Unit 4 Extended Reading 高中英語(yǔ)牛津譯林版（2020）必修第三冊(cè)

TheValueofScienceline2:ButthenduringthewarIworkedontheatomicbomb.workon:從事，致力于line3：Thisresultofsciencewasobviouslyveryserious--itrepresentedthedestructionofpeopleanditputourfutureatrisk.⑴serious:adj.嚴(yán)重的represent：/irepriient/v.代表；意味著rn./'prez(a)nt/禮物present:-v./pri'zent/呈現(xiàn)；贈(zèng)送presentsituation前置定語(yǔ)當(dāng)前的,現(xiàn)存的studentspresentarefromClass2.后置定語(yǔ)，出席的，在場(chǎng)⑶destruction：n.毀滅一destroyv.毀滅（不可修復(fù)）Wdamagev.損壞（可修復(fù)）putourfutureatrisk:賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)asksb.todosth.賓補(bǔ)givesb.sth.間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)leavemealone賓補(bǔ)Wemadehimourmonitor.賓補(bǔ)Wemadehimacake.雙賓line6:Putanotherway,whatisthevalueofthescience(Ihadlongdevotedmyselfto)—thethingIhadloved-whenIsawwhatterriblethingsitcoulddo?putanotherway=inotherwords換句話說(shuō)Putanotherway,youareagoodboy.line10：Thefirstwayinwhichscienceisvaluableisfamiliartoeveryone:scientificknowledgeenablesustodoandmakeallkindsofthings.enable:v.en-使役動(dòng)詞詞綴encouragestrengthenwidenlengthenenablesb.todosth.⑵of+n.=adj.ofvalue=valuableofimportance=importantThesciencetechnologyisofgreatimportancetohumanbeings.fThesciencetechnologyis_veryimportanttohumanbeings.line11:Ofcourse,ifwemakegoodthings,itisnotonlytothecreditofscience;(but)itisalsotothecreditofthemoralchoicewhichledustogoodwork.tothecreditof:歸功于；因而夸贊notonly...butalso...用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)對(duì)等的成分，notonly和butalso后面的詞類(lèi)要一致。另外,but或also可以省略,一般省略also,例如：①連接兩個(gè)并列的主語(yǔ)(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)遵循“就近原那么”，即與also后面的主語(yǔ)一致)e.g.:NotonlyJimbutalsohisparentsare_(be)fondofwatchingfootballmatches.Notonlyyoubutalsohe_is(be)tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.②連接兩個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)：Heplaysnotonlythepianobutalsotheviolin.③連接兩個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)：Shecannotonlysingbutalsodance.Inotonlyplaytennisbutalsopractiseshooting.?連接兩個(gè)并列的表語(yǔ)：Shakespearewasnotonlyawriterbutalsoanactor.⑤連接兩個(gè)并列的定語(yǔ)：Manhasbecomemasternotonlyoftheskybutalsoofthespace.征月艮⑥連接兩個(gè)并列的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)：HespeaksEnglishnotonlyintheclassroombutalsointhedormitory.⑦連接兩個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：Lightandbrightcolorsmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutalsoactive.⑧連接兩個(gè)并列的句子：Inotonlyheardit,but(also)Isawit.Ofcourse,ifwemakegoodthings,itisnotonlytothecreditofscience;(but)itisalsotothecreditofthemoralchoicewhichledustogoodwork.(notonly位于句首時(shí)，第一個(gè)分句要用局部倒裝)Theteacherhimselfisnotonlyinterestedinforeignfilms,butalsothestudentsarebeginningtoshowaninterestinthem.Ontonlyistheteacherhimselfinterestedinforeignfilms,butalsothestudentsarebeginningtoshowaninterestinthem.Henotonlyhasafirst-class(優(yōu)秀的，一。流的)brainbutalsoheisatremendously(非常地，驚人地)hardworker.一Notonly_doeshehaveafirst-classbrainbutalsoheisatremendouslyhardworker.line13:Scientificknowledgeisanenablingpowertodoeithergoodorbad----butitdoesnotcarryinstructionsonhowtoapplyit.Suchpowerhasobviousvalue---eventhoughthepowermaybenegatedbywhatonedoeswithit.line18:Whenwelookatanyquestiondeeplyenough,wefeeltheexcitementandmysterycomingtousagainandagain.O.C.line19:Withmoreknowledgecomesadeeper,morewonderfulmystery,inspiringonetolookdeeperstill.inspirev.鼓舞stilladv.(可以用來(lái)加強(qiáng)比擬級(jí))還要，更line20：Neverconcernedthattheanswermayletusdown,withpleasureandconfidenceweturnovereachnewstonetofindunimaginedstrangenessleadingontomorewonderfulquestionsandmysteries.letsb.down：turnovereachnewstone:line25:Iwouldnowliketoturntoathirdvaluethatsciencehas.a/an+序數(shù)詞+n.=another+n.line27：Whenascientistdoesn'tknowtheanswertoaproblem,heisignorant.theanswertoaproblem/questionthekey_to_thelockthesolutiontotheproblemthesecretto...theentranceto...line28:Whenhehasanideaastowhattheresultis,heisuncertain.⑴what引導(dǎo)從句，語(yǔ)序asto:關(guān)于line30:Now,wescientiststakeitforgrantedthatitisperfectlypossibletoliveandnotknow.takeitforgrantedthat:line31：Butourfreedomtodoubtwasbornoutofadeepandstrongstruggleagainstauthorityintheearlydaysofscience.⑴freedomtodo:做某事的自由⑵bebornoutof:因而產(chǎn)生/成立strugglen./v.奮斗，掙扎authority:n.權(quán)威line34：Wemustrecognizeourignoranceandleaveroomfordoubt.leaveroomfor:給留空間line37:最后一段Itisourresponsibilityasscientists,knowingthegreatprogressthatisthefruitoffreedomofthought,todeclarethevalueofthisfreedom;toteachhowdoubtisnottobefearedbuttobewelcomedanddiscussed;andtodemandthisfreedomasourdutytoallcominggenerations.⑴thefruitof:的成果/成效/結(jié)果not...but...:不是而是coming:adj.即將到來(lái)的；下一個(gè)allcominggenerations:后代Itisourresponsibilitytodosth.:做某事是我們的職責(zé)/我們有責(zé)任做某事其中it作形式主語(yǔ)，todo不定式作真正的主語(yǔ)，因此，這里todeclare...toteach...todemand...三個(gè)并列的todo不定式(排比句)作真正的主語(yǔ)。而knowing...thought,作非限制性定語(yǔ)修飾前面的scientists,其中that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的progress。這段話的字面翻譯為：去聲明自由的價(jià)值；教導(dǎo)人們自由是不應(yīng)被懼怕而應(yīng)被歡迎和討論的；要求將這種自由作為我們對(duì)后代的責(zé)任，是我們作為能夠了解思想自由帶來(lái)的偉大進(jìn)步的科學(xué)家的責(zé)任。按照中文習(xí)慣進(jìn)行調(diào)整后：認(rèn)識(shí)到思想自由帶來(lái)的偉大進(jìn)步，作為科學(xué)家，我們有職責(zé)去聲明自由的價(jià)值，教導(dǎo)人們不要懼怕自由而應(yīng)接受和討論自由，并要求將這種自由作為我們對(duì)子孫后代的責(zé)任。(我將翻譯調(diào)整后，失去了排比句的作用，同學(xué)們可以嘗試將排比句翻譯出來(lái)，然后發(fā)給我，我們展示一下。)line41:AdaptedfromapubliclecturebyRichardFeynman,anAmericanscientistwhowontheNobelPrizeinPhysicsin1965