcall.

Hello,thisisBradfordandSons.Hello,mayIspeaktoJennyJenkins.YesMs.Jenkins,thankyouforreturningmycall.()31Whichofthefollowingsignscanbeseenonthedoorofashoppingmall?B.C.D.()32.LastmonthMrs.Blarespentthemostmoneyon________.A.vegetables B.bakery C.dairy()33.Tobuythemovietickets,wehavetopay_______.A.$1bookingfeeforeach B.$9foreach C.$17foreach()34._________can’tturnrightfrom5a.m.to9a.m.onweekdays.A.Cars B.Buses C.Residents()35.Parents’favoriteextracurricularcoursesfortheirkindergartenchildrenis________.A.Art B.Math C.English()36.Mrs.Lindahadorderedalotoffoods.Sheshouldspend________onthem.

()37Thispicturewarnspeoplenotto________whentheydrinkbeer.A.drive B.play C.buyacar()38.Thisadmeansthatyoumaygeta________ifyoudrinkthecola.A.prize B.cork C.bottle()39.TWhichofthefollowingistrue?A.Kaharaislookingforababysitter.B.KaharaisintheUpperHighwayArea.C.Kaharacharges$50perhourforchild’sparty.40.Thesigntellsyouthat_________.A.youcanleavefromhere B.youcangetinfromhereC.youcanenterfromhere

SectionB(10%)Inthissection,youwillread2dialogues.Foreachblank,choosefromA,B,C,DandEtheexpressionthatbestcompletesthedialogue.（在本節(jié)中，你將讀到2段對話，從A，B，C，D，E五個選項中選出能夠補全對話的最恰當?shù)倪x項。）Dialogue1A.sufferfromB.nolongerC.balanceddietD.strictrulesE.essentialnutrients

A：Healthisveryimportantforourbody.Andhealthyfoodsplaysaveryimportantroleinit.So,whatdoyouthinkisahealthydiet?B：Ahealthydietshouldcontainallthe______41______.A：Howcouldpeopleeliminatefoodcontaminationnowadays?B：Thegovernmentshouldset_____42____andregulationstostandardizetheproductionoffoodandpunishseverelythoseviolators.A：Whydoesfoodcontaminationoccurfrequentlythesedays?B：Becausethefoodmanufacturesaresoobsessedwithmakingmoneythattheylosethebusinessethics.They_____43_____takefoodsafetyastheirpriority.A：Whydomanypeople_____44_____heartdiseaserecently?B：Isupposeitisbecausetheimprovedlivingconditionsprovidepeoplewithmorerefinedgrainandmeat.Consequently,peoplehaveanexcessiveamountoffatwhichleadstoheartdisease.A：What’syoureatinghabit?B：Ihavea_____45_____andIalwayshavemealsinaregularway.A：Howdoyoukeepfit?B：IamnotparticularaboutfoodandIoftendoexerciseaslongasIhavefreetime.Dialogue2A.effectmeasuresB.thewayoflifeC.enterintoD.theGreatDepressionE.developedcountries.

A:Weallknowthatinthepastcoupleofyears,thefinancialcrisisattractedtheworldwideattention,forit'stheworseeconomicrecessionsince_____46____inthe1930sandnocountryissparedfromthecurrentcrisis,ithadmoresevereeffectsonthe_____47_____.B:Ibelievethatit'sanaturelinkoftheeconomiccycle.Thereisnoreasondoubtthat,aftertherecession,recoveryandprosperitywouldcomefollow,andthenit_____48_____anothercycle.A:Asthesayinggoes:"Everycoinhasitstwosides."Somebodywentbankrupt,whilesomeotherpeopletakethechance.Forinstancemycousintaketheopportunityboughtasuiteroomwitharathercheapprice.B:Ofcourse,thegovernmentwouldtakesome_____49_____tomitigatetheimpactoftheeconomicandfinancialcrisis.A：Iknow.ItadvisestheAmericanchange_____50______.B：Doyouthinkwhatcausedthefinancialcrisis?A：Ithinkwecansumupthecauseofourcurrenteconomiccrisisinoneword—GREED.SectionC(10%)以下是五個人的旅游愛好，請匹配每個人擬選擇的旅游項目：1.Jonnyiscrazyaboutplantsandanimalsindifferentpartsoftheworld.Hetravelsalotandeachsummerhegoestoadifferentplacetolearnaboutthelocalplantsandwildlife.2．LeoandhisfamilyhavealreadydonedifferentwatersportsinEuropeandsowanttotravelfurtherabroad.Theywouldliketotryanewsportandtheydon’tmindworkinghard.Theyarenotfreetotraveluntilthesummer.3.Ellenenjoysbeingnearwaterbutshedoesn’twanttodoanywatersportsandshedoesn’tlikethecold.Walkinglongdistancesisratherdifficultforher,butshelikesbeingoutsideandseeingwildlife.ShehasalreadybeentoHungary.ShecantravelatanytimebetweenNovemberandJanuary.4.AmyandEricareretiredbuttheyarestillveryactive.Theyenjoywalkingandlookingatscenery.TheywouldliketogosomewherecoolthissummerwhereAmycantakealotofphotos.5.Willisastudentofmarinebiology.Heisalsoaverygoodswimmerandanexperienceddiver.He’slookingforasummerholidaywherehecanlearnaboutanimalsandhelppeople.HewantstostayinEurope.SeakayakinginTurkeyEnjoybeautifulsceneryonTurkey’sTurquoiseCoast.Thewaterisclearandcalmwithtemperaturesof25o–28oinJulyandAugust.Youdon’tneedanypreviouskayakingexperiencetoenjoythistrip.However,youdoneedtobequitefit,asyouwillbeonthewaterfor4–6hoursaday.DivingholidaysinKenyaExperiencedivingandsailingintheIndianOceaninMarchandApril.Enjoywarm,clearwaterandwhite,sandybeaches.Spendallofyourstayononeofouryachts(游艇)withfirst-classserviceandexcellentfood.Exploreremoteandunspoiltreefs,andseeawonderfulrangof?underwater?sealife.C.?Swimming?with?dolphins?in?The?Azores?Islands,?PortugalWould?you?like?to?discover?the?underwater?world?of?the?dolphin??Join?us?in?July?or?August?in?the?clear?waters?around?the?Azores.?You?will?receive?training?from?expert?guides?to?gain?confidence?in?the?water?with?the?animals.?We?often?see?eight?different?species?of?dolphin?during?our?trips.?D.?Gulfoss?Waterfall?in?Iceland?Come?to?Iceland?in?summer?to?see?the?biggest?waterfall?in?Europe.?Gulfoss,?the?‘Golden?Waterfall’?is?a?truly?spectacular?sight.?The?water?from?the?River?Hvítá?and?water?from?glaciers?come?together?and?fall?32m?in?two?stages.?You?can?follow?a?path?quite?close?to?the?falls,?which?provides?wonderful?opportunities?for?photos?and?videos.?Warm?clothing?is?essential.?E.?Plitvice?Lakes,?Croatia?(克羅地亞)?Set?in?a?National?Park,?the?lakes?are?Croatia’s?most?popular?tourist?attraction.?The?beauty?of?the?region?comes?from?the?16?lakes,?waterfalls,?and?areas?of?woodland,?where?deer,?wolves?and?bearscan?be?found.?The?park?is?open?all?year.?There?are?several?walks?for?all?levels?of?fitness.?You?can?also?see?the?park?by?boat?or?bus.?F.?Lake?Balaton,?Hungary?If?you?enjoy?nature,?you?will?love?Lake?Balaton.?Much?of?the?area?around?the?lake?is?part?of?a?protected?National?Park.?We?have?expert?guides?with?knowledge?of?local?plants?and?animals.?That?will?take?you?on?long?walks?around?the?park.?The?marsh?area?of?the?lake?is?home?to?a?wide?number?of?bird?species.SectionD(40%)(閱讀下面短文，請從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案。）PassageOneIfyou’vebeenjoininginchatroomconversations,ortradinge-mailwithnetpals(網(wǎng)友),youhavebecomeoneofthemillionswhowriteinaspecial,shortformofEnglish.Throughouttheworld,everynightchildrenandtheireldersare“talking”online—manyofthemaretalkingatthesametime.It’sfast:tryingtalkingtosixpeopleonce.It’sconvenient:threeorfourwordsperexchange.Ittakescleverness,concentrationandquickfingers.Anditrequiresverysimplelanguage.There’sneithertimenorspaceforexplanations.WhywastevaluabletimetellingsixfriendsyouhavetoleaveforamomenttotakecareofyourlittlebrotherwhenBRB(=berightback)willdo?Wanttoenteraconversation?JusttypePMFJI(=pardonmeforjumpingin).Interestedinwhomyou’retalkingto?TypeA/S/L,thecommonrequesttoknowyourpal’sage,sexandlocation.Youmayget15/M/NYasareplyfromyourpal.Ifsomethingmakesyoulaugh,sayyou’reOTF(=onthefloor),orLOL(=laughingoutloud),orjointhetwointoROTFL(=rollingonthefloorlaughing).10Andwhenit’stimetogetbacktoworkorgotobed,youtypeGTG(=gottogo)orTTYL(=talktoyoulater).Peoplewanttowriteasfastaspossible,andtheywanttogettheirideasacrossasquicklyastheycan.Capitallettersareleftinthedust,exceptwhenexpressingfeeling,asittakesmoretimetoholddownthe“shift”keyandusecapitals.Punctuation(標點)isgoingtoo.6.Thepassagemainlytalksabout___________.A.howtosavemoneyonlineB.howtomakefriendsonlineC.howtousesimplelanguageonlineDWhatacomputercando7.Whenpeopleareonline,theytalkby______.A.usingbodylanguageB.drawingsomestrangepicturesC.makingphonecallsD.makinguseofanespeciallyshortformofEnglish8.Thesentence“There’sneithertimenorspaceforexplanations”meansthat________.A.peopleshouldusewordsproperlyB.peopleshouldknowwhattimeitiswhentheyaretalkingC.peopleonlinehavetoexpressthemselvesinasimplewayD.peopleshouldcommunicateinafunnyway9.Ifyouget17/F/NYasananswertoyourA/S/L,itmeans_________.A.thepeopleontheotherendis17fromNewYorkandheisfineB.youaretalkingtoagirlwhois17andlivesinNewYorkC.youaretalkingto17girlswhoarefromNewYorkD.thepeopleyouaretalkingtoisa17-foottallNewYorkgirl10.Whichofthefollowingisawaytosaveonlinetime?___________.A.Peopleseldomusecapitallettersorpunctuationmarks.B.Manypeopledrawpictures.C.PeopleexpressthemselvesinasimplewayD.NopeopledrawpicturesPassageTwoComputersareveryimportanttomodernlife．Manypeoplethinkthatinthefuturecomputerswillbeusedinlotsofeverydaylife．Itisthoughtthatwewon’thavetogoshoppingbecausewewillbeabletogetmostthingswhicharesoldinshopsontheInternet．Therewillbenomorebooksbecausewewillbeabletogetalltextsfromcomputers．TheInternetwillbeusedtoplaygames,seefilmsandbuyfood．Mosttelephonecallswillbemadebycomputers,too．Somepeoplearegladaboutthosenewwaysofshoppingandcommunicating．Othersdonotthinkthatcomputerswillreplaceouroldways．Somepeoplethinkthatonedaywewillnotreadbooksmadeofpaper.Instead,wewillbuyandreadbooksusingcomputers,whichwillkeepmanydifferentbooksinthematthesametime．Wewon’tneedtoturnlotsofpagesandpaperwillbesaved．Computerizedbookswillbeusedmoreandmore．Whilemanypeoplesayitisapleasuretogointoshopsandlookatthingsyouwanttobuy．Itisalsounlikelythatmanypeoplewillwanttoreadlargetextsonourcomputers.Becausepaperbookswillperhapsbemorefriendly．Maybecomputerswon’tchangethesetwohabits．1.Whichisthemainideaofthispassage?_________.A.PeoplelikegoingshoppingB.ReadingbooksisimportantC.ComputersareimportantD.Computercanbeusedtoplaygames12.Therewillbenomorebooksbecause________.A.Thereisnopaperinthefuture.B.Peopledon’tlikereadingbooks.C.Theyareveryexpensive.D.Wecanreadpassagesfromcomputers.13.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?__________.A.Wecanseefilmsbycomputers.B.Peopleallliketogoshoppingbycomputers.C.Wecan’tbuyanythingusingcomputers.D.Allthepeoplelikereadingbooksfromcomputers.14.Whichofthefollowingismentioned(提到)inthepassage?___________.A.Computerscanhelpuse-mailourfriends.B.Wecanchatbyusingcomputers.C.Computerscanhelpusmaketelephonecalls.D.Wecanlistentothemusicbycomputers.15.Theunderlinedword“communicating(inPara.2)refersto“_________”.A.?buying?goodsB.?exchanging?ideas???C.?taking?exercise???D.?playing?games?PassageThreeAn?Earthship?is?a?home?that?is?built?of?materials?such?as?old?tires?and?aluminum?cans.?It?is?the?ideaof?a?man?named?Michael?Reynolds.?Many?Earthships?are?more?or?less?self-sufficient?because?they?provide?their?own?heat,?air?and?water.?They?often?have?gardens?watered?and?fed?by?wastewater.?They?are?comfortable?and?ecologically?friendly.?The?main?material?used?in?building?Earthships?is?tires.?Tires?are?plentiful?and?can't?be?recycled?like?paper,?plastic,?and?metal.?While?building?supplies?for?most?houses?can?be?very?expensive,?old?used?tires?are?free.?First,?the?tires?are?packed?tightly?with?dirt.?Each?full?tire?weighs?as?much?as?400?pounds.?The?tires?are?then?stacked?like?bricks.?The?walls?are?extremely?strong.?They?also?help?keep?an?even?temperature?in?the?house?(between?60?and?70?degrees)?without?heating?and?cooling?systems.?The?walls?inside?the?Earthship?are?made?of?aluminum?cans?that?are?held?together?by?cement.?Then?they?are?coated?with?adobe?or?stucco.?The?roofs?of?Earthships?are?sloped?so?that?rain?and?snow?run?into?large?tanks.?These?tanks?hold?all?the?water?for?the?house,?and?pumps?push?the?water?through?the?pipes.?Sometimes,?water?flows?in?certain?areas?of?the?house?as?waterfalls!Water?that?has?been?used?is?pumped?out?into?the?gardens?where?owners?grow?much?of?their?own?food.?In?most?of?these?houses,?the?southern?side?has?huge?windows?that?take?in?winter?sunlight?as?a?source?of?heat.?Summer?sun?does?not?come?in?through?the?south?windows,?so?it?doesn't?get?too?hot?in?the?summer.?The?house?also?has?solar?panels?that?gather?energy?for?lights?and?hot?water?and?cooking.?The?Earthships?have?all?the?comforts?of?a?regular?house?without?the?high?cost?of?electric?bills!?In?a?time?when?we?are?running?out?of?energy?resources,?pollution?is?bad,?and?waste?is?piling?up,?Earthships?are?the?best?places?to?live?in.?For?people?who?truly?care?about?the?environment,?Earthships?provide?a?great?alternative?to?traditional?houses.?You?won't?be?giving?up?any?comforts,?and?the?styles?are?attractive.?We?all?hope?that?more?and?more?people?will?build?Earthships?and?take?a?huge?step?toward?helping?the?environment?and?saving?our?planet.16.?What?is?the?main?idea?of?this?passage??A.?Earthships?are?a?good?way?to?live?and?protect?the?environment.????B.?Tanks?hold?water?collected?from?rain?and?snow.?C.?It's?important?to?grow?your?own?food?in?a?vegetable?garden.?????D.?People?who?live?in?Earthships?usually?live?in?the?desert.?17.What?does?the?underlined?word?“They”?in?Paragraph?2?refer?to?A.?Earthships.?????????B.?Tires.???????????????C.?Bricks.????????D.?Walls.?18.?Which?sentence?states?an?opinion??A.?Earthships?are?made?out?of?tires?and?cans.?????B.?Tanks?collect?water?for?use?in?Earthships.?????C.?Earthships?can?help?save?our?planet.???D.?Tires?can't?be?recycled?but?bottles?and?paper?can.?19.?Which?evidence?best?supports?the?idea?that?Earthships?are?environmentally?friendly??????A.?They?were?invented?by?Michael?Reynolds.???B.?Water?that?has?been?used?is?pumped?out?into?the?garden.?C.?Summer?sun?does?not?come?in?through?the?south?windows.?????D.?This?saying?is?becoming?a?reality.?20.?Which?statement?is?an?example?of?propaganda?(宣傳)?A.?The?house?also?has?solar?panels?that?gather?energy?for?lights?and?hot?water.???B.?Earthships?provide?a?great?advantage?over?traditional?houses.?????C.?The?walls?are?then?coated?with?adobe?or?stucco.?D.?The?construction?of?houses?made?of?recycled?materials?has?been?growing.PassageFourMiss?Zhao?is?one?of?the?popular?teachers?in?the?school.?Yesterday?morning?she?came?into?the?class?as?usual.??There?was?a?big?smile?on?her?face.???“Well?done,?everyone.”?She?smiled.?“Class?3?did?very?well?in?the?school?sports?meeting?last?week.??I?was?glad?when?the?boys?won?the?relay?race.??Congratulations.??The?girls?did?very?well?too.”?“By?the?way,?I?came?into?the?classroom?last?Friday,?and?it?was?not?as?clean?as?usual.?I’m?afraid?some?people?forgot?to?sweep?the?floor.?There?was?no?excuse?—?we?have?new?brooms.??Will?you?please?sweep?the?floor?every?day?”?“Yes,?Miss?Zhao,”?answered?the?students.?“Now?who?is?on?duty?today?”?“I?am,?Miss?Zhao,”?said?Wei?Hua.?“Today?is?Wednesday,?September?19th.??Everyone?is?at?school?today.?The?weather?today?is?rather?wet.?The?radio?says?that?it?may?stop?raining?later.?Last?Sunday?we?had?a?picnic.?We?visited?the?Great?Wall.?We?went?there?by?bus.?We?all?took?some?food?and?drink?with?us.”???“We?had?a?very?nice?time.?Luckily?the?weather?was?not?so?wet?as?it?is?today.??We?had?a?long?walk?along?the?Wall.?Later,?we?ate?our?picnic?under?some?trees.??Then?we?played?some?games.”????????“Well?done,?Wei?Hua.?Thank?you,”?said?Miss?Zhao.?“I?think?it’s?time?for?us?to?start?the?lesson.”?21.Why?was?there?a?big?smile?on?Miss?zhao’s?face?yesterday??A.Class?3?did?very?well?in?the?sports?meeting.???B.???They?had?new?brooms?in?the?classroom.????C.???The?students?had?a?picnic?with?her.?D.???Wei?Hua?gave?a?good?report.??22.?Why?did?the?students?forget?to?sweep?the?floor????A.??They?were?busy?with?the?sports?meeting.??B.??They?had?no?new?brooms.??C.??They?went?to?visit?the?Great?Wall.????D.??They?won?the?relay?race?that?day.??23.?What?did?the?students?do?last?Sunday??A.??They?held?a?sports?meeting.??B.?They?cleaned?the?classroom?C.??They?had?a?picnic.????D.They?helped?Granny?with?the?housework.?24.?When?did?Wei?Hua?give?the?report??A.?On?Monday????B.?On?Tuesday??C.?On?Wednesday??D.?On?Thursday??25.?Put?the?following?sentences?in?the?right?order?according?to?the?matters.?(根據(jù)事件發(fā)生的先后順序排列)?a.Miss?Zhao?came?in?and?found?the?classroom?dirty?(臟的)????????b.?She?praised?(表揚)?Class?3?doing?well?in?the?sports?meeting.?c.?The?students?of?Class?3?had?a?picnic?on?the?Great?Wall.?d.?The?students?had?a?sports?meeting?at?school.?A.?a—b—c—d????B.?d—c—a—b??C.?a—d—c—b???D.?d—a—c—b

教育原理復習資料教育原理復習資料

/教育原理復習資料教育原理復習資料知識點：1、教育學是研究人類教育現(xiàn)象、揭示教育規(guī)律的一門科學；2、教育現(xiàn)象指人類各種教育活動的外在表現(xiàn)形式；教育現(xiàn)象有三個規(guī)定：（1）教育現(xiàn)象是一種可以感知、可以認識的古今中外已經(jīng)存在或正在存在于現(xiàn)實中的存在物；（2）教育現(xiàn)象是教育實踐的表現(xiàn)物，或正在從事著的教育實踐，它包括各種形式、各種類型、各種模式的教育事實、教育活動、教育問題、教育理論研究等；（3）教育現(xiàn)象是以教與學為主體形式的客觀存在，不以教與學為主體形式的活動便不能稱之為教育活動，與之相應，也就不能稱其為教育現(xiàn)象。3、人類的教育活動發(fā)展至今，有各種各樣的外在形式：概括地說，可以從兩個角度加以說明，從縱向上看，有落后、原始的教育現(xiàn)象，有以四大文明古國為核心的古代教育現(xiàn)象；從橫向上看，教育的基本形態(tài)有：（1）學校教育，即在學校中進行的各級各類教育；（2）家庭教育，即家庭成員之間的相互教育，通常多指父母或其他年長者對兒女輩進行的教育；（3）社會教育，廣義的指旨在有意識地培養(yǎng)人，有益于人的身心發(fā)展的社會活動。狹義的指家庭和學校以外的社會文化教育機構(gòu)實施的教育。（4）自我教育，指人們自我組織的自學活動以及處省、自修行為；（5）自然形態(tài)的教育，指滲透在生產(chǎn)、生活過程中的口授傳生產(chǎn)、生活經(jīng)驗的現(xiàn)象。4、教育規(guī)律是教育現(xiàn)象與其他社會現(xiàn)象及教育現(xiàn)象內(nèi)部各個要素之間本質(zhì)的、內(nèi)在的、必然的聯(lián)系或關系。5、教育矛盾：從根本上看，貫穿教育活動的基本矛盾、基本規(guī)律是：教育與社會發(fā)展之間的矛盾或關系，教育與人的身心發(fā)展之間的矛盾或關系。6、教育科學是以教育現(xiàn)象和教育規(guī)律為共同研究對象的各門教育學科的總稱，是若干個教育類學科構(gòu)成的學科總體。7、反映古代教育思想的代表性著作生產(chǎn)首先是孔子教育思想觀點的《論語》，如“不憤不啟，不悱不發(fā)”、“學而不思則罔，思而不學則殆”、“學而時習之”8、戰(zhàn)國晚期樂正克—《學記》，不僅是中國古代也是世界上最早的一篇專門論教育、教學問題的論著，有人認為它是“教育學的雛形”。9、柏拉國《理想國》，提出了一個比較系統(tǒng)的教育制度，規(guī)定了不同階級的人不同的教育內(nèi)容；昆體良《雄辯術原理》，比較系統(tǒng)地論述了有關兒童教育的問題，被稱為第一本研究教學法的書；亞里士多德是最早提出教育要適應兒童的年齡階段，進行德智體多方面和諧發(fā)展教育的教育思想家。10、1623年英國哲學家培要首次在科學分類中將教育學作為一門獨立的學科劃分出來。11、捷克民主主義教育家夸美紐斯-《大教學論》，是教育學成為一門獨立學科的標志。12、19世紀，德國教育家赫爾巴特于1806年出版《普通教育學》，視為“科學教育學”形式的標志，把他的思想視為傳統(tǒng)教育派的代表。13、19世紀末20世初，美國出現(xiàn)了以實用主義教育家杜威為代表隊的進步教育運動，共同特點是反對傳統(tǒng)的老師中心、教材中心，課堂中心，主張學生中心，強調(diào)兒童學習的獨立性和創(chuàng)造性，教育與社會生活的聯(lián)系等。14、馬克思主義的誕生是人類思想史上的一次革命，特別是在社會科學方面，開創(chuàng)了思想發(fā)展史上的新紀元?？唆斊账箍ǎㄇ疤K聯(lián)）《國民教育和民主主義》，被認為是用馬克思主義觀點闡述教育學和教育史的第一本書。15、蔡培元提倡“思想自由，兼容并包”，使北大成為高等學府；16、陶行知《中國教育改造》，主張“生活教育”；17、布盧姆認為完整的教育目標分類學應當包括三個主要部分：一是認知領域；二是情感領域；三是動作技能領域；18、教育學在中國成為一門獨立的學科，是從清末“廢科舉，興學校”西方資產(chǎn)階級教育學輸入以后才開始的。19、教育原理的理論功能：一、解釋教育實踐；二、指導教育實踐；三、推動教育改革；20、教育理論與教育實踐經(jīng)驗也是既有聯(lián)系又有區(qū)別的：教育理論是教育實踐經(jīng)驗的科學總結(jié)，教育實踐經(jīng)驗是教育理論的源泉；但是教育經(jīng)驗還不能等同于教育理論，只有將經(jīng)驗上升為理論，才能認識教育現(xiàn)象內(nèi)在的、本質(zhì)的、必然的聯(lián)系。21、教育理論對教育實踐的解釋和說明集中體現(xiàn)在它可以回答或者說它能夠回答三個基本問題：是什么，為什么，怎么樣。22、教育改革是人們有計劃、有目的地變革現(xiàn)存的教育活動，它是一種特殊的教育實踐。23、教育理論對教育改革的推動作用，主要體現(xiàn)在三個方面：第一，用“理性尺度”評價現(xiàn)實，揭露現(xiàn)存教育中的種種弊端，使人們認清現(xiàn)存教育中存在的不合理因素；第二，對未來教育進行預測、設計、規(guī)劃，從對現(xiàn)存教育的評價中和對未來社會發(fā)展的分析中提出未來教育的目標、內(nèi)容、方法、制度、形式等，指導教育改革的方向；第三，靠理論創(chuàng)造的輿論力量，呼喚社會，尤其是教育界投身教育改革，使教育工作者具有參與教育改革的自覺性、熱情和必勝的信心。24、掌握教育規(guī)律的重要意義：（一）掌握馬克思主義教育理論，樹立科學的教育觀；（二）掌握教育工作規(guī)律，不斷提高教育質(zhì)量；（三）在教育理論指導下，不斷總結(jié)經(jīng)驗，探索規(guī)律；（四）教育原理可為繼續(xù)學習教學原理、德育原理、學校管理學等學科提供堅實的理論根基，具有深化和奠基的作用。25、學習和研究教育原理的方