市場營銷第十五章市場需要英文

ChapterFifteenMarketDemandFromIndividualtoMarketDemandFunctionsThinkofaneconomycontainingnconsumers,denotedbyi=1,…,n.Consumeri’sordinarydemandfunctionforcommodityjis

FromIndividualtoMarketDemandFunctionsWhenallconsumersareprice-takers,themarketdemandfunctionforcommodityjis

FromIndividualtoMarketDemandFunctionsp1p1p1201535p1’p1”p1’p1”p1’p1”The“horizontalsum”

ofthedemandcurves

ofindividualsAandB.ElasticitiesElasticitymeasuresthe“sensitivity”ofonevariablewithrespecttoanother.TheelasticityofvariableXwithrespecttovariableYisOwn-PriceElasticityofDemandQ:Whynotjustusetheslopeofademandcurvetomeasurethesensitivityofquantitydemandedtoachangeinacommodity’sownprice?A:Becausethevalueofsensitivitythendependsuponthe(arbitrary)unitsofmeasurementusedforquantitydemanded.ArcandPointElasticitiesAn“average”own-priceelasticityofdemandforcommodityioveranintervalofvaluesforpiisanarc-elasticity,usuallycomputedbyamid-pointformula.Elasticitycomputedforasinglevalueofpiisapointelasticity.ArcOwn-PriceElasticitypiXi*pi’pi’+hpi’-hWhatisthe“average”own-price

elasticityofdemandforprices

inanintervalcenteredonpi’?ArcOwn-PriceElasticitypiXi*pi’pi’+hpi’-hWhatisthe“average”own-price

elasticityofdemandforprices

inanintervalcenteredonpi’?PointOwn-PriceElasticitypiXi*pi’pi’+hpi’-hWhatistheown-priceelasticity

ofdemandinaverysmallinterval

ofpricescenteredonpi’?Ash?0,PointOwn-PriceElasticitypiXi*pi’Whatistheown-priceelasticityofdemandinaverysmallintervalofpricescenteredonpi’?istheelasticityatthepointPointOwn-PriceElasticityE.g.Supposepi=a-bXi.ThenXi=(a-pi)/bandTherefore,PointOwn-PriceElasticitypiXi*api=a-bXi*a/ba/2a/2bPointOwn-PriceElasticitypiXi*api=a-bXi*a/ba/2a/2bown-priceelasticown-priceinelastic(own-priceunitelastic)PointOwn-PriceElasticityE.g.ThensoPointOwn-PriceElasticitypiXi*everywherealong

thedemandcurve.RevenueandOwn-PriceElasticityofDemandIfraisingacommodity’spricecauseslittle(alotof)decreaseinquantitydemanded,thensellers’revenuesrise.Henceown-priceinelastic(elastic)demandcausessellers’revenuestorise(drop)aspricerises.RevenueandOwn-PriceElasticityofDemandSellers’revenueisSoRevenueandOwn-PriceElasticityofDemandsoifthenandachangetopricedoesnotaltersellers’revenue.RevenueandOwn-PriceElasticityofDemandbutifthenandapriceincreaseraisessellers’revenue.RevenueandOwn-PriceElasticityofDemandAndifthenandapriceincreasereducessellers’’

revenue.MarginalRevenueandOwn-PriceElasticityofDemandAseller’smarginalrevenueistherateatwhichrevenuechangeswiththenumberofunitssoldbytheseller.MarginalRevenueandOwn-PriceElasticityofDemandp(q)denotestheseller’sinversedemandfunction;i.e.thepriceatwhichthesellercansellqunits.ThensoMarginalRevenueandOwn-PriceElasticityofDemandandsoMarginalRevenueandOwn-PriceElasticityofDemandIfthenIfthenIfthenMarginalRevenueandOwn-PriceElasticityofDemandAnexamplewithlinearinversedemand.ThenandMarginalRevenueandOwn-PriceElasticityofDemandaa/bpqa/2bMarginalRevenueandOwn-PriceElasticityofDemandaa/bpqa/2bq$a/ba/2bR(q)謝謝謝12月月-2208:34:2608:3408:3412月月-2212月月-2208:3408:3408:34:2612月月-2212月月-2208:34:262022/12/318:34:269、靜夜夜四無無鄰，，荒居居舊業(yè)業(yè)貧。。。12月月-2212月月-22Saturday,December31,202210、雨中黃葉葉樹，燈下下白頭人。。。08:34:2608:34:2608:3412/31/20228:34:26AM11、以我獨獨沈久，，愧君相相見頻。。。12月-2208:34:2608:34Dec-2231-Dec-2212、故人江海別別，幾度隔山山川。。08:34:2608:34:2608:34Saturday,December31,202213、乍見見翻疑疑夢，，相悲悲各問問年。。。12月月-2212月月-2208:34:2608:34:26December31,202214、他他鄉(xiāng)鄉(xiāng)生生白白發(fā)發(fā)，，舊舊國國見見青青山山。。。。31十十二二月月20228:34:26上上午午08:34:2612月月-2215、比比不不了了得得就就不不比比，，得得不不到到的的就就不不要要。。。。。十二二月月228:34上上午午12月月-2208:34December31,202216、行動出出成果，，工作出出財富。。。2022/12/318:34:2608:34:2631December202217、做前，，能夠環(huán)環(huán)視四周周；做時時，你只只能或者者最好沿沿著以腳腳為起點點的射線線向前。。。8:34:26上午午8:34上午午08:34:2612月-229、沒有有失敗敗，只只有暫暫時停停止成成功??！。12月月-2212月月-22Saturday,December31,202210、很多事情情努力了未未必有結(jié)果果，但是不不努力卻什什么改變也也沒有。。。08:34:2608:34:2608:3412/31/20228:34:26AM11、成功就是日日復(fù)一日那一一點點小小努努力的積累。。。12月-2208:34:2608:34Dec-2231-Dec-2212、世間成事事，不求其其絕對圓滿滿，留一份份不足，可可得無限完完美。。08:34:2608:34:2608:34Saturday,December31,202213、不不知知香香積積寺寺，，數(shù)數(shù)里里入入云云峰峰。。。。12月月-2212月月-2208:34:2608:34:26December31,202214、意志堅堅強的人人能把世世界放在在手中像像泥塊一一樣任意意揉捏。。31十十二月20228:34:26上午午08:34:2612月-2215、楚塞三三湘接，，荊門九九派通。。。。十二月228:34上午午12月-2208:34December31,202216、少年年十五五二十十時，，步行行奪得得胡馬馬騎。。。2022/12/318:34:2608:34:2631December202217、空山山新雨雨后，，天氣氣晚來來秋。。。8:34:26上上午8:34上上午午08:34:2612月月-229、楊柳散和和風(fēng)，青山山澹吾慮。。。12月-2212月-22Saturday,December31,202210、閱讀一一切好書書如同和和過去最最杰出的的人談話話。08:34:2608:34:2608:3412/31/20228:34:26AM11、越是沒沒有本領(lǐng)領(lǐng)的就越越加自命命不凡。。12月-2208:34:2608:34Dec-2231-Dec-2212、越是無能的的人，越喜歡歡挑剔別人的的錯兒。08:34:2608:34:2608:34Saturday,December31,202213、知人人者智智，自自知者者明。。勝人人者有有力，，自勝勝者強強。12