大學英語精讀1unit1

HomeworkbackUnit1SomeStrategiesforLearningEnglish

Teachingprocedure(6periods)

ⅠBeforeReading

1.Warming-upquestions2.ThestatusofEnglishⅡGlobalReading

1.Questions2.ThetextorganizationⅢDetailedReadingⅣAfterReading

Summaryofthetext

ⅠBeforeReadingWhatisthegreatestdifficultyforyoutolearnEnglish?WhatkindofresourcesareavailableforustolearnEnglish?Warming-upquestionsEnglishmovies/songs;Englishradio;Englishcorner;Englishresourcesinthelibrary/ontheinternet;Englishlectures;Contactwithforeigners

Vocabulary:toohardtoexpand;Speaking:can’tspeakidiomaticEnglish;Listening:can’tgraspthemeaningofmaterials…ThestatusofEnglish1/5peoplespeaksEnglish;1/5peopleareleaningEnglish;70%scientistsreadEnglish;85%mailiswritteninEnglish;90%informationintheworld’selectronicretrievalsystemisstoredinEnglish.Blank-filling

EnglishAsanInternationalLanguage

Internationallanguagesincludeboth()languagesthathavebecomeinternationalmeansofcommunicationandlanguages()toservethispurpose.Themostfamousand()artificialinternationallanguageisEsperanto世界語[,esp?‘r?nt?u]

;however,themostwidespreadinternationallanguageisnotartificial.Today,Englishisusedinmorecountriesas

an（）languageorasthemainmeansofinternationalcommunicationthananyotherlanguage.（）over1.4billionpeopleliveincountrieswhereEnglishhasofficial().Oneoutoffiveoftheworld’spopulationspeakssomeEnglish.existingartificiallyconstructedwidespreadofficialWorldwidestatusAndat()oneinfiveislearningEnglish.About()oftheworld’s()iswritteninEnglish.And90%ofallinformationintheworld’selectronic()systemsisstoredinEnglish.

present85%mailretrieval檢索Newwords1.strategy:n.planthatisintendedtoachieveaparticularpurpose策略發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略developmentstrategy服務戰(zhàn)略；服務策略servicestrategy營銷戰(zhàn)略；營銷策略

marketingstrategy2.diligence:n.steadyeffort;carefulandhardeffort勤勉，用功Thepolicearepursuingtheirinquirieswithgreatdiligence.警察正以不懈的努力進行著調查。diligenceinsth./indoingsth.Mikeisadiligentandprolificworker.邁克是個勤奮而且出活多的工人。diligentadj.勤勉的，勤奮的Sheshowsgreatdiligenceinherschoolwork.她做作業(yè)非常用功。3.commitvt.①give…tosb.orsth.totakecareofTheoldmancommittedhiswilltothecareofthelawyer.老人把他的遺囑委托律師保管。②犯罪，做錯事把...交托給；

Ihavenevercommittedanycrime.我從沒有犯過任何罪。③使…承擔義務,做出許諾Don'tcommityourpromisestopaperifyouarenotcertainyoukeepthem.如果你沒有把握兌現你的許諾，你就不要做出書面保證。CommitoneselfCommitacrimeCommitmurderCommitsuicide承諾，答應負責

犯罪；犯下罪行

謀殺自殺4.acquaintancen.①knowledgeofsb.orsth.;ShehassomeacquaintancewithFrench.她懂點法語。（對某人某事的）了解②(arelationshipwith)sb.youknowalittleHeisnotafriend,onlyanacquaintance.他不是朋友，只是相熟。noddingacquaintance

不完整或膚淺的知識;泛泛之交;點頭之交;continueacquaintance

繼續(xù)交往;5.concentrate:v.giveallyourattentiontowhatyouaredoingYoumustconcentrateallyourenergiesonthestudyofEnglish.

你必須集中全力學習英語。concentrateon全神貫注做某事6.communicate①傳達;傳遞Peoplemustcommunicatetheirfeelings.人們需要表達自己的情感。②.溝通，交流（情感，想法等）Hehadnowaytocommunicatewithhisbrother.③溝通;聯系;交流

Theycommunicatedinsignlanguage.他們用手語交流。Mynaturalmotherhasnevercommunicatedwithme.我的親生母親從未和我聯系過。7.rely:vi.trustordependon(sb.orsth.)Pattern:relyon/upon(sb./sth.)for/todo(sth.)你可以信賴我會幫助你的。

Youmayrelyonmetohelpyou.Youcan'trelyontheweather.這天氣可靠不住。依賴；信賴8.accumulate:graduallygetmoreandmoreofsth.overaperiodoftimetoaccumulategreatwealthbyhardwork積聚財富靠勤勞積攢大量財富toaccumulatewealthaccumulateevidence收集證據accumulateexperience獲取經驗

①Skimthewholetextandgetthemainidea.LearningEnglishisnoteasy.Itisaprocessofaccumulation.Buttherearesomestrategieswecanuse.GlobalReadingHowmanylearningstrategiesforlearningEnglisharementionedinthetext?Whatarethey?②Readthetextasquicklyasyoucanandanswerthefollowingquestions.LearningEnglishDifferentwaystodifferentwordsIdiomaticwaystospeakingSeizeopportunitiestospeakReadwidelyWriteregularlyListentoeveryday↗←↖↙↘→:TextOrganizationTextorganizationPart1(1-2)Part2(3-8)Part3(9)Dividethetextinto3partsandgetthemainideaofeachone.Partone:

MainideasParttwo:UsefultipsonlearningEnglishPartthreeLanguagelearningisaprocessofaccumulation.Learningenglishisnoteasy,butithassomestrategies.DetailedReading1.LearningEnglishisbynomeanseasy.Ittakesgreatdiligenceandprolongedeffort.bynomeans:notatallThisisbynomeansoutoftheordinary.這件事情絕不尋常。

Collocation:

bymeansof以…，借著…byallmeans無論如何,務必byfairmeansorfoul不擇手段地bynomeans/notbyanymeans/bynomannerofmeans決不，一點也不What’stheimpliedmeaningofthesetwosentences?Ontheonehand,theauthorstatesthefactthatEnglishlearningisaverydifficulttask;ontheotherhand,theauthorforeshadowsthatsomestrategiesareneededtohelpusfulfillthetoughtask.2.Nevertheless,whileyoucannotexpecttogainagoodcommandofEnglishwithoutsustainedhardwork,therearevarioushelpfullearningstrategiesyoucanemploytomakethetaskeasier.sustain

vt.makesb./sth.continueTheconferencediscussionfocusesonthesustaineddevelopmentofeducation.Paraphrasethesentence.agoodcommandof…:knowledgeofortheabilitytousesth.eg:DashanhasagoodcommandofChinese.sustained:adj.continuingforalongtimeeg:Astrongbeliefsustainedme.AlthoughyouhavetoworkhardcontinuallyinordertobegoodatEnglish,youcanalsomakeuseofsomelearningstrategiestohelpyouattainyourgoal.

Nevertheless,while

①(youcannotexpecttogainagoodcommandofEnglishwithoutsustainedhardwork),②(therearevarioushelpfullearningstrategiesyouemploytomakethetaskeasier).Herearesomeofthem.

Withoutkeepingworkinghardallthetime,youcannotdowellinEnglishYoucanusemanykindsofmethodstohelpyoutolearnEnglisheasily`雖然不經過持續(xù)的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英語,然而還是有各種有用的學習策略可以用來使這一任務變得容易一些.employhireengage表示支付薪水，較長期、固定地雇用某人表示支付一定錢額，雇用某人短期從事某項工作。表示任命、安排某人從事某項工作。賓館雇用的女性要比男性多。我雇了個泥瓦匠在陽臺上砌了一堵墻。那個老板又雇了個秘書。Hotelsemploymorewomenthanmen.Ihiredabricklayertobuildawallonthebalcony.Thebosshasengagedanewsecretary.3.Haveyouevercomplainedaboutyourmemorybecauseyoufinditsimplyimpossibletomemorizeallthenewwordsyouarelearning?

complain

n.saysth.thatyouareunhappyabout抱怨句型：complaintosb.about/ofsth.

向某人抱怨某事eg:Hecomplainedtomeofthelastingrainyseason.我確實沒什么好抱怨的。I’vereallyhavenothingtocomplainof.句型：findit(im)possibletodosth.

發(fā)現做某事可能（不可能）memorize

vt.learn(sth.)sothatyourememberitperfectlymemoryn.eg:Theboycanmemorizethesedataeasily.演員需要善于快速記住臺詞。Anactormustbeabletomemorizethelinesquickly.強調句型：Itis...that…PremierWenalwayscametothedisaster-affectedplacesattheveryfirsttime.ItisPremierWenthatalwayscametothedisaster-affectedplacesattheveryfirsttime.4.Itisnotyourmemorythatisatfault.atfault:bewrong/responsibleeg:Failingtofinishthistaskintime,heisabsolutelyatfault.當婚姻破裂，很難說是誰的責任。Whenamarriagebrokeup,itishardtosaywhoisatfault.

5.Ifyoucramyourheadwithtoomanynewwordsatatime,someofthemareboundtobecrowdedout.

cramv.putsth.somewheresothatthatplaceiscompletelyfilled

詞組：cram…with…eg:TheChristmasFathercramshisbagwithallkindsofpresents.

beboundto:becertaintoeg:Youareboundtosucceedifyoupersistentlyworkhard.6.Whatyouneedtodoistodealwithnewwordsindifferentwaysaccordingtohowfrequentlytheyoccurineverydayuse.

occur

vihappen;appeareg:我想到了一個很棒的主意。Agreatideaoccurredtome.Thisphenomenonoccurredofteninthiscountry。.

whatyouneedtodo是一個名詞短語作主語，todealwith是動詞不定式作表語。what可引導類似的名詞短語，例如:Yourhealthiswhatwereallycareabout。TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.你需要做的是根據生詞日常使用的頻率以不同的方式對待它們。

7.Whileactivewordsdemandconstantpracticeandusefulwordsmustbecommittedtomemory,wordsthatdonotoftenoccurineverydaysituationsrequirejustanoddingacquaintance.

commit(sth.)tomemory:記住eg.Wefinditdifficulttocommitallthenewwordstomemory.我們發(fā)現早晨記單詞容易些。Wefinditeasiertocommitwordstomemoryinthemorning.anoddingacquaintance:alittleknowingofsth.eg:Ionlyhaveanoddingacquaintancewithhisnovels.

露西對足球的了解很膚淺。Lucyonlyhasanoddingacquaintancewithfootball.

While

①(activewordsdemandconstantpracticeandusefulwordsmustbe

committedtomemory),②(wordsthatdonotoftenoccurineverydaysituationsrequirejustanoddingacquaintance).

Wordsthatoftenusedshouldbeexercisedfrequentlyandusefulmustbelearnedbyheart.Weshouldonlyhavealittleknowingofthewordsthatdonotoftenused積極詞匯需要經常練習,有用的詞匯必須牢記,而在日常情況下不常出現的詞只需要見到時認識即可.

8.Youwillfindconcentratingonactiveandusefulwordsthemosteffectiveroutetoenlargingyourvocabulary.

eg:TheroutetolearningEnglishwellisdiscussedinthistext.eg:IwillconcentrateonthelearningofEnglish.

concentrateon

sth.全神貫注于某事the

routetodoingsth.做某事的方法9.Watchoutforidiomaticwaysofsayingthings.Watchoutfor:lookoutfor;beon(one’s)guardagainstWhatproblemsshouldIwatchoutforwhenbuyinganoldhouse?10.InlearningEnglish,youmustpayattentionnotonlytothemeaningofaword,butalsotothewaynativespeakersuseitintheirdailylives.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese在學習英語時，你不僅必須注意詞義，還必須注意以英語為母語的人在日常生活中如何使用它。本句用notonly…butalso連接了兩個并列的名詞性結構作動詞短語的賓語，第二個結構中存在一個定語從句thewayinwhichnativespeakersuseitintheirdailylives，原文中省略了inwhich。2.Analyzethestructureofthesentence11.ListeningtoEnglishonaregularbasiswillnotonlyimproveyourear,butwillalsohelpyoubuildyourspeakingskills.onaregularbasis:oftenandaccordingtoasetfrequencyIwritetohimonaregularbasis.送奶員定期給我們送奶。Themilkmansendsusmilkonaregularbasis.Paraphrasethephrase“improveone’sear”.“Ear”heremeanssenseofhearing.Thisphrasemaybeparaphrasedas“developone’slisteningcompetence”.12.ItistruethattherearefewsituationsatschoolwhereyouhavetocommunicateinEnglish,butyoucanseekoutopportunitiestopracticespeakingthelanguage.seekout:lookfor;trytofindsomeoneorsomething,especiallywhenthisisdifficult科學家們需要尋找實驗中的因果關系。Scientistsneedtoseekoutcause-and-effectrelationshipsintheexperiment.1.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.的確，在學校里必須用英語進行交流的場合并不多，但你還是可以找到練習講英語的機會。2.Analyzethestructureofthesentence.Itistrue…but…建立的是讓步狀語從句結構，語氣上比單純由although/though或but所引導的讓步狀語從句強烈一些。13.Afteryouhavemadeapurchaseinashoporfinishedamealinarestaurantandpaidthecheck,pretendthatallthishappenedinanEnglish-speakingcountryandtrytoactitoutinEnglish.

purchase:n.theactofbuyingMostadultInternetshoppersmakepurchasesfromhome.vt.buysomethingYoucanpurchaseinsuranceon-line.14.Readwidely.Itisimportanttoreadwidelybecauseinourlearningenvironment,readingisthemainandmostreliablesourceoflanguageinput.environment:n.

conditionsinwhichpeoplecarryonaparticularactivity;naturalworldinwhichanimals,peopleandplantsliveYoungchildrenoftenfeelhappierinthehomeenvironment.environment,circumstance&surroundings這三個詞都有“環(huán)境”之意。environment表示由周圍的人、物等一切物質和精神因素所構成的環(huán)境。例如：Apleasantworkingenvironmentisofvitalimportance.有一個令人愉快的工作環(huán)境是極其重要的。circumstance通常用復數，表示對局勢產生影響的各種條件的總和。Eg.Prisonerscanonlyleavetheircellsundercertaincircumstances.犯人們只有在某些情況下才能離開他們的牢房。surroundings指環(huán)境時只可用復數形式，表示各種物體所構成的物質上的自然環(huán)境。Heswitchedonthelightandexaminedhissurroundings.他打開燈，仔細檢查四周。15.Itpaystoabsorbasmuchasyoucanfromreadingandlisteningandthentrytoputwhatyouhavelearnedintopracticethroughspeakingandwriting.

pay:v.givemoneyinexchangeforgoodsorservices;bearacostorpenaltyEg.Hepaidthebill.Mumpaidformydrivinglessons.有一天你一定會為你的自私付出代價。You'llhavetopayforyourselfishnesssomeday.

Collocation:

itpaystodo(sth.)payattentiontopaytributetopayacall/visittopayoffpayout做某事是大有益處的注意贊頌拜訪付清付出put…intopractice:carryoutorperformOnemusthavethoroughlymasteredatheorybeforeonecanputitintopracticeproperly.對任何理論，先要融會貫通，才談得上運用自如。AprojecttomodernizetheteachingprocesshasrecentlybeenputintopracticeincollegesinChina.

AnalyzethestructureofthesentenceItpaystodosth.Itisbeneficialtodosth.Itpaystoreadasmanyclassicworksaspossible..TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.從讀和聽中盡量多吸收，然后再試著把學到的東西通過說和寫加以運用，定會大有收益。SummaryRemarks

Aspointedoutinthetext,learningEnglihisaprocessofaccumulation.LearningEnglishrequiressomehelpfulstrategiesaswellasdiligenceandeffort.ItisurgenttorememberthosestrategiesandtryconsciouslytodevelopthemforourEnglishstudy.Youalsoshouldbalanceyourinputandoutput.Homework1.Reviewwhatwe’velearnedtoday2.PreviewtherestofthetextUsefulexpressions:Bynomeans

決不,毫不Atfault

有過錯，有責任Atatime

每次，一次Beboundto

肯定會Committomemory

記住Watchoutfor

密切注意Learnof/about得知，聽說Onaregularbasis經常Inadditionto除…之外Overandoveragain反復，Seekout

尋找，找出

Forinstance例如Indetail詳細地Actout將…表演出來Apartfrom除…之外Put…intopractice把…付諸實踐Penpal筆友Boundbook精裝書綿綿不斷的雨constantrainCommittoflames付之一炬犯罪commitacrimeHavesomeacquaitancewith略懂，略知航線air/searouteEnlargedmeeting擴大會議習慣用法idiomaticusageAdditionaltax附加稅校園里oncampusDancingpartner舞伴可靠的信息來源areliablesoureofinformationAssignaday指定一個日期文字處理wordprocessingCulturaldifference文化差異總而言之insummary/sumupCapitalaccumulation資本積累專注，專心于beabsorbedin戰(zhàn)略計劃strategiesplanMeansofcommunication通訊工具長期努力prolongedeffortAgoodcommandofenglish精通英語可持續(xù)發(fā)展sustainabledevelopmentAletterofcomplaint投訴信倉促用功備考CramforatestHomeworkDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicDoesHappinessLieinContentment?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.古語有云：知足常樂2.但很多人并不認同，他們認為只有不滿足現狀才能進步3.你對此有什么看法VocabularyActivities

1.1)e2)g3)j4)a5)b6)I7)c8)d9)h10)f2.1)handing2)summarized3）process4）absorb5）areboundto6)feelfree7)forinstance8)strategies9)complained10)hascommitted…tomemory11)Nevertheless12)rely…on13)Apartfrom14)command3.1)overandoveragain2)atatime3)putitintopractice4)watchingoutfor5)bynomeans6)concentrateon7)Inadditionto8)indetailEnrichingYourWordPower

①a)additionalb)addc)additiond)addition②a)effectivelyb)effectc)effectived)effect③a)helpfulb)helpc)helplessd)helpe)helplesslyf)helpfullyg)helpful④a)reliantb)reliablec)reliance,reliabled)reliese)reliably⑤a)repetitionb)repeatingc)repeatedlyd)repeatede)repetitionUsage1)Inmyopinion2)AccordingtoMary3)Inouropinion4)Accordingtotoday’spapers5)Inmostdoctors’opinion/Accordingtomostdoctorsstructure1)①Shakespearewasnotonlyadramatistbutalsoanactor.

structure②MissCrainnotonlytookmehomeinhercar,butalsocamethenextdaytoseeifIhadrecovered.③HainanIslandattractstouristsnotonlyinwinterbutalsoinsummer.④Thereisalwaysablackmarketnot