山東省淄博市天時(shí)中學(xué)2021年高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試題含解析

山東省淄博市天時(shí)中學(xué)2021年高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Ididn’tfeellike_____,soIsuggested_____awalk.A.towork;totake

B.working;taking

C.towork;takingD.working;togo參考答案：B2.I’msorryIdidn’tphoneyou,butI’vebeenverybusy_____thepastcoupleofweeks.A.beyond

B.with

C.among

D.over參考答案：D3.

Wefirmlybelievethattheproject,if______accordingtotheplan,willdefinitelyworkoutwell.A.carryingout

B.beingcarriedout

C.carriedout

D.tobecarriedout參考答案：C4.Givethereportto___isinchargeofthework．A．whomever

B．whoever

C．who

D．a(chǎn)nyone參考答案：B5.Briantalkstomelikeachild,_______reallyannoysme.

A.who B.whom C.which D.where參考答案：C6.Itcan’tbedeniedthattheDiaoyuIslandsare_______partofChinaandwhatsomeJapanesehavedonerecentlyisactuallyadefenceagainst_______Chinesepeople.

A.a;/

B.a;the

C.the;/

D./;the參考答案：D7.--Therearetoomanypeopleinthebuildingduringthedaytime.--Yes,that'saseriousthreattosafety______fireorotherdisasters.A.incaseof

B.inspiteof

C.inhonorof

D.infavorof參考答案：A8.—HasyourformerclassmatecomebackfromAmerica?—Yes,he_____therefor8years.A.hasstayed

B.stays

C.stayed

D.hadstayed參考答案：C9.Thechildrenwererequiredtowearnewschoolclothes,butKimcouldn’tafford

.A.one

B.some

C.any

D.that參考答案：C10.—Thatwasaclosefootballgame．Whydidn'tyougotoit?—

．Iprefervolleyball．A．It'snotmycupoftea

B．That'sthepointC．Itdoesyougood

D．That'sallright參考答案：A11.Nowadaysmanyparentswanttohavetheirkids____toasmuchartandcultureaspossible.A.expose

B.exposed

C.exposing

D.toexpose參考答案：b略12.Thesecretwasfinallyletout

thedaughterwasanadoptedone．

A．which

B．that

C．what

D．a(chǎn)s參考答案：B略13.Johnhasreallygotthejobbecauseheshowedmetheofficialletter

himit.

A．offered

B．offering

C．tooffer

D．tobeoffered參考答案：B略14.Whatwasyourimpression______himthefirsttimeyoumethim?

A.with

B.on

C.for

D.of

參考答案：D略15.Youwillnevergainsuccess_______youarefullydevotedtoyourwork.A.after

B.because

C.unless

D.when參考答案：D考查連詞。句意：除非你完全投入到你的工作中去，否則你不會(huì)成功。unless“除非”。16._________hardonemaywork,onecannotmasteraforeignlanguageinayearortwo.

A.Though

B.As

C.While

D.However參考答案：D二、新的題型17.Islonelinessahealthepidemic?Inrecentdecades,researchershavediscoveredthatlonelinessleftuntreatedisnotjustpsychicallypainful;italsocanhaveseriousmedicalconsequences.Rigorousepidemiologicalstudieshavelinkedlonelinessandsocialisolationtoheartdisease,cancer,depression,diabetesandsuicide.VivekMurthy,theformerUnitedStatessurgeongeneral,haswrittenthatlonelinessandsocialisolationare“associatedwithareductioninlifespansimilartothatcausedbysmoking15cigarettesadayandevengreaterthanthatassociatedwithobesity.”Butisloneliness,asmanypoliticalofficialsandpunditsarewarning,agrowing“healthepidemic”(流行病)？Idon’tbelieveso,nordoIbelieveithelpsanyonetodescribeitthatway.Socialdisconnectionisaseriousmatter,yetifwesetoffapanicoveritsprevalence(流行)andimpact,we’relesslikelytodealwithitproperly.Anxietyaboutlonelinessisacommonfeatureofmodernsocieties.Today,twomajorcausesoflonelinessseempossible.Oneisthatsocietiesthroughouttheworldhaveembracedacultureofindividualism.Morepeoplearelivingalone,andagingalone,thanever.Neoliberal(新自由主義的)socialpolicieshaveturnedworkersintoinsecurefreeagents,andwhenjobsdisappear,thingsfallapartfast.Laborunions,civicassociations,neighborhoodorganizations,religiousgroupsandothertraditionalsourcesofsocialsolidarityareinsteadydecline.Increasingly,weallfeelthatwe’reonourown.Theotherpossiblecauseistheriseofcommunicationtechnology,includingsmartphones,socialmediaandtheinternet.Adecadeago,companieslikeFacebook,AppleandGooglepromisedthattheirproductswouldhelpcreatemeaningfulrelationshipsandcommunities.Instead,we’veusedthemediasystemtodeepenexistingdivisions,atboththeindividualandgrouplevels.Wemayhavethousandsof“friends”and“followers”onFacebookandInstagram,butwhenitcomestohumanrelationships,itturnsoutthere’snosubstituteforbuildingthemtheold-fashionedway,inperson.Inlightofthesetwotrends,it’seasytobelievewe’reexperiencingan“epidemic”oflonelinessandisolation.Surprisingly,though,thebestdatadonotactuallyshowaboomineitherlonelinessorsocialisolation.Yettheresearchtellsussomethingmorespecific.InplacesliketheUnitedStatesandBritain,it’sthepoor,unemployed,displaced(無(wú)家可歸的)andmigrantpopulationsthataresufferingmostfromlonelinessandisolation.Theirlivesareunstable,andsoaretheirrelationships.Whentheygetlonely,theyaretheleastabletogetadequatesocialormedicalsupport.PassageoutlineSupportingdetailsResearchfindingLonelinessislikelytocausevariouskindsofmedicalconsequencesunless___51___.Theauthor’sopinion?Lonelinessisnotagrowing“healthepidemic”.?Don’ttakelonelinesstoo___52___,whichmayresultinpanicand___53___tohandleitproperly.Ananalysisofpossiblecausesofloneliness?Acultureofindividualismhasbecome___54___allovertheworld.?Peoplearedoing___55___jobsandtraditionalsourcesofsocialsolidarityaredeclining.?___56___towhatsomecompaniespromised,thedevelopmentofcommunicationtechnologyare___57___thesituation.?Traditionalface-to-facecommunicationisthe___58___waytobuildhumanrelationship.Conclusions?Weare___59___bythetwotrendsintobelievingweareexperiencingalonelinessepidemic,butitisn’tthecase.?Somegroupsofpeoplearestillsufferingfromlonelinessandisolation,amongwhomsocialandmedicalsupportarebadly___60___.參考答案：51.treated

52.seriously

53.failure

54.common/popular

55.insecure/unstable/unsafe

56.Contrary

57.worsening

58.only

59.misled

60.needed【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了孤獨(dú)不是一種流行病并分析了孤獨(dú)的原因以及遭受孤獨(dú)的人面對(duì)的問(wèn)題?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)第一段中的“Inrecentdecades,researchershavediscoveredthatlonelinessleftuntreatedisnotjustpsychicallypainful;italsocanhaveseriousmedicalconsequences.”可知，不治療孤獨(dú)不僅會(huì)帶來(lái)心理上的痛苦，還會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重的醫(yī)療后果，因?yàn)楸究涨坝衭nless，故填treated。【52題詳解】根據(jù)第二段中的“Socialdisconnectionisaseriousmatter,yetifwesetoffapanicoveritsprevalence(流行)andimpact,we’relesslikelytodealwithitproperly.”可知，社會(huì)脫節(jié)是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題,但如果我們對(duì)它的患病率和影響感到恐慌，我們就不太可能妥善地處理它，因此作者認(rèn)為我們對(duì)待孤獨(dú)不要過(guò)于嚴(yán)肅，故填seriously?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)第二段中的“Socialdisconnectionisaseriousmatter,yetifwesetoffapanicoveritsprevalence(流行)andimpact,we’relesslikelytodealwithitproperly.”可知，社會(huì)脫節(jié)是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題,但如果我們對(duì)它的患病率和影響感到恐慌，我們就不太可能妥善地處理它，belesslikelytodo轉(zhuǎn)換成resultinfailuretodo（未能做某事），故填failure?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)第三段中的“Oneisthatsocietiesthroughouttheworldhaveembracedacultureofindividualism.”可知，世界各地的社會(huì)都接受了個(gè)人主義文化，也就是說(shuō)個(gè)人主義文化很常見(jiàn)，很流行，故填common/popular?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)第三段中的“Neoliberal(新自由主義的)socialpolicieshaveturnedworkersintoinsecurefreeagents,andwhenjobsdisappear,thingsfallapartfast.”可知，新自由主義的社會(huì)政策把工人變成了沒(méi)有安全感的自由代理人，當(dāng)工作崗位消失時(shí)，事情很快就會(huì)分崩離析，故填insecure?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)第四段中的“theirproductswouldhelpcreatemeaningfulrelationshipsandcommunities”及“butwhenitcomestohumanrelationships,itturnsoutthere'snosubstituteforbuildingthemtheold-fashionedway,inperson”可知，F(xiàn)acebook、蘋果(Apple)和谷歌等公司承諾他們的產(chǎn)品有助于建立有意義的人際關(guān)系，但當(dāng)涉及到人際關(guān)系時(shí)，事實(shí)證明，沒(méi)有什么可以代替用傳統(tǒng)的方式建立的人際關(guān)系，contraryto表示“與……相反”，故填contrary?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)第四段中的“Instead,we’veusedthemediasystemtodeepenexistingdivisions,atboththeindividualandgrouplevels.”可知，我們利用媒體系統(tǒng)加深了個(gè)人和群體層面的現(xiàn)有分歧，也就是說(shuō)通訊科技的發(fā)展使情況變得糟糕了，故填worsening?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)第四段中的“butwhenitcomestohumanrelationships,itturnsoutthere’snosubstituteforbuildingthemtheold-fashionedway,inperson.”可知，但當(dāng)涉及到人際關(guān)系時(shí)，事實(shí)證明，沒(méi)有什么能代替用傳統(tǒng)的方式建立的人際關(guān)系。所以Traditionalface-to-facecommunication是唯一能夠建立人際關(guān)系的辦法，故填only?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)最后一段中的“Inlightofthesetwotrends,it’seasytobelievewe’reexperiencingan“epidemic”oflonelinessandisolation.Surprisingly,though,thebestdatadonotactuallyshowaboomineitherlonelinessorsocialisolation.”可知，根據(jù)這兩種趨勢(shì)，我們很容易相信我們正在經(jīng)歷孤獨(dú)和孤立的流行病，然而，令人驚訝的是，最好的數(shù)據(jù)并沒(méi)有顯示出孤獨(dú)或社交孤立的激增，所以是我們被這兩種趨勢(shì)誤導(dǎo)了，故填misled。【60題詳解】根據(jù)最后一段中的“Whentheygetlonely,theyaretheleastabletogetadequatesocialormedicalsupport.”可知，當(dāng)他們感到孤獨(dú)時(shí)，他們最不可能得到足夠的社會(huì)或醫(yī)療支持，也就是他們迫切需要社會(huì)或醫(yī)療支持，stharebadlyneeded表示“某物被迫切需要”，故填needed?！军c(diǎn)睛】本篇第6題的難度在于需要根據(jù)空后的to想到contraryto這個(gè)短語(yǔ)，根據(jù)第四段中的“theirproductswouldhelpcreatemeaningfulrelationshipsandcommunities”及“butwhenitcomestohumanrelationships,itturnsoutthere'snosubstituteforbuildingthemtheold-fashionedway,inperson”可知，F(xiàn)acebook、蘋果(Apple)和谷歌等公司承諾他們的產(chǎn)品有助于建立有意義的人際關(guān)系，但當(dāng)涉及到人際關(guān)系時(shí)，事實(shí)證明，沒(méi)有什么可以代替用傳統(tǒng)的方式建立的人際關(guān)系，這說(shuō)明事情出現(xiàn)了反轉(zhuǎn)，contraryto表示“與……相反”，故填contrary。三、閱讀理解18.Thepredictability(可預(yù)見(jiàn)性)ofourmortality(死亡)ratesissomethingthathaslongpuzzledsocialscientists.Afterall,thereisnonaturalreasonwhy2,500peopleshouldaccidentallyshootthemselveseachyearorwhy7,000shoulddrownor55,000dieintheircars.Nooneestablishesa

fixednumberforeachtypeofdeath.Itjusthappensthattheyfollowaconsistentpatternyearafteryear.AfewyearsagoaCanadianpsychologistnamedGeraldWildebecameinterestedinthisphenomenon.HenoticedthatmortalityratesforviolentandaccidentaldeathsthroughouttheWesternworldhaveremainedthesamethroughoutthewholeofthecentury,despiteallthetechnologicaladvancesandincreasesinsafetystandardsthathavehappenedinthattime.Wildedevelopedatheorycalled“riskhomeostasis”.Accordingtothistheory,peoplenaturallylivewithacertainlevelofrisk.Whensomethingismadesafer,peoplewillgetaroundthemeasureinsomewaytogobacktotheoriginallevelofdanger.If,forinstance,theyarerequiredtowearseatbelts,theywillfeelsaferandthuswilldrivefaster,therebycancelingout(抵消)thebenefitsthattheseatbeltprovides.Itappearsthatwehaveaninnate(天生的)needfordanger.Inallevents,itisbecomingclearerthatthefactorsinfluencingourlifespan(壽命)arefarmorecomplexthanhadbeenpreviouslythought.Itnowappearsthatifyouwishtolivealonglife,itisn’tsimplyamatterofeatingtherightfoods,notsmoking,drivingwithcareetc.Youmustalsohavetherightattitude.Scientistsfoundthatpeoplewithasuspiciousormistrustfulnaturediefarmoreoftenthanpeoplewithasunnycharacter.Lookingonthebrightside,itseems,canaddyearstoyourlifespan.61.Whatsocialscientistshavelongfeltpuzzledaboutiswhy_______.A.themortalityratecannotbepredictedB.thedeathnumberremainedstableyearafteryearC.afixednumberforeachtypeofdeathhasnotcomeintobeingD.peoplelosttheirliveseveryyearforthisorthatreason62.Inhisresearch,GeraldWildefindsthattechnologicaladvancesandincreasesinsafetystandards_____.A.havehelpedsolvetheproblemofsohighdeathrateB.haveaccountedformortalityratesinthepastcenturyC.havereducedmortalityratesforviolentandaccidentaldeathsD.haveachievednoeffectinbringingdownthenumberofdeaths63.Accordingtothetheoryof“riskhomeostasis”,sometrafficaccidentsresultfrom_____.A.ourfastdriving

B.ourinnatedesireforriskC.ourinterestinspeeding

D.ourignoranceofseatbeltbenefits64.Bysaying“…cancelingoutthebenefitsthattheseatbeltprovides”(Para.2),theauthormeans_____.A.wearingseatbeltsdoesnothaveanybenefitsB.deathsfromwearingseatbeltsarethesameasthosefromnotwearingthemC.deathsfromotherreasonscounterbalance(抗衡)thebenefitsofwearingseatbeltsD.wearingseatbeltsdoesnotnecessarilyreducedeathsfromtrafficaccidents65.Whichofthefollowingmaycontributetoalongerlifespan?A.SmokingonceinawhileB.ShowinglittletrustinthecommunicationC.EatingthefoodlowinfatanddrivingwithgreatcareD.Developinganoptimisticpersonalityandneverlosingheart參考答案：BDBCD19.AreHappyMealsReallyHappy?Don’tweallknowa“HappyMeal”whenweseeone--thefamousboxedmealthatincludesahamburger,kid-sizedFrenchfries,fruitsandmilk,servedwithatoythat’sextremelypopularwithchildrenwholovetocollectthem?AHappyMealisaformofkids’mealsoldatacertainfast-foodchainsince1979.Atoyisincludedinthemeal,bothofwhichareusuallycontainedinaboxorpaperbag.However,collectorsoftheselittletoyswillnotgetthemanylonger,sincethecompanywillreplacetoyswithbooksandeachofthesebookswillmainlypassonnutritionalmessages.HappyMealsareextremelypopularwithkids,especiallyfortheircollectabletoys,whenyouconsiderthatover1.3billionofthesepackagesaresoldeachyear.Thesepackageshavebeenverycontroversial.Healthsupportersbelievethatdrawingkidstothesemealswithtoysisacleverwayofpromotingunhealthyfoodchoices.Theyseeitasanadvertisingastrategyof“catchingitscustomersyoung”--amovethathaspaidoffverywellforthefast-foodcompany.Childdevelopmentexpertssaythatfoodhabitsgetformedinchildrenbyagesixandcontinuethroughtotheiradultlife.FattyandsugaryfoodssuchasthoseservedinHappyMealsarebelievedtoplayabigroleingrowinghealthproblemssuchasobesityanddiabetes.Publichealthcarecostshavegoneupanduntoldamountsofmoneyhavebeenspentoncopingwiththesehealthproblems.OnNovember2,2010,theSanFranciscoBoardofSupervisorspassedalawrequiringthatchildren’smealssoldinrestaurantsmustmeetcertainnutritionalstandardsbeforetheycouldbesoldwithtoys,toovercometheproblemofchildhoodobesity--inotherwords,theStateofCaliforniatriedtobanthetoysinHappyMeals.However,itwasstronglyopposedbysomeasbeingheavy-handed,andthebanwasthrownoutbythegovernment.Whilesomepeoplebelievethatthefast-foodcompany,withitslargefollowingofchildren,cancreateapowerfulmessagethroughthebooks,othersbelieveitsactionsareco