北師大高一英語模塊一Unit3常用詞

UnitThree常用詞用法及配套練習(xí)ByLiuDaxun,retiredteacherFromHuangshanMiddleSchoolinclude

include包括。短語：includehimamong(in,with)myfriends把他看作朋友；Everybodyhadsomethingtosay,meincluded/includingme所有的人，包括我在內(nèi)，都有話要說；用法：（1）、include的兩種分詞形式表達(dá)的形式兩樣,意思一樣。(當(dāng)所包含的內(nèi)容在include后時(shí)用including。若在其前時(shí)用included)。如：YoucanhavetendaysoffincludingSunday./Sundayincluded.在論及整體情況后，如需補(bǔ)充說明“整體所包含的部分”時(shí)，常用介詞including來引導(dǎo)，including前用逗號(hào)。（2）、include屬于靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞，一般不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，類似的有：love/believe/hear/seem/dislike/want/feel/impress/wish等。include后接名詞、動(dòng)名詞，不接不定式。如：Ourthree-daytourincludedvisiting/avisitsomewhere.比較：including短語在意思上實(shí)際與句中表示一定數(shù)量的相關(guān)具有同位關(guān)系，表示的數(shù)量包含在句中相關(guān)數(shù)量之中。如：Everybodyhadsomethingtosayincludingme/meincluded.besides表示的數(shù)量應(yīng)該加到句中相關(guān)數(shù)量上去。如：WehavefourcoursesbesidesEnglish.except表示的數(shù)量應(yīng)該從句中相關(guān)總量中減去。如：Idesirednothingexcepttoreturnhome.couldn’tcontainoneselfforjoy高興得不能自制；Tencontainfiveandtwo十可被五和二除盡；contain指“包含的是全體”，而include包含的是部分，包括在內(nèi)作為整體的一部分。如：Thisbookcontains40maps,includingthreeofGreatBritain.contain是指“實(shí)際裝進(jìn)了、容納了的量而言”，而hold是指本身的“實(shí)際容量或容納能力而言”。如：Thebottlecontainsseveralouncesofliquid,butitholdsaquart.①Thebook___40maps,___threeofGreatBritain.A.contains;containingB.includes;includingC.includes;containingD.contains;including②Presentatthemeetingwereallimportantpeople,___somescientists.A.includedB.andincludedC.includingD.toinclude③Thebookcostme12yuaninall,postage___.A.includedB.includingC.includesD.isincluded④Thoseoldpots,___theonewithaflyingdragononit,___32000Chineseancientcoins.A.included;includeB.containing;containC.including;containD.including;include⑤Vegetablesliketomatoes___richvitamins.Theyaregoodforourhealth.A.containB.containsC.includeD.includesDCCAAcelebrate

celebrate慶祝。短語：celebrateavictory慶祝勝利；celebration慶祝、慶祝會(huì)；incelebrationof慶祝；hold/haveacelebration舉行慶祝會(huì)；forthecelebration為了祝賀、以慶祝；①Thewholefamilyheldagrandparty___hisreturn.A.tocongratulateB.incelebrationofC.celebratedD.inordertocelebrateon②Mydaughterhaspassedtheexam．Congratulations！She’sreallyintelligent．___.A．No，no，sheisnothingB．Oh，thankyou！C．Sometimessheisintelligent．D．Youareright．③We___hispassingthecollegeentranceexam.A.congratulatedhimonB.celebratedhimonC.congratulatedD.celebratedhimfor④Thepress___hisbravenessinfightingthethief.A.congratulatedB.celebratedC.congratulationsD.celebrationBBBApower

power權(quán)力、勢(shì)力、力、力量。短語：doeverythinginone’spowertohelp盡力幫助；powerstation發(fā)電站；comeinto/topower掌權(quán)、執(zhí)政；inthepowerof=atthemercyof在……掌握之中、任……擺布；inpower當(dāng)權(quán)；takepower當(dāng)權(quán)、執(zhí)政；用法：power前有限定詞時(shí)，其后跟of+動(dòng)名詞。如：Hehasthepoweroforderingusabout.power前無限定詞時(shí)，其后跟不定式。如：Themanagerhaspowertofireaworker.①Nextcameahorse,swimmingbravely,butwewereafraidthatthe___ofthecurrent(水流)wouldpreventitslandinganywherebeforeitbecameexhausted(耗盡的、疲憊的).A.powerB.forceC.strengthD.energyC②ThestorywrittenbySimonisaboutaman,whoturnedhisgunbackathisfellowfighterswhenhecameinto___.A.powerB.strengthC.forceD.official③I’lldoeverythinginmy___tohelpyouout.A.energyB.powerC.rightD.reach④WhenHitler___inGermany,Einsteinfoundthedoorsofstudy___him.A.cameintopower;closedtoB.wasinpower;shuttingagainstC.tookpower;closingtoD.seizedpowers;shutagainst⑤Theillnesshasleftherwith___.A.weakB.littlepowerC.littlestrengthD.littleforceAABCdestroy

destroy破壞、毀壞、分裂。反義詞organize短語：destroytheoldworldandbuildthenewone破壞舊世界建設(shè)新世界；比較：damage指?jìng)θ嘶蛭?，使其失去價(jià)值、用途或外表，含有對(duì)價(jià)值或效果造成的損失。如：Thecropswerebadlydamagedbythefloods.harm指物質(zhì)、精神或肉體上的損害，強(qiáng)調(diào)痛苦和損失的影響。如：Theworkershavetheirhearingharmedbythenoiseofthemachines.injure無論是肉體、心靈上，還是價(jià)值、名譽(yù)的損失都可用。如：Heinjuredanarminacaraccident.destroy徹底毀壞，不能修復(fù)使用，有毀滅的意思。ruin破壞、毀壞，常指對(duì)美好的或希望中的事物的破壞。配套練習(xí)：①Anearthquakestruckthisarea,___alotofdamage.A.makingB.causingC.doneD.caused②Hisselfishnessandgreedinessatlastbroughthimto___.A.ruinsB.ruinC.damageD.damagesBB③Hishousewasslightly___inthisflood.A.ruinedB.destroyedC.damagedD.broken④Thehousewhich___inthefirelastyear___.A.destroyed;wasbelongedtomeB.destroyed;belongtoIC.wasdestroyed;belongedtomineD.wasdestroyed;belongedtome⑤Hiscamerawas___byhisson.Hehadtohaveitrepairedatonce.A.hurtB.woundC.destroyedD.damaged⑥Hisbikewassobadly___thatitcouldn’tberepairedatall.A.destroyedB.ruinedC.damagedD.damagingCCDDdecorate

decorate裝飾、修飾。短語：Thehallisdecoratedwithredflags禮堂里懸掛著紅旗；decorate…withsth用某物裝飾……；①Inthewesterncountries,peopleliketodecoratetheirhouses___holly___Christmas.A.with;inB.with;onC.with;atD.about;at②Allthestreetswere___withflagstowelcometheChinesedelegation.A.furnishedB.decoratedC.suppliedD.providedCBserve

serve招待、服務(wù)、端上（飯菜等）。短語：serveas=actas=workas充當(dāng)、擔(dān)任；serveon擔(dān)任；Makethepastservethepresent古為今用；servethecitywithgas為城市供應(yīng)煤氣；Thesofaservedtheboyas/forabed沙發(fā)用作小孩的床；servetwotermsaspresident任兩屆總統(tǒng)；servesomebodytea/serveteatosomebody給某人端上茶；Theboxservedasatable箱子用作桌子；WhatmayIserveyouwith?你要什么（售貨員）？serveasummonsonsomebody/servesomebodywithasummons向某人送傳票；servesomebodywell很好地侍候某人；Letthosewhocandoserveasteachers能者為師；somethingservestodosomething起……作用；用法：servesomebody為某人服務(wù)，不用for。Ourcookhas___thefamilyfor20years.A.servedB.servedinC.servedonD.servedasAapply

apply使用、適用。短語：applyforajob求職；applyoneselftosth致力于；applyone’smindto專心于；applytosbforsth適用、向某人申請(qǐng)；applysomethingto把……施用于；配套練習(xí)：①Ifyouareinterestedinthejob,youcanwritetoourcompanyand___.A.applyforitB.applyitforC.bidforitD.applytoit②Everyyearmanycollegegraduates___thecompany___ajob.A.appliedto;forB.appliedfor;toC.applyfor;toD.applyto;forADdepend

depend依靠。短語：dependonsomebodytodosomething指望某人做某事；dependonhertobelate/dependonherarrivingontime別指望她不遲到；dependuponit毫無疑問、沒錯(cuò)；Heisthemantobedependedupon他這人靠得??；It(all)depends…靠……決定(on可省)；用法：(1)、dependon后可接連接副詞引導(dǎo)的從句，不能用if，而要用whether引導(dǎo)。意為“依……而定”。如：Thisdependsonwhetherthemedicineiseffective.(2)、dependon/upon和relyon/upon不直接接從句，若要接從句這個(gè)從句要放在it之后。如:Idependuponitthathewillwanttocome.①Idon’tthinkheistherightperson___.A.todependonB.thatIcandependC.IcandependonD.tobedepended②Youmaydepend___itwon’thappenagain.A.thatB.onthatC.onitD.onitthat③Wouldyoucomeoverforsupperthisevening?I’dliketo,but___.A.I’llneverknowB.italldependsC.thatdependsonD.mymotherwon’tpromisemeto④I’mplanningtoholdapartyintheopenair,butIcanmakenoguaranteesbecauseit___theweather.A.linkswithB.dependsonC.connectstoD.decideson⑤IpromiseIwillgoshoppingwithyoutomorrow.Youcan___.A.dependB.believeC.dependonmeD.bedependedCCDBBentrance

entrance入口、入場(chǎng)、進(jìn)入。短語：(at)entranceto/oftheschool在學(xué)校的入口處；makeone’sentrance入場(chǎng)；Noentrance閑人免進(jìn)；entrancefree免費(fèi)入場(chǎng)；anentranceexam入學(xué)考試；backentrance后門；entranceinto/tocollege進(jìn)入大學(xué)；enter進(jìn)入；entry進(jìn)入、加入；①Congratulationsonyourpassingthecollege___exam!Thankyou.A.enteringB.entranceC.entryD.entered②China’s____intoWTOisahistoriceventinChinesehistory.A.enterB.enteringC.entryD.havingentered③Thechildrenweresurprisedbythesudden___oftheirteacher.A.enterB.entranceC.entryD.comeBCCinvite

invite邀請(qǐng)。短語：invitesomebodytodosomething邀請(qǐng)某人做某事；invitesomebodytosomewhere邀請(qǐng)某人去某地；invitesuggestions/opinionsfromsomebody征求某人的建議(意見)；invitesomebodyto/foradinner邀請(qǐng)某人吃飯；invitetroubleindoingsomething做某事是自找麻煩(invite招致)；inviteouropinionofherstory征詢我們對(duì)她的故事的意見；feelinvited感到受吸引；someinvitinggoods一些吸引人的貨物；用法：當(dāng)面邀請(qǐng)某人時(shí)用：Willyoucometotheparty?不可說：MayIinviteyoutotheparty.①Hefelt___togoandhavealook.A.invitingB.invitedC.inviteD.beinginvitedB②Beforecarryingouttheplan,we’vedecidedto___suggestionsfromsomeexpertsfirst.A.giveB.inviteC.wantD.askafter③AreyougoingtoattendhisweddingpartyonSaturday?No,evenif___.A.invitingB.toinviteC.havinginvitedD.invited④Don’tbedisappointedfornot___tothepartyforitwasnot___atall.A.inviting;invitingB.invited;invitedC.havingbeeninvited;invitingD.beinginvited;beinginviting⑤Thenumberofscientists___totheconferencewas150,butmanymorecamewithout___.A.invited;invitingB.wereinvited;invitingC.wereinvited;invitationD.invited;beinginvitedBDDCattend

attend出席、參加、看護(hù)、照料、服侍。短語：attendto予以關(guān)注、護(hù)理、處理；attendtoone’swork做(好)自己的工作；attendupon/on侍候、陪（特指醫(yī)生、護(hù)士護(hù)理病人，不用on與upon）；attendat(church)出席、參加；attend/gotoameeting參加會(huì)議；callameeting召集會(huì)議；hold/haveameeting舉行會(huì)議；presideover/chairameeting主持會(huì)議；用法：（1）、attend表示去某一個(gè)應(yīng)該去的地方，意為“出席”。如：Ishallbeattendingthemeetingnextweek.還可說：attendschool/church/alecture，不說：attendthecinema/aconcert；（2）、attend后跟名詞，意為“注意到、處理”。如：AttendtowhatIamsaying(=payattentionto).(3)、attend作及物動(dòng)詞，常用于被動(dòng)句子中。如：Ourplanwasattendedwithgreatdifficulty.