高三英語一輪備考【高效課堂+備課精研】語法主謂一致

高中語法復習

主謂一致

Subject-verbagreementCouldyoufindanymistakes?主謂一致，即在句子中，謂語動詞必須在_________和________上和_________保持一致。尋其規(guī)律,大致可歸納為以下三個原則,即語法一致、意義一致、就近/就遠原則。相關概念人稱數(shù)主語什么是主謂一致？1.He

isagoodboy.2.They

aregoodboys.3.Aboy

isstandingunderthetreenow.4.Twoboys

arestandingunderthetreenow.01語法一致就近一致：語法一致：意義一致：主語為單數(shù)形式，謂語一般用

形式主語為復數(shù)形式，謂語一般用

形式盡管主語是單數(shù)形式，但表示復數(shù)意義，謂語用

形式謂語動詞的形式由

的形式來決定①Look!Agirl

isdancing,andtwoboys

aredancing.②Thecrowd

arearguingandfighting.Don'tgetclosetothem.③Notonlyanursebutalsotwodoctors

werefined(v.罰款)yesterday.單數(shù)復數(shù)復數(shù)和它最接近的主語考點總結(jié)1：當主語由and連接時，①如果表示________人或物時，或指同一概念時,謂語動詞用______，此時and后面的名詞前面______冠詞。②如果表示______的人或物時,謂語動詞用_______，此時and后面的名詞前面_____冠詞。①Theactoranddirectoroften_______(attend)RunningMan.②Theactorandthedirectoroften_______(attend)RunningMan.語法一致原則--考點1③Aknifeandfork

usedtohavemeals.attendsisattend同一個單數(shù)復數(shù)無不同有表配套或整體概念的并列結(jié)構(gòu)breadandbutter面包黃油knifeandfork刀叉whenandwhere

何時何地warandpeace戰(zhàn)爭與和平語法一致原則--考點2①Goingoutforawalkaftersupperis

agoodhabit.②Toseeistobelieve.③Whetherwe’llgodepends

ontheweather.④Everythingpays

off.

⑤Whatweneed

ismore

money,butwhattheyneedare

books.考點總結(jié)2：__________,______________,_________,____________作主語時,謂語動詞常用_____數(shù)。what引導的主語從句做主語時，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)取決于作_____語的______單復數(shù)動名詞動詞不定式從句不定代詞表名詞單觀察下列句子的主語和謂語動詞判斷定從的謂語動詞對錯①Ioftenhavelotsofideasthatinterestseveryone.

②Thestudentsliketotalkwiththeheadteacherwhoalwayscaresfortheirstudyandlife.————interest考點總結(jié)3：定語從句中關系代詞作主語時，從句中的謂語動詞與__________保持一致語法一致原則--考點3T先行詞1.SkiingintheRockyMountainsand_______(sail)intheharbour_________(make)VancouveroneofCanada'smostpopularcitiestolivein.sailingmake2.SkiingintheRockyMountainsor

sailingintheharbour_________(make)VancouveroneofCanada'smostpopularcitiestolivein.makes1.Morethanonepopstar_________(want)tobeacompetitorofRunningMan.2.Manya

student____________(read)thebooksofar.3.Eachboyand(each)girl_________(have)anapple.wantshasread語法一致原則--考點4“manya/morethanone＋單數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用______。each，every，no所修飾的名詞作主語時，即使由and連接，謂語動詞仍用________。單數(shù)單數(shù)has02意義一致①Ourfamily_____(be)abigone.②Ourfamily_______（watch）RunningMan

everyFriday.iswatch考點總結(jié)5：當family,team,class,crowd,audience,government,group,police等集體名詞作主語時，如強調(diào)整體，謂語動詞用________形式;如果強調(diào)集體中的成員，謂語動詞用_________形式。單數(shù)復數(shù)意義一致原則--考點5但集體名詞

people,police,cattle等在多數(shù)情況下謂語動詞都用復數(shù)形式。①Theteam______(have)somegoodplayers.②Theteam_____(be)handsome.hasare即學即練①Mostoftheapples

(be)rottenyesterday.

②Mostoftheapple

(be)eatenbyaratlastnight.About?one?third?of?the?books?_______?(be)worth?reading.意義一致原則--考點5werewas考點總結(jié)5：主語中有all,half,most,therest

等，以及“分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+名詞”做主語時，謂語動詞單復數(shù)取決于of后____________________________________。

名詞的單復數(shù)以及其表示的意義are課堂鞏固--語法填空There_1__(be)66studentsinourclass.Whileourclass_2__(be)big,theclass__3___(work)hardandeverybody___4__(try)tohelpothers.Notonlyourteachersbutalsotheheadmasteroften____5___(praise)us.Whatweneedmost_6__(be)knowledge.I,aswellastheclass__7__(believe)thatstudyinghard__8__(be)theonlywaytosuccess.Atlast,Ithankmyheadteacher,Mr.Liu,whoalways_____9_____(encourage)ustokeepmoving.99.9%ofthestudents__10_____________(attract)byhisinterestingclasses.areisworktriespraisesisbelieveisencouragesareattracted意義一致原則--考點6Eg:Thesick

havebeencuredandthelosthavebeenfound.表示時間、距離、重量、金額等的復數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)形式。意義一致原則--考點7“the＋形容詞”表示一類人在句中作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。1.Twentyyears

isalongtime.2.Ahundredmiles

isquitealongway.anumberof+n（復數(shù)）作主語，謂語用_____thenumberof+n（復數(shù)）作主語，謂語用_____復數(shù)單數(shù)①Anumberofpeople__________(dream)ofjoiningthejury(聽審團)ofIAMASINGER.②Thenumberofthemembersofthejury___(be)500.dreamis①Hewasoneoftheboyswho______(be)late.②Hewastheoneoftheboyswho_____(be)late.werewasoneofthen.pl+...+定從謂語復數(shù)；theonlyoneofthen.pl+...+定從謂語單數(shù)意義一致原則--考點8意義一致原則--考點903就近/遠原則就近一致原則--考點10①Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher

(enjoy)listeningtothemusic.②Notonlytheteacherbutalsothestudents

(enjoy)listeningtothemusic.③There

(be)sevenplayersandacoachontheplayground.enjoysenjoyare考點總結(jié)10：用連詞notonly…butalso,or,either…or,neither…nor,not…but…

等連接并列主語時，以及there/herebe句型時，謂語動詞應與

保持一致。最近的主語①Thestudents,togetherwiththeirteacher,

(plant)treesinthegardennow.areplanting②It'ssaidthatKangHui

aswellas

otherfourmembers_____(be)goingtoturnupintheshow,Chineseversion,HelloLife.is考點總結(jié)11：主語后面ratherthan,including,

like(像)//

with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas//but(除了),except,without,besides,inadditionto等引導的短語時,謂語動詞的數(shù)要與______________保持一致。前面的主語就前/遠原則就遠一致原則--考點1103特殊情況aquantityof后接不可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，后接可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。quantitiesof后無論接可數(shù)名詞還是接不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞均用復數(shù)形式。Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth_____(be)beingwashedawayeachyear．a(chǎn)largeamountof,amountsof

的意思是“大量的”,一般修飾的不可數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語的數(shù)取決于amount的數(shù)。are考點12鞏固練習單句填空1.Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers__________（give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.（2019江蘇）2.Thegovernment____________(encourage)farmerstogrowcorninsteadofricetoimprovewaterquality.(2018全國Ⅱ)3.Fastfood______(be)fulloffatandsalt.（2017全國Ⅰ）4.Whenfatandsalt_______________(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.（2017全國Ⅰ）5.Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow______(be)oftenacceptable.（2016全國Ⅱ）6.Nowtheteachertogetherwiththestudents______(discuss)ReadingSkillsthat______(be)newlypublishedinAmerica.has

given

encourages

is

areremoved

isisdiscussingwas

IwasbornandbroughtupinGlasgow,Scotland.Attheageofeight,Ibecameinterestedinpoetryand__1_____(start)writingitmyself.Luckily,IgotsomeworkspublishedintheUKandtheUSA,whichinspiredmealot.

However,onenightwhenIwasinmyearlytwentiesIwentintoadrunkendepressionandburnedallmyworks,includingallmypoetryandsomeshortstories.Later,IbegantoregretwhatI____2_____(do).IneverwroteanyotherformofwritingafterIstartedwritingpoetryagain.Thenit______3_________(discover)thatIhadabraintumour(腦腫瘤).Afterit_____4______(remove),Ineededsixweeksoftreatmenttorecover.語法填空startedhaddonewasdiscoveredwasremoved

Surprisingly,itwasatthistimethatIworkedhardonwriting.Iwrotemyfirstfull-lengthfictionalstory,whichisnowforsaleonAmazonKindleasTheGlaswegian.RecentlyI________5______(write)ashortstorycalledSolomonAbrahamsforaBBCinternationalshortstorycompetition.Iwon'tknowtheresultuntiltheendof2014.Nomatterwhattheresult__6__(be),IhavemadeupmymindthatIwillneveragaingiveupwriting.havewrittenis單句語法填空1.Theteacherandpoetoften

(give)lecturesaroundthecity.2.IthinkTom，ratherthanyou

(be)toblamefortheincident；thatistosay，youareinnocent.3.NobodybutJimandMike

(be)ontheplaygroundnow.4.AsfarasIknow，hisfamily

notverylargebutthefamily

allmusiclovers.(be)givesisisisare5.Thepoor

(be)lookeddownuponintheolddays.6.NeitherhisparentsnorI

(be)abletopersuadehimtochangehismind.7.Listeningtoloudmusicandrockconcerts

(cause)hearinglossinsometeenagerssofar.8.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeassheistheonlyoneofthewomenwho

(wear)eveningdress.wereamhascausedwears單句語法填空1.TheXi’anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina’slonghistory.It

(build)originallytoprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修復).(2021·全國甲)2.GoingtoMountHuangshan

(remind)meofthepopularBeatles’song“TheLongandWindingRoad”.(2021·新高考全國Ⅰ)對接高考技法指導wasbuiltreminds3.Itiscalculatedbydividingaperson’sweightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared，andaBMIofbetween19and25

(consider)healthy.(2021·浙江1月)4.Often，onlyasmallpartofamuseum’scollection

(be)ondisplay.Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch.(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ)isconsideredis書面表達請運用主謂一致正確翻譯以下句子。1.我的同桌Tom來自美國,是我最好的朋友。(定語從句)___________________________________________________2.他和他的父母在廉江生活得很開心。(aswellas)___________________________________________________3.Tom和他的父母，都不覺得難以適應中國的生活。（neither…nor,finditadj.todo）____________________________________________________4.我和Tom都非常喜歡數(shù)學，但是學好數(shù)學對他來說是難的。