公共管理學專業(yè)英語詞匯

公共治理學專業(yè)英語詞匯mission/objectiveinternalenvironmentexternalenvironmentgroupobjective打算planning組織organizingstaffingleadingcontrollingprocessprinciple方法techniquemanagergeneralmanager行政人員administrator主管人員supervisor企業(yè)enterprise商業(yè)businessindustrycompanyeffectivenessefficiency企業(yè)家entrepreneur權利powerauthorityresponsibilityscientificmanagementmodernoperationalmanagement行為科學behaviorscienceproductivity鼓勵motivate動機motivelawregulationeconomicsystemmanagerialfunctionproductserviceprofit滿足satisfaction歸屬affiliationesteemself-actualization人力投入humaninputsurplusincomecost資本貨物capitalgoodsmachineryequipmentbuildinginventory閱歷法theempiricalapproach人際行為法theinterpersonalbehaviorapproach集體行為法thegroupbehaviorapproach協(xié)作社會系統(tǒng)法thecooperativesocialsystemsapproach社會技術系統(tǒng)法thesocial-technicalsystemsapproach決策理論法thedecisiontheoryapproachthemathematicalapproach系統(tǒng)法thesystemsapproach隨機制宜法thecontingencyapproach治理任務法themanagerialrolesapproachtheoperationalapproach人際關系humanrelationpsychologyattitudepressureconflictrecruit鑒定appraisal選拔select培訓train酬勞compensation授權delegationofauthority協(xié)調coordinate業(yè)績performancemeritsystembehaviorsubordinatedeviation檢驗記錄inspectionrecord誤工記錄recordoflabor-hourslost銷售量salesvolume產(chǎn)品質量qualityofproducts先進技術advancedtechnology顧客效勞customerservice策略strategy構造structure領先性primacypervasiveness憂慮fearresentment士氣morale辭退layoffwholesale零售retail程序procedure規(guī)章rule規(guī)劃program預算budget共同作用synergy大型聯(lián)合企業(yè)conglomerate資源resource購置acquisition增長目標growthgoal專利產(chǎn)品proprietaryproduct競爭對手rival晉升promotion治理決策managerialdecision商業(yè)道德businessethics有競爭力的價格competitiveprice供貨商supplier小販vendor利益沖突conflictofinterests派生政策derivativepolicy開expenseaccount批準程序approvalprocedure病假sickleave休假vacation工時labor-hour機時machine-hour資本支出capitaloutlay現(xiàn)金流量cashflow工資率wagerate稅收率taxrate股dividend現(xiàn)金狀況cashposition資金短缺capitalshortageoverallbudget資產(chǎn)負債表balancesheetfeasibility投入原則thecommitmentprinciple投資回報returnoninvestment生產(chǎn)力量capacitytoproducepractitioner最終結果endresultperformance個人利益personalinterest福利welfare市場占有率marketshare創(chuàng)innovation生產(chǎn)率productivity利潤率profitability社會責任publicresponsibility董事會boardofdirector組織規(guī)模sizeoftheorganizationorganizationalculturemanagementbyobjectives評價工具appraisaltool鼓勵方法motivationaltechniques掌握手段controldevice個人價值personalworth優(yōu)勢strength弱點weaknessopportunity威逼threat個人責任personalresponsibility參謀counselor定量目標quantitativeobjective定性目標qualitativeobjective可考核目標verifiableobjective優(yōu)先priority工資表payroll策略strategy政策policy敏捷性discretion多種經(jīng)營diversification評估assessmentconsistency應變策略consistencystrategy公共關系publicrelation價值value抱負aspiration偏見prejudice審查review批準approval主要打算majordecision分公司總經(jīng)理divisiongeneralmanager資產(chǎn)組合距陣portfoliomatrix明星star問號questionmark現(xiàn)金牛cashcow賴狗dog選購procurementdemographicfactorgeographicfactorcompanyimage產(chǎn)品系列productline合資企業(yè)jointventure破產(chǎn)政策liquidationstrategyretrenchmentstrategytacticsfollowership共性individuality性格personality安全safety自主權l(xiāng)atitude悲觀的pessimistic靜止的static樂觀的optimistic動態(tài)的dynamic敏捷的flexible抵抗resistance敵對antagonism折中eclectic鼓勵motivation潛意識subconscious地位status情感affection欲望desire壓力pressuresatisfaction自我實現(xiàn)的需要needsforself-actualization敬重的需要esteemneeds歸屬的需要affiliationneeds安全的需要securityneeds生理的需要physiologicalneeds維持maintenance保健hygiene鼓勵因素motivator概率probability強化理論reinforcementtheory反響feedback獎金bonus股票期權stockoption勞資糾紛labordispute缺勤率absenteeism人員流淌turnover嘉獎reward特許經(jīng)營franchise熱誠zeal信念confidenceinspire要素ingredientloyaltydevotionstyletraitadaptabilityaggressivenessenthusiasmpersistence人際交往力量interpersonalskillsadministrativeability智力intelligence專制式領導autocraticleader民主式領導democraticleader自由放任式領導free-reinleader治理方格圖themanagerialgrid工workefficiency聽從obedience領導行為leaderbehaviorsupportiveleadership參與型領導participativeleadership指導型領導instrumentalleadershipachievement-orientedleadershipAutomatedinspection自動化檢驗automaticassemblysystem自動扮裝配系統(tǒng)appliedbiomechanics應用生物力學CAD/CAM計算機關心設計與制造computerintegratedmanufacturingsystem計算機整合制造系統(tǒng)datastructure數(shù)據(jù)構造databasemanagementsystem數(shù)據(jù)庫治理系統(tǒng)decisionanalysis決策分析engineeringeconomy工程經(jīng)濟engineeringstatisticsfacilitiesplanning設施規(guī)劃factorydiagnoisisandimprovementmethod工廠診斷與改善方法financialandcostanalysis財務與本錢分析fuzzytheoryandapplication模糊理論與應用human-computerinteraction(HCI)人因工程與計算機系統(tǒng)humanfactorsengineering人因工程humaninformationprocessing人類訊息處理human-machinesystemdesign人機系統(tǒng)設計humanresourcemanagement人力資源治理humansystemdiagnosisandimprovement人體系統(tǒng)診斷與改善industrialenvironmentevaluation工業(yè)環(huán)境評估industrialorganizationsandmanagement工業(yè)組織與治理industrialsafety工業(yè)安全informationtechnology信息技術intellectualpropertylaws才智財產(chǎn)權法knowledgeengineering學問工程linearalgebra線性代數(shù)manufacturingautomationmanufacturingengineering制造工程manufacturingmanagement制造治理manufacturingprocess制造程序manufacturingsystemsandmanagement制造系統(tǒng)與治理marketandmarketing市場與行銷materialflowsautomation物流自動化mathematicalprogramming數(shù)學規(guī)劃multicriteriadecisionmaking多目標規(guī)劃multi-criteriadecisionmethods多準則決策分析networkanalysis網(wǎng)絡分析numericalanalysis數(shù)值分析organizationandmanagement組織與治理productandtechnologydevelopmentmanagement產(chǎn)品與技術開發(fā)治理productionmanagement生產(chǎn)治理productionplanningandcontrol生產(chǎn)打算與管制qualitycontrol質量治理qualityengineering品質工程qualitymanagementtechniquesandpractice品質治理queueingtheory等候線理論reliabilityengineering牢靠度工程research，developmentandinnovationmanagement爭論進展治理semiconductorproductionmanagement半導體生產(chǎn)治理sequencingandscheduling排序與排程simulation模擬分析statisticalmethod統(tǒng)計方法stochasticprocessesstrategicmanagementoftechnology技術策略systemanalysisanddesigninlargescale大型系統(tǒng)分析與設計systemperformanceevaluation系統(tǒng)績效評估技術systemqualityassuranceengineering系統(tǒng)品質保證工程systemsengineering系統(tǒng)工程systemssimulation系統(tǒng)仿真visionandcolors視覺與顏色workphysiology工作生理學workstudy工作爭論AccountingAssistantAccountingClerk記帳員AccountingManagerAccountingStall會計部職員AccountingSupervisor會計主管AdministrationManager行政經(jīng)理AdministrationStaff行政人員AdministrativeAssistantAdministrativeClerk行政辦事員AdvertisingStaff廣告工作人員AirlinesSalesRepresentative航空公司定座員AirlinesStaff航空公司職員ApplicationEngineerAssistantManager副經(jīng)理BondAnalystBondTraderBusinessControllerBusinessManager業(yè)務經(jīng)理BuyerCashier出納員ChemicalEngineer化學工程師CivilEngineer土木工程師Clerk/Receptionist/接待員ClerkTypist&Secretary文書打字兼秘書ComputerDataInputOperator計算機資料輸入員ComputerEngineer計算機工程師ComputerProcessingOperator計算機處理操作員ComputerSystemManager計算機系統(tǒng)部經(jīng)理Copywriter廣告文字撰稿人DeputyGeneralManager副總經(jīng)理EconomicResearchAssistant經(jīng)濟爭論助理ElectricalEngineer電氣工程師EngineeringTechnician工程技術員EnglishInstructor/Teacher英語教師ExportSalesManager外銷部經(jīng)理ExportSalesStaff外銷部職員FinancialControllerFinancialReporterF.X.(ForeignExchange)Clerk外匯部職員F.X.SettlementClerk外匯部核算員FundManager財務經(jīng)理GeneralAuditor審計長GeneralManager/President總經(jīng)理GeneralManagerAssistant總經(jīng)理助理GeneralManager”sSecretary總經(jīng)理秘書HardwareEngineer計算機硬件工程師ImportLiaisonStaff進口聯(lián)絡員ImportManager進口部經(jīng)理InsuranceActuaryInternationalSalesStaff國際銷售員Interpreter口語翻譯LegalAdviser法律參謀LineSupervisorMaintenanceEngineerManagementConsultant治理參謀Manager經(jīng)理ManagerforPublicRelations公關部經(jīng)理ManufacturingEngineer制造工程師ManufacturingWorker生產(chǎn)員工MarketAnalyst市場分析員MarketDevelopmentManager市場開發(fā)部經(jīng)理MarketingManager市場銷售部經(jīng)理MarketingStaff市場銷售員MarketingAssistant銷售助理MarketingExecutive銷售主管MarketingRepresentativeMarketingRepresentativeManager市場調研部經(jīng)理MechanicalEngineer機械工程師MiningEngineer采礦工程師MusicTeacher音樂教師NavalArchitect造船工程師OfficeAssistantOfficeClerk職員OperationalManagerPackageDesigner包裝設計師PassengerReservationStaff乘客票位預訂員PersonnelClerk人事部職員PersonnelManagerPlant/FactoryManager廠長PostalClerk郵政人員PrivateSecretary私人秘書ProductManager生產(chǎn)部經(jīng)理ProductionEngineerProfessionalStaff專業(yè)人員Programmer電腦程序設計師ProjectStaff工程籌劃人員PromotionalManagerProof-reader校對員PurchasingAgent選購進貨員QualityControlEngineer質量治理工程師RealEstateStaff房地產(chǎn)職員RecruitmentCo-ordinator聘請協(xié)調人RegionalManger地區(qū)經(jīng)理Research＆.DevelopmentEngineerRestaurantManager飯店經(jīng)理SalesandPlanningStaff銷售打算員SalesAssistant銷售助理SalesClerk店員、售貨員SalesCoordinatorSalesEngineer銷售工程師SalesExecutive銷售主管SalesManager銷售部經(jīng)理Salesperson銷售員SellerRepresentativeSalesSupervisor銷售監(jiān)管SchoolRegistrar學校注冊主任SecretarialAssistantSecretary秘書SecuritiesCustodyClerk保安人員SecurityOfficer安全人員SeniorAccountant高級會計SeniorConsultant/AdviserSeniorEmployee高級雇員SeniorSecretary高級秘書ServiceManagerSimultaneousInterpreterSoftwareEngineer計算機軟件工程師Supervisor監(jiān)管員SystemsAdviser系統(tǒng)參謀SystemsEngineer系統(tǒng)工程師SystemsOperator系統(tǒng)操作員TechnicalEditor技術編輯TechnicalTranslatorTechnicalWorker技術工人TelecommunicationExecutive電訊〔電信〕員Telephonist/Operator接線員、話務員TouristGuide導游TradeFinanceExecutiveTraineeManager培訓部經(jīng)理TranslationCheckerTranslator翻譯員TrustBankingExecutiveTypist打字員WordprocessorOperatorAaccessdiscriminationactionresearch動作爭論adjourning解散adhocracy特別構造administrativeprinciple治理原則artifacts人工環(huán)境artificialintelligence人工智能工巧匠avoidinglearning躲避性學習ambidextrousapproach雙管齊下策略Bbalancesheetbcgmatrix波士頓詢問集團矩陣bonafideoccupationqualifications善意職業(yè)資格審查boundedrationality有限理性bureaucracy官僚機構benchmarkingboundedrationalityperspective有限理性方法boundary-spanningroles跨超邊界作用Ccomputer-aideddesignandcomputer-automatedmanufacturing(cad/cam)計算機關心設計與計算機自動生產(chǎn)confrontationconsortiachangeagentchaostheory混沌理論charismaticleaderscharityprinciple博愛原則coercivepower強制權cohesiveness分散力collaborativemanagement合作型治理comparableworth可比較價值competitivebenchmarking競爭性基準confrontationmeeting碰頭會constancyofpurpose永久性目標contingencyapproach權變理論corporatesocialperformance公司社會表現(xiàn) corporatesocialresponsibility公司社會責任corporatesocialresponsiveness公司社會反響criticalincident關鍵大事currentassets流淌資產(chǎn)currentliabilities流淌負債culturestrengthcreativedepartment制造性部門crafttechnologycontextualdimension關聯(lián)性維度continuousprocessproduction連續(xù)加工生產(chǎn)collectivitystage集體化階段clancontrolclanculture小團體文化coalition聯(lián)合團體collaborative協(xié)作網(wǎng)絡centrality集中性centraliazation集權化charismaticauthority竭盡忠誠的權力Ddecentralization分權democracymanagement民主治理departmentalizationdifferentialratesystem差異酬勞系統(tǒng)dialecticalinquirymethodsdivisionoflabor勞動分工downwardmobility降職流淌dynamicengagement動態(tài)融合dynamicnetwork動態(tài)網(wǎng)絡domain領域directinterlock直接穿插divisionalform事業(yè)部模式differentiationstrategydecisionpremise決策前提dual-coreapproach二元核心模式Eelectronicdata-processing(edp)employee-orientedstyle工導向型風格empowermentencoding解碼end-usercomputingentrepreneurship企業(yè)家精神equityequitytheory公正理論espousedvalueethnocentricmanager種族主義的治理者expectancytheory期望理論expensebudget支出預算expensecenter費用中心externalaudit外部審計externalstakeholders外部利益相關者extrinsicrewards外部嘉獎ethicombudsperson倫理巡察官externaladaption外部適應性elaborationstage精細階段entrepreneurialstage創(chuàng)業(yè)階段escalatingcommitment頑固認同F(xiàn)familygroupfinancialstatement財務報表flathierarchiesflexiblebudget彈性預算force-fieldtheoryformalauthority合法權力formalsystematicappraisal正式的系統(tǒng)評估franchise特許經(jīng)營權formalizationstagefunctionalgrouping職能組合formalchannelofcommunication正式溝通渠道Ggametheorygeneralfinancialcondition一般財務狀況geocentricmanager全球化治理者generalmanager總經(jīng)理globalization全球化gossipchain傳言鏈grapevineglobalstrategicpartnership全球戰(zhàn)略伙伴關系generalenvironment一般環(huán)境generalist全面戰(zhàn)略geographicgroupingglobalcompany全球公司globalgeographicstructure全球區(qū)域構造Hhawthorneeffectheuristicprinciples啟發(fā)性原理hierarchy科層制度hiringspecification聘請細則horizontallinkagemodelhybridstructure混合構造hightech高接觸high-velocityenvironments高倍速環(huán)境Iimpoverishedmanagement放任式治理incomestatement損益表informationtransformationinfrastructure根底設施integrativeprocessintelligententerprises智力企業(yè)internalaudit內部審計internalstakeholder內部相關者internship實習intrapreneurship內部企業(yè)家精神intrinsicreward內在酬勞inventory庫存,存貨internalintegrationinterorganizationrelationship系intergroupconflictinterlockingdirectorate穿插董事會institutionalperspectiveintuitivedecisionmakingideachampion構思提倡者incrementalchange漸進式變革informalorganizationalstructure非正式組織構造informalperformanceappraisal非正式業(yè)績評價Jjobdescriptionjobdesign職務設計jobenlargementjobenrichmentjobrotationjobspecialization職務專業(yè)化Kkeyperformanceareas關鍵業(yè)務區(qū)keyresultareas關鍵績效區(qū)Llaborproductivityindex勞動生產(chǎn)力指數(shù)laissezmanagement自由化治理largebatchproduction大批量生產(chǎn)lateralcommunication橫向溝通leadershipstyleleastpreferredco-worker(lpc)最不寵愛的同事legitimatepower合法權力liability負債liaisonlineauthority直線職權l(xiāng)iquidityliaisonrolelong-linkedtechnologylossesfromconflictlow-costleadership低本錢領先MmanagementbyobjectiveManagerialGrid治理方格matrixbosses矩陣主管managementchampion治理提倡者materials-requirementsplanning(MRP)物料需求打算Mslow,shierarchyofneeds馬斯洛需求層次論marketingargument治理文化多元化營銷觀multiculturalism文化多元主義multidivisionalfirmmoralrulesmanagementbywalkingaround(MBWA)走動式治理matrixstructuremultinationalenterprise(MNE)跨國公司moralrelativism道德相對主義mechanisticsystem機械式組織middle-of-the-roadmanagement中庸式治理mesotheory常態(tài)理論multidomesticstrategy多國化戰(zhàn)略mediatingtechnology調停技術Nna?verelativismneed-achievementnorming標準化norms標準nonprogrammeddecisionsnonsubstitutability非替代性nonroutinetechnology非例行技術niche領地Ooff-the-jobtrainingon-the-jobtraining在職培訓operationalbudget運營預算orderbacklog訂單儲藏organicsystemorganizationaldevelopment(OD)組織進展orientation定位outcomeinterdependence結果的相互依靠性outplacementservicesorganizationecosystem組織生態(tài)系統(tǒng)Pparadoxofauthorityparadoxofcreativity制造力的沖突paradoxofdisclosure開放的沖突paradoxofidentify身份的沖突paradoxofindividuality共性的沖突paradoxofregression回歸的矛盾partialproductivityparticipativemanagementpath-goalmodel路徑目標模型peerrecruiter同級聘請politicalactioncommittees(PACs)政治活動委員會polycentricmanager多中心治理者portfolioframework業(yè)務組合框架portfolioinvestment資產(chǎn)組合投資positivereinforcement正強化productionflexibility生產(chǎn)柔性profitability收益率programmeddecisionspsychoanalyticview精神分析法paradigm范式personalratios人員比例pooleddependenceprofessionalbureaucracy專業(yè)官僚機構problemidentification問題識別problemisticsearch問題搜尋populationecologymodel種群生態(tài)模型Qqualityqualitycircle質量圈questionmarkquidproquo交換物Rrationalmodelofdecisionmaking理性決策模式realisticjobpreview(RJP)實際工作預覽reciprocalinterdependence相互依存性resourcedependence資源依靠理論routinetechnology例行技術retention保存rationalapproachrationalmodel理性模型rational-legalauthority理性—合法權威Ssemivariablecost準可變本錢se