高中英語(yǔ)資料-Section Ⅳ　Lesson 3

1．Discussion—Whatdoyouknowaboutyourmemory?SectionⅣ

Lesson3Theanswerisopen.2．Prediction—ReadthetitleandlookatthepicturesonPage58～59andpredictwhatthetextisprobablyabout.________________________________________________________________________Thetextismainlyabouttheanswerstosomeofthemostcommonquestionsaboutmemory.1．Firstreading—Readthetextandanswerthefollowingquestions.(1)Howmanyquestionsarementionedinthetext?________________________________________________________________________(2)Whyarechildhoodmemoriesareoftenveryemotional?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(3)Whendoesourmemoryreachitsfullpower?________________________________________________________________________Four.Becausewhenweexperiencethingsforthefirsttime,weoftenhavestrongfeelingsoffearorexcitement.Attheageof25.2．Secondreading—Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.(1)Whenrememberingsomethingnew,trytoconnectitto________．A．ourknowledge B．ourexperienceC．ouremotions D．ourthoughts(2)Whocanrememberthefirst22，514digitsofpi(π)?A．StephenWiltshire B．DanielTammetC．JemimaGryaznov D．HermannEbbinghaus答案

C答案

B(3)Whendoesthesharpestlossofmemoryoccur?A．Duringtheveryearlyperiodafterlearning.B．Duringthefirstthreedaysafterlearning.C．Duringthefirstweekafterlearning.D．Duringthefirsthourafterlearning.(4)Howmanybraincellsdowelosebytheageof40?A．1，000

B．100，000

C．1000，000

D．10，000答案

A答案

D3．Thirdreading—Readthetextcarefullyagainandfillintheformbelow.QuestionsaboutmemoryAnswersWhycanIremembereventsinmychildhoodbutnotwhathappenedlastweek？Werememberthingsthathavestrongconnectionsinourmind,especially①______________________.Childhoodmemoriesareoftenveryemotional.Soitisimportanttoconnectsomethingnewwithwhatwealreadyknow.Also,wecantryto②________________________toafewothers.emotionalconnectionsretellwhatwehavelearntDosomepeoplereallyhaveaphotographicmemory？Apersonwithaphotographicmemorycouldremembereverydetailofapicture,abookoraneventmanyyearslater,butnoonehasprovedthattherearepeoplewhoreallyhave③______________________.Sowesimplyneedtofocusontheimportantideasandbecuriousaboutwhatwelearnwhenmemorising

④______________________．

photographicmemoriesdetailedlearningmaterialsWhydoIforgetthenewwordsthatIlearntyesterday？Thisis⑤____________formanypeople.Thesharpestlossofmemoryoccursduringtheveryearlyperiodafterlearning.Therefore,oneofthegoldenrulestoincreasehowmuchwerememberisto⑥____________________________，especiallyduringthefirstdayafterlearning.naturalreviewthematerialperiodicallyI’m16,butIsometimesforgetthings.Ismymemorygettingworse？Definitelynot.Ourmemoryreachesits⑦_(dá)___________attheageof25.Afterthisage,however,thebrainstartsto⑧____________．Bymiddleage,ourmemoryissignificantlyworsethanwhenwewereyoung.fullpowergetsmaller1．Thinkinganddiscussing：ArethereanyanswersgivenbyJemimaGryaznovthatarenotconvincingtoyou?Whatareyourdoubts?2．Makeasummaryofthetextusingyourownwords.Theanswerisopen.Theanswerisopen.記憶相關(guān)詞1．sensorymemory瞬時(shí)記憶，也稱感覺(jué)記憶2．Short-termmemorySTM短時(shí)記憶，也稱工作記憶3．Long-termmemoryLTM長(zhǎng)時(shí)記憶4．imagination想象5．a(chǎn)ssociation聯(lián)想6．connection聯(lián)結(jié)7．seriesmethod串聯(lián)法8．chainmethod鎖鏈法如何整體理解課文1．Byunderstandingthetitleandthefirstsentenceofthetext.2．Byunderstandingthefirstsentenceofeachparagraph.3．Byunderstandingtheconclusionofeachparagraph.4．Byunderstandingthelastsentenceofthetext.5．Byunderstandingthestructureofthewholetext.語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象感知Ⅰ.單詞理解體會(huì)句中加黑單詞的詞性和含義1．Werememberthingsthathavestrongconnectionsinourmind，especiallyemotionalconnections.__________________________2．Apersonwithaphotographicmemorycouldremembereverydetailofapicture,abookoraneventmanyyearslater...________________________3．Thismeanstimelyreviewduringthisperiod,withafewrevisitstowhatislearnt,cansignificantlyhelpusremembertheinformation.__________________________4．Therefore,oneofthegoldenrulestoincreasehowmuchwerememberistoreviewthematerialperiodically,especiallyduringthefirstdayafterlearning.__________________adj.情感上的，情緒上的adj.詳細(xì)準(zhǔn)確的；照片的adj.及時(shí)的

n．重新考慮v.復(fù)習(xí)

adv.定期地Ⅱ.詞塊積累寫(xiě)出下列詞塊的含義1．emotionalconnections____________2．forthefirsttime____________3．a(chǎn)saresult____________4．a(chǎn)photographicmemory__________________5．becuriousabout__________________6．reviewthematerialperiodically__________________7．buildstrongermemories__________________8．bytheageof40____________9．takeiteasy__________________10．makegooduseof____________情感聯(lián)結(jié)第一次結(jié)果過(guò)目不忘的記憶對(duì)……感到好奇定期復(fù)習(xí)材料建立更強(qiáng)的記憶到40歲時(shí)別緊張；放松點(diǎn)充分利用Ⅲ.句式欣賞1．what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句Itisimportanttoconnectitwithwhatwealreadyknow.2．that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句；who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句Apersonwithaphotographicmemorycouldremembereverydetailofapicture,abookoraneventmanyyearslater,butnoonehasprovedthattherearepeoplewhoreallyhavephotographicmemories.Ⅰ.單詞語(yǔ)境記憶——根據(jù)英漢提示寫(xiě)出單詞的適當(dāng)形式1．Those____________(細(xì)胞)divideandgivemanyotherdifferenttypesofcells.2．Iwasapproachingafairly____________(急劇的)bendthatsweptdownhilltotheleft.3．Acoupleofotherpointsabout____________(記憶)arealsoveryimportantforlanguagelearning.4．Whatmemoriesdoyouhaveaboutyour____________(童年)?5．Therearesomuchtolearn,somuch____________(興奮)inthisworld.cellssharpmemorisationchildhoodexcitement6．Whatdoyouthinkofthis____________(arrange)?7．Weunderstandtheterrible____________(emotion)stressyouhavegonethrough.8．Therefore,thefundingfortheparkandmuseumshouldbeincreased____________(significant)．9．Eachcouplecameforaninterviewaboutthreemonthsbeforetheirwedding,andthen____________(periodical)afterward.10．Duetoyour____________(time)helpandencouragement,Imanagedtosolvealltheproblems.arrangementemotionalsignificantlyperiodicallytimelyⅡ.短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)境填空——根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示寫(xiě)出適當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)1．Allsingerskepttogether.________________(作為結(jié)果),theirperformancewassuccessful.2．________________(放輕松)whenyouareonthestage.3．Irememberseeingtheocean________________(第一次)．4．Everyone________________(對(duì)……感到好奇)you,andeveryonewantstogettoknownewpeople.5．Wemust________________(充分利用)everyminuteinclass.6．Icantake________________(多達(dá))fourpeopleinmycar.AsaresultTakeiteasyforthefirsttimeiscuriousaboutmakegooduseofuptoⅢ.句式語(yǔ)境仿寫(xiě)1．Thisisbecausewhenweexperiencethingsforthefirsttime,weoftenhavestrongfeelingsoffearorexcitement.這是因?yàn)楫?dāng)我們第一次體驗(yàn)事物時(shí)，我們通常會(huì)有強(qiáng)烈的恐懼或興奮感。[仿寫(xiě)]這是因?yàn)榈厍虻谋砻媸菆A的而不是平的。________________thesurfaceoftheearthisnotflatbutround.2．Whenrememberingsomethingnew,trytoconnectittoouremotions.當(dāng)記憶新事物時(shí)，試著把它和我們的情緒聯(lián)系起來(lái)。[仿寫(xiě)]一看到媽媽，小女孩就丟下玩具向她跑去。________________________________，thelittlegirldroppedhertoyandrushedtoher.ThisisbecauseWhenseeinghermother3．Itisimportanttoconnectitwithwhatwealreadyknow.把它與我們已知的聯(lián)系起來(lái)是很重要的。[仿寫(xiě)]多練習(xí)講英語(yǔ)是非常重要的。_____________________________speakingmoreEnglish.It’sveryimportanttopracticeⅠ.一言串記多義詞Theprisonerwaslockedinacell.Thecancercellinhisbodymayinvadeotherpartsofthebody.Andheneededtobuyanewdrycell.那囚犯被關(guān)在單人牢房?jī)?nèi)。他體內(nèi)的癌細(xì)胞可能會(huì)侵入身體的其他部位。并且他需要買(mǎi)一節(jié)新的干電池。記單詞Ⅱ.詞綴助記派生詞1．形容詞后綴：-al，-lyemotion(n.)→emotional(adj.)time(n.)→timely(adj.)2．名詞后綴：-tion,-hood,-mentmemorise(v.)→memorisation(n.)child(n.)→childhood(n.)excite(v.)→excitement(n.)arrange(v.)→arrangement(n.)3．副詞后綴：-lysignificant(adj.)→significantly(adv.)periodical(adj.)→periodically(adv.)句型公式1．“Thisisbecause...”

固定句型。2．狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。3．“Itis＋adj.＋todosth”

句型。1.arrangementn．計(jì)劃；安排

arrangev．安排；整理factsandarrangements(教材P58)事實(shí)和安排[合作探究]

體會(huì)arrangement的用法和意義Theyaremakingarrangementsfortheparty.他們?cè)跒橥頃?huì)做準(zhǔn)備。I’llmakearrangementsforsomeonetomeetyouatthestation.我將安排一個(gè)人去車(chē)站接你。Theymadeanarrangementtomeetattheschoolgateat3pm.他們約定下午三點(diǎn)鐘在校門(mén)口見(jiàn)面。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]①makearrangements____________安排好……②makearrangements____________sbtodosth

安排某人做某事③makeanarrangement____________sth

安排做某事forfortodo[鞏固內(nèi)化]完成句子①Let’s________________________________ourtrip.讓我們?yōu)槁眯凶鰷?zhǔn)備吧。②Wehavefinished_______________________fortheparty.我們已完成了晚會(huì)的所有準(zhǔn)備工作。③We________________________________betreatedbyafamousdoctor.我們安排好讓一位名醫(yī)來(lái)給她治療。④Wecould________________________________at10o’clock.我們可以安排在10點(diǎn)鐘見(jiàn)面。makearrangementsforallthearrangementsmadearrangementsforhertomakeanarrangementtomeet2.excitementn．興奮，激動(dòng)

excitev．使興奮；刺激Thisisbecausewhenweexperiencethingsforthefirsttime,weoftenhavestrongfeelingsoffearorexcitement.(教材P58)這是因?yàn)楫?dāng)我們第一次體驗(yàn)事物時(shí)，我們通常會(huì)有強(qiáng)烈的恐懼或興奮感。[合作探究]

體會(huì)excitement的用法和意義Thenwhynotgotothecityforsomeexcitement?那你為什么不搬到城市里找些刺激呢？Theyjumpedupanddowninexcitement.他們興奮得跳來(lái)跳去。Hiseyeswerewildwithexcitement.他眼中流露出極度興奮的神情。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]①____________excitement興奮地②____________excitement懷著激動(dòng)的心情inwith[鞏固內(nèi)化]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Everyoneisinastateofgreat____________(excite)．②Hearingthenewsthatourteamwon,wealljumpedup____________excitement.③Theboyswererunning________________.男孩們興奮地跑來(lái)跑去。④Hervoicerosehigherandhigher___________________.由于興奮，她的聲音越來(lái)越高。excitementwithinexcitementwithexcitement1.asaresult作為結(jié)果Asaresult,werememberthemmuchbetter,asretellingeventshelpsfixexperiencesinourmemories.(教材P58)結(jié)果，我們能更好地記住它們，因?yàn)閺?fù)述事件有助于集中我們記憶中的經(jīng)歷。[短語(yǔ)記牢]記牢下列短語(yǔ)asaresultof因?yàn)?；由于；作為……的結(jié)果resultin導(dǎo)致；造成resultfrom由……引起①Hegotupverylatetoday.Asaresult,hemissedthefirstbus.他今天起晚了，結(jié)果沒(méi)趕上頭班車(chē)。②Hewaslateasaresultofthesnow.由于大雪他遲到了。③Thebadweatherresultedinthetrafficjam.壞天氣導(dǎo)致了交通阻塞。④Hissuccessresultedfromhishardwork.努力工作造就了他的成功。[鞏固內(nèi)化]單句語(yǔ)法填空/一句多譯①Thetrainwasdelayed_______________theheavyrain.由于大雨的緣故，火車(chē)晚點(diǎn)了。②________________，wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.因此我們不得不給菜地澆水。asaresultofAsaresult③普遍認(rèn)為他是因?yàn)檫^(guò)度的勞累而得了癌癥。It’sgenerallybelievedthathiscancer________________theoverfulltiredness.＝It’sgenerallybelievedthattheoverfulltiredness________________hiscancer.＝It’sgenerallybelievedthathesufferedfromcancer__________________theoverfulltiredness.Asaresultresultedinasaresultof2.takeiteasy放輕松Sotakeiteasy.(教材P60)所以放輕松。[短語(yǔ)記牢]記牢下列短語(yǔ)takeone’stime別著急；慢慢來(lái)takesthseriously重視某事；對(duì)某事嚴(yán)肅對(duì)待take...forgranted認(rèn)為……理所當(dāng)然take...as...把……當(dāng)作……①Takeiteasy.Theremustbenoproblemwiththat.Ibelieveyoucanmakeit.別緊張，肯定沒(méi)有什么問(wèn)題的。我相信你一定能成功的。②Takeyourtime.Youhaveplentyoftimetofinishit.你可以慢慢來(lái)。你有足夠的時(shí)間完成它。③Ifyoutakethisassignment,takeitseriouslyandreadtheinstructions.如果你接受了這個(gè)任務(wù)，嚴(yán)肅對(duì)待它并閱讀說(shuō)明書(shū)。④Itakeitforgrantedthatparentsshoulddoeverythingforus,whichiswrong.我想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為父母應(yīng)該為我們做好一切，其實(shí)這是錯(cuò)誤的。⑤Mayshealsotakeyouasaveryimportantfriend?她也會(huì)拿你當(dāng)很重要的朋友嗎？[鞏固內(nèi)化]完成句子①________________．You’llfeelbettersoon.放輕松點(diǎn)。你很快就會(huì)覺(jué)得好點(diǎn)了。②They_______________________andarepraisedbytheirboss.他們對(duì)待工作認(rèn)真，受到老板的表?yè)P(yáng)。③_________________.

We’vegotplentyoftime.別急，我們有的是時(shí)間。TakeiteasytaketheirjobsseriouslyTakeyourtime④However,whenitcomestothewasteofonehour,oneday,we_______________．然而，當(dāng)涉及到一個(gè)小時(shí)、一天時(shí)間的浪費(fèi)，我們又不以為然了。⑤Ifpossible,I’dliketo________________anordinaryonline-friendandnottocareaboutanythingofyou.如果可以，我愿意選擇把你當(dāng)作一個(gè)普通網(wǎng)友，不再關(guān)心你的一切。takeitforgrantedtakeyouas1.Thisisbecausewhenweexperiencethingsforthefirsttime,weoftenhavestrongfeelingsoffearorexcitement.(教材P58)這是因?yàn)楫?dāng)我們第一次體驗(yàn)事物時(shí)，我們通常會(huì)有強(qiáng)烈的恐懼或興奮感。[句式解讀]

句中Thisisbecause...意為“這是因?yàn)椤保渲衎ecause引導(dǎo)的從句在句中作表語(yǔ)，This有時(shí)可用It/That替換，指代上文提到的事實(shí)。[用法總結(jié)]其他相關(guān)句型(1)This/Thatiswhy...這/那就是……的原因(2)Thereasonwhy...isthat...……的原因是……(why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)(3)Thereasonthat/which...isthat...……的理由是……(that/which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)①Tomwasabsentfromclass.Thatwasbecausehewasill.湯姆沒(méi)來(lái)上課，那是因?yàn)樗×?。②Tomwasill.Thiswaswhyhewasabsentfromclass.湯姆病了，這就是他缺課的原因。③ThereasonwhyTomwasabsentfromclasswasthathewasill.湯姆沒(méi)來(lái)上課的原因是他生病了。④Thereasonthat/whichTommadeupforbeingabsentfromclasswasthathewasill.湯姆編造的他沒(méi)來(lái)上課的理由是他生病了。[鞏固內(nèi)化]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Lilyoversleptthismorning.Thatis____________shewaslateforwork.②Hehasheartdisease.Thatis____________hehasbeensmokingtoomuch.③Thereason____________hewaslateforthemeetingwas____________hewasheldupbyatrafficjamduringtherushhour.④Thereason____________hegaveforhisbeinglatewas____________hegotuplate.whybecausewhythatthat/whichthat2.Itisimportanttoconnectitwithwhatwealreadyknow.(教材P60)

把它與我們已知的聯(lián)系起來(lái)是很重要的。[句式解讀]句中Itisimportanttoconnect...為“Itis＋adj.＋todosth”

句型，其中It為形式主語(yǔ)，而不定式短語(yǔ)todosth為真正的主語(yǔ)。[用法拓展]該句型可以拓展為兩種形式：(1)Itis＋adj.＋(forsb)todosth“(對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō))做某事是……的”，此句型中的形容詞是修飾某件事而不是修飾人的，如difficult，easy,hard,important,necessary,possible等。①I(mǎi)tiseasyforpeopletocatchsightoftheflyingplane.人們看見(jiàn)飛行中的飛機(jī)是很容易的。②Itisillegalforanyonetodriveacarwithoutalicense.在沒(méi)有駕照的情況下，開(kāi)車(chē)是不合法的。(2)Itis＋adj.＋(ofsb)todosth“(某人)做某事是……的”，此句型中的形容詞是修飾人而不是修飾某件事的，如kind,brave,clever,stupid,nice,good,silly,careful,naughty等。③Itiscleverofyoutosayso！你這樣說(shuō)可真聰明！④It’sverycarelessofyoutoalwaysmakemistakes.你總是犯錯(cuò)誤，真是太粗心了。[鞏固內(nèi)化]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①I(mǎi)tisdifficult____________(persuade)hertostay.②Itisnice____________metohavebreakfastwithyou.③Itisveryclever____________youtoworkoutthisquestion.④___________________________________intheriver.對(duì)于孩子們來(lái)說(shuō)，在河里游泳很危險(xiǎn)。⑤________________________himwithhisEnglish.你幫他補(bǔ)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，真是太好了。topersuadeforofIt’sdangerousforchildrentoswimItisniceofyoutohelp主謂一致一、語(yǔ)法一致原則即主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)也用復(fù)數(shù)。

即主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)決定了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。1．單數(shù)主語(yǔ)即使后面帶有with,alongwith,togetherwith,like(象),but(除了),except,besides,aswellas，ratherthan(而不是),including,inadditionto引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)，

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。Airaswellaswaterismatter.空氣和水都是物質(zhì)。Nooneexcepttwoservantswaslateforthedinner.除了兩個(gè)仆人外，

沒(méi)有一個(gè)人遲來(lái)用餐。2．不定式(短語(yǔ)),動(dòng)名詞(短語(yǔ)),或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Servingthepeopleismygreathappiness.為人民服務(wù)是我很大的幸福。Whenwe’llgooutforanoutinghasbeendecided.我們什么時(shí)候出去郊游已決定了。3．用連接的并列主語(yǔ)被each,every或no修飾時(shí)，

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Everyboyandeverygirllikestogoswimming.每個(gè)男孩和每個(gè)女孩都喜歡去游泳。Noteacherandnostudentwasabsentfromthemeeting.沒(méi)有老師也沒(méi)有學(xué)生開(kāi)會(huì)缺席。4．若主語(yǔ)中有morethanone或manya/an,盡管從意義上看是復(fù)數(shù)，但它的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。Manyaboylikesplayingbasketball.許多男生都喜歡打籃球。Morethanonestudentwaslate.不止一個(gè)學(xué)生遲到。5．名詞如：trousers,scissors,clothes,goods,glasses等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)。Hisclothesaregood.他的衣服很好。主謂一致即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上要和主語(yǔ)保持一致，主謂一致包括語(yǔ)法一致、意義一致和就近一致。語(yǔ)法一致即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在單復(fù)數(shù)形式上要和主語(yǔ)保持一致；意義一致就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和主語(yǔ)意義上的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致；就近一致就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和靠近它的主語(yǔ)部分保持一致。[鞏固內(nèi)化1]1．Myfather,togetherwithsomeofhisoldfriends,____________(be)therealready.2．Morethanoneanswer____________(give)tothequestion.3．Layingeggs____________(be)theantqueen’sfull－timejob.4．Eachmanandwoman____________(have)thesamerights.5．Mybluetrousers____________wornout.Onepairoftrousers____________notenough.(be)6．Manyastudent____________(realize)theimportanceoflearningaforeignlanguage.hasbeenhasbeengivenishasareishasrealized二、意義一致原則意義一致原則指不管主語(yǔ)的形式是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，主語(yǔ)的意義決定了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。1．主語(yǔ)中有all,half,most,therest等，

以及”分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于連用的名詞。Therestofthebikesareonsaletoday.剩下的自行車(chē)，

今天出售。60%oftheapplewaseatenbythelittleboy.這個(gè)蘋(píng)果的60%都被這個(gè)小男孩吃了。M