2020年高考真題-英語（北京卷）+Word版含答案【KS5U+高考】

高考資源網(wǎng)（）您身邊的高考專家PAGE13-版權(quán)所有@高考資源網(wǎng)絕密★本科目考試啟用前2020年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（北京卷）英語本試卷共12頁，共120分。考試時長100分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AOliverisahostofaTVprogrammeonfood.Hesaysfood1(play)abigroleinhislife."Mymumwasagreatcook,andshe'dsometimesletmehaveatry,"hesaid.ThefirstdishOliverpreparedforhisfamilywasfriedchickenwings.Hemadeitwithhismum'shelp.Oliversaysifyou're2(luck)enoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking,askthem3youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.BSingle-useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey4(throw)away.Ittakesthemhundredsofyears5(break)down.Manyofthesebagsendupintheoceanwherelargeronescantropseacreatures,suchasturtlesanddolphins.Overtime,thebagsfallapart6countlesstinypieces,andfishcamaccidentallyeatsomeofthem.Now,lotsof7(country)andregionsaretakingactiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.CApieceofstone8(find)onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincthumanrelatives,knownasNeanderthals,wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.TheNeanderthals9（live）alongsidehumanancestorsinEuropefortensofthousandsofyears,beforedyingoutabout40,000yearsago.Theyweremuchstrongerthanmodernhumans,butit'slongbeenassumedthathumanancestorswere10（smart）thantheNeanderthals.However,thestonetoolmadebyNeanderthalssuggestsotherwise.第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的4、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Myfaithinhumannaturehasneverbeensogreatasitwaslastweekendafterourfamilyget-togetherinthetownofVailOnSaturday,weallwenttothemarketrightinthemiddleofthetown.Neartheend,weall11atthefountainnearthebridge,andthekidswaded（蹚水）aroundinthefountainuntilwe12Thisisoneofthebusiestwalkingstreets.Afterwereturnedtothehotellateintheafternoon,my7-year-oldsonPonder13thatnowherecouldhefindhisbackpack,which14hisGameboyandhiswatch.Afterathorough15wedeterminedthathemusthaveleftitatthefountain.Ponderhasnever16anything.Sowejusttakeforgrantedthatheneedsnosupervision（指導(dǎo)）formanaginghis17.Hewasupset,notabouttheGameboy,butaboutthewatch."ButDad,"hesaid,throughmassive18."theydon'tmakethatkindofwatchanymore."Wewereallvery19.Ourdinnerreservationwasatarestaurantjustontheothersideofthebridge,soI20himthatwewouldnotonlysearchtheareaaroundthefountainwhenwewentbackfordinner,butwewouldalsofindthepoliceandaskthemifthebackpackhadbeen21.Asweexitedfromtheparkinggarage,wecouldseethefountainaswewalkeddownthelongstaircase.Isawsomethingblack22there,butitwasrightnexttoawomanstandingbythefountain,soIcouldnot23whatitwasorifitwashers."Seeit,Dad?"Pondershouted."Don'tgettoo24becausethatmaynotbeit,"Isaid.Butthatwasit.Ithadbeenfiveorsixhourssinceweleftthefountain,anditwas25there.TherewasnoIDinit,anditlookedlikesomeonehadlookedthroughitandthensetitrightoutwhereallcould26it.Iliterally27whenwereacheditanditwashis！Everyoneinourpartywasblownawaybythis"miracle（奇跡）".Inmywildest28.Iwouldneverhaveimaginedthatthiscouldhappennowadays.Whatacharmedlife,eh?Ibelievethiswasaperfect29forachildinlosingsomethingimportant…toloseitandfeelthefull30ofthatloss,andthentomiraculouslygetitback.（）11.A.droveB.hikedC.metD.united（）12.A.landedB.leftC.settledD.slept（）13.A.respondedB.recognizedC.realisedD.recalled（）14.A.containedB.combinedC.comprisedD.covered（）15.A.preparationB.checkupC.revisionD.search（）16.A.wastedB.lostC.soughD.deserted（）17.A.emotionB.timeC.moneyD.stuff（）18.A.tearsB.fistsC.reliefsD.outbreaks（）19.A.hesitantB.curiousC.sadD.eager（）20.A.promisedB.informedC.warnedD.taught（）21.A.wornoutB.caughtupC.putavaD.turnedin（）22.A.hidingB.sittingC.swingingD.flowing（）23.A.assessB.declareC.tellD.predict（）24.A.excitedB.puzzledC.relaxedD.amused（）25.A.alreadyB.evenC.almostD.still（）26.A.takeB.seeC.touchD.protect（）27.A.panickedB.explodedC.collapsedD.cried（）28.A.dreamsB.claimsC.effortsD.passions（）29.A.modeB.lessonC.optionD.plot（）30.A.rangeB.pressureC.weightD.harvest第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ALancomisaworldwidelanguagelearningappandaleaderintheonlinelanguagelearningindustrywithmillionsofactivesubscribers.Wehouseabroadrangeofexpertsunitedbythecommongoalofcreatingthebestlanguagelearningtoolspossible.WithadvicefromAIspecialists,artdesignersandcultureresearchers,ourmulti-languageexpertsendow（賦予）Lancomwithanenormouspotentialforinnovationwithintheworldoflanguageleaning.Ourcourses,totalling20,000hoursofcontentin20differentlanguages,guaranteeyoulanguageskillsyoucanuserightaway.AtthecoreofLancomisaworld-classeffectivemethodthatenhanceslanguageleaningwithadvancedtechnology.Examplesanddialoguesarerecordedwithrealnativespeakersinsteadofautomaticcomputers.Lancomtrainsyourbraintolearnefficiently,soyouabsorbmoreinformationwhileintheappandcontinueleaningoutsideofit.Theappmakesourpracticallanguagelessonsavailablewhereverandwhenever.Weworkdirectlyforourleaners,notforanythirdparty.Andit'sallsupportedbyanefficientcustomerserviceteam,availablethroughtelephone,emailandonlinechat.Millionsoflearnershavetheirownstoriesandtheirownreasonsforlearninganewlanguage.Lancomcaresaboutyouandaddressesyourindividuallearningtype.Lancomistheonlyproducttooffercoursestailoredtoyournativelanguage,buildingongrammarandwordsyoualreadyknow.Ourcontentisaboutreal-lifetopicsthatarerelevantbecauseweknowwhatmatterstoyouiswhatsticksbest.Youwill,finditveryrewardingtolearnwithLancom.ChooseYourSubscriptionandGetStarted1month3months6months12months$12.95/m$8.95/m$7.45/m$6.95/mBuywithconfidence:21-daymoneybackguarantee!Ifyouaren'tsatisfied,justwritetoCustomerServicewithin21days.Contact&Support:customerservice@31.WhocanprovideLancomwithahugepotentialforinnovationinlearning?（）A.Cultureresearchers.B.AIspecialists.C.Languageexperts.D.Artdesigners.32.WhatliesatthecoreoftheLancomapp?（）A.Aflexiblesystem.B.Aneffectivemethod.C.Thebrain-trainingtechnique.D.Theinformativecontent.33.Lancomclaimsthatitisuniqueinits___________.（）A.personalisedcoursesB.multiplelanguagesC.pricingpolicyD.serviceteamBBaggyhasbecomethefirstdogintheUK—andpotentiallytheworld—tojointhefightagainstairpollutionbyrecordingpollutantlevelsneartheground.Baggywearsapollutionmonitoronhercollarsoshecantakedatameasurementsclosetotheground.Hermonitorhasshownthatairpollutionlevelsarehigherclosertogroundlevel,whichhashelpedhighlightconcernsthatbabiesandyoungkidsmaybeathigherriskofdevelopinglungproblems.Conventionalairpollutionmonitorsarenormallyfixedonlamppostsataboutninefeetintheair.However,sinceBaggystandsataboutthesameheightasachildinapushchair（嬰兒車）,shefrequentlyrecordspollutionlevelswhicharemuchhigherthanthedatagatheredbytheEnvironmentAgency.ThedoggydataresearchwastheideaofBaggy's13-vea-oldownerTomHuntandhisdadMatt.TheEnglishyoungsternoticedthatpollutionlevelsarearoundtwo-thirdshigherclosetothegroundthantheyareintheairattheheightwheretheyarerecordedbytheagency.Tomhassincereportedtheshockingfindingstothegovernmentinanattempttoemphasisethatbabiesareathigherriskofdevelopingasthma（哮喘）.MattHuntsaidhewas"veryproud"ofhissonbecause“whentheboygetsanidea,hekeepshisheaddownandgetsonwithit,andhereallydoeswanttodosomegoodandstopyoungkidsfromgettingasthma."“Tombuiltupapassionforenvironmentalprotectionataveryearlyage,"Mattadded.“Hebecameveryinterestedingadgets（小裝置）.Aboutoneyearago,hegotthisnewpieceoftechwhichislikeatesttube.OneSundayafternoon,wewentouttodosomemonitoring,andhesaid,whydon'tweputitonBaggy'scollarandlethermonitorthepollution？'Sowedidit."Tomsaid,"Mostofthetime,Baggyisjustlikeanyotherdog.Butfortherestofthetimesheisasuperdog,andweareallreallyproudofher."34.Withamonitoronhercollar,Baggycan____________.（）A.takepollutantreadingsB.recordpollutantlevelsC.processcollecteddataD.reduceairpollution35.WhatcanwelearnfromtheBaggydata?（）A.Highplacesarefreeofairpollution.B.Higherpushchairsaremoreriskyforkids.C.Conventionalmonitorsaremorereliable.D.Airismorepollutedclosertotheground.36.WhatisTom'spurposeofdoingtheresearch?（）A.Towanofahealthrisk.B.Tofindoutpollutionsources.C.Totesthisnewmonitor.D.ToproveBaggy'sabilities.37.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordcanbestdescribeTomHunt?（）A.Modest.B.Generous.C.Creative.D.Outgoing.CForthepastfiveyears,PaulaSmith,ahistorianofscience,hasdevotedherselftore-creatinglong-forgottentechniques.Whiledoingresearchforhernewbook,shecameacrossa16th-centuryFrenchmanuscript（手稿）consistingofnearly1,000setsofinstructions,coveringsubjectsfromtoolmakingtofindingthebestsand.Theauthor'sintentionremainsasmysterious（神秘）ashisname;hemayhavebeensimplytakingnotesforhisownrecords.ButSmithwasstruckmainlybythefactthatshedidn'ttrulygraspanyoftheskillstheauthordescribed."Yousimplycan'tgetanunderstandingofthathandworkbyreadingaboutit,"shesays.ThoughSmithdidgetherhandsonthebestsand,doingthingstheold-fashionedwayisn'tjustaboutplayingaroundwithFrenchmud.Reconstructingtheworkofthecraftsmen（工匠）wholivedcenturiesagocanrevealhowtheyviewedtheworld,whatobjectsfilledtheirhomes,andwhatwentonintheworkshopsthatproducedthem.Itcanevenhelpsolvepresent-dayproblems:In2015,scientistsdiscoveredthata10th-centuryEnglishmedicineforeveproblemscouldkilladrug-resistantvirus.Theworkhasalsobroughtinsightsformuseums,Smithsays.Onemustknowhowonobjectwasmadeinordertopreserveit.What'smore,reconstructionsmightbetheonlywaytoknowwhattreasureslookedlikebeforetimeworethemdown.ScholarshaveseenthisideainpracticewithancientGreekandRomanstatues.Thesesculptureswerepaintedarainbowofstrikingcolours.Wecan'tappreciatethesekindsofdetailswithoutseeingworksofartastheyoriginallyappeared-somethingSmithbelievesyoucandoonlywhenyouhavearoadmap.Smithhasputthemanuscript'sideasintopractice.Herfinalgoalistolinktheworldsofartandsciencebacktogether:Shebelievesthatbringingtheoldrecipestolifecanhelpdevelopakindoflearningthathighlightsexperimentation,teamwork,andproblemsolving.Backwhenscience—thencalled“thenewphilosophy”—tookshape,academicslookedtocraftsmenforhelpinunderstandingthenaturalworld.Microscopesandtelescopeswereinventedbywayofartistictinkering（修補(bǔ)）,ascraftsmenexperimentedwithglasstobetterbendlight.Ifwecanrediscoverthevaluesofhands-onexperienceandcraftwork,Smithsays,wecanmarrythebestofourmoderninsightswiththehandinessofourancestors.38.HowdidSmith,feelafterreadingtheFrenchmanuscript?（）A.Confusedaboutthetechnicalterms.B.Impressedwithitsdetailedinstructions.C.Discouragedbyitscomplexstructure.D.Shockedforherownlackofhandskills.39.AccordingtoSmith,thereconstructionworkisdonemainlyto_____________.（）A.restoreoldworkshopsB.understandthecraftsmenC.improvevisualeffectsD.inspirethephilosophers40.Whydoestheauthormentionmuseums?（）A.Torevealthebeautyofancientobjects.B.Topresentthefindingsofoldscience.C.Tohighlighttheimportanceofantiques.D.Toemphasisethevaluesofhandskills.41.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?（）A.CraftsmenSettheTrendsforArtistsB.CraftsmanshipLeadstoNewTheoriesC.CraftsmanshipMakesBetterScientistsD.CraftsmenReshapetheFutureofScienceDCertainformsofAIareindeedbecomingubiquitous.Forexample,algorithms（算法）carryouthugevolumesoftradingonourfinancialmarkets,self-drivingcarsareappearingoncitystreets,andoursmartphonesaretranslatingfromonelanguageintoanother.Thesesystemsaresometimesfasterandmoreperceptivethanwehumansare.Butsofarthatisonlytrueforthespecifictasksforwhichthesystemshavebeendesigned.ThatissomethingthatsomeAIdevelopersarenoweagertochange.Someoftoday'sAIpioneerswanttomoveonfromtoday'sworldof“weak”or“narrow”AI,tocreate“strong”or“full”AI,orwhatisoftencalledartificialgeneralintelligence（AGI）.Insomerespects,today'spowerfulcomputingmachinesalreadymakeourbrainslookweak.AGIcould,itsadvocatessay,workforusaroundtheclock,anddrawingonallavailabledata,couldsuggestsolutionstomanyproblems.DM,acompanyfocusedonthedevelopmentofAGI,hasanambitionto“solveintelligence”.“Ifwe'resuccessful,”theirmissionstatementreads,“webelievethiswillbeoneofthemostimportantandwidelybeneficialscientificadvancesevermade.”SincetheearlydaysofAI,imaginationhasoutpacedwhatispossibleorevenprobable.In1965,animaginativemathematiciancalledIrvingGoodpredictedtheeventualcreationofan"ultra-intelligentmachine…thatcanfarsurpassalltheintellectual（智力的）activitiesofanyman,howeverclever."Goodwentontosuggestthat“thefirstultra-intelligentmachine"couldbe“thelastinventionthatmanneedevermake."Fearsabouttheappearanceofbad,powerful,man-madeintelligentmachineshavebeenreinforced（強(qiáng)化）bymanyworksoffiction—MaryShelley'sFrankensteinandtheTerminatorfilmseries,forexample.ButifAIdoeseventuallyprovetobeourdownfall,itisunlikelytobeatthehandsofhuman-shapedformslikethese,withrecognisablyhumanmotivationssuchasaggression（敵對行為）.Instead,IagreewithOxfordUniversityphilosopherNickBostrom,whobelievesthattheheaThepromiseanddangeroftrueAGIaregreat.Butalloftoday'sexciteddiscussionaboutthesepossibilitiespresupposesthefactthatwewillbeabletobuildthesesystems.And,havingspokentomanyoftheworld'sforemostAIresearchers,IbelievethereisgoodreasontodoubtthatwewillseeAGIanytimesoon,ifever:42.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ubiquitous”inParagraphIprobablymean?（）A.Enormousinquantity.B.Changeabledaily.C.Stableinquality.D.Presenteverywhere.43.WhatcouldAGIdoforus,accordingtoitssupporters?（）A.Helptotackleproblems.B.Makebrainsmoreactive.C.Benefitambitiouspeople.D.Setuppowerfuldatabases.44.AsforIrvingGood'sopiniononultra-intelligentmachines,theauthoris____________.（）A.supportiveB.disapprovingC.fearfulD.uncertain45.WhatcanbeinferredaboutAGIfromthepassage?（）A.Itmaybeonlyadream.B.Itwillcomeintobeingsoon.C.Itwillbecontrolledbyhumans.D.Itmaybemoredangerousthanever.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Manypeoplethinkthatpositivethinkingismostlyaboutkeepingone'sheadinthesandandignoringdailyproblems,tryingtolookoptimistic.Inrealityithasmoretodowiththewayanindividualtalkstohimself.Self-talkisaconstantstreamofthoughtsofaperson,whoisoftenunawareanduncertainofsomeevents,phenomena,people,oreventhepersonhimself.46Meanwhile,positivethinkingcanhelptostopnegativeself-talksandstarttoformapositiveviewonanissue.Peoplewhoregularlypractisepositivethinkingtendtosolveproblemsmoreeffectively.Theyarelessexposedtostresscausedbyexternalfactors.Theytendtobelieveinthemselvesandinwhattheydo.47Peoplewhothinkpositivelydemonstrateincreasedlifespans（壽命）,lowerratesofdepressionandanxiety,betterphysicalandpsychologicalhealth,reducedrisksofdeathfromheartproblems.Positivethinkingalsocontributestoone'sabilitytodealwithproblemsandhardships.48Forexample,researchershavefoundthatinthecaseofacrisisaccompaniedbystrongemotions,suchasanaturaldisaster,positivethinkingcanprovideasortofbuffer（緩沖作用）againstdepressionandanxiety.Resilient（適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)的）peoplewhothinkpositivelytendtotreateveryproblemasachallenge,achanceforimprovementofanykind,orasanopportunityforpersonalgrowth.Pessimists,onthecontrary,tendtoperceiveproblemsasasourceofadditionalstress.49Inconclusion,positivethinkingisapowerfulandeffectivetoolfordealingwithhardtimesandimprovingthequalityofone'slife.Itdoesn'thaveanythingtodowithignorantoptimismwhenanindividualrefusestonoticeaproblem.50Thinkinginapositive,self-encouragingwaybringsaboutmanybenefitstoone'sphysicalandmentalhealth.A.Itdoesn'tcauseanysevereemotionaldiscomfort,either.B.Negativeself-talkdamagesself-confidenceanddecreasesself-respect.C.Ithelpsonetoremainclear-headedandconfidentindifficultsituations.D.Positivethinkinghasseveralbeneficialeffectsonthebodyandthemind.E.Asthinkingchanges,anindividual'sbehaviourandhabitschangeaswell.F.Theyoftenofferarealalternativetothecommonandregularwayofthinking.G.Theyoftenfeeldiscouragedlongbeforetryingtosolvetheproblem,evenifsmall.第三部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，35分）第一節(jié)（15分）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你們學(xué)校英語戲劇俱樂部外籍指導(dǎo)教師Jim因疫情滯留英國。復(fù)學(xué)在即，作為俱樂部負(fù)責(zé)人，你給Jim寫一封電子郵件，請他推薦一名外籍指導(dǎo)教師，內(nèi)容包括：1.條件及要求；2.表示感謝并提醒注意防護(hù)。注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于50；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。Dear