2022年湖南省張家界市懷鐵總公司中學高三英語聯(lián)考試題含解析

2022年湖南省張家界市懷鐵總公司中學高三英語聯(lián)考試題含解析一、選擇題1.Thepriceofgoldhasjumpedto______newall-timehighasdebtworriesintheUSand______Europecontinuetotroubletheworld.A.the; / B.the;the C.a; / D.a;the參考答案：C略2.Iwonderhowmuchyouchargeforyourservices．

Thefirsttwoarefree____

thethirdcosts$30．A．while

B．until

C．when

D．before參考答案：A略3.Lifeislikeawindingpathsurroundedbyflowers,butterfliesanddeliciousfruits,______,manyofusspendmuchtimelookingforhappinessaroundthenextcornerA.therefore

B.though

C.moreover

D.otherwise參考答案：B考查副詞

句意：生活宛如一條蜿蜒曲折的小徑，周圍滿是鮮花蝴蝶和甜美的果實，但是我們不少人還是花很多時間到下一個拐角處尋找幸福。前后兩句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系故使用B項表示轉(zhuǎn)折之意。4.Theshockingnewsmademerealize________terribleproblemswewouldface.

A.what

B.how

C.that

D.why參考答案：A5.IfTomcarriesonworkinglikethis,he’ll

soonerorlater

A．breakdown

B．giveout

C．getdown

D．holdon參考答案：A

6.“Sayingisonethingandwriting_____,”theteacherwritesontheblackboard.

A.another

B.theother

C.others

D.theothers參考答案：A7.I_____watchforeignmoviesinmysparetime，butIappreciateChineseonesoccasionallyathome.A.nearly B.mostly C.almost D.partly參考答案：B8.WhereisTomthismorning?

He’sgotacold.

__________.A．Justtellhimtotakeiteasy.

B.What’sthematterwithhim?C.Heisabsent.

D.What?Whereishe?參考答案：A略9.一WhichoftheTVseriesdoyouprefer，GossipGirlorPrisonBreak?一ActuallyIdon’tlike

A．bothofthem

B．neitherofthem

C．eitherofthem

D．noneofthem參考答案：B

10.Thesituation__immediateaction．A．callsin

B．callsforC．callsoff

D．callsup參考答案：B11.AfterarrivinginSuzhou,therepresentativesfirst

theirhotelbeforegoingtotheconferencecenter.A.raninto

B.burstintoC.pulledinto

D.checkedinto參考答案：D選D。考察詞義辨析。checkedin/into入住，登記，報到。到蘇州后，代表們在去會議中心之前先去他們的賓館入住。與之相對的另一個表達是checkout結(jié)賬離開。12.—Weareplanningtohaveacasualget-togetherthisSaturdayorSunday.Areyoucoming?—________.I’vegotratherabusydaythisweekend.A.Ihopeso

B.Soundsgreat

C.You’dbetternot

D.I’mafraidnot參考答案：D13.Everyonehasperiodsintheirlives________everythingseemsveryhard.A.when

B.where

C.which

D.that參考答案：A14.

They’vewontheirlastthreematches.________Ifindabitsurprising

A.that

B.when

C.what

D.which

參考答案：D解析：考查非限定性定語從句關(guān)系詞的辨析。此處意思是“我發(fā)現(xiàn)他們已經(jīng)贏得了最后的三場比賽，這一點令人有點吃驚”，which代替上句“They’vewontheirlastthreematches”做find的賓語，選D。A項不能用于非限制性定語從句中，B,C此處沒有他們的意思。15.Investmentstolowerpollutionlevelspayoffduetolowerdiseaseratesand,

lowerhealthcarecosts.A.however

B.though

C.therefore D.otherwise參考答案：C16.從A、B、C、D四個選項中，找出其劃線部分與所給單詞的劃線部分讀音相同的選項。1.appreciate

A.anger

B.achievement

C.ancestor

D.advantage

2.action

A.revision

B.suggestion

C.condition

D.conclusion3.examine

A.expression

B.experiment

C.experienceD.example4.ought

A.rough

B.tough

C.

sought

D.through5.worked

A.occupied

B

hoped

C.informed

D.reported

參考答案：BCDCB17.Allthephotographsinthisbook,_______statedotherwise,datefromthe1950s.A.unless

B.until

C.once

D.if參考答案：A略18._______therisingbirthrateandimmigration,thedecliningdeathratealsoresultedinthepopulationgrowth.A.Inadditionto

B.Intermsof

C.Inconsequenceof

D.Inspiteof參考答案：A二、完型填空19.Lightningflashed,thunderboomed,andtherainspoureddown.Suddenly,awail(尖叫)ofasteamengine 41 thestorm.ItwasmovingcloserandwouldcrossHoneyCreekBridge.Theoldwoodenframe（框架）ofthebridgebegantoshake 42 thesteamenginestartedacross.Whenthetrainreachedthehalfwaypoint,thebridge 43.Finally,itcollapsed,breakingcompletelyapart. “Thebridgecollapsed!”Kateshoutedtohersickmother.“I’veto44 thestation.Atrainfullof45 isduehere.” 46 alantern,Kateracedoutintothestorm.The 47 waytogettherewasto 48 theDesMoinesRiverBridge. Thebridgewaslittlemorethantwosteelrailsstretchedacrossnarrowwoodenstrips,whichwerespacedsofarapartthatKatecouldeasily 49 betweenthem.Gettingdownonherhandsand 50 ,Katebeganherdangerouscrossing.Astrongwindquickly 51 outthelantern,soKatehadtofeelherwayinthedarkness.Finally,shewas 52 acrosstheriver! Katehurriedtothestationandburstthroughthe 53 .“HoneyCreekBridgeisout!”

sheshoutedtothe 54.“Stopthepassengertrain!”Then,extremely 55 ,shefelltothefloor.Rushingoutontothetrackstogivea 56,thestationmasterwasjustintimeto 57 thetrain. Yearslater,anewbridgenamedKateShellyBridgewasbuiltacrosstheriver 58 peoplecouldalwaysrememberthe 59 ofthegirl,KateShelly，who 60 herlifeandsavedsomanypeople.41.A.addedto

B.cutthrough

C.headedfor

D.ledto 42. A.unless

B.so

C.assoonas D.inorderthat 43. A.rose

B.connected

C.bent

D.moved 44.A.warn

B.accuse

C.phone D.leave 45. A.food

B.passengers

C.animals

D.coal 46. A.Catchingholdof

B.Takingnoticeof

C.Keepingupwith D.Puttingupwith 47. A.worst

B.widest

C.shortest

D.toughest 48. A.avoid

B.rebuild

C.repair

D.cross 49. A.run B.fall

C.jump

D.walk 50. A.cheeks

B.fingers

C.wrists

D.knees 51. A.took

B.let

C.picked

D.blew 52. A.regularly

B.easily

C.politely

D.safely 53. A.bridge

B.home

C.door

D.train 54. A.headmaster

B.conductor

C.stationmaster

D.repairman 55. A.tired

B.surprised

C.embarrassed

D.disappointed 56. A.welcome

B.signal

C.response

D.lesson 57. A.approach

B.drive

C.pull

D.stop 58. A.incase

B.asif

C.sothat

D.evenif 59. A.patience

B.bravery

C.guidance

D.confidence 60. A.sacrificed

B.spent

C.risked

D.lived參考答案：41.B42.C43.C44.A45.B46.A47.C48.D49.B50.D51.D52.D53.C54.C55.A56.B57.D58.C59.B60.C試題分析：由于橋梁出現(xiàn)事故，勇敢的女孩Kate用她的聰明和勇氣救了一火車人。41.B考查詞匯辨析。根據(jù)文段中的語境，一聲尖叫“穿透”了暴雨，傳到了耳中。Addto“增加”，headfor“前往”，leadto“導致”，cutthrough“穿透，穿過”，故選B。42.C考查上下文邏輯判斷。根據(jù)文段上下文的關(guān)系，火車一駛上橋梁，橋就開始晃動起來，故選C。Assoonas“一…就”,unless“除非”，so“因此”，inorderthat“為了”,故選C。48.D考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)下文的“bridge”，可知Kate趕去報信需要通過一座橋（另外一座橋），A.避免B.重建C.修理D.穿過，故選D。49.B考查細節(jié)理解。由于暴雨，一個不小心就有可能“掉下去”，A.跑B.掉下C.跳D.走，故選B。50.D考查細節(jié)理解。Kate是手腳并用爬過橋去的，A.臉頰B.手指C.手腕D.膝蓋，onherhandsandknees“手腳并用地”，故選D。51.D考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)上文的“astrongwind”，可知是大風“吹滅”了燈籠，A.拿走B.讓C.挑選D.吹，故選D。52.D考查詞義辨析。Kate“安全地”過了橋，才有了后續(xù)故事的開展，A.有規(guī)律地B.容易地C.禮貌地D.安全地，故選D。59.B考查文章主旨理解。整篇文章都是在描述這位具有非凡“勇氣”的女孩，A.耐心B.勇敢C.指導D.自信，故選B。60.C考查詞匯辨析。Kate冒著生命危險及時示警，從而救下了一火車的人，A.犧牲B.花費C.冒險D.生活，故選C?！久麕燑c睛】完形填空解題技巧巧解完形填空題，考生必須進行通篇考慮，掌握大意，綜合所學詞法、句法和常識進行分析判斷。為幫助考生能更好地解答完形填空題，在這里介紹幾種解題技巧。1.復(fù)現(xiàn)解題法：這類題多為同義詞、近義詞和反義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)或同義詞、近義詞和反義詞異形復(fù)現(xiàn)的形式。這種測試手法主要是考查考生的整體篇章意識和上下文推斷能力。2.語法結(jié)構(gòu)法：這類題需要考生有較為扎實的語法基礎(chǔ)知識，能夠從句式的結(jié)構(gòu)上辨別出須填相關(guān)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞、連詞、副詞、形容詞或相應(yīng)的動詞，當然還要考慮到主謂一致的關(guān)系等語法知識要點。3.語境信息解題法：這類題主要是通過短文中上下語境所透露的信息進行解題，首先要正確理解所給信息，在進行合理分析和推斷，這種語境信息一定要遵循邏輯概念，符合運動規(guī)律，時態(tài)的交替，以及特殊場合下的應(yīng)急合理判斷。4.固定搭配解題法：這類題與語法結(jié)構(gòu)題有點類似，但主要慣用搭配，講究詞與詞的搭配，涉及到關(guān)聯(lián)詞、動詞、副詞、形容詞、名詞和短語等。5.邏輯語氣解題法：這類題主要是通過分了解全文的人物、時間、地點等信息之后，再分析句子與句子之間的關(guān)系，段落與段落之間的關(guān)系來解題。這種邏輯語氣主要包含并列、遞進、因果、轉(zhuǎn)折和委婉語氣等等。這類題的選項多為連詞、副詞或具有連詞意義的各類短語。20.Doyouthinkyouhavewhatittakestobeasuccessfulscientist?Asuccessfulscientistisgenerallyagoodobserver.Hemakesfull___18___ofthefactsheobserves.Hedoesn’tacceptideaswhicharenot___19___onobviousfacts,andtherefore___20___toacceptauthorityastheonlyreasonfortruth.Healwayschecksideas___21___andmakesexperimentstoprovethem.Theriseof___22___sciencemayperhapsbeconsideredto___23___asfarbackasthe___24___ofRogerBacon,thewonderfulphilosopherofOxford,wholived___25___theyears1214and1292.Hewasprobablythefirstinthemiddleagestosuggestthatwemustlearnscience___26___observingandexperimentingonthethingsaroundus,andhehimself___27___manyimportanttruths.Galileo(1564-1642),however,wholivedmorethan300yearslater,wasthegreatestofseveralgreatmeninItaly,France,Germany,andEngland,___28___begantoshowhowmanyimportant___29___couldbediscoveredbyobservationbydegrees.BeforeGalileo,learnedmenbelievedthatlargebodiesfellmore___30___towardstheearththansmallones,___31___Aristotlesaidso.ButGalileo,goingtothe___32___oftheLeaningTowerofPisa,letfalltwo___33___stonesandprovedAristotlewaswrong.ItwasGalileo’s___34___ofgoingdirecttonature,andprovingour___35___andtheoriesbyexperiment,thathasledtoallthediscoveriesofmodernscience.What___36___thosepeoplegoodscientists?FromtheexampleofGalileo,weknowitclearlythatsuccessfulscientistsarethosewhoseobservationshave___37___betterresults.18.A.use

B.time

C.speed

D.trust19.A.relied

B.based

C.insisted

D.centered20.A.refuses

B.desires

C.intends

D.regrets21.A.casually

B.carefully

C.quickly

D.secretly22.A.natural

B.physical

C.ancient

D.modern23.A.date

B.keep

C.look

D.come24.A.study

B.time

C.year

D.birth25.A.both

B.each

C.between

D.among26.A.in

B.with

C.on

D.by27.A.brought

B.discovered

C.took

D.gave28.A.who

B.when

C.that

D.where29.A.truths

B.problems

C.people

D.subjects30.A.slowly

B.rapidly

C.lightly

D.heavily31.A.although

B.because

C.when

D.if32.A.place

B.foot

C.top

D.ceiling33.A.big

B.small

C.equal

D.unequal34.A.spirit

B.skill

C.theory

D.discovery35.A.plans

B.opinions

C.world

D.ability36.A.makes

B.prevents

C.considers

D.promises37.A.foreseen

B.rejected

C.produced

D.challenged參考答案：18.A

19.B

20.A

21.B

22.D

23.A

24.B

25.C

26.D

27.B

28.A

29.A

30.B

31.B

32.C

33.D

34.A

35.B

36.A

37.C本文為議論文。作者通過實例來說明自己的觀點：一個科學家應(yīng)該是一個很好的觀察者，不能盲目地相信他人，應(yīng)該通過觀察和實驗來獲得正確的觀點和理論。【18題詳解】考查固定搭配。use用處；time時間；speed速度；trust相信。根據(jù)語境可知，此處是指“一個成功的科學家通常是一個好的觀察者。他充分利用他所觀察到的事實”。本處考查固定短語“makefulluseof”，意為“充分利用”。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動詞辨析。relied信任，依賴；based以……為基礎(chǔ)/根據(jù)；insisted堅持；centered集中，以….為中心。根據(jù)“Hemakesfulluseofthefactsheobserves.Hedoesn’tacceptideaswhicharenot___2___onobviousfacts”可知，“作為一個科學家，要充分利用事實，自然不能接受不以明顯事實為根據(jù)的想法”。因此本句考查的固定搭配”bebasedon…”意為“以….…為基礎(chǔ)/根據(jù)”。因此選B項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞辨析。refuses拒絕；desires渴望；intends意圖，打算；regrets遺憾，后悔。根據(jù)空格前后的“Hedoesn’tacceptideas…andtherefore___3___toaccept”可知，“他不接受不基于顯而易見的事實的觀點，因此拒絕接受權(quán)威作為真理的唯一理由”。此處指的“拒絕”，因此選A?！?1題詳解】考查副詞辨析。casually偶然地，漫不經(jīng)心地；carefully仔細地，認真地；quickly快速地；secretly秘密地，偷偷地。結(jié)合空格前后的“Healwayschecksideas…makesexperimentstoprovethem.”可知，此處是指他仔細地核查那些觀點。故選B。【22題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。natural天然的，自然的；physical物質(zhì)的；ancient古代的，過時的；modern現(xiàn)代的。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“thathasledtoallthediscoveriesofmodernscience.”可知，此處表示的是modernscience。故選D項?！?3題詳解】考查固定搭配。date從某時起計算日期；keep保持；look看；come來。根據(jù)下文的“theyears1214and1292”，可知，現(xiàn)代科學的興起可追溯到很早的時候，dateback…為固定搭配，意為“追溯到……”，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞辨析。study研究，學習；time時間，時代；year年；birth出生。根據(jù)空格后面的“theyears1214and1292”。可知，此處表示現(xiàn)代科學的興起也許可以追溯到羅杰·培根時代，因此本題選B?！?5題詳解】考查語境。both和，兩者都；each每個；between在…之間；among在…中,在….之列。本句是指羅杰·培根，生活在1214年至1292年之間。因此處應(yīng)用between…and…，意為“在……和….…之間”。故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查介詞辨析。in在……里面；with和，跟；on在……上面；by通過，由。根據(jù)后面的“observingandexperimentingonthethingsaroundus”可知，此處是指通過（by）觀察和檢驗我們周圍的事物，故選D項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞辨析。brought帶來；discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；took帶走；gave給。結(jié)合下文“manyimportanttruths.”可知。本句是指“他自己發(fā)現(xiàn)(discovered)了許多重要的真理”，可知選B項?！?8題詳解】考查定語從句。根據(jù)上文“…h(huán)egreatestofseveralgreatmeninItaly,France,Germany,andEngland,___11___begantoshowhowmanyimportant”可知，本句是定語從句，其中的thegreatestofseveralgreatmen是先行詞，在后面的定語從句中作began的主語，定語從句中指代前面的先行詞“he”，指人要用關(guān)系詞who。本句意為“伽利略（1564-1642）是意大利、法國、德國和英國幾位偉人中最偉大的科學家，他通過逐步的觀察，展示出許多重要的……。”因此選A。【29題詳解】考查名詞辨析。truths事實；problems問題；people人們；subjects主題。由空格后的“couldbediscoveredbyobservationbydegrees”和第10小題所在的句子可知，“很多真理可以通過觀察得到發(fā)現(xiàn)”。因此本空選A?！?0題詳解】考查副詞辨析。slowly緩慢地；rapidly快速地；lightly輕輕地；heavily沉重地。根據(jù)空格前后的“l(fā)argebodiesfellmore”和“towardstheearththansmallones,”可知，在Galileo之前，學者們認為重的物體比輕的物體自由落體的速度更快，因此選B。【31題詳解】考查連詞辨析。although然而；because因為；when當……時候；if如果。根據(jù)第14題后的“Aristotlesaidso”可知，這里表明因為（because）亞里士多德是這么說的。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞辨析。place地方；foot腳，底部；top頂部；ceiling天花板。根據(jù)空格后面的“oftheLeaningTowerofPisa,letfalltwo___16___stones”可知，伽利略去了比薩斜塔的頂部，扔下了兩塊石頭。由此可知C項符合題意，故選C。【33題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。big大的；small小的；equal相等的；unequal不相等的。根據(jù)第13小題的“l(fā)argebodiesfellmore___13___towardstheearththansmallones,”可知，此處表示扔下了兩個不同重量的石頭，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞辨析。spirit精神；skill技巧，技能；theory理論；discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)。這是伽利略探索自然的精神（spirit），故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞辨析。plans計劃；opinions觀點；world世界；ability能力。此處與后面的“andtheoriesbyexperiment”中的theories（理論）相響應(yīng)。此處是指通過實驗證明我們的觀點（opinions）和理論，故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動詞辨析。makes制造，使成為；prevents阻止；considers認為，思考；promises許諾，答應(yīng)。由下文的“…arethosewhoseobservationshave___20___betterresults.”可知，此處是說“是什么使這些人成為優(yōu)秀的科學家？”,make意為“使成為…..”，因此選A。【37題詳解】考查動詞辨析。foreseen預(yù)知；rejected拒絕，排斥；produced生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)生；challenged挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)語境可知此處是指“我們清楚地知道，成功的科學家是那些其觀測結(jié)果得出更好的結(jié)果的科學家。故選C。三、閱讀理解21.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。

ForincomingfreshmenatwesternConnecticut'ssuburbanBrookfieldHighSchool,liftingabackpackweigheddownwithtextbooksisabouttogivewaytotappingoutnotesandtouchingelectronicpagesonaniPad,

Afewhoursaway,everystudentatBurlingtonHighSchoolnearBoston．willalsostarttheyearwithnewschool-issuediPads,eachloadedwithelectronictextbooksandotheronlineresourcesinplaceoftraditionaltexts．Appleofficialssaytheyknowofmorethan600districtsthathavelaunchedwhatarecalled"one-to-one"programs．

AtBurlingtonHighinsuburbanBoston,PrincipalPatrickLarkinsaysthe

$500iPadsisbetterthantextbooksinthelongterm,thoughhesaidtheschoolwillstillusetraditionaltextsinsomecoursesifsuitableelectronicprogramsaren'tyetavailable."Lark/nsaidoftextbooks,"butthey'reprettymuchoutdatedtheminutethey'reprintedandcertainlybythetimethey'redelivered"．

Butsomeexpertswarnthatthedistrictsneedtoensuretheycansupportthewirelessinfrastructure（設(shè)施）,repairsandothercoststhataccompanyaswitchtosuchatech-heavyapproach．MarkWarschauer,aneducationandinformaticsprofessorsaid,"Ithinkpeoplewilllikeit．Ireallydon'tknowanybodyinhighschoolthatwouldn'twanttogetaniPad,"hesaid．"We'realwaysusingtechnologyathome,thenwhenyou'reatschoolit'stextbooks．soit'sagoodwaytoputallofthattogether．"Districtsarevariedintheirpoliciesonhowtheypolicestudents'use．

Andthenation'stextbookpublishingindustry,accountingfor$5.5billioninyearlysalestosecondaryschools,istakingnoticeofthetrendwithitsownshiftinacompetitiveracetowarddevelopingcurriculum（課程）specificallyforiPads．JayDiskey,executivedirector