2023學年完整版Unit5TravellingAbroad詞匯

Unit5TravellingAbroad詞匯一、預習詞匯：visa n.簽證entry/exit/transitvisa入境簽證/出境簽證/過境簽證avisafor….去….的簽證DoyouneedavisaforEgypt?queuen.隊列，行列 jointhequeue加入隊列 inthequeue在隊列里jumpthequeue 插隊 waitinthequeue排隊等候vi.排隊 queueup排成隊等候人們在外面排起了隊。Peoplequeuedupoutside.queuefor為….排隊我們得排隊買票。Wehadtoqueuefortickets.lecturen＆vi.演講，講課→lecturern.演講者，講課者present/give/deliveralecture發(fā)表演講attend/gotoalecture聽演講alectureon/about....關(guān)于…的演講alecturetosb.....給…的演講qualificationn.資格，資歷→qualifyv.取得資格，達到標準，使具有資格→qualifiedadj.有資格的，合格的，勝任的preparationn.準備，預備→preparev.準備→preparedadj.準備好的recommendvt.推薦，建議→recommendationn.建議，推薦comfortn.舒適，安慰vt.安慰→discomfortv.（使）不安，（使）不愉快→comfortableadj.舒適的，舒服的→uncomfortableadj.不舒服的→comfortablyadv.舒適地，舒服地academicadj.學校的，學術(shù)的→academyn.學院substituten./vt.代替者，代替品；用…代替→substitutionn.代替，替換requirementn.需要，要求→requirevt./vi.要求revisev.復習，修正，復查→revisionn.復習，修正，復查draftn.草稿，草案vt.草擬，起草early/first/originaldraft初稿，原稿roughdraft粗略的草稿finaldraft定稿acknowledgevt.承認，確認，答謝→acknowledgementn.承認，答謝contradictvt.反駁，駁斥contradictyourself自相矛盾→contradictionn.否認，反駁，矛盾incontradictionto與…相反(Hispublicspeechesareincontradictiontohispersonallifestyle.他的公開言論與他的本人生活方式恰恰相反)→contradictoryadj.矛盾的，對立的autonomousadj.自主的，自治的，獨立的→autonomouslyadv.自主地→autonomyn.自治，自治權(quán)automaticadj.自動的→automationn.自動化occupyvt.占用，占領(lǐng)，占據(jù)→occupationn.職業(yè)，占領(lǐng)，占用→occupiedadj.使用中的，有人使用的，被占領(lǐng)的，被侵占的apologyn.道歉，謝罪→apologizev.道歉makeanapologytosth.因…向某人道歉apologizetosth/doingsth.因…向某人道歉aletterofapology一封道歉信bachelorn.→獲學士學位的人，未婚男子bachelor’sdegree學士學位routinen.常規(guī)，日常事務(wù)adj.通常的，例行的dailyroutine日常事務(wù)getinto/settleintoaroutine習慣常規(guī)，適應(yīng)常規(guī)follow/gothroughtheroutine遵循慣例，履行常規(guī)break/change/varytheroutine打破慣例，改變慣例asamatterofroutine例行公事Ittookmeaweektogetinto/settleintotheroutine.我花了一個星期的時間適應(yīng)常規(guī)。Wegothroughthesameoldroutineeverymorning.每天早晨我們做千篇一律的事。Bagsofallvisitorstothemuseumaresearchedasamatterofroutine.所有參觀者的包在進博物館之前都要進行例行檢查。agentn.代理人，經(jīng)紀人→agencyn.代理處，經(jīng)銷處travelagent旅行代辦人，旅行代理人travelagency旅行社paralleladj.平行的，相同的，類似的parallellines平行線beparallelto與…平行，與…類似n.平行線,平行面bewithoutparallel/havenoparallel無可匹敵inparallelwith和…一起/同時,并行v.與…平行，與…類似，與…匹敵parallelsb.in(doing)sth.在…方面與某人匹敵Theroadandthecanalareparalleltoeachother.道路與運河平行。Myexperienceinthismatterisparalleltoyours.在這件事情上，我的經(jīng)驗和你的類似。Therailwaylinerunsparallelto/withtheroad.這條鐵路與那條公路平行。Noonecanparallelhiminswimming.在游泳方面無人能與他匹敵。Annwantedtopursueherowncareerinparallelwithherhusband’s.安想跟丈夫同時追求各自事業(yè).Theplaneisflyingparallelto/withthecoastline.飛機沿海岸線飛行。Thistraditionhasnoparallelinourculture.這種傳統(tǒng)在我們的文化中是沒有的。Yourstorycloselyparallelswhathetoldme.相似于他告訴我的情況。abundantadj.豐富的，充裕的→abundancen.豐富，充足governvi./vt.統(tǒng)治，支配，管理(Whogovernsthiscountry?Youshouldgovernyourtemper.)→governmentn.政府(與the連用時是集體名詞，指整體時，謂語用單數(shù)，指成員時，謂語動詞用復數(shù).)→governorn.州長→governmentaladj.統(tǒng)治的，政府的destinationn.目的地→destinev.預定，指定二、精講詞匯：recommendvt.推薦，介紹，勸告，建議recommendationn.提議；推薦；介紹；推薦信recommendsb.sth=recommendsth.tosb. 向某人推薦，介紹recommenddoing 建議做……recommendsb.todosth. 建議某人做……recommendthat 建議(虛擬語氣)onone’srecommendation=ontherecommendationofsb.經(jīng)某人介紹followsb.’srecommendations聽從某人的勸告personalrecommendation私人介紹Canyourecommendagooddictionarytome?你能給我推薦一本好字典嗎？Irecommendbuyingthatpen.我建議買那只鋼筆。Thedoctorrecommendshispatientstogooutforawalk.醫(yī)生建議病人出去散會步。Thedoctorstronglyrecommendedthathetakeaholiday.醫(yī)生竭力勸他去休假。Hegaveherthejobonheruncle’srecommendation.經(jīng)她叔父介紹，他讓她擔任了這份工作?！咀⒁狻浚?）recommend后接不定式的復合結(jié)構(gòu)；也可接doing形式。有類似用法的單詞有：allow,advise,forbid,permit等（2）recommend表示“建議”時，還可以接that從句，該從句要用虛擬語氣。類似的有;一堅持insist 二命令order,command三建議suggest,advise,propose 五要求demand,desire,require,request,ask（3）recommendation后的同位語從句、表語從句、賓語從句等要用虛擬語氣(should)+v.（4）把甲介紹給乙，使他們相識，用introduce；把某物介紹、推薦給某人或把某人推薦給某人，用recommend。ThedoctorrecommendedthatyouDswimaftereatingalargemeal.A.wouldn’tB.couldn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’tqualificationn.資格，證明havetherightqualificationsfor(doing)sth.有資格做某事havetherightqualificationstodosthShehasalltherightqualificationsforthejob.她完全有資格勝任這項工作。Hehasnoqualificationstoteachcollegestudents.他沒有具備教大學的資格。qualifyv.取得資格，使合格qualifysb.for/assth使某人具有某種資格/給某人某種資格qualifydosth.使某人有資格做某事Hequalifiedhimselfasajudge.他有資格當法官。Hisknowledgequalifieshimforthejob.他的學問使他勝任該工作。qualifiedadj.具備…學歷的，符合資格的bewell/fullyqualifiedfor/as/todosth有充分的資格Heiswell/fullyqualifiedforthework.他有充分的資格擔任該工作。Themangotamedicalqualification(獲得醫(yī)生資格證)lastyear.qualifiern.合格者preparationn.準備，預備n.beinpreparation在準備中 inpreparationfor在準備中makepreparationsagainst為防止……做準備 makepreparationsfor為……做準備Thestudentsaremakingpreparationsforthecomingexamination.學生們正在為即將到來的考試而做準備。Hepackedhisbagsinpreparationforthejourney.他打好提包，為旅行做準備。preparev．把……準備好，預備好preparesth.準備…… preparefor為……做好準備preparesth.forsth.為……做準備 preparesb.forsth.使某人對某事物有所準備Motherisnowpreparingfoodfordinner.媽媽正在為晚餐準備食物。Theypreparedthemselvesfortheworst.她們做了最壞的打算?！緟^(qū)別】prepare/preparefor(1)prepare準備；謂語動作直接體現(xiàn)在賓語上。Theteacherispreparinglessons.老師正在備課。(2)preparefor為……做準備，for的賓語一般只是謂語動作要達到的目的。Thestudentsarepreparingfortheexam.同學們在為考試做準備。preparedadj.準備好的；有準備的bewellpreparedforsth./todosth.對某事有充分的準備【即學即用】Motherwasinthekitchenpreparing(準備)lunchwhileIwaspreparingfor(準備)thecomingexam.Wearewellpreparedfor(做好了充分準備)theCollegeEntranceExaminationin2011.Theyaremakingfinalpreparations(準備)fortheirwedding.—I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.—Ithinkso.HeDforitformonths.A.ispreparingB.waspreparing C.hadbeenpreparing D.hasbeenpreparingcomfortn.舒適，安慰vt.安慰v. comfortsb.forsth.因某事安慰某人 comfortsb.withsth用……安慰某人Shecomfortedherselfwiththethoughtthatitwouldbesoonspring.她想到春天很快就要來臨，以此安慰自己。n. forcomfort為了舒服 incomfort舒適 givecomfortto安慰某人bringcomfortto給某人帶來安慰 take/have/findcomfortin…從…中得到安慰acomfort一件令人愜意的事情Thenewsbroughtcomforttoallofus.那個消息給大家?guī)砹税参?。Shealwaysfindscomfortinherchildrenwhenthinkingofthelossofherhusband.想到死去的丈夫，她總是從孩子們身上得到安慰。Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfact,itisverycomfortabletoB.A.sit B.siton C.besat D.besatondiscomfortv.（使）不安，（使）不愉快 comfortableadj.舒適的，舒服的uncomfortableadj.不舒服的 comfortablyadv.舒適地，舒服地substituten.代替者；代用品；vt.用……代替；substitutionn.代替，替換n. asasubstitute(for)作為代表人/代用品 asubstituteforsth.代替……的人或物benosubstitutefor...沒有……那樣好；不如……稱心Paul’sfatheronlysawhimasasubstituteforhisdeadbrother.保羅的父親只把他當做死去的哥哥來看待。vt. substituteAforB=substituteBwithA用A代替B substitutefor代替Wesubstitutedaredballforablueonetoseeifthebabywouldnotice.我們用紅皮球換下了藍皮球，看著嬰兒會不會發(fā)覺。Weshouldsubstituteabrokenwindowwithanewone.我們應(yīng)該用新窗戶更換破了的窗戶。Mr.LisubstitutedforProfessorWangwhowasoffsick.王教授因病沒有上班，李先生頂替了他?！緟^(qū)別】substitute,replace（1）這兩個詞的含義略有不同，substitute強調(diào)“代替，頂替”，而replace強調(diào)“替換，更換”，即把舊的或壞的東西更換成新的（通常用taketheplaceof更通俗些）。（2）在句型結(jié)構(gòu)上，通常是： substituteAforB用A代替B（使用A）replaceAwithB用B替換A（使用B）Shesubstitutedsugarforhoney.她用糖代替蜂蜜。Wereplacedaflattyrewithanewone.我們用新輪胎替換爆胎?？梢员硎敬娴亩陶Z：takeone’splace/taketheplaceof/inplaceof/insteadofInmodernsociety,peoplesubstitutebricksCstones.A.with B.by C.for D.throughrequirementn.要求；需要→requirevt.&vi.需要；依靠requiretodo要求做…… requiresb.todo要求某人做……requiresth.tobedone要求某事被做 requiredoing/tobedone要求被做requiresth.ofsb.要求某人提供或擁有某物 requirethat...(should)+動詞原形要求做某事Itis/wasrequiredthat...(should)+動詞原形有人要求做……【注意】（1）require表示“需要”時，后面接動名詞的主動形式表被動意義。（2）require表示“要求，命令”時其后的that賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，即should+動詞原形，should可省略。（3）在requirement后的同位語從句和表語從句中，謂語用“（should）+動詞原形”表示虛擬語氣。Notallgoodscansatisfy/meet/fulfillthecustomers’requirements.并非所有的商品都能滿足顧客的需求。Theirrequirementisthateverymemberattendatleastonemeetingperyear.他們的要求是每個會員每年至少參加一次會議?！炯磳W即用】（1）Thesituationrequiredthathe(should)bepresent(需要他在場).（2）Everybodyisrequiredto（被要求）attendthemeeting.（3）Theseyoungtreeswillrequirelookingafter(需要照料)carefully.（4）Whatistheminimumentrancerequirement(入學條件)forthiscourse?acknowledgevt.承認；確認；答謝acknowledgesb.向某人打招呼；問候acknowledgesb./sth.tobe...承認某人/某物是……acknowledge...認為/接受某人是/成為……acknowledgedoingsth.承認做某事acknowledgethat...承認…… Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat...……是大家公認的acknowledgementn.承認；致謝，答謝inacknowledgementof為表彰/為感謝…..【即學即用】Theyacknowledgedhimtobetheirmaster.他們一致認為他是他們的主人。Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatheisthefinestpoetintheflesh.大家公認它是目前最好的詩人Thereisaspecialawardinacknowledgementofallhishardwork.這是表彰他辛勤工作的特別獎。OnlyafterhewasbroughttothepolicestationdidtheyoungmanDhehadstolensomemoneyfromotherpassengers.A.participateB.realizeC.know D.acknowledgeoccupyvt.占用，占領(lǐng)，占據(jù)occupyoneselfwithsth./indoingsth.忙于……；專心于……beoccupiedwith/indoingsth.忙于做某事occupyone’smind/thoughts/attention占據(jù)某人的頭腦/思想/注意力beoccupied（房間、座位、床位等）有人占用bedeeplyoccupiedinthinking陷入沉思 befullyoccupied忙得不可開交Theworkersareoccupiedinbuildingnewhouses.建筑工人正在忙著建造新房子。Sheoccupiedherselfwithhouseworkallday.她整天忙于做家務(wù)。Theseactivitiesoccupiedmostofhertime.這些活動占了她大部分時間。Theysoonoccupiedthecity.他們很快占領(lǐng)了這座城市。occupationn.工作，職業(yè)；占據(jù)；消遣byoccupation職業(yè)inoccupationof占用Nooneisyetinoccupationofthehouse.這房子還沒有人住進去。Heisabusdriverbyoccupation.他的職業(yè)是公交司機。Havingretiredfrombusiness,henowBhimselfwiththewelfareofthedisabled.A.associatesB.occupiesC.chargesD.rewardsabundantadj.豐富的，充足的abundantlyadv.大量地；豐盛地；充裕地beabundantin=berichin富于……，……很豐富abundancen．豐富，充裕 inabundance大量，豐盛，充裕anabundanceof...很多的…… alifeofabundance富裕的生活【即學即用】Theregionisabundantinwildlife.這個地區(qū)野生動物極多。Thecountryisabundantinnaturalresources.那個國家自然資源豐富。Atthefeasttherewereanabundanceoffoodanddrink.宴會上有豐盛的食品和飲料。TheDresourcesandstablepolicyprovidethemwiththeadvantagesofdevelopingtheirbusiness.A.generousB.limitedC.narrowD.abundant三、重點詞組keepitup保持優(yōu)秀成績，繼續(xù)干下去keepsb./sth.upabelttokeepmytrousersup使……不掉落Shekeptupherspiritsbysinging.使……不低落，保持高水平Willthefineweatherkeepup?保持IhopeI’mnotkeepingyouup.使某人熬夜（或開夜車、不睡覺）與keep相關(guān)的短語Thedevicekeptarecordofwhatyoubought.Therainkeptonforseveraldays.Youjusthavetokeep(on)workingtowardsyourgoal.Wemustkeepthemfromgettingtoknowourplans.Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,keepinmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveprocessing.Keepoffthegrass!Pleasekeepthedogoutofmystudy.Withonlythreelegs,itwashardforthecattokeepupwiththeoldlady.fitin找到時間（見某人，做某事）；找到足夠的地方或空間fitsb./sth.in找到時間（見某人，做某事）；找到足夠的地方或空間fitsb./sth.in/intosth.fitin(withsb./sth.)（與……）合得來，相適應(yīng)AlthoughI’mverybusy,I’lltrytofitinagameoftennisattheweekend.I’lltryandfityouinafterlunch.Ihadtofittenappointmentsintoonemorning.Themeetingroomisabitsmall.Wecan’tfitinanymorechairs.Anewbuildingmustfitinwithitssurroundings.Iwasn’tsureifshewouldfitinwithmyfriends.【練習】Dotheseplansfitinwithyourarrangements?這些計劃和你的安排一致嗎？Canyoumanagetofitthissmalltableinsomewhere?你能不能找個地方放這張小桌子？【總結(jié)】fit用法：v.Ican’tfindtheclothestofitme.I’dliketohaveadeskintheroombutitdoesn’tfit.Theyfittedasmokealarmtotheceiling.Thepunishmentoughttofitthecrime.Hisexperiencefittedhimperfectlyforthejob.fit(大小、尺寸)合適suit(顏色、款式、口味、特色、時間、地點等)合適match=gowith匹配adj.He’sbeenillandisn’tfitenoughforworkyet.Thefoodwasnotfitforhumanconsumption.Hewon’tbefittoplayinthematchoSunday.befitforbefittodokeepfit/healthyas/sofarasoneisconcerned就……而言as…as…結(jié)構(gòu)總結(jié)：asfaras… asfarasI’maware就我所知asfarastheeyescan/couldsee極目所盡 asfarasIknowas/sofarasoneisconcerned就……而言 asfarasIcanremember/see/tell…assoonaspossible asmuch/manyas aslongasassoonas aswellas asgoodasoutofthequestion不可能 Anothertripabroadthisyearisoutofthequestion.outofquestion毫無疑問outof的常見含義在……之外；離開；從……之中g(shù)ooutoftheroom;outoftown;sixoutoften出于；由于；出自givesb.helpoutofconcern;dost