SAT 2016年03月北美 真題 答案+知識(shí)點(diǎn)

PASSAGE1ACCACBBACDPASSAGE2BACABABBDBAPASSAGE3DABCDBADACAPASSAGE4AADDCDBCBAPASSAGE5BCDDBAADCB語(yǔ)法MudskippersDBABDDBBDDDKnightsinShiningArmorCAACABDDCDATheTraditionoftheHaenyeoABCDCCAABABWindPower:DoingCommunitiesaGoodTurnCADCBDCBCACPassage1D考點(diǎn)：標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。justlikeotherfish是插入語(yǔ)，用一對(duì)逗號(hào)。B考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)+時(shí)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)的核心名詞是ability，且本句描述的是一^客觀事實(shí)，stems。A考點(diǎn)：邏輯關(guān)系詞。本句中的bimodalrespiration是對(duì)前句中的certainphysicaladaptation進(jìn)行具體舉例。B考點(diǎn)：固定搭配°theabilityto…D考點(diǎn)：文章主旨。做完全篇再回來(lái)做本題。文章在說(shuō)的是具有兩種呼吸方式的mudskippers相比其他只有單一呼吸方式的魚，有更強(qiáng)的適應(yīng)環(huán)境的能力。D考點(diǎn)：句子結(jié)構(gòu)。ABC出現(xiàn)了不同的并列連詞，D中刪除掉并列連詞，因此考點(diǎn)會(huì)牽涉到是否需要并列連詞。觀察句子發(fā)現(xiàn)，句首ratherthanbeing…介詞短語(yǔ)，做句子狀語(yǔ)，其后應(yīng)該跟主句，二者是修飾關(guān)系，而非并列關(guān)系。B考點(diǎn)合并句子。第二句話對(duì)第一句進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)折,所以將其改為讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，既簡(jiǎn)潔,又能準(zhǔn)確反映原文中however體現(xiàn)出的邏輯關(guān)系oACD均為并列復(fù)合句，不如B簡(jiǎn)潔，且邏輯均錯(cuò)誤。B考點(diǎn)：書面語(yǔ)。直接選possible。D考點(diǎn)：邏輯關(guān)系詞。intertidalregions..就是對(duì)前一句中的areassubjecttodrasticchanges…具體舉例，用infact。D考點(diǎn)：代詞。指代mudskippers。D考點(diǎn)：增加句子。本句跟文章主旨無(wú)關(guān)。Passage2C考點(diǎn)：run-on句型。ABD均是run-on,C逗號(hào)后是一^獨(dú)立主格。A考點(diǎn)：時(shí)態(tài)?？陀^事實(shí)。A考點(diǎn)：引起后半句。后半句說(shuō)這些展覽揭示了中世紀(jì)傳奇背后的物理顯示，對(duì)應(yīng)A中的morethanjustfantasy>C考點(diǎn)：加入句子。本句偏離了文章主旨。C考點(diǎn)：固定搭配。becomposedofB考點(diǎn)：邏輯關(guān)系詞。indeed強(qiáng)化前句話的觀點(diǎn)。D考點(diǎn)：文章。和其他段落pattern—致，其他段落都是跟隨作者的腳步移動(dòng)來(lái)展開文章內(nèi)容。D考點(diǎn)：合并句子。第二句是對(duì)第一句中的garnitures補(bǔ)充信息，將其變?yōu)橥徽Z(yǔ)最簡(jiǎn)潔。（D中TYPO，漏印了逗號(hào)）。C考點(diǎn)：標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。orsometimesorthree為插入語(yǔ)，用一對(duì)逗號(hào)。A考點(diǎn)：比較結(jié)構(gòu)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是名詞短語(yǔ)，且其核心名詞不同。再有，劃線左邊有表示表關(guān)系的as...as...短語(yǔ)，因此本題考點(diǎn)可能是比較關(guān)系，形式一致。讀句子得知，句中比較對(duì)象是emperor的armor和earl的armor。A考點(diǎn)：句子結(jié)構(gòu)。ACD均是短語(yǔ)，B是一個(gè)句子，因?yàn)榭键c(diǎn)和句子結(jié)構(gòu)有關(guān)系，讀句子的時(shí)候注意結(jié)構(gòu)°bothits…andits…Passage3D考點(diǎn)：標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。本句中主句之后是2個(gè)獨(dú)立主格，中間加逗號(hào)°while用于引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，而本句中沒有從句。B考點(diǎn)：所有格+標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)°families不應(yīng)該用所有格‘families后面的信息對(duì)前面的信息進(jìn)行解釋，用冒號(hào)。C考點(diǎn)：句子結(jié)構(gòu)。was后是that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。D考點(diǎn)：簡(jiǎn)潔。extraneous和unnecessary重復(fù)。C考點(diǎn)：第二個(gè)相似的例子。C的例子和第—例子形式一致，且意思上也都是對(duì)于divers的保護(hù)措施。C考點(diǎn)：邏輯關(guān)系詞。前后內(nèi)容相反，用instead。A考點(diǎn)：相似的例子。其他的例子都是device為divers提供的幫助，只有A是同樣的內(nèi)容。A考點(diǎn)：合并句子。原文中2句話是對(duì)比關(guān)系。A用whereas引導(dǎo)的表示對(duì)比的狀語(yǔ)從句，邏輯準(zhǔn)確又簡(jiǎn)潔。B是although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，邏輯錯(cuò)誤，且"diversonit"多余°CD均是并列復(fù)合句，不簡(jiǎn)潔。B考點(diǎn)：邏輯關(guān)系。明顯的因果關(guān)系，用so。A考點(diǎn)：亂加逗號(hào)。這幾處均不可加標(biāo)點(diǎn)。B考點(diǎn)：邏輯關(guān)系詞。forthesereasons指代前面幾句話中提到的原因。Passage4C考點(diǎn)：句子結(jié)構(gòu)。這里是2個(gè)完整的句子，是并列關(guān)系，用and。A考點(diǎn)：比較狀語(yǔ)從句。than引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句，比較對(duì)象是windturbinescauseenvironmentaldamage和powerplantsthatburnfossilfuelscauseenvironmentaldamage為了避免重復(fù)，可以把從句中的謂語(yǔ)部分（即causeenvironmentaldamage）用助動(dòng)詞do來(lái)代替。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)候，通常會(huì)將主語(yǔ)后置，動(dòng)詞提前。B的錯(cuò)誤是沒有動(dòng)詞，且時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。C加了情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can錯(cuò)誤。D不是完整的句子。D考點(diǎn)：作者意圖題。注意題干中的"specificclaims"，只有D提到的是具體的。C考點(diǎn)：邏輯主語(yǔ)。劃線部分為句子主干，且句子開頭是一個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)的變形（介詞ving短語(yǔ)），判斷本題考點(diǎn)為邏輯主語(yǔ)，分析下來(lái)只有C中主語(yǔ)windfarms可以發(fā)出benefitingindividuals這個(gè)動(dòng)作。B考點(diǎn)：圖表題。很明顯啊，在兩個(gè)windfarms建成之后，taxrevenue都出現(xiàn)了明顯的increase。D考點(diǎn)：簡(jiǎn)潔。C考點(diǎn)：標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。前后是完整的兩句話，用分號(hào)連接。B考點(diǎn)：詞匯。averse相反的adverse不利的adverted提及的adversarial對(duì)抗的C考點(diǎn)：邏輯關(guān)系詞。轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用however。A考點(diǎn)：書面語(yǔ)。dissuadefrom勸阻。C考點(diǎn)：句子排序。這句話說(shuō)渦輪看起來(lái)跟自然風(fēng)景很不協(xié)調(diào)，1提到了渦輪看起來(lái)ugly，且2開始就不再說(shuō)ugly這個(gè)缺點(diǎn)，開始講對(duì)于健康的adverseeffects。所以放在1之后。2021-7-1beonthetextofanewstorybeatherdrawingboard3.Shewasnotwritingsomuchasplanningoutherpanelsatthetypewritertheleadstorystoryboardednolessdetailedneverbotherwithtellingsb.howtodosth.haveeverythingfiguredoutinadvanceshotbyshothadgottenherstartinsth.soonafter……upondoingsth.takeoversb'sdeskatsp.clearoutsubcompetentswholitteredthestaffthere15.leavesb.withanacuteshortageofartists16.inparticularTommyhadstartedkindergarten.thearrantpurposelessnessofherlifeharriedandfranticwithanarmloadofBristolboardstayupallnightwithpagessomedreadfulGoldStarsuperherostripthePhantomStallionThereignoftheQueenhadcommenced.emergeslowlyatfirstonlynowandthenunsignedanduncreditedspreadoutonthedinettetablehaveasteadyhandhaveastronglinehaveagoodsenseofshadowbeinajamorshorthandedcraveintenselythedayswhen……Aalreadyfarexceededthatofsb.hecouldaffordtohireatsp.haveevergivenanythoughttosth.cookuphaveconsiderablesuccessadatewithsb.basedontheoldtrue-romancepuplstheoldpulpgenresbeexhumedbeaimedatbecenteredonacceptsb'sproposalwithaflushofgratitudewhosepowerwasundiminishedevennow2021-7-2fortyacrescofoundtheNationalFarmWorkersAssociationtreefruitahistoricalaccount5.ourmembershipthepoordispossessedhavebeenraisedonouraccountbythesamemeasureneitherareweimmoralhavesufferedandenduredmuchabjectpoverty/misery/failuretheexclusionfromthedemocraticprocessthelackofformaleducationslay-slew-slainhavesoughttodemoralizebenotbeastsofburdenagriculturalimplementsmarkthiswell19.lockedinadeathstruggleagainstman'sinhumanitytosb.ennbobleourdyinggivemeaningtoourlifestrikerbewelltrainedforsth.Theyhavebeenunderthegun,theyhavebeenkickedandbeatenandherdedbydogs,theyhavebeencursedandridiculed,theyhavebeenstrippedandchainedandjailed,theyhavebeensprayedwiththepoisonsusedinthevineyardstoliedownanddienortofleeinshametoresistwitheveryounceofhumanenduranceandspirittoresistnotwithretaliationinkindbuttoovercomewithloveandcompassion,withingenuityandcreativity,withhardworkandlongerhours,withstaminaandpatienttenacity,withtruthandpublicappeal,withfriendsandallies,withnobilityanddiscipline,withpoliticsandlaw,andwithprayerandfasting.Whilewedonotbelittleorunderestimateouradversariesnordowecringefromtheconfrontation30.ourcourseisjust31.inheritthelandgrapevineblendedinwiththisscenarioalmostunnoticeablytakesth.forgrantedtheirdreary,hopelessexistenceacryforjusticewentforthacryofoutrageandacryofhopethepicketlinesspelloutacommonlongingbeginalong,uphillfightchipawayatsth.ofsth.setuptheirpicketlinesbypowerfulinjunctionpledgethemselvestononviolencefaceviolenceandhatredfromsb.corruptcourtsbrutalpolicemenself-seekingpoliticians50.inspiteofanendlessstreamoffrustratingobstaclesdespairhasgivenwaytohopeunionizeseveralranchesshout“no”imidatinganhonorableundertakingthehighmoralintegrityalastresortbeprimarilydrivenbyadesire63.inderminedetrimentalunderpinninggenesisjustification68.ingeneraltermscontextpersistentcircumstancesacknowledge72.overseethestrikereiteratetheclaimrecognizeanargumentrefute2021-7-5reproductionplumpwithamassofcurlyhairtheirstrikingplumpnessfattissueproportionAhebellycavityAevolvedinearlyhumanstocounterexcessivecoolingsubcutaneousfat31.inopensavannahyieldonlyweakevidencepropesebysb.exceptionally35.increasedfatreservesasacrucialenergybufferwouldbeparticularlyadvantageous37.offsetanydisruptionintheflowofresourcestothegrowinginfantgoingastepfurthernutrirtionistsdepositionoffathumanfetuspregnancytakeplaceasaresultbewellbelownormalinprematurebabiesasixth47.insufficientfatdeposits48.preemy49.benotwellbufferedgivenadequatenutrition51.itisvitaltorecognizedthespecialneedsofprematurebabies52.aptlydescribeAasB2021-7-8hindsightbiasbedefinedastermedthe“Knewitallalongeffect,”precededaneventthwartsoundappraisal6.legalsystem7.particularlywithrespecttonegligence,productliabilityandmedicalmalpractice8.inlegalapplicationsadefendantreasonablyforensictests12.isdeemedirrelevantinevaluatingthebeforeafocalmishapoccurredasempiricalstudieshaveshownafflictjudgmentsofsth.conveytoseasoneddecisionmakersbeconfusedwithsth.18.innovate,thrive,andprosperthisinterpretationfollowsalongthelinesof……20.hetimingofmakingaconclusiondirectedatcurrentactionsandfutureplansbycontrasthometeamretrieveone'searlierestimatebedefinedasthehypotheticaldesignreturningtothefootballgameexamplewhereasbeinstructedtodisregardsth.31.imaginethemselvestobeintheshoesentrepreneursrecall34.irrationality35.StanfordUniversityPressanoverviewthoroughsound/accuratetheextentfirstandreviseone'sviewrandomseparate44.indeterminaterecounthighlightsth.47.identifyuniquepropertiesofsubductionzonelavasacrevicebepromptedinpartby……2021-7-14Passage5supplementarymaterialstectonicstheMarianatrenchdescendingdeepintotheplanetcrevicerecyclemantlerockcalledsubductionahotdebatemunmaskasequenceof……remnantsmarkthedawnofAmarksthedawnofBandthus(thedawnof)Ccriticaltosomething.thesamegeochemicalsignaturebemixedwithbrinyfluidssqueezedupthroughsp.decidetotakeacloserlookadistinctchemicalpatternauniquesequenceofrocksattheUniversityofIowatakesubmersiblesintosp.confirmsb.ssuspicionsbelinkedinwithsth.successivelayertheoceanicslabmagamatoponeanotherdepthsqueezeAoutoftheslabinfluids29.overtimepoorintheelementniobiumyetterbiumniobium32.partialsignatureclarionmarkbolsterbemuchmorerobustthanjustsaying……benotcompletelyconvinced37……,though.bewarpedtheevidencewouldbecompellingundeformedbemodifiedbyintensemaskandmodifythroughcontaminationwhilewhilethosearelegitimateconcerns45.isn'ttoobotheredbenotfullysortedoutyetwhenitcomestosth.thisisreasonabletimewornrockstheworkdoneinthispaper2021-7-15makethepassageconformtotheconventionsofstandardwrittenEnglishthriveoutofthewaterstemlargelyfrom……setAapartfromBtheabilitytodosth.mudskipperphysicaladaptions8.inparticularneverthelessbycontrastbimodalrespirationfeedmainlyonsth.haveachambertohousetheirgillscanreadilyextractdissolvedoxygenfromwaterbloodvesselsfacilitateratherthanbeingactivatedat……beusedsimultaneouslytheiraquaticrespiration20.inpreparationforlessaqueousconditionstheamphibiousfishhopalongtidalmudflatstheedgesofmangroveswampsapproximatelyaccountfor40to50percentasnapsthisdoableabreezemakeitpossibleforsb.toliveinareasubjecttodrasticchanges30.inintertidalregionsbemarkedbyregular,anismsinhuntforfood,reproductiveopportunities,andoptimalenvironmentalconditionsAcontradictsB.digressfromthemainpointhaveasignificantadvantageoverotherfishability的基本用法：-sability指“智力，技能”時(shí)用作可數(shù)名詞,且常用于復(fù)數(shù)形式。ability也可指“聰明，智慧”，這時(shí)用作不可數(shù)名詞。單獨(dú)用ability或abilities時(shí)除帶后置修飾語(yǔ)或有上下文提示者外，一般都指智力，如：1、 Almosteveryonehassomemusicalability.幾乎人人都有-些音樂才能。2、 Hewasamanofextraordinaryabilities.他才干卓著。二、 表示"在某方面有能力”時(shí)ability可接介詞in,at,for等；表示“做某事的能力”時(shí)可接動(dòng)詞不定式，也可接“in+動(dòng)名詞”,但不接“of+動(dòng)名詞”。表示"有能力的”，可說(shuō)abilityof,如：1、 Thesystemhastheabilitytorunmorethanoneprogramatthesametime.該系統(tǒng)能夠同時(shí)運(yùn)行-個(gè)以上的程序。2、 Everyonehastherighttogoodmedicalcareregardlessoftheirabilitytopay.無(wú)論支付能力如何，每個(gè)人都有權(quán)得到良好的醫(yī)療。三、 abilitytodoit前通常有限定詞，即可以說(shuō)anabilitytodoit,也可以說(shuō)theabilitytodoit,還可以說(shuō)sb'sabilitytodoit。注意這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞不定式不可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如：anabilitytoapplyknowledgeofmathematics,science,andengineering有應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)，科學(xué)和工程知識(shí)的能力-、表示“能力”、“能夠”，多為不可數(shù)名詞;表示“才能”、“才干”，多用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如I：Heisamanofability.他是位有能力的人。二、 表示有能力做某事或具有做某事的能力等，其后通常要接不定式。如I：HehastheabilitytospeakEnglishfluently.他能流利地說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。三、 但在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，也可后接ofdoingsth。女□:Iadmirehisabilityofdoingtheworkquickly.我羨慕他工作做得快。四、 ability的反義詞是inability,不是disability inability表示沒有能力或沒有才能，而disability則指因先天缺陷或受傷變殘而導(dǎo)致的無(wú)能。如I：Physicaldisabilitycausesmentalanguish.生理傷殘會(huì)引起心理苦悶。這些名詞均可表示人的“能力，才能”之意。1sability普通用詞，指人先天的或?qū)W來(lái)的各種能力。2、 capacity側(cè)重指人的潛在能力，通常不指體力，多指才智，尤指接受與領(lǐng)悟能力。capacity英[k「p比soti]n.容量;性能;才能;生產(chǎn)能力adj.充其量的，最大限度的例句：Ourcapacityforgivingcare,loveandattentionislimited.我們能夠給予的關(guān)懷、關(guān)愛和關(guān)注是有限的。Breadfactoriesareworkingatfullcapacity.面包廠正在全力生產(chǎn)。3、 capability多用于人，指勝任某項(xiàng)具體工作的能力，也指本身具有、尚未發(fā)揮的潛在能力。常與of或for連用。4、geniusn.天才，天賦（語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，可指天賦極高者，也可指天賦的特殊才能與智力，強(qiáng)調(diào)高智商，含具有獨(dú)特的創(chuàng)造力之意。）Einsteinwasagreatscientificgenius.愛因斯坦是個(gè)偉大的科學(xué)天才。Hewasageniusinbothscienceandart.他在科學(xué)和藝術(shù)兩方面都是天才。Hehassomeshareofhisfather'sgenius.他有幾分父親傳給他的天賦。Shehasageniusforlinguistics.她具有學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言學(xué)的天賦。5、talentn.天資，天分，才能;（指人在某一方面所具有的可發(fā)展和培養(yǎng)的突出天賦，語(yǔ)氣弱于genius。）Thefatherfoundthathissonhadamusicaltalent.父親發(fā)現(xiàn)兒子有音樂天賦。Doyouhaveatalentforpainting?你有繪畫天分嗎?Heisawriterofexceptionalliterarytalent.他是位文采出眾的作家。6、 competenee正式用詞，側(cè)重指令人滿意的業(yè)務(wù)能力與水平，達(dá)到勝任某項(xiàng)工作等的要求。competenee英［'kompitsns］n.能力;技能;相當(dāng)?shù)馁Y產(chǎn)例句：1） Theabilitytowriteisasupremetestoflinguisticcompetence.寫作能力是語(yǔ)文能力的最高形式的檢測(cè)。2） Theyoungsurgeonshowedexceptionalcompetence.這位年輕的外科醫(yī)生具有不尋常的才干。7、 facultyn.［正式］才能，技能（指某種特殊的才能、能力。）Georgehasafacultyforinspiringconfidenceinpeople.喬治具有激發(fā)他人信心的能力。Studyinghasreallysharpenedhercriticalfaculties.學(xué)習(xí)的確增強(qiáng)了她的判斷能力。8、 giftn.天賦，才能指人天生具有的能力或品質(zhì)，但不一定具有創(chuàng)造力；也可泛指某人在某一方面突出的個(gè)人才能。I'vealwayshadagiftforlearninglanguages.我一向有學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的天分。Heseemedtohaveagiftforpastiche.他似乎有模仿他人作品的天賦。9、 aptitude指做某類事情的習(xí)性，側(cè)重指非后天形成的自然本能迪指在學(xué)習(xí)方面的資質(zhì)或技能，常后接介詞for?！碧熨Y;天生的才能;天賦;資質(zhì);習(xí)性”Swallowshaveanaptitudeforbuildingnests.燕子有筑巢的習(xí)性。Hehasanaptitudeforpainting.他有繪畫的才能。Anaptitudeforcomputingisbeneficialforstudentstakingthisdegree.計(jì)算才能對(duì)于攻讀這個(gè)學(xué)位的學(xué)生有益處。10、 knackn.［非正式］本事，技能（指人天生的或后天學(xué)來(lái)的某種技能或本領(lǐng)。）aknackforrememberingfaces記人的本領(lǐng)Hehasaknackformakingmoney.他天生有賺錢的本領(lǐng)。Tillhasaknackofsayingfunnythings.蒂爾有說(shuō)俏皮話的本事。Sh