2021年高考全國甲卷英語試題（解析版）

2021年英語高考全國甲卷（考區(qū)：四川、云南、貴州、廣西、西藏）第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分,滿分30分）閱讀下列短文,從每圖所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AATakeaview,theLandscape（風(fēng)景）PhotographeroftheYearAward,wastheideaofCharlieWaite,oneoftoday'smostrespectedlandscapephotographers.Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwardsaretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.TakeaviewisadesirableannualcompetitionforphotographersfromallcomersoftheUKandbeyond.MikeShepherd(2011)SkiddawinWinterCumbria,EnglandItwasanextremelycoldwinter'seveningandfreezingfoghungintheair.Iclimbedtothetopofasmallriseandrealisedthatthemistwaslittlemorethanafewfeetdeep,andthoughitwasonlyashortclimb,IfoundmyselfcompletelyaboveitandlookingatawonderfullyclearviewofSkiddawwiththesumsettinginthewest.Iusedclassicaltechniques,translatedfrommycollegedaysspentinthedarkroomintoPhotoshop,toachievetheblack—and—whiteimage（圖像）.TimothySmith(2014)MacclesfieldForestCheshire,EnglandIwasbackinmyhometownofMacclesfieldtotakesomewinterimages.WalkingupapaththroughtheforesttowardsShutlingsloe.alocalhighpoint,Icameacrossasmallclearingandimmediatelynoticedthedeadyellowgrassessetagainstthefreshsnow.ThesmallpineaddedtotheinterestandIplaceditcentrallytotaketheviewfromtheforegroundrightthroughintotheforest.1.WhowouldmostprobablyenterforTakeaview?A.Writers. B.Photographers. C.Painters. D.Tourists.2.WhatdotheworksbyShepherdandSmithhaveincommon?A.Theyarewinterimages.B.Theyareinblackandwhite.C.Theyshowmountainousscenes.D.Theyfocusonsnow—coveredforests.3.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inahistorybook. B.Inanovel. C.Inanartmagazine. D.Inabiography.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了攝影比賽Takeaview以及獲獎的相關(guān)情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Takeaview,theLandscape(風(fēng)景）PhotographeroftheYearAward,wastheideaofCharlieWaite,oneoftoday'smostrespectedlandscapephotographers.”（Takeaview，年度風(fēng)景攝影師獎是CharlieWaite的主意，他是當(dāng)今最受尊敬的風(fēng)景攝影師之一）可知攝影師最有可能參加Takeaview。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MikeShepherd部分“Itwasanextremelycoldwinter'seveningandfreezingfoghungintheair.”（那是一個(gè)極其寒冷的冬天的晚上，空氣中彌漫著冰冷的霧）和TimothySmith部分“IwasbackinmyhometownofMacclesfieldtotakesomewinterimages.”（我回到我的家鄉(xiāng)Macclesfield拍攝一些冬季的照片）可知Shepherd和Smith的作品的共同之處是它們都是冬天的景象。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwardsaretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.TakeaviewisadesirableannualcompetitionforphotographersfromallcomersoftheUKandbeyond.”（每年參賽作品的高水準(zhǔn)表明，該獎項(xiàng)是展示英國風(fēng)景最佳攝影作品的完美平臺。對于英國和世界各地的攝影師來說，Takeaview是一項(xiàng)令人向往的年度競賽）結(jié)合下文對兩位獲獎?wù)呒捌渥髌返慕榻B，可知這篇文章主要介紹了攝影比賽Takeaview以及獲獎的相關(guān)情況，最可能出現(xiàn)在一本藝術(shù)雜志上。故選C。BPortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding(繁育)programme,haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblackrhinocalf(犀牛幼崽).WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity(圈養(yǎng)).PaulBeer,headofrhinosectionatPortLympne,said:“Obviouslywe'reallabsolutelydelightedtowelcomeanothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.She'shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.Hermother,Solio,isafirst-timemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob.It'sstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopen,butassoonastheweatherwarmsup,Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringandplayingeveryday.”Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,givingtherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status.4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebreedingprogramme?A.Costly. B.Controversial. C.Ambitious. D.Successful.5.WhatdoesPaulBeersayaboutthenew-bornrhino?A.Shelovesstayingwithhermother. B.Shedislikesoutdooractivities.C.Sheisingoodcondition D.Sheissensitivetoheat.6.WhatsimilarexperiencedoSolioandKisimahave?A.TheyhadtheirfirstborninJanuary. B.TheyenjoyedexploringnewplacesC.Theylivedwiththeirgrandmothers. D.Theywerebroughttothereserveyoung7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutPornLympneReserve?A.Therhinosectionwillbeopentothepublic.B.Itaimstocontrolthenumberoftheanimals.C.ItwillcontinuetoworkwiththeWorldWildlifeFund.D.Someofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheprotectedwildareas.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在PortLympne保護(hù)區(qū)的部分黑犀牛現(xiàn)狀?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通過文章第一段“shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve(她成為該保護(hù)區(qū)出生的第40頭黑犀牛)”以及文章倒數(shù)第二段“Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.(他的母親、祖母和曾祖母都出生在保護(hù)區(qū)，至今仍住在那里)”可知，保護(hù)區(qū)的繁育計(jì)劃使很多黑犀牛成功存活，可推知，這計(jì)劃是成功的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章第二段“She'shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.(她很健康，很強(qiáng)壯，已經(jīng)渴望玩耍和探索了)”可知，PaulBeer認(rèn)為新生的犀牛身體狀況很好。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章第一段“WhenthetinvcreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.(1月31日，當(dāng)這頭小犀牛來到保護(hù)區(qū)時(shí)，她成為了第40頭在保護(hù)區(qū)出生的黑犀牛)”以及文章倒數(shù)第二段“ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.(1月5日，犀牛媽媽Kisima分娩的第一頭小犀牛，同時(shí)也是第一個(gè)出生在PortLympne，體重約為32公斤)”可知，Solio和Kisima的第一個(gè)孩子都是在一月份出生的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通過文章倒數(shù)第二段“itistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild(要判斷這些小犀牛是否會成為返回野生保護(hù)區(qū)的好的候選者還為時(shí)過早)”可推知，PonLympne保護(hù)區(qū)的一些犀?？赡軙凰偷揭吧Ｗo(hù)區(qū)。故選D項(xiàng)。CWhenIwas9,wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesandarrivedatHeathrow,LondononagrayJanuarymorning.Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue—skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadeadiscovery.Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.Ilovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdon'tworryaboutit.Once,whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam（橫桿）,Ifellontothestones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycameover,helpingmeup:Safe,man.Safe.Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting:“Safe!Safe!Safe!”Andthat'swhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.WhenIwas15,myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingthere,butthelocalswerefarlesswelcoming.Withinacoupleofyears,I'dgivenitup.WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004,IfoundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbank,spendinghoursthere.I'vetraveledbackseveraltimessince,mostrecentlythispastspring.Thedaywascoldbutclear:touristsandLondonersstoppedtowatchtheskaters.Weaving（穿梭）amongthekidswhorushedbyontheirboards,Ifoundmywaytothebeam.Thenarail—thinteenager,inabaggywhiteT—shirt,skidded（滑）uptothebeam.Hesatnexttome.Heseemednottonoticethemannexttohim.ButsoonIcaughtafewofhisglances.“Iwasalocalhere20yearsago,”Itoldhim.Then,slowly,hebegantonodhishead.“Safe,man.Safe.”“Yeah,”Isaid.“Safe.”8.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorsoonafterhemovedtoLondon?A.Hefeltdisappointed. B.Hegaveuphishobby.C.Helikedtheweatherthere. D.Hehaddisagreementswithhisfamily.9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“Safe!Safe!Safe!”probablymean?A.Becareful! B.Welldone! C.Noway! D.Don'tworry!10.WhydidtheauthorliketospendtimeinSouthbankwhenhereturnedtoLondon?A.Tojointheskateboarding. B.Tomakenewfriends.C.Tolearnmoretricks. D.Torelivehischildhooddays11.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?A.Childrenshouldlearnasecondlanguage.BSportisnecessaryforchildren'shealth.C.ChildrenneedasenseofbelongingD.Seeingtheworldisamustforchildren.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【分析】本文屬于記敘文。本文講述作者自己的經(jīng)歷，起初搬到倫敦很不適應(yīng)，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，結(jié)識了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的適應(yīng)了。作者回到倫敦之后，經(jīng)常去之前玩滑板的地方尋找自己的回憶，在與一個(gè)玩滑板的孩子打招呼的時(shí)候，終于找到了自己久違的熟悉感?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue-skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.(除了我之外的家里人都很快適應(yīng)這個(gè)城市，沒有了我喜愛的沙灘和藍(lán)天，我感到迷茫和無措)”可知，作者剛到倫敦的時(shí)候因?yàn)闆]有喜愛的沙灘，不能很好的融入到新的城市，感到很沮喪，故選A?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“Andthat'swhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.(那才是真正重要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大聲歡呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是贊美的含義，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段““Iwasalocalhere20yearsago,"Itoldhim.Then,slowly,hebegantonodhishead.“Safe,man.Safe.””(我告訴他：“我20年前經(jīng)常在這里玩滑板，”他緩慢地開始向我點(diǎn)頭：“嗨，你好！”)”可推知，作者去Southbank這個(gè)地方是為了尋找自己玩滑板的回憶，故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文可知，作者起初搬到倫敦很不適應(yīng)，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，結(jié)識了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的適應(yīng)了。但是搬去華盛頓，因?yàn)闆]有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友，幾年之后就不再玩滑板，作者回到倫敦之后，經(jīng)常去之前玩滑板的地方尋找自己的回憶，在于一個(gè)孩子打招呼的時(shí)候，終于找到了自己久違的回憶。通過作者的經(jīng)歷，作者要表達(dá)的是，歸屬感對于孩子是很重要的，故選C。DWhoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.Let'sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.Butwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.It'ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender(性別)are“really,reallysmart.”Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart.”Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn'ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:absolutelynot.Here'sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith“intelligence,creativity,perseverance(毅力),andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld.”12.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors'standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?A.They'reunfair. B.They'reconservative.C.They'reobjective. D.They'restrict.13.WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience?A.Theythinkthemselvessmart.B.Theylookuptogreatthinkers.C.Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.D.Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs14.Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic?A.Improvedglobalcommunication.B.Lessdiscriminationagainstwomen.C.Acceptanceofvictors'concepts.D.Changesinpeople'ssocialpositions.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GeniusesThinkAlike B.GeniusTakesManyFormsC.GeniusandIntelligence D.GeniusandLuck【答案】12.A13.D14.A15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章由問題“誰是天才？”引入，論述了世人對天才的狹隘定義，提出事實(shí)上“天才”有很多種形式，不要讓思維限制了我們的“天才”能力?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Itissaidthathistoryiswrittenbyvictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub-women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief-theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.(據(jù)說歷史是由勝利者書寫的，而那些勝利者為進(jìn)入天才俱樂部設(shè)定了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。當(dāng)俱樂部以外的天才——女性或不同膚色或信仰的人——做出貢獻(xiàn)時(shí)，他們不會被承認(rèn)并且被其他人拒絕)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為那些“勝利者”對進(jìn)入“天才俱樂部”設(shè)置的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是不公平的，因?yàn)榕曰蛘卟煌w色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承認(rèn)的。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief.Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart.”(更糟糕的是，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)女孩們是按照這個(gè)信念行事的。六歲左右，她們開始避免那些據(jù)說是“非常非常聰明”的孩子參加的活動)”可推知，女孩容易受到社會信仰的影響，認(rèn)為自己在六歲左右就不適合做“聰明孩子”做的事情。故選D。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we’reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.(在一個(gè)全球通訊不斷的有線世界里，我們隨時(shí)隨地都能看到天才的閃現(xiàn))”可知，進(jìn)步的全球通訊讓更多的天才被公眾所知道。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，結(jié)合文章第一段提出問題“Whoisagenius?（誰是天才）”和最后一段的“Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith“intelligence,creativity,perseverance,andsimplegeniuses,whoareabletochangetheworld.”(正如一位作家所說，未來的天才來自那些具有“智慧、創(chuàng)造力、毅力和那些能夠改變世界的簡單天才?！?”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大貢獻(xiàn)的人，他們也可以是某一方面比較突出的普通人。由此可知B項(xiàng)“天才有多種形式”可以作為本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分,滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Swap,Don’tshop!Youkeephearingaboutrecycling,right?Butitdoesn'tendwithbottles,cans,andpaper.Clothingtakesahugeamountofnaturalresources（資源）tomake,andbuyingloadsofnewclothing（orthrowingoutoldclothing）isnothealthyfortheenvironment.Sowhattodowithallthoseperfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-themclothespiledonyourbedroomfloor?____16____.It'sthebestwaytogetridofyourusedclothes,scoreclothesfromyourfriends,andhaveapartyallatthesametime.Asuccessfulswapdependsontheselectionofclothes,theorganizationoftheevent,and,obviously,howmuchfunishad.It'sreallyeasytodo!Hereareafewpointers.●Invite5—10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.____17____,andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.●____18____.Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir"new"clotheshome.●Putdifferenttypesofclothingondifferentsurfacesintheroom.____19____.Placeafewmirrorsaroundyourroomsopeoplecanseehowthingslookwhentheytrythemon.Oneofthegroundrulesoftheswapshouldbethateveryonemusttryontheclothesbeforetheytakethem—thingsalwayslookdifferentwhenyouputthemon.●Setastartingtime.Maybeyousay“go,”orturnonacertainsong,orwhatever.____20____.Anddon'tforgettoputoutsomecookiesandfruits.Remember,it'saparty!A.LesspeoplethanthatB.HoldaclothingswapC.IftwopeoplearecompetingD.JustkeepmusicplayingthroughoutE.DonatewhateverclothesareleftoverFHaveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspotsG.Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition【答案】16.B17.A18.G19.F20.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了通過衣物交換來處理舊衣服的方法——衣物交換派對，以及一些具體的流程。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Sowhattodowithallthoseperfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-little-sick-of-themclothespiledonyourbedroomfloor?（那么，該如何處理那些堆在臥室地板上的（看起來）完好但你可能有點(diǎn)厭倦的衣服呢？）”提出關(guān)于如何解決舊衣物的問題。下文“It'sthebestwaytogetridofyourusedclothes,scoreclothesfromyourfriends,andhaveapartyallatthesametime.（這是扔掉舊衣服、從朋友那里買衣服、同時(shí)開派對的最好方法。）”提到了具體處理舊衣物的方法。所以空白處應(yīng)起承上啟下的作用，承接上文講到的問題，啟下提出的方法。因而空白處是提出了一種處理舊衣物的好方法。B項(xiàng)“Holdaclothingswap.（進(jìn)行衣物交換。）”給出了一種處理舊衣物的方法，承上啟下，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Invite5-10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.”（邀請5到10個(gè)人，這樣你就有一個(gè)很好的選擇。）說明了應(yīng)該邀請的人數(shù)。下文“andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.”（可能沒有足夠的東西可供選擇；多于這個(gè)數(shù)量，它就變得無法控制。）說明多于或少于一定數(shù)量的人數(shù)將會導(dǎo)致一些麻煩。所以空白處應(yīng)是針對下文中的“morethanthat”提出的相反的假設(shè)，即少于一定數(shù)量的人。A項(xiàng)“Lesspeoplethanthat”（少于這些人）提出一種假設(shè)，和下文中“morethanthat”相對，說明人數(shù)不宜太多，也不能太少，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir“new”clotheshome.”（他們還應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)備大量的可重復(fù)使用的袋子，把他們的“新”衣服帶回家。）說明去的時(shí)候應(yīng)該為交換所得的“新衣服”準(zhǔn)備袋子。G項(xiàng)“Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition.”（告訴每個(gè)人帶來品相完好的衣服。）說明去參加衣物交換的時(shí)候應(yīng)該帶完好的衣服，其中的bring和下文中carry相對，都是為交換衣物所做的準(zhǔn)備。下文中的also也是提示詞，并且其中They指代G項(xiàng)的everyone。所以G項(xiàng)符合語境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Putdifferenttypesofclothingondifferentsurfacesintheroom.”（把不同類型的衣服放在房間的不同地方。）指出衣服應(yīng)該歸類放置。下文“Placeafewmirrorsaroundyourroomsopeoplecanseehowthingslookwhentheytrythemon.”（在房間周圍放幾面鏡子，這樣人們試穿時(shí)就能看到衣服的樣子。）提到了放置鏡子的意義。由此可見，本段講述的是房間里的一些具體的做法，所以空白處一樣要提出人們在房間里要做什么。F項(xiàng)“Haveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspots.（讓每個(gè)人的衣服都放在相應(yīng)的位置上。）”說明每個(gè)人應(yīng)該按照不同類型把衣服擺放在相應(yīng)的位置，符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“Setastartingtime.Maybeyousay“go,”orturnonacertainsong,orwhatever.”（設(shè)置開始時(shí)間。也許你說“開始”，或者打開一首歌，或者無論什么。）打開音樂或者無論什么，意味聚會開始。下文“Anddon'tforgettoputoutsomecookiesandfruits.Remember,it'saparty!”（別忘了拿出一些餅干和水果。記住，這是個(gè)派對！）講到了聚會上應(yīng)該提供一些派對該有的服務(wù)。因而，空白處應(yīng)是承接上文，講述聚會期間要保持應(yīng)有的內(nèi)容。D項(xiàng)“Justkeepmusicplayingthroughout.”（要始終播放音樂。）承上啟下，說明在派對上要有音樂，與前文形成意義上的一致，符合題意，故選D項(xiàng)。第二部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。It'stheseasidebirdsthatdeserveatleastpartoftheblameforgettingNickBurchillblacklistedattheFairmontEmpressHotelinVictoria,Canada.Burchillwas___21___atthehotelonbusinessandplanningto___22___somefriendsinthearea.Theyhadaskedhimto___23___somepepperoni(辣香腸)frombackeast.Sohe___24___asuitcasefullofpepperoni.Ashewas___25___thatitwouldbetoowarm,he___26___itoutonthetablenearanopenwindow.Hethoughthispepperoniwas___27___andwellchilled(冷卻)andhe___28___.That'swhenthingswent____29____“Irememberwalkingdownthelong_____30_____andopeningthedoortomyroomtofindanentireflockofseagulls,”Burchillsaidinarecentletterof_____31_____tothe4-starhotel."Theseagullsimmediatelywent_____32_____.Theyrushedtothewindow,30or40birdsalltryingto_____33_____atthesametime,andpepperoni—everywhere.Thecurtainswerefallingdown,thelampswerefallingdown,Itwasareal_____34_____.Olderandwisernow,Burchillchalkeduptheincidenttoyouthfulindiscretion(莽撞).“Ihave_____35_____andIadmitresponsibilityofmy_____36_____,”hesaidintheletter.“Icometoyou,_____37_____,toapologizeforthe-damageIhad_____38_____causedandtoaskyouto_____39_____mylifetimebanfromthehotel.”Hisletter_____40_____.Bannedfromthehotelsince2001.Burchillisnowwelcometocomeback,theFairmontsaid.21A.studying B.staying C.looking D.packing22.A.visit B.help C.follow D.make23.A.sell B.have C.bring D.taste24.A.filled B.locked C.abandoned D.lost25.A.surprised B.pleased C.excited D.worried26.A.dug B.cleared C.cut D.laid27.A.delicious B.safe C.soft D.ready28.A.left B.nodded C.waited D.regretted29.A.far B.funny C.wrong D.blind30.A.beach B.driveway C.hall D.table31.A.application B.apology C.request D.invitation32.A.hungry B.dead C.missing D.wild33.A.wakeup B.getout C.takeoff D.breakin34.A.mess B.puzzle C.fight D.challenge35.A.recovered B.retired C.escaped D.matured36.A.suffering B.plans C.madness D.actions37.A.handsinpocket B.noseintheair C.hatinhand D.feetontheground38.A.indirectly B.deliberately C.cautiously D.secretly39.A.replace B.remember C.reconsider D.renew40.A.arrived B.worked C.ended D.disappeared【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.A25.D26.D27.B28.A29.C30.C31.B32.D33.B34.A35.D36.D37.C38.A39.C40.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講了Burchill住酒店時(shí)，給朋友攜帶的意大利香腸招來了海鷗，海鷗在逃跑的過程中，造成了一些東西的損壞，Burchill間接給酒店造成了損失。酒店把Burchill列入了黑名單，Burchill被終身禁止入住該酒店。Burchill誠懇地寫了道歉信，請求酒店重新考慮自己被終身禁止入住酒店的決定。最終，他的信起作用了。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Burchill出差，當(dāng)時(shí)正在酒店收拾行李，準(zhǔn)備去拜訪當(dāng)?shù)氐囊恍┡笥?。A.studying研究；B.staying停留；C.looking看；D.packing包裝。根據(jù)“Burchillwas21atthehotelonbusinessandplanningto22somefriendsinthearea.”及生活常識可知，Burchill出差住在酒店，準(zhǔn)備去拜訪當(dāng)?shù)氐囊恍┡笥?，自然是在酒店收拾行李。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Burchill出差，當(dāng)時(shí)正在酒店收拾行李，準(zhǔn)備去拜訪當(dāng)?shù)氐囊恍┡笥?。A.visit拜訪；B.help幫助；C.follow跟隨；D.make制作。根據(jù)“Theyhadaskedhimto23somepepperoni(辣香腸)frombackeast.Sohe24asuitcasefullofpepperoni.”可知，朋友讓他帶一些東西，由此推知Burchill準(zhǔn)備去拜訪當(dāng)?shù)氐囊恍┡笥选９蔬xA?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們讓他從美國東部帶些意大利香腸過來。A.sell賣；B.have有；C.bring帶來；D.taste品嘗。根據(jù)“Sohe24asuitcasefullofpepperoni.”可知，Burchill的朋友讓他從美國東部帶些意大利香腸過來。故選C。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所以他裝了滿滿一箱子意大利香腸。A.filled裝滿；B.locked鎖上；C.abandoned拋棄；D.lost丟失。根據(jù)“asuitcasefullofpepperoni”和“Theyrushedtothewindow,30or40birdsalltryingto33atthesametime,andpepperoni—everywhere.”可知，他裝了滿滿一箱子意大利香腸。故選A。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因?yàn)閾?dān)心會太熱，他把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇開著的窗戶。A.surprised感到驚訝的；B.pleased高興的；C.excited興奮的；D.worried擔(dān)心的。根據(jù)“he26itoutonthetablenearanopenwindow.”可知，他擔(dān)心意大利香腸會太熱，所以把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇開著的窗戶。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因?yàn)閾?dān)心會太熱，他把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇開著的窗戶。A.dug挖；B.cleared清除；C.cut切下；D.laid放。根據(jù)“itoutonthetablenearanopenwindow”可知，他把它放在桌子上。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他以為他的意大利香腸是安全的，冷卻得很好，就走了。A.delicious美味的；B.safe安全的；C.soft柔軟的；D.ready準(zhǔn)備好。根據(jù)““Irememberwalkingdownthelong30andopeningthedoortomyroomtofindanentireflockofseagulls,”Burchillsaidinarecentletterof31tothe4-starhotel.”可知，Burchill離開了，由此推知，他以為他的意大利香腸是安全的，冷卻得很好。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他以為他的意大利香腸是安全的，冷卻得很好，就走了。A.left離開；B.nodded點(diǎn)頭；C.waited等待；D.regretted后悔。根據(jù)““Irememberwalkingdownthelong30andopeningthedoortomyroomtofindanentireflockofseagulls,”Burchillsaidinarecentletterof31tothe4-starhotel.”可知，Burchill離開了。故選A。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：事情就在這時(shí)出了問題。A.far遠(yuǎn)的；B.funny有趣的；C.wrong失常的；D.blind盲目的。根據(jù)“Theseagullsimmediatelywent32.Theyrushedtothewindow,30or40birdsalltryingto33atthesametime,andpepperoni—everywhere.Thecurtainswerefallingdown,thelampswerefallingdown,Itwasareal34.”可知，事情就在這時(shí)出了問題。故選C。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Burchill在最近給這家四星級酒店的一封道歉信中說：“我記得我走過長長的大廳，打開房門，發(fā)現(xiàn)滿滿一群海鷗。”A.beach海灘；B.driveway私人車道；C.hall大廳；D.table桌子。根據(jù)“andopeningthedoortomyroomtofindanentireflockofseagulls”可知，Burchill走過長長的大廳。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Burchill在最近給這家四星級酒店的一封道歉信中說：“我記得我走過長長的大廳，打開房門，發(fā)現(xiàn)滿滿一群海鷗。”A.application申請；B.apology道歉；C.request要求；D.invitation邀請。根據(jù)““Ihave35andIadmitresponsibilityofmy36,”hesaidintheletter.“Icometoyou,37,toapologizeforthe-damageIhad38causedandtoaskyouto39mylifetimebanfromthehotel.””可知，Burchill給酒店寫了一封道歉信。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：海鷗立刻變得瘋狂起來。A.hungry饑餓的；B.dead死亡的；C.missing失蹤的；D.wild瘋狂的。根據(jù)“Theyrushedtothewindow,30or40birdsalltryingto33atthesametime,andpepperoni—everywhere.”可知，海鷗被突然回到房間的Burchill嚇到了，變得瘋狂起來。故選D。【33題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：它們沖到窗口，30或40只鳥都想同時(shí)出去，到處都是意大利香腸。A.wakeup醒來；B.getout出去；C.takeoff起飛；D.breakin闖入。根據(jù)“Theyrushedtothewindow”及生活常識可知，鳥看到人類很害怕，想同時(shí)從窗戶逃出去。故選B。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：窗簾在落下，燈也在落下，真是一團(tuán)糟。A.mess混亂；B.puzzle不解之謎；C.fight打架；D.challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)“Thecurtainswerefallingdown,thelampswerefallingdown”可知，現(xiàn)場一片混亂。故選A。【35題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我成熟了，我承認(rèn)對自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)，”他在信中說。A.recovered恢復(fù)；B.retired退休；C.escaped逃跑；D.matured成熟。根據(jù)“andIadmitresponsibilityofmy36,”可知，這里意思是Burchill認(rèn)為自己成熟了。故選D。36題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我成熟了，我承認(rèn)對自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)，”他在信中說。A.suffering苦難；B.plans計(jì)劃；C.madness瘋狂；D.actions行為。根據(jù)“Icometoyou,37,toapologizeforthe-damageIhad38causedandtoaskyouto39mylifetimebanfromthehotel.”可知，Burchill承認(rèn)對自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)。故選D。【37題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：我來找你，恭恭敬敬地，為我間接造成的傷害道歉并請求您重新考慮我被終身禁止入住酒店的決定。A.handsinpocket手放在口袋里；B.noseintheair目中無人；C.hatinhand畢恭畢敬地；D.feetontheground腳踏實(shí)地。根據(jù)“toapologizeforthe-damageIhad38causedandtoaskyouto39mylifetimebanfromthehotel.”及生活常識可知，向別人道歉，應(yīng)該表明自己是畢恭畢敬地。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我來找你，恭恭敬敬地，為我間接造成的傷害道歉并請求您重新考慮我被終身禁止入住酒店的決定。A.indirectly間接；B.deliberately故意地；C.cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地；D.secretly秘密地。根據(jù)“Thecurtainswerefallingdown,thelampswerefallingdown”可知，作者攜帶的意大利香腸招來了海鷗，海鷗在逃跑的過程中，造成了一些東西的損壞，Burchill間接給酒店造成了損失。故選A。【39題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我來找你，恭恭敬敬地，為我間接造成的傷害道歉并請求您重新考慮我被終身禁止入住酒店的決定。A.replace取代；B.remember記得；C.reconsider重新考慮；D.renew更新。根據(jù)“mylifetimebanfromthehotel.”和“Bannedfromthehotelsince2001.Burchillisnowwelcometocomeback,theFairmontsaid.”可知，Burchill請求酒店重新考慮自己被終身禁止入住酒店的決定。故選C。【40題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他的信起作用了。A.arrived到達(dá)；B.worked起作用；C.ended結(jié)束；D.disappeared消失。根據(jù)“Bannedfromthehotelsince2001.Burchillisnowwelcometocomeback,theFairmontsaid.”可知，他的信起作用了。故選B。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It___41___(build)originallytoprotectthecity___42___theTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修復(fù)).Itispossible___43___(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.WeaccessedthewallthroughtheSouthGate.Thewallis12metershighandfromhereyoucanseestreamsofpeoplemovinginsideandoutsidetheCityWall.After___44___(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat___45___(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!We___46___(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshaky___47___didthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoall___48___wayaroundtheXi'anCityWall.Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand___49___(watchtower)tofakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir____50____(day)routines.【答案】41.wasbuilt42.in43.towalk44.spending45.better46.hired47.but48.the49.watchtowers50.daily【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者游覽西安長城的活動。【41題詳解】考查被動語態(tài)。句意：它最初是為了保護(hù)唐代的城市而建造的，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完全修復(fù)了。分析句子可知，空格處為謂語，動詞build和主語之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)（bedone），根據(jù)句意和時(shí)間狀語theTangdynasty可知，用一般過去時(shí)，謂語動詞用過去式，主語it為第三人稱單數(shù)，主謂一致，故填wasbuilt?！?2題詳解】考查介詞。句意：它最初是為了保護(hù)唐代的城市而建造的，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完全修復(fù)了。根據(jù)句意可知，表示“在某個(gè)朝代”應(yīng)用介詞in。故填in?！?3題詳解】考查動詞不定式。句意：在觀察了城墻上所有的防御設(shè)備后，我們決定是時(shí)候采取行動了，還有什么比騎在歷史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此處為句型“it+be+adj+todosth.”，it為形式主語，動詞walk的不定式短語作真正主語。故填towalk?！?4題詳解】考查動名詞。句意：在花了一些時(shí)間查看了城墻上所有的防御設(shè)備之后，我們決定是時(shí)候采取一些行動了，還有什么比騎在歷史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此處After為介詞，故spend應(yīng)用其動名詞形式作介詞賓語。故填spending。【45題詳解】考查形容詞比較級。句意：在花了一些時(shí)間查看了城墻上所有的防御設(shè)備之后，我們決定是時(shí)候采取一些行動了，還有什么比騎在歷史上更好的呢。根據(jù)后文比較連（介）詞than可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞good的比較級。故填better?！?6題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我們從南門的租賃處租了自行車。分析句子可知，此處為謂語動詞，根據(jù)上下文可知，此處描述過去發(fā)生的事情，用一般過去時(shí)，謂語動詞用過去式。故填hired。【47題詳解】考查連詞。句意：我的自行車又舊又搖搖晃晃，但還可以騎。后文didthejob和前文Mybikewasoldandshaky之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but連接。故填but。48題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：我們繞著西安城墻走了大約3個(gè)小時(shí)。結(jié)合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短語為alltheway，故用定冠詞t