上海中級口譯考試講義9經(jīng)濟(jì)金融

中級口譯教程—經(jīng)濟(jì)、金融王晨FluctuationTransformationGlobalizationDepreciation/AppreciationInflation/deflationProductivityExchangeratesMacroeconomic/microeconomicUnemploymentrateEmergingmarket/countriesFinancialsectorHousinginvestmentStimulativefiscalpolicyAccommodativemonetarypolicyDowJonesindexNASDAQ經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化economicglobalization經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮economicboom經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)economiccrisis經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條economicdepression經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退economicrecession經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇economicrecovery泡沫經(jīng)濟(jì)bubbleeconomy計劃經(jīng)濟(jì)plannedeconomy經(jīng)濟(jì)過熱economicoverheating世界銀行WorldBank世界貿(mào)易組織WorldTradeOrganization國際貨幣基金組織InternationalMonetaryFund貧富差距gapbetweentherichandthepoor貨幣政策monetarypolicy融資financing貿(mào)易順差/逆差tradesurplus/deficit最惠國待遇mostfavorednation（MFN）treatment創(chuàng)業(yè)精神enterprising/pioneeringspirit購買力purchasingpower股票交易所stockexchange證券市場securitiesmarket外國直接投資ForeignDirectInvestment（FDI）外匯交易ForeignExchange外匯儲備foreignexchange（currency）reserve合并與收購merger

andacquisition優(yōu)化資源配置optimizeallocationofresources抑制國內(nèi)通貨膨脹tocurbdomesticinflation滿足國內(nèi)需求meetdomesticdemands雙邊渠道bilateralchannels引起廣泛關(guān)注stimulate/provoke/arousewideconcern共同繁榮common/desiredprosperity總經(jīng)營額totalbusinessrevenue/turnover世界500強(qiáng)Fortune500推動力drivingforce從大局出發(fā)takeaviewfromthewholesituation貿(mào)易投資自由化tradeinvestmentliberalization日新月異makegreatstrideswitheachpassingday市場波動marketfluctuation經(jīng)貿(mào)合作社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制socialistmarketeconomy全方位對外開放opentotheoutsideworldinalldirections/inanall-roundway走出去，引進(jìn)來goingglobal，bringingin恪守承諾tohonorcommitments互利共贏mutualbenefitandall-winsituation在平等互利的基礎(chǔ)上onthebasisof/basedonequalityandmutualbenefit雙邊/多邊合作bilateral/multilateralcooperation經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化economicglobalization貿(mào)易自由化tradeliberalization世界多極化multi-polarworld/worldmulti-polarizaiton中國投資優(yōu)劣勢廉價勞動力cheaplabor稅收低lowtaxation資源豐富abundantresources幅員遼闊massiveland市場潛力大potentialconsumermarket優(yōu)惠的投資政策favorableinvestmentpolicies雄厚的資金sufficientfunds先進(jìn)的技術(shù)和管理知識advancedtechnologyandmanagement中美之間關(guān)系是基于經(jīng)貿(mào)往來的，請大家熟記乃至背出:中美貿(mào)易摩擦將隨著經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的深化而凸顯。但是，中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的總體發(fā)展是不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的。其一，中美貿(mào)易具有很大的互補(bǔ)性。其二，中國產(chǎn)品具有明顯的勞動力成本優(yōu)勢。tradedisputesbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStateswillbecomemoreacutealongwiththefurtherdevelopmentinbilateraltradeandeconomiccooperation．Theoveralldevelopmentin

bilateraltrade

and

economic

cooperation

is，however，irreversible．//Therearetwofactorswhichcontributetothistrend．Firstly，the

Sino-US

economic

andtrade

relations

enjoycomplementaritiesinvastfields．Secondly，ChinahasanoutstandinglaborcostadvantageThesharpriseinoilpricehavecausedahostofproblems.石油價格飆升導(dǎo)致了一系列的問題。World’smajorstockmarketsarebooming,andDowJonesindexhitanotherhighlastweek.全球主要股市一片繁榮，道瓊斯指數(shù)上周創(chuàng)下新高。Inthelastquarterof2006,personalconsumptionjumpedsharply,growingatanannualized3.2%.2006年第四季度，個人消費(fèi)大幅躍升，年增長率達(dá)到了3.2%。隨著工資水平的提高以及就業(yè)形勢的好轉(zhuǎn)美國國內(nèi)需求保持強(qiáng)勁。DomesticdemandsinAmericaremainstrongduetorisingwagesandimprovingemploymentmarkets.理論和實(shí)踐都表明，隨著一個國家財富的增加和生產(chǎn)力的提高，匯率也會隨之提高。Boththeoryandpracticeshowthatascountriesgetricherandtheirproductivityrises,theirexchangeratesappreciate.Weneedaframeworkofbothmacroeconomicandmicroeconomicpoliciesinordertokeepinflationincheck,andlowerthegovernmentbudgetdeficits.我們既需要宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的政策，也需要微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策，以控制通貨膨脹，降低政府預(yù)算赤字。SharepricesontheLondonstockmarkethavefallensharplytoday,followingsharplossesonWallStreet.Sharesofleadingcomputercompanieshavebeentheworsthit.緊隨著華爾街股票重挫之后，今天倫敦股票市場的股價急劇下降。計算機(jī)行業(yè)中的住到企業(yè)的股票受挫最為嚴(yán)重。Canadahasundergonefinancialdifficultiesfromthecombinedimpactofarapidslowdowninproductivitygrowthandtheoilcrisis.受到生產(chǎn)力增長速度急劇下降和石油危機(jī)的共同影響，加拿大經(jīng)歷了一段金融困難期。OneofthemostimportanttasksoftheInternationalMonetaryFundistohelpcountriesachievethemacroeconomicstabilitythathelpskeepinflationincheckandsomaintainsthedomesticpurchasingpowerofcurrencies.國際貨幣基金組織的一個重要任務(wù)就是幫助各國維持宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的穩(wěn)定，這有助于控制通貨膨脹并保持國內(nèi)貨幣的購買力。AccordingtothelatestWTOfigures,globaltradeflowsareprojectedtoexpandbylessthan3%in2003.Tradegrowthremainspositivebutweakinthefirstquarterof2003.世貿(mào)組織最新數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2003年，全球貿(mào)易額增長速度將低于3%。雖然本年度第一季度貿(mào)易額仍在增長，但增長乏力。3-2Vocabulary

1、share

my

thoughts

with

you

想告訴您我的想法

2、翻了兩番（此處是指四倍）

quadrupled

3、對外全面開放

open

the

whole

country

up

to

the

outside

world

4、沿海城市

the

coastal

cities

5、內(nèi)地

the

interior

areas

6、I

am

all

ears

to…

我愿聞其詳

7、最大程度

maximize

最小程度

minimize

8、發(fā)揮有關(guān)雙方的優(yōu)勢

to

exert

both

parties’

advantages

concerned

9、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施

infrastructure

10、管理知識

managerial

expertise

11、

合資企業(yè)

joint

venture獨(dú)資企業(yè)

solely

foreign-owned/funded

enterprise12、enlightening(啟發(fā)，授予---知識，開導(dǎo))

茅塞頓開

3-3Vocabulary

投資意向

investment

proposal/intention

有說服力的

persuasive

express

train

快車

in

the

vicinity

of

在。。。附近，鄰近

投資比重

share

of

investment

權(quán)益關(guān)系

rights

and

interests

外匯儲備

foreign

exchange

reserve

天晴還需防雨天

do

sth

for

the

rainy

days/

make

good

preparations

convertible

currency

可兌換貨幣

正合吾意

coincide

with

one’s

usual

practice

a

rewarding

day

收獲很大的一天

也可說成是a

fruitful/productive

day

14-1Vocabulary

公正地配置資源

to

allocate

resources

fairly

貿(mào)易磨擦/糾紛

trade

frictions/disputes

互利共贏

mutually

beneficial

and

win-win

實(shí)實(shí)在在的利益

tangible

benefits

tangible:

切實(shí)的

real

or

concrete

不可逆轉(zhuǎn)

irreversible

美中貿(mào)易逆差

U.S

trade

deficit

with

China

知識產(chǎn)權(quán)

intellectual

property

right

奠定堅實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)

lay

a

solid

foundation

for

切實(shí)有力的措施

forcible

measures

14-2Vocabulary

博鰲亞洲論壇

Boao

Forum

for

Asia

文化博大精深

profound

culture

東盟

ASEAN

Association

of

Southeast

Asian

Nations

European

Union

歐盟

亞洲開發(fā)銀行

Asian

Development

Bank

(ADB)

亞太經(jīng)合組織

Asia-Pacific

Economic

Cooperation

(APEC)

關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定

General

Agreement

on

Tariff

and

Trade(GATT)

CIA

Central

Intelligence

Agency

中情局

FBI

Federal

Bureau

of

Investigation

聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局

提供重要渠道和機(jī)制

provide

important

channels

and

mechanism

獨(dú)到見解

insightful

views

自我封閉

self-reclusive

reclusive:

隱居的

排他性集團(tuán)

exclusive

groups

新跨越

new

leap

forward

恪守入世承諾

honor

WTO

commitments

恪守

scrupulously(小心翼翼地)

abide

by

有步驟地擴(kuò)大開放領(lǐng)域

open

more

areas

in

a

step-by-step

manner

取消非關(guān)稅壁壘

remove

non-tariff

barrier

透明和可預(yù)見的市場環(huán)境

transparent

and

predictable/forseeable

market

environment

大力實(shí)施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略

energetically

carry

out

“going

global”

strategy

自強(qiáng)不息

persistent/constantly

strive

to

become

stronger

14-4Vocabulary

世界多極化

multipolar

world

經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化

economic

globalization

科學(xué)技術(shù)突飛猛進(jìn)

rapid

progress

in

science

and

technology

前所未有

unprecedented

廣闊前景

broad

prospect

日新月異的科技進(jìn)步

the

scientific

and

technological

progress

with

each

passing

day

處于“弱者”地位

disadvantaged(處于不利地位)

公正配置世界資源

allocate

world

resources

fairly

加深“數(shù)字鴻溝”

worsen

digital

divide

全面建設(shè)小康社會

build

a

well-to-do

society

throughout

the

country

與時俱進(jìn)

advance

with

the

times

以更加積極的姿態(tài)

take

a

more

active

part

in

透明的貿(mào)易和投資政策

transparent

policies

of

trade

and

investment

全方位、多層次、寬領(lǐng)域的對外開放

a

multi-directional

and

multi-level

opening

up

in

a

wide

range

of

areas

近年來，隨著上海市民人均收入的逐年增加，消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生了根本性的變化。//Inrecentyears,asthepercapitaincomeofShanghairesidentshaveincreasedyearafteryear,theconsumptionstructurehasundergonefundamentalchanges.許多傳統(tǒng)的消費(fèi)熱點(diǎn)正在悄悄降溫，新的消費(fèi)亮點(diǎn)已展露頭角，過去單一的節(jié)假日購物消費(fèi)已向多元化消費(fèi)轉(zhuǎn)變。//Manytraditionalconsumptionfadsarequietlylosingtheircharms,whilenew/freshconsumptionforms/waysarecatchingon.Shoppingusedtobetheonlyformofholidayconsumption,buttheconsumptionfashionhasbeendiversified/takenonvariousformsnow.從節(jié)假日購物消費(fèi)來看，同樣也在悄然發(fā)生著變化。人們的節(jié)日休閑娛樂消費(fèi)已突破了以往上舞廳，打保齡球等傳統(tǒng)形式。//Changeshavealsooccurredstealthily/quietlyinrecreationalconsumptionduringholidayseasons.Inthisregard,peoplehavegonebeyondthetraditionalpracticeofgoingtothediscosorplayingbowling.取而代之的是市民選擇在圖書館靜靜地閱讀，或舉家到博物館瀏覽參觀。市民娛樂消費(fèi)的文化氣息正在不斷增強(qiáng)。Instead,people/localresidentschoosetoreadquietlyinthelibraries,orvisitthemuseumwiththefamily.Inshort,theculture-relatedrecreationalconsumptionisgraduallygainingcurrency.TheAsianDevelopmentBanksaiditwouldsetupa600-million$fundtodeliverpromptemergencyfundingtoAsiancountrieshitbytheIndianOceantsunamisinDecember,lastyear.//亞洲開發(fā)銀行宣布，它將設(shè)立總值6億美元的基金，以便為去年12月遭受印度洋海嘯之災(zāi)的亞洲國家提供緊急資金援助。TheAsianTsunamiFundwilldelivergrantsforemergencytechnicalassistanceandinvestmentprojectstosupportreconstructionandrehabilitationinIndia,Indonesia,Maldives,SriLankaandThailand.//亞洲海嘯基金將為緊急技術(shù)援助和投資項目撥款，以便支持印度，印度尼西亞，馬爾代夫，斯里蘭卡和泰國的重建和修復(fù)工作。

Fundingcouldbegrantedforpublicservicessuchaswatersupply,electricityandcommunications;infrastructuresuchasroads,railwaysandports;he