【課件】Unit 1 Using Language 課件高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊

UNIT1SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTSSectionCUsingLanguage1.Enablethestudentstogettoknowthegoodqualitiesgreatscientistsshare.2.Enablethestudents

tounderstandthepassagewell.3.Letthestudentslearnsomewritingskillsbyscanningandskimming.4.To

learn

from

the

great

scientists

and

develop

the

noble

spirits.TeachingaimsTheManWhoChangedOurUnderstandingoftheUniverse·AlbertEinstein·AlbertEinstein,whoisperhapsthegreatestscientistinmodernphysics,isoftenconsideredasoneofthesmartestmenwhoeverlived.Whoishe?LeadinAPioneerforAllPeople.YuanLongping·Knownasthe“fatherofhybridrice”,heisoneofChina'smostfamousscientists.Whoishe?LeadinWhatdotheyhaveincommon?·Theyarebothoutstandingscientists....madelargecontributions....madegreatachievements....succeededintheirscientificfield.DiscussionWhatmakesagreatscientist?commoncharacteristicsdevotedsmartkindpositivegiftedcreativedeterminedhard-workingpatrioticknowledgeableTask1Readthetextsanddecideifthestatementsaretrue（T）orfalse（F）.1Qianchangedhismajorbecauseofashiftinpersonalinterest.

2Qian’sstronginterestinarthasapositiveimpactonascientist’sdevelopment.

3WhenHawkingwasyoung，almosteveryonebelievedthattheuniversebeganwithabigbang.4BecauseHawkingwasdetermined，hewasabletosucceedeventhoughhewasill.WhileReading——fastreadingFTFTTask2Whatisthefunctionofeachparagraphinthepassages?

WhileReading——fastreadingTHEFATHEROFCHINA’SAEROSPACE

Para.1

Paras.2-5Para.6Para.7

IntroductionHispersonalhistoryandaccomplishmentsHispersonalityHisdeathandpeople’sappreciationofhimTask2Whatisthefunctionofeachparagraphinthepassages?

WhileReading——fastreadingAWORLDOFPURETHOUGHT

Para.1Para.2Para.3IntroductionHisclaimtofameCharacteristicsthatmadehimgreatTask3Answerthequestionsbelowusingtheinformationfromthetexts.1WhywasQiancalled“thefatherofChina’saerospace”?2HowwasHawking’sowntheoryprovencorrect?

WhileReading——fastreadingBecausemuchofthetechnologybehindtheShenzhourocketswasbasedonhisresearch.Astronomersusedtheirtelescopestoprovehisworkonthebigbangtheory.Task1Findwordsthatdescribethepersonalitiesofthescientists.Howdothestoriesaboutthescientistshelpillustratethesepersonalities?

WhileReading——carefulreadingQianXuesen·amanwith“greatscientificthoughtandscientificspirit”whowaspatrioticandservedhishomelandwitheffort，achievement，anddevotion（Para1）·apioneer（Para2）·didnotletthatdiscouragehim（Para4）·determined（Para4）·anoutstandingandcreativescientist（Para6）·deepappreciationforart（Para6）Task1Findwordsthatdescribethepersonalitiesofthescientists.Howdothestoriesaboutthescientistshelpillustratethesepersonalities?

WhileReading——carefulreadingStephenHawkingbrilliant；brave；sometimescarelessinwhathesaidordid；willingtosaywhatotherswereafraidtosay；dreamofwhatotherswereafraidtodreamabout；quitedetermined；willingtoadmithisfaultsTask1Findwordsthatdescribethepersonalitiesofthescientists.Howdothestoriesaboutthescientistshelpillustratethesepersonalities?

WhileReading——carefulreadingInthecaseofQianXuesen，weseehisdeterminationillustratedbyhisstrugglesandhowheovercamechallenges.Hisstoryalsoshowshewaspatrioticanddevotedtohiscareer.InthecaseofStephenHawking，wealsoseehisdeterminationinthefaceofdifficultythroughthestoriestoldabouthim.Wealsoseehisaudacity.Task2Findthelinkingwordsandphrasesinthepassages，anddescribetheirfunction.

WhileReading——carefulreadingSomeofthemostimportantlinkingwordsandphrasesare：However，aftertheSonghuBattlebrokeoutin1932，...

However轉折關系after時間關系Atthattime，Chinawaspooranditsrocketsciencewasundeveloped. 時間關系Nevertheless，Qiandidnotletthatdiscouragehim...

轉折關系BecausemuchofthetechnologybehindtheShenzhourockets...

因果關系Task2Findthelinkingwordsandphrasesinthepassages，anddescribetheirfunction.

WhileReading——carefulreadingSomeofthemostimportantlinkingwordsandphrasesare：However，whatmighthavemadehimsuchanoutstanding... Ingeneral，thereweretwomaintheories...Besidesbeingbrilliant，hewasbrave，...Furthermore，hewasquitedetermined.Aboveall，Hawkingwaswillingtoadmithisfaults.Theseservetolinkelementsinthepassagesandbringgreatercohesion（黏合）andlogicalflowtothem.轉折關系總結關系遞進關系遞進關系遞進關系銜接詞語(linkingwords)是語篇銜接的紐帶，表達的邏輯意義包括時間關系、空間關系、列舉和順序、例證、遞進、對比和轉折、等同和替換、過渡和總結、結果和推論等，其中多數是銜接性狀語。TipsTask1Ingroups，discusssomestoriesaboutgreatscientists.

DiscussionThestoryofNewtonandtheapple，WatsondreamingofthestructureoftheDNA，F(xiàn)leming’saccidentaldiscoveryofpenicillin，etc.Task2Usingthesestoriesasabasis，discussthefollowingquestions：·Apartfrombeingclever，whatarethemostimportantpersonalqualitiesascientistmusthavetobesuccessful?·Howdothesestoriesillustratethescientificspirit? DiscussionAscientistmustbelucky，toanextent，butapartofthatluckisnoticingwhatothersmightglossover.Forexample，F(xiàn)lemingnoticedthatsomethingwasoddaboutasampleinaPetridish，andhedidnotthrowitaway.Theintuitiveandcreativepowerofagreatscientistalsoneedstobetakenintoaccount，asillustratedbyWatson’sdreamwhichshowedhimthestructureoftheDNA.

Task3Nowworkbyyourselftowriteanessayaboutthescientificspirit.

GreatScientificMindsWhenweconsiderthegreatmindsofmanycenturiesandaskthequestionofwhatmakessomeoneagreatscientist，therearemanyaspectsweshouldevaluate.Butwhichonesaremostimportant?Isittheirinventions，cures，orsolutionstoproblems?Isitthepersonalchallengestheyhadtoface?Orisittheiroverallcharacter?LookingatthelivesofQianXuesenandStephenHawking，somecommoncharacteristicssurface：theyareknowledgeable，gifted，self-sacrificingforthegreatergoodofthecountryorhumanity，brave，anddetermined.Inshort，theyhavetotenaciouslychasedownsolutionstobigproblemsandnotletdiscouragementsetinduringtheirdiscoveryprocess.

Task2Nowworkbyyourselftowriteanessayaboutthescientificspirit.

WecanseethisinQianXuesen’slife，pioneeringtoanothercountrytoworkwithandinspirelike-mindedpeopleinhisfieldandtocollaborateontheirwork.WecanseeitinhisvigourtoreturntoChinaandleadtheiraerospaceprogrammethroughitsbirthingstages.WesawthedeterminationanddevotiontoaccuracyandtruthonthepartofStephenHawkingfromhisyoungestdaysthroughthedecadeshefoughtforhisbodywhilehismindprogressedintothearenaofgeniuses.Thedefinitionofscientificspiritisto，aboveallelse，bewillingandabletograspaproblemoraquestionandnotletgoofituntilknowledge，creativepower，andcollaborationhavebroughtaclearanswer.Thenthissamemindmustbelieveinitsfindingsenoughtobravelypresentthem，prove，andperfectthemforthebettermentofthequalityandsustainabilityoflifeallovertheworld.Itistolooksquarely，askquestions，andnevergiveuptrying.Ⅰ閱讀理解（根據課文內容選擇正確答案）1.HowoldwasQianXuesenwhenChinasuccessfullylauncheditsfirstman-madesatellite?49yearsold. B.59yearsold.C.69yearsold. D.79yearsold.2.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat___________.A.Chinawasingreatneedofscientistsinthe1950sB.QianXuesenwasnotwelcomeintheUnitedStatesC.ArtnevergaveQianXueseninspirationinhisresearchD.QianXuesenhadnothingtodowithShenzhourockets○○附：課文預習自測3.Hawkingfirstgothisfameby___________.usingthecomputersandwheelchairB.graduatingfromCambridgeUniversityC.pointingoutaprofessor’smathsmistakeD.doinghisownworkonthebigbangtheory4.FromthesecondtextweknowthenatureofHawking’sbeing___________.A.braveandcareful B.determinedandbrilliantC.carelessanddisabled D.learnedandhumorous○○Ⅱ語法填空（根據課文內容和語法規(guī)則完成短文）

WhenQianXuesenwasyoung，herealisedChinaneededairforce1___________（defend）thecountry，sohewenttoAmericatostudyaviation.Asagraduate2___________（assist）ataninstitute，hehelpedconductimportantresearchintorocketpropulsion.Finally，hebecameapioneerinjetandrockettechnology.3___________QianXuesenreturnedtoChinain1955，hewasput4___________chargeofdevelopingChina’srocketscience，spaceandmissileprogramme.Underhisleadership，Chinamade5___________（outstand）progressinrockets，missilesandman-madesatellites.Becauseofthis，heearnedthenameof“thefatherofChina’saerospace”.

StephenHawkingwasa6___________（gift）scientist.Sincehecame7___________withadiseasecausinghimunabletowalkorspeak，hisworldbecameoneofabstractthought.Therewasatheoryontheoriginoftheuniverseexplainingtheuniverse8___________（begin）atasinglepointintimeandspace.Hisownworkonthebigbangtheorywasprovenbyastronomerswith9___________（telescope）andanewstarwasborn.Hewasbrilliant，braveanddetermined.Andhewaswillingtoadmithisfaults.This10___________（combine）ofhischaracteristicsmadehimoneofthegreatestthinkersofmoderntimes.todefendassistantWheninoutstandinggifteddownbegantelescopescombination教材原句p.6 Youstandinfrontofawhitelight，anditcastsdifferentshadowsofyou...

你站在一盞白色的燈前面，它投下你不同的影子……

核心詞匯1castvt.&n.（1）vt.（cast，cast）投射（光、影子等）；向……投以（視線、笑容等）；投擲搭配

castashadowover/onsth.給……蒙上陰影 becastdown（bysth.）（因某事）沮喪，不愉快Hedidn’twanttocastashadowontheirhappiness.他不想給他們的幸福蒙上陰影。Hewascastdownbythefailureoftheplan.計劃的失敗使他沮喪。Shecasthimawelcomingsmile.她向他投以微笑以示歡迎。Thefishermancasthisnetintothewater.漁夫把網撒到水中。（2）n.投，擲，拋（釣線）；（一出戲劇或一部電影的）全體演員Hemadeacastwithafishingline.他拋下了魚線。Theplaysucceededthankstothewonderfulperformanceofallthecast.由于全體演員的精彩表演，這部戲獲得了成功。［詞匯復現(xiàn)］

單句語法填空(1)Themoon___________（cast）brightlightoverthegardenwhenIsawthroughthewindow.(2)Youmayrememberifyoucast___________forafewdays.(3)Anyonewould___________（cast）downbysuchnewsasthat.(4)Sylvia’sbeencast___________eversincehermotherbecamesoill.完成句子(5)Howmanytimesdidhe________________（撒網）everymorning?(6)He___________（回想）tohischildhoodfromtimetotime.(7)Thethief_____________（扔下）thewalletandranawayatthesightofthejudge.castbackbecastdowncasthisnetcastbackcastdown2shadow

n.陰影；影子；背光處Sodarkaretheshadowsthatamanstandingtherecouldnotbeseen.陰影很暗，人站在里面不會被看見。Thetreecastsashadowontheground.樹的影子映在地上。Hewalkedalongintheshadowshopingnoonewouldrecognizehim.他走在暗處，希望沒有人認出他來?！驹~語辨析】shadow與shade（1）shadow指某物在光線的照射下映在墻上、地上等處的陰影。（2）shade表示光線照不到的地方或陰涼處。Thisplantgrowsbestintheshade.這種植物在陰涼處長得最好。完成句子(1)Herfacewas__________________（被暗影所遮掩）.(2)Nothingwouldgrow____________________（在……的陰影里）thegreywall.辨析填空：shadow，shade(3)Infrontofourhousestandsatalltree，whichprovides___________forusinsummer.(4)Thechildrenwerehavingfun，chasingeachother’s___________.indeepshadowintheshadowofshadeshadows教材原句p.7 Anon-Newtonianfluidisstrangebecauseyoucanpouritlikealiquid...

非牛頓流體很奇怪，因為你可以把它像液體一樣倒出來……3pourvt.倒出；傾瀉；斟（飲料）vi.（雨）傾盆而下，下大雨搭配

pourin使流入，使灌入 pourinto不斷地（大量地）流進（涌進）；大量投入（金錢）于o...把某物倒進…… pourcoldwateron/over...對……潑冷水pourdown流下；（雨）傾盆而下

pourcatsanddogs下瓢潑大雨/傾盆大雨pourout涌出；倒出；傾訴Wouldyoulikemetopouryousomemorewine?我再給你斟點酒好嗎？Itneverrainsbutitpours.（諺）不鳴則已，一鳴驚人。Messagespouredinwithoffersofsupport.支援信紛至沓來。Thecrowdsuddenlypouredintothestore.人群突然涌進商店。Don’tpourcoldwateron/overmyplan.別對我的計劃潑冷水。Hewassoworriedthatsweatbegantopourdownhisface.他很擔心，汗水開始沿著他的面頰流淌下來。

單句語法填空(1)Ipouredthemilkfromthebottle___________thecups.(2)Aftertheconferencethepeoplepoured___________incrowds.(3)Weweresailingontheseawhenitsuddenlypoured___________.(4)Hepoured___________allhispowerbutcouldn’tmakeit.完成句子(5)Thegovernment________________________________（投入大筆資金）theproject.(6)Wetookshelterfromtherainthatwas________________（傾盆而下）inabusstop.(7)Thechimney____________________________（冒出滾滾黑煙）.intooutdowninpouredalargesumofmoneyintopouringdown

pouredoutblacksmoke教材原句p.7 ...aftertheSonghuBattlebrokeoutin1932，Qianmadethedecisiontoswitchhismajortoaviation...……1932年淞滬抗戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)后，錢學森……決定改學航空專業(yè)。4breakout（戰(zhàn)爭、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然開始；爆發(fā)Thecouplecouldn’tconvinceeachother.Thenaquarrelbrokeout.這對夫妻不能說服對方，于是發(fā)生了爭吵。［詞匯復現(xiàn)］ 【學法點撥】breakout，happen，occur，takeplace等動詞（短語）表示“發(fā)生”，是不及物動詞用法，沒有被動語態(tài)。【歸納拓展】breakdown出故障；垮掉；失敗breakinto強行闖入breakin（強行進入）打斷，攪擾breakthrough突破breakup（團體）解散；（關系）破裂breakaway突然掙脫；與……決裂Ourcarbrokedownandwehadtodrawittoagarage.我們的車壞了，不得不把它拖到修車廠去。Neverbreakinwhileothersaretalking.別人說話的時候你千萬不要插嘴。Itwasmoneytroublethatbrokeuptheirmarriage.他們因錢的問題婚姻才破裂的。單句語法填空(1)Thefirebroke___________duringtheday，andthereforealmostnoonewasinjured.(2)Hiscarbroke___________onthewaythisafternoonwhenheheadedtothehospital.(3)TheUnionwasmadeupofseveralcountriesatfirst，whichbroke___________fromitlaterbecauseofconflicts.(4)Wedon’tknowthereasonwhytheyhavebroken___________witheachother.完成句子(5)TheSecondWorldWar___________（爆發(fā)）inSeptember1939.(6)Wehadto___________（破門而入）thehouseaswehadlostthekey.(7)Don’t_________（打斷）whenheistellingthestory.(8)Peacetalks____________（失?。﹊ntheMiddleEast.outdownawayupbrokeoutbreakintobreakin

brokedown教材原句p.7 ...Chinaneededitsownpowerfulairforcetoprotectanddefendthecountry.

……中國需要擁有自己強大的空軍來保衛(wèi)國家。5defendvt.保衛(wèi)；防守；辯解搭配 defend...from/against（doing）...保護……免受…… defendoneselfagainststh.保護自己不受……；為自己辯護Wemustdefendourmotherlandfromtheenemy.我們必須保衛(wèi)祖國防御進犯之敵。Thedamwasbuilttodefendtheroadfrombeingwashedawaybythesea.建筑這座堤壩是為了保護公路不被海水沖垮。Theytriedtodefendthemselvesagainsttheenemywithalltheirmight.他們竭盡全力抵御敵人。Studentsshouldbereadytoexplainanddefendtheirviews.學生應該準備好為自己的觀點作解釋和辯護。

【詞語積累】defence/defensen.防御；辯護；保衛(wèi) defensiveadj.防御性的；自我保護的單句語法填空(1)Thefortcannotbedefended_____________anairattack.(2)Liketheirchildren，parentsareoften___________（defend）abouttheirprivatelives.(3)Thedrunkenmaninworn-outclothesmadeagesturein___________（defend）.完成句子(4)Allthepolicemenhavebeentrainedto______________________________（保護他們自己免受）thesuddenattacks.(5)Ourdutyisto______________________________________（保衛(wèi)國家不受）itsenemies.

against/fromdefensivedefencedefendthemselvesagainst/fromdefendourcountry/motherlandfrom/against教材原句p.8 He...wasputinchargeofnotonlydevelopingChina’srocketscience...

他……受命發(fā)展中國的火箭科學……6inchargeof主管；掌管I’llbeinchargeofthewholegallerynextweekwhenthedirectorisaway.下周主任不在時，我將負責整個畫廊?！緦W法點撥】人+inchargeof+事事+inthechargeof+人Mr.Greenisinchargeofthecolumnofthenewspaper.格林先生負責這家報紙的專欄。ThecolumnofthenewspaperisinthechargeofMr.Green.報紙的專欄由格林先生負責。

【歸納拓展】（1）takechargeof主管；負責 freeofcharge免費（=forfree）in/underthechargeof由……負責/掌管Thedepartmentwasbadlyorganizeduntilshetookchargeofit.這個部門在她負責以前組織工作做得很差。Goingtopublicconcertsisoftenfreeofcharge.欣賞公開的音樂會通常都是免費的。（2）chargesb.forsth.因某事/某物向某人收費 chargesb.withsth./doingsth.指控某人（做）某事Thethemeparkwhichappealstokidschargestoomuchforadmission.那個吸引孩子們的主題公園門票太貴了。Theychargedhimwithmurder.他們指控他謀殺。

【一言辨異】Themaninchargeof/takingchargeoftheactivitysaidthattheticketswerefreeofcharge.Inotherwords，theywouldn’tcharge

usforthetickets.負責這一活動的那名男子說這些票是免費的，也就是說，他們不會向我們要票錢。單句語法填空(1)CouldIspeaktowhoeveris___________chargeofInternationalSales，please?(2)Thekitchenisin___________chargeofthecook.(3)Youcantakeasmanyasyoulike，becausetheyarefree___________charge.(4)Thebosschargedusfivehundredyuan___________theelectricalappliance.(5)Hewascharged___________heofforwith完成句子(6)Mr.Wangwillbe______________（負責）theofficewhileIamaway.(7)Thankfully，thoseresidentsprovidedaccommodationsforthehomeless____________________（免費）.(8)Thenewambassadorwill_________________（負責）alltheaffairsconcerningthisincident.(9)Thepolicearegoingto_________________（控告他）murder.(10)Somehowtheydidn’t_________________（因……向我們收費）deliverythistime.(11)Theprogrammeis__________________（由……負責）Mr.Zhang.inchargeoffreeofchargetakechargeofchargehimwithchargeusforinthechargeof教材原句p.8 BecausemuchofthetechnologybehindtheShenzhourocketscanalsobetracedbacktoQian’sresearch...由于“神舟”系列飛船的大部分技術也可追根溯源到錢學森的研究……7tracevt.&n.（1）vt.

追溯；追蹤；查出搭配 tracebackto追溯到…… trace...to...追查……到……Hisfearofdogstracesbacktoachildhoodexperience.他對狗的恐懼可追溯到他童年時的一次經歷。Willthepolicebeabletotracethemtotheirhidingplace?警察能查出他們的藏身之處嗎？（2）n.

［C］痕跡；［U］遺跡；蹤跡Theburglarhadleftseveraltracesofhispresence.竊賊在現(xiàn)場留下了幾處痕跡。LittletraceisleftofhowStoneAgepeoplelived.石器時代人類的生活幾乎無跡可尋。Wehavelostalltraceofthepolitician.我們找不到那個政治家的蹤跡。單句語法填空(1)Atlastthenoisewastraced___________afaultinthepipes.(2)Hisfatherclaimstobeabletotracethefamilyback___________manycenturiesago.(3)Thesequotationscannotreadily___________（trace）totheirsources.(4)___________（trace）ofbloodwerefoundinthebathroom.完成句子(5)We____________________________（追溯這條河的源頭）.(6)Hisfamily_____________（追溯到）theNormanConquest.totobetracedTracestracedtherivertoitssourcetracesbackto教材原句p.8 StephenHawkingwasoneofthemostfamousandgiftedscientistsinphysics.

史蒂芬·霍金是物理學界最負盛名、最具天賦的科學家之一。8giftedadj.

有天賦的；有天才的；天資聰慧的搭配：begiftedwith有……天賦，生就……agifteddancer/musician天才舞蹈演員／音樂家meettheneedsofgiftedchildren滿足特長生的發(fā)展要求Heisgiftedwiththeabilitytounderstandadiverserangeofpeopleandtheircultures.他天生就有能力理解各種各樣的人和他們的文化。Thegiftedarchitectdesignedonesplendidbuildingafteranother.這位天才的建筑師設計了一座又一座輝煌的建筑物?！緦W法點撥】talented與gifted均可表示“有才華的，天才的”。名詞gift/talent對應的短語haveagift/talentfor表示“對……有天賦”。Mostofthebestlawyersandsalespeoplereallyhaveagiftforpersuasion.大多數出色的律師和推銷員都有勸說他人的天分。單句語法填空(1)Manistheonlycreaturethatisgifted___________speech.(2)Englishskillscanonlybeimprovedwhenonemakesuseofthelanguage，butmanypeoplearenot___________（gift）withthatopportunity.(3)Ibelievemyfatherisa___________（talent）man.完成句子(4)Yourcookingisamazingandyoureally_______________（在……方面有天賦）food.(5)Eachpersonisspecialand______________（天生有）uniquetalents.withgiftedtalentedhaveagiftforisgiftedwith教材原句p.8 Sincehecamedownwithadiseasewhichcausedhimtolosetheuseofmostofhis

muscles，hisworldbecameoneofabstractthought.他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎縮無力，他的世

界變成了一個抽象思維的世界。9comedownwith

患（?。蝗旧希ㄐ〔。〩ecamedownwithabadcoldlastweek.上星期，他得了重感冒。IthinkI’mcomingdownwithflu.我想我染上流感了?！練w納拓展】comedown落下，降落；（價格、水平）下降，降低；（狂喜之后）平靜下來comeacross偶遇；無意中發(fā)現(xiàn) comeabout發(fā)生（常與how連用）comeon快點兒；加油；得了吧 comeupwith想出，想到comeout出來；出版；被人所知 cometo共計；達到；蘇醒comeover來訪，拜訪Theplanecamedownsafelydespitethemist.盡管有薄霧，飛機還是安全著陸了。ThewholeweekendwassowonderfulIhaven’tcomedownyet.整個周末過得這么精彩，我到現(xiàn)在還沒有平靜下來。Icameacrossabird’snestbesidetheroad.我在路邊發(fā)現(xiàn)一個鳥窩。Whyisitthatyou’vecomeoutagainsttheproposalheputforward?為什么你要反對他提出的建議呢？Askthewaiterwhatourbillcomesto.問問侍者我們一共應付多少錢。單句語法填空(1)Iwatchedthearchaeologistscome___________intothevalley.(2)Isthisyournecklace，Mary?Icame___________itwhenIwascleaningthebathroomthismorning.(3)Ihopeyoucancomeup___________abetterplanthanthis.(4)Hecame___________fromFrancelastweek，justtoseeus.完成句子(5)Salesinourcompany___________（下降）duetotheoutbreakoftheterribledisease.(6)I____________________（偶然碰到了瑪麗）whileshoppingdowntownyesterday.(7)It’salready10o’clock.Iwonderhowit_______________（發(fā)生）thatsheistwohourslateonsuchashorttrip.(8)Whenthefather’sbusinessfailed，thefamily_____________（敗落）.(9)Inafewmomentsshesuddenly__________（蘇醒過來）.___________downacrosswithovercamedowncameacrossMarycomesaboutcamedowncameto10abstract

adj.&n.（1）adj.

抽象的；理性的Wemaytalkofbeautifulthings，butbeautyitselfisabstract.我們可能談論美的事物，但是美本身卻是抽象的。Theatomictheoryofmatterissoabstractthatitcanbefullyunderstoodonlybyasmallnumberofstudents.物質的原子理論是如此抽象，只有少數學生才能完全理解。（2）n.（文獻等的）摘要搭配 intheabstract抽象地；在理論上 makeanabstractof把……的要點摘錄下來Insteadofjustconsideringthisquestionintheabstract，let’sfocusononeparticularexample.不要只是抽象地考慮這個問題，讓我們集中到一個特殊的例子上去。Hereadthroughthepapersandmadeanabstractoftheircontents.他把那些論文都讀了一遍并做了內容摘要。Thewholetextoftheabstractshallcontainnotmorethan300Chinesecharacters.全文的摘要部分不得超過300個字。單句語法填空(1)Ilikedogs___________theabstract，butIcan’tbearthisone.(2)Youshouldmake___________abstractofwhattheprofessorsays.英漢互譯(3)“美”和“真理”是抽象的概念。__________________________________________________________(4)他的計劃太不具體，無法付諸實施。__________________________________________________________(5)I’mjusttalkingtheabstractnow.__________________________________________________________inan“Beauty”and“truth”areabstractideas.Hisplansweretooabstracttobeputintooperation.我現(xiàn)在只是在泛泛而談。教材原句p.8 Thefirstwasthesteadystatetheory，whichholdsthattheuniversehasnobeginningorend.第一個是穩(wěn)恒態(tài)理論，認為宇宙無始無終。11steadyadj.

穩(wěn)定的；平穩(wěn)的；穩(wěn)步的Theagreementensuredasteadysupplyofoil.該協(xié)定保證了石油的穩(wěn)定供給。Heisasteadyyoungman.他是一個穩(wěn)重的年輕人。Thereisasteadyincreaseinthenumberofexchangestudents.交換生的人數在穩(wěn)步增加。【詞語積累】steadilyadv.穩(wěn)定地；穩(wěn)固地；逐步地單句語法填空(1)Heprefers___________steadylife.(2)Relaxasmuchaspossibleandkeepbreathing___________（steady）.完成句子(3)Theexports_____________________（正穩(wěn)步增長）yearbyyear.(4)Shehas_______________（穩(wěn)定的收入）.asteadilyaresteadilyincreasingasteadyincome教材原句p.9 Besidesbeingbrilliant，hewasbrave，thoughsometimescarelessinwhathesaidordid.除了才華橫溢之外，他還是一個勇敢的人，盡管有時候言行舉止比較隨意。12besides

prep.&adv.（1）prep.

除……之外（還）Hehadotherpeopletotakecareofbesidesme.除了我以外，他還需要照料其他人。（2）adv.而且；此外Idon’tlikethissouvenir.Besides，itcoststoomuch.我不喜歡這個紀念品。而且，它太貴了?！緦W法點撥】表示“此外”的詞或短語還有furthermore，inaddition等。單句語法填空(1)Bicyclingisgoodexercise；___________，itdoesnotpollutetheair.(2)—HowaboutyourjourneytoMountEmei?—Everythingwaswonderfulexcept___________ourcarbrokedowntwiceontheway.(3)Hisperformancewasverygoodexcept___________asmallfault.(4)Apart___________somespellingmistakes，thecompositionisfairlygood.besidesthatforfrom辨析填空：besides，except，exceptfor，exceptthat，apartfrom，but(5)Therewerefourmorebottlesofbeer___________________thetwohegaveus.(6)___________，thesweaterismadeofpurewool，verysoft.(7)Weworkeveryday___________Sunday.(8)Theweatherwasgood___________anoccasionalshower.(9)Iknownothingabouthim___________helivesnextdoor.(10)I’vefinishedallmyhomework__________________thelastquestion.(11)Ihavenothingtodo___________wait.besides/apartfromBesidesexceptexceptforexceptthatapartfrom/exceptbut教材原句p.9 Aboveall，Hawkingwaswillingtoadmithisfaults.

最重要的是，霍金敢于承認錯誤。 13aboveall

最重要的是；尤其是Wegotoschoolabovealltolearnhowtolearn，sothatwhenwehaveleftschool，wecancontinuetolearn.我們上學最重要的是學會如何學習，這樣，當我們離開學校時，我們就能繼續(xù)學習。Neverwasteanything，andaboveallneverwastetime.任何東西都不要浪費，尤其是時間。

【歸納拓展】all相關的其他常見短語：afterall終究，還是；畢竟，別忘了

（not）atall一點也（不），完全（不）allinall總的來說，總而言之inall總共，合計 firstofall首先，第一Don’tgetdiscouragedbysetbacks.Wearenewtotheworkafterall.別因挫折而灰心，這工作對我們來說畢竟還是陌生的。Allinall，thedisplayhasbeenagreatsuccess.總的來說，表演非常成功。單句語法填空(1)Thegirlwasanxiousandbegantotremble.___________all，itwasthefirsttimethatshehadbeenonthestage.(2)All___________all，workingtogetherisbeneficialtobothsides.(3)Thathoteldoesn’tratefivestars___________all.(4)Tomakemembersofateamperformbetter，thetrainerfirst___________allhastoknowtheirstrengthsandweaknesses.完成句子(5)___________（總而言之），whatyouhaddonedidannoyhimgreatly.(6)Hevisited，________（總共），fifteengalleriesinChina.(7)___