賓語從句表語從句講解

會計學(xué)1賓語從句表語從句講解nounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ingV-edetc.主語謂語賓語賓語賓補表語賓語(間)賓語(直)VtV-lViNoun/PronounThe+adjV-ing/ClauseInfinitiveNoun/Pronoun/The+adjV-ing/Clause/Infinitive英語句子基本成分示意圖be/feel/seem/lookappear/become/get/grow/turngo/come/remain/keeptaste/smelletc.nounpronounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ing/V-edclauseetc.第1頁/共67頁ObjectClauses

賓語從句M3U3Grammar

第2頁/共67頁

Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主語謂語賓語（簡單句）主語謂語賓語從句連詞從句主語從句謂語

主句（復(fù)合句）第3頁/共67頁什么是賓語？Iknowhim.Doyouhavethetime?Ithink(that)sheisbeautiful.Whydon’tyoupayattentiontome?Weareexcitedthatwewinthetugofwar.

賓語位于謂語動詞或者介詞后,也可位于表示情感的形容詞之后第4頁/共67頁一、賓語從句的概念從句在復(fù)合句中作賓語的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語動詞（及物動詞）或介詞之后。

E.g.Weknow

MrGreenteachesEnglish.

Sheasked

iftheseanswerswereright.二、賓語從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）語序時態(tài)第5頁/共67頁如何區(qū)分賓語從句？They

know

theteacher.

主語謂語賓語They

know

theteacherisverykind.

主語謂語賓語從句

▲句子做賓語就是賓語從句。第6頁/共67頁

賓語從句變否定句。如果主句的主語是第一人稱I或we時，并且謂語動詞多為think、guess、believe、consider、imagine、expect等表示心理活動的詞時，變否定句要否定轉(zhuǎn)移，即否定主句。否則，變否定句看從句。

Ithinkchickencanswim（變否定句）

Idon’tthinkchickencanswim

Hesaidthathewouldgoshopping（變否定句）

Hesaidthathewouldnotgoshopping第7頁/共67頁

Wewonderhowweshalldo.Couldyoutellmewheretheyare?Webelievethattheyhavefinishedtheirtask,haven’twe?4.IamsorrythatIdidn’tknowyouwanttojointheParty.找出下列句中的賓語從句第8頁/共67頁不同引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由從屬連詞that

引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which,what

和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由從屬連詞whether,if

引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（一）引導(dǎo)詞123第9頁/共67頁e.g.Hedoesn’tdoubt(that)_______________________.Hesaid(that)______________________.Theteachertoldus(that)_______________________________.

hewillbebackinanhour

hemissedusverymuch

theearthmoves由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句注：that在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略aroundthesun第10頁/共67頁that——不能省略的2種情況（2）用it做形式賓語的賓語從句時

（it?？梢苑旁趧釉~think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作為形式賓語，而真正的賓語——that從句則放在句尾）

IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.Weheardit

thatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth.

（1）當(dāng)that作介詞except,in

賓語時Theybelieveinthatshemuststillbesingle.IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheislivinginBeijing.

第11頁/共67頁由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句Iwanttoknow______________________________________.2.Askhim_________________________.3.Iwonder____________________________.4.Couldyoutellme________________________?

if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus

whether(if)hecancome

whetheritisgoingtorainornotif/whether“是否”，說明對陳述的事物不明確或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme等后。

whether(if)

MrLiliveshere第12頁/共67頁只能用whether不能用if的情況1.在介詞后面：I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Weareworriedabout

whetheritwillraintomorrow.2.在動詞不定式前(whethertodosth.)

：Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.第13頁/共67頁3.當(dāng)與ornot連用，或提出兩種選擇時:Idon’tknowwhetherhe’sfreeornot.MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.賓語從句提前時：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.第14頁/共67頁Practicetimeif/whether1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.

2.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.

3.Iwonder___________heiswell.

4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.

5.Idon’tknow_______togo.

if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether第15頁/共67頁1.Heasked_____________________________.2.Doyouknow_________________________?3.Heasked_______________________________.4.Doyouknow_________________________?5.Pleasetellme_____________.6.Canyoutellme________________________?7.Couldyoutellme______________________?

whocouldanswerthequestion

whomtheyarewaitingfor

whosebikewasthebestintheclass

whenwe’llhaveameeting

whereheis

howIcangettothestation

whythetrainislate由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which,what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓從代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分，具有一定的意義，不可省略。第16頁/共67頁二、語序賓語從句的語序用陳述語序：連接詞+主語+謂語+其他成分第17頁/共67頁

1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?

Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.

2.Whatdidhewanttobuy?

Idon’tknowwhatdidhewanttobuy.Idon’tknowwhathewantedtobuy.主句+連接詞+從句（主+謂+其他成分）第18頁/共67頁

What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?Whathappened?

注：當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子以及what,who作主語時，語序不變：e.g.Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Canyoutellmewhoheis?做主語做賓語第19頁/共67頁否定的轉(zhuǎn)移

若主句為第一人稱（I或We)，謂語動詞為think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等，其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式。Idon’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.Idon’tthinkyouareright.

我認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿。我認(rèn)為你是錯的。

Idon’tbelieveyouwillfinishtheworktoday.

我認(rèn)為你今天無法完成工作。

第20頁/共67頁注意：①這種否定前移的賓語從句，在變成反意疑問句時，反意疑問句的主謂語要與從句一致。

Idon'tthink(that)heisinterestedinthatthing,ishe?我認(rèn)為他對那件事不感興趣，對嗎？第21頁/共67頁②如果主句的主語是第二和第三人稱時，它后面接的賓語從句的否定詞通常不前移，它的反意疑問句的主謂語應(yīng)該與主句一致，即如果主句是肯定，反意疑問部分就用否定；如果主句是否定，那么反意疑問部分就用肯定。Shethoughtthatfilmwasnotinteresting,didn'tshe?她認(rèn)為那部電影不好看，是嗎？Youthinkyoucan‘tgetup,don’tyou?你認(rèn)為你起不來，是嗎？第22頁/共67頁Iknowheliveshere.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.三、時態(tài)主句用現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，從句可用任何時態(tài)，根據(jù)實際情況而定。第23頁/共67頁2.如果主句是過去的時態(tài)（一般過去時，過去進行時），從句的時態(tài)一定要用相對應(yīng)的過去的某種時態(tài)（一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時）Iknewwholivedhere.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.Hesaidthathehadseenit.第24頁/共67頁Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.IheardthathewenttoParislastnight.3.從句說明的是一般真理、客觀事實、自然現(xiàn)象時，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.4.從句中有具體時間狀語，即使從句動作發(fā)生在主句動作前，仍用一般過去時。第25頁/共67頁主句時態(tài)從句時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時、一般將來時、祈使句時根據(jù)句意的需要用任意一種時態(tài)一般過去時與原句相對應(yīng)的過去的時態(tài)

客觀事實、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言警句、諺語等

一律用一般現(xiàn)在時第26頁/共67頁Theradiosaysit_______cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Ihearthey__________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)

willbe

goes

havereturned

hadbeen

rises第27頁/共67頁賓語從句

三要素時態(tài)Summary(小結(jié)）引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）語序第28頁/共67頁注意：

賓語從句常用于直接引語轉(zhuǎn)為間接引轉(zhuǎn)變的時候注意時態(tài)和人稱的變化

第29頁/共67頁Whatdidyourfathersay?Youareaclevergirl.MyfathersaidIwasaclevergirl.第30頁/共67頁“Iaminspace.”Whatdidhesay?Hesaidhewasinspace.第31頁/共67頁有些動詞如enjoy,love,hate,like,appreciate,take,hide,seeto,insiston,dependon,relyon等帶賓語從句時，習(xí)慣上在從句前加形式賓語it.Ihateitwhenpeopleaskmeformoney.Iwillappreciateitifyoucangivemesomemoney.第32頁/共67頁1.

Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.

Wedon'tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime

4.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABC

Practice第33頁/共67頁5.Couldyoushowme________?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation6.Pleasetellme_______.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike7.Mysistertoldhim________.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD第34頁/共67頁8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis9.Couldyoutellmehowlong__________?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina10.Hesaysthatifit_______tomorrow,he_______fishing.A.willrain,won'tgoB.rained,wasn'tgoC.rains,won'tgoD.rain,willgoBCD第35頁/共67頁Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain___shewasandwaitforhermother.A.whereB.whatC.howD.whoWillyouseeto___thatthedoorisclosedbeforeyouleave.A.whatB.itC.whenD.that

第36頁/共67頁將下列句子合并為一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketogoskiing?Heasked.4.Heisdoinghishomework.Hesaid.5.Hewillcomeback.Tomsaid.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.

Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtogoskiing.

Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.

Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.第37頁/共67頁6.Isshedoingherhomework?Jimasked.7.Whenwillhecomeback?Tomasked.8.HowcanIgettothestation?Couldyoutellme?9.Whyisthetrainlate?Wouldyoutellme?10.WhereisTom?Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.Jimaskedifshewasdoingherhomework.第38頁/共67頁PredicativeClauses

表語從句第39頁/共67頁表語從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句,放在系動詞之后,一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語+系動詞+表語從句”?？梢越颖碚Z從句的系動詞有be,look,remain,seem等。另外,常用的還有thereasonwhy…isthat…和Itisbecause…等結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：第40頁/共67頁一、表語從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）語序時態(tài)第41頁/共67頁如何區(qū)分表語從句？He

is

astudent.

主語謂語表語Thereason

isthatheisastudent.

主語謂語表語從句

▲句子做表語就是表語從句。第42頁/共67頁.表語從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)表語成分，一般放在連系動詞之后.作用:對主語進行解釋說明。連接詞：that/whether/asif/asthough（if不引導(dǎo)表語從句)連接代詞：who/whom/whose/which/what連接副詞：when/where/why/how/because

Thequestioniswhether

wecanrelyonhim.

That’sbecause

wewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.Helookedasif

hewasgoingtocry.That’swhy

Iwaslate.第43頁/共67頁肯定句：ThatiswhyIwaslate.否定句：Thatisn’twhyIwaslate.一般疑問句：Isthatwhyyouwerelate?第44頁/共67頁不同引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句由從屬連詞that

引導(dǎo)的表語從句由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which,what

和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的表語從句由從屬連詞whether引導(dǎo)的表語從句（一）引導(dǎo)詞123第45頁/共67頁由從屬連詞whether,asif引導(dǎo)的表語從句1.Thequestionis_______________________2.Iwonder_________________________.

whetheritisworthdoing.

whetheritisrightorwrong

itwasgoingtorainwhether“是否”，說明對陳述的事物不明確或不清楚。

asif表似乎，猜測

Itlookedasif____________________第46頁/共67頁表示好像,猶如Thelittleboytalksasifhewereanadult.asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的表語從句常置于系動詞look,seem,sound,become等后面，可用虛擬語氣，也可用陳述語氣。第47頁/共67頁e.g.WhatIwanttosayisthatI’msorry.ThepointisthatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的表語從句注：that在從句中不能省略第48頁/共67頁1.Thatis_________________________.2.Thatwas____________________.3.Theproblemis_____________________.4.Histroubleis______________________.

whatheisworriedabout

whytheymadeabet

howtheycangetfood

wherehecanfindhisbook由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which,what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓從代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分，具有一定的意義，不可省略。第49頁/共67頁注意：在表語從句中，表“是否”時，只能用“whether”不能用“If”。一般情況下，“that”不能省。

Itis/wasbecause….Itis/waswhy….3.Thereason(why…/for…)is/wasthat….4Thereasonisbecause/why…that….第50頁/共67頁注意表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞與賓語從句相同.但:1.that引導(dǎo)表語從句時不能省.2.if不能引導(dǎo)表語從句.

第51頁/共67頁1.Pleasetellmeyouwillgotothelecturetomorrow.2.Italldependsontheskywillclearup.3.Thequestionisthefilmiswellworthseeing.4.HewillbewelltomorrowIamnotsure.5.itistrueremainsaproblem.關(guān)聯(lián)詞比較whether/ifwhether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether第52頁/共67頁二、語序賓語從句的語序用陳述語序：連接詞+主語+謂語+其他成分第53頁/共67頁

1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?

Thequestioniswhenhewillgotothelibrary.

Thequestionis

whenwillhegotothelibrary.

2.Thatiswhatheisworriedabout.

Thatiswhatisheworriedabout.主句+連接詞+從句（主+謂+其他成分）第54頁/共67頁Itiswherehelives.Itiswherehelived10yearsago.三、時態(tài)主句用現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，從句可用任何時態(tài)，根據(jù)實際情況而定。第55頁/共67頁2.如果主句是過去的時態(tài)（一般過去時，過去進行時），從句的時態(tài)一定要用相對應(yīng)的過去的某種時態(tài)（一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時）Herwishwasthatshecouldloseweightsoon.Itlookedasifitwasgoingtorain.Thequestionwaswhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthatthetrainhadalreadyleft.第56頁/共67頁名詞主語+be+that引起的表語從句在這種句型中，常用表示事實，真理的名詞，如：fact,truth

或表示看法，觀點的名詞，如：idea,opinion,belief,view,feeling等作主語。如：1.Thefactisthatourteamhaswonthegame.2.Thetruthisthatshewastheverypersonwhoinformedagainstherhusband.第57頁/共67頁主語是表示建議、命令、要求、計劃（suggestion,advice,order,request,proposal,plan）等的名詞的時候，表語從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞用should+動詞原形，should可以省略。Thesuggestionisthatyou(should)winback.第58頁/共67頁名詞從句讓步狀語從句who表“誰”

/whoever表”….”的任何人表”不論誰”what表”什么”“所….的東西”

/whatever表”…..的任何東西”“無論什么”第59頁/共67頁who/whoever1.Thecompetitioniscoming.willattendthemeetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.2.Ibelievetakespartinthecompetitionwilltryhisbest.what/whatever3.Canyoutellmeyou‘dliketoorder?happens,don’tbesurprised.Allthefoodhereisdelicious.Justorderyoulike.whowhoeverwhatwhateverwhatever第60頁/共67頁1.That’s___t