《大學(xué)物理實驗》第九部分 附錄

PAGEPAGE273附錄附名稱符號數(shù)值和單位真空中的光速基本電荷電子質(zhì)量中子質(zhì)量質(zhì)子質(zhì)量原于質(zhì)量常量普朗克常量阿伏加德羅常數(shù)摩爾氣體常量玻耳茲曼常量萬有引力常量法拉第常量里德伯常量洛喜密德常量電子荷質(zhì)比經(jīng)典電子半徑電子靜止能量質(zhì)子靜止能量電子的康普頓波長玻爾磁矩玻爾半徑標準大氣壓標準大氣壓下理想氣體的摩爾體積真空電容率真空磁導(dǎo)率冰點絕對溫度標準狀態(tài)下聲音在空氣中的速度標準狀態(tài)下干燥空氣密度標準狀態(tài)下水銀密度鈉光譜中黃線波長cehNARKGFR?ne/meVC2.99792458×108m﹒1.60217733(49)×10-9.1093897(54)×10-311.67492716×10-271.6726231(10)×10-271.66053873×10-276.6260755(40)×10-34J.S6.0221367(36)×1023mol-18.314472J﹒mol-1﹒K-11.380658(12)×10-23J﹒K-16.67259(85)×10-11m3﹒kg-1﹒s96485.3415C﹒mol-11.0973731568548×1072.6867775×1025m1.758820174×1011C﹒kg2.817940285×10-150.510998902MeV938.271998MeV2.426310215×10-129.27400899×10-24J﹒T-15.291772083×10-111.01325×105Pa22.413996×10-3m3﹒8.854187817X10-12F﹒m1.2566370614×10-6N﹒A-2273.15K331.45m﹒1.293kg13505.04kg﹒589.3nm附（相對濕度）干球溫度計讀數(shù)/℃干濕溫度計讀數(shù)差/℃01234567891002468101214161820222426283010081634528111008468513520100857056422814100867360473523101008775635140281871008876655444342414410089786857483829201110090797060514233251791009081716254453730221510091827364564841342620100918374665951443730241009283766861544740342810092847769625649433731100928578716458504540341009385787265595348423710093867973676155504439附表3標準大氣壓下不同溫度時水的密度溫度t/℃密度/kgm-3溫度t/℃密度/kgm-3溫度t/℃密度/kgm-3012345678910111213141516999.841999.900999.941999.965999.973999.965999.941999.902999.849999.781999.700999.605999.498999.377999.244999.099998.9431718192021222324252627282930313233998.774998.595998.40599B.203997.992997.770997.638997.296997.044996.783996.512996.232995.944995.646995.340995.025994.7023435363738394041425060708090100994.371994.031993.68993.33992.96992.59992.21991.83991.44988.04983.21977.78971.80965.31958.35附表4在20℃物質(zhì)密度/103kgm-3物質(zhì)密度/103kgm-3鋁銅鐵銀金鎢鉑鉛錫水銀鋼石英2.708.947.8610.5019.2719.3021.4511.347.3013.5467.60—7.902.50—2.80水晶玻璃窗玻璃冰(0℃)甲醇乙醇乙醚汽油松節(jié)油變壓器油甘油蓖麻油2.90—3.002.40—2.700.80—0.920.790.7890.710.66—0.750.870.84—0.891.2610.96—0.97附表5海平面上不同緯度處的重力加速度緯度/(·)g/(m﹒s-2)緯度/(·)g/(m﹒s-2)0510152025303540459.780669.781069.782239.784149.786749.789959.793669.797769.802149.806655055606570758085909.811169.815549.819649.823359.826569.829169.831079.832249.83264附表6在20℃時某些金屬的楊氏模量金屬楊氏模量Y/(GPa)Y/(N﹒m-2)鋁鎢鐵鋼金銀鋅鎳鉻合金鋼碳鋼康鋼70.00～71.00415.0190.00～210.0105.0～130.079.0070.00～82.00800.0205.0240.0～250.0210.0～220.0200.00～210.0163.0(7.000～7.1000)×10104.150×1011(1.900～2.100)×1011(1.050～1.300)×10117.900×1010(7.000～8.200)×10108.000X10102.050×1011(2.400～2.500)×1011(2.100～2.200)×1011(2.000～2.100)×10111.630×1011附表7在20℃液體液體航空汽油(在10℃時)石油煤油松節(jié)油水肥皂溶液弗里昂—12蓖麻油21302428.872.75409.036.4甘油水銀甲醇(在0℃時乙醇(在60℃時(在0℃時6351322.624.522.013.424.1附表8不同溫度時與空氣接觸的水的表面張力系數(shù)溫度/℃溫度/℃溫度/℃056810111213141575.6274.9074.7674.4874.2074.0773.9273.7873.6473.481617181920212223242573.3473.2073.1572.8972.7572.6072.4472.2872.1271.963040506070809010071.1569.5567.9066.1764.4162.6060.7458.84附表9液體的粘度液體溫度/℃液體溫度/℃汽油乙醇甲醇乙醚變壓2e油蓖麻油葵花于油018—200200200202010201788530278017801190817584296243198002.42×10650000甘油蜂蜜魚甘油水銀一2002010020802080—200201001.34×1081.21×1081.499×lO11129456.50×1061.00×1054560046001855168515541224附表10不同溫度時水的粘度溫度/℃溫度/℃0102030405017871304100480165354960708090100469406355315282附表11固體的線脹系數(shù)物質(zhì)溫度或溫度范圍/℃物質(zhì)溫度或溫度范圍/℃鋁銅鐵金銀鋼(0.05％碳)康銅鉛0～1000～1000～1000～1000～1000～1000～1000～10023.817.112.214.319.612.015.229.2鋅鉑鎢石英玻璃窗玻璃花崗石瓷器0～1000～1000～10020～20020～2002020～700329.14.50.59.56.93.4～4.1附表12固體的比熱物質(zhì)溫度／℃比熱容鋁黃銅銅鉑生鐵鐵鉛鎳銀鋼鋅玻璃冰202020200—100202020202020—40—00.2140.09170.0920.0320.130.1150.03060.1150.0560.1070.0930.14—0.220.430.8950.3800.3850.1340.540.4810.1300.4810.2340.4470.3890.585～0.9201.797附表13液體的比熱容液體溫度／℃比熱容乙醇甲醇乙醚水弗利昂—12變壓器油汽油水銀02002020020200—10010500202.302.472.432.472.344.2204.1820.841.881.422.090.14650.13900.550.590.580.590.561.0090.9990.200.450.340.500.03500.0332附表14一些金屬或合金的電阻率及其溫度系數(shù)金屬或合金電阻率/溫度系數(shù)金屬或合金電阻率溫度系數(shù)鋁銅銀金鐵鉛鉑鎢0.0280.01720.0160.0240.0980.2050.1050.05542×10-443×10-440×10-440×10-460×10-437×10-439×10-448×10-4鋅錫水銀武德合金鋼(0.10％～0.15％)康銅銅錳鎳合金鎳鉻合金0.0590.120.9580.520.10～0.140.47～0.510.34～1.000.98～1.1042×10-444×10-410×10-437×10-46×10-3(-0.04～0.01)×10-3(-0.03～0.02)×10-3(0.03～0.4)×10-3附表15不同溫度時干燥空氣的聲速溫度/℃01234567896050403020100—10—20—30—40—50—60—70—80—90366.05360.51354.89349.18343.37337.46331.45325.33319.09312.72306.22299.58292.79286.84278.72271366.60361.07355.46349.75343.95338.06332.06324.71318.45312.08305.56298.91292.11285.14278.00270.67367.14361.62356.02350.33344.54338.65332.66324.09317.82311.43304.91298.24291.42284.43277.27269.92367.69362.18356.58350.90345.12339.25333.27323.47317.19310.78304.25297.56290.73283.73276.55269.18368.24362.74357.15351.47345.70339.91333.87322.84316.55310.14303.58296.89290.03283.02275.82268.43368.78363.29357.71352.04346.29340.43334.47322.22315.92309.49302.92296.21289.34282.30275.09267.68369.33363.84358.27352.62346.87341.02335.07321.60315.28308.84302.26295.53288.64281.59274.36266.93369.87364.39358.83353.19347.44341.61335.67320.97314.64308.19301.59294.85287.95280.88273.62266.17370.42364.95359.39353.75348.02342.20336.27320.34314.00307.53300.92294.16287.