中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 代詞、冠詞

第頁主講知識【板塊1】代詞可以分為以下七大類1人稱代詞主格I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they賓格me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them2物主代詞形容詞性my,your,his,her,its,our,their名詞性mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs3反身代詞myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves4指示代詞this,that,these,those,such,some5疑問代詞who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whichever,whatever6關(guān)系代詞that,which,who,whom,whose,as7不定代詞one/some/any,each/every,none/no,many/much,few/little/afew/a

little,other/another,all/both,neither/either人稱代詞和物主代詞：人稱代詞主格一般大寫放在句首，而人稱代詞賓格一般放在句中。（前后文提到的一般是人）中考主要區(qū)分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞（前后文提到的一般是物）：形容詞性物主代詞后面一定+名詞名詞性物主代詞后面是“be（is、are）”【課堂練習(xí)】1．Youcanask_______somequestionsbytelephone.A．he B．him C．his2．LucyandClairearesisters.oftenhelptheirmotherdothehousework.A．WeB．YouC．They3．—WhereareLilyandLucyfrom?—____arefromtheUSA.A．Ours B．Theirs C．They4．—Weareintimesofdifficultyatpresent.—Aslongaswepulltogether,successmustbelongto______.A．us B．we C．ours5．Thisisyourschoolbag.ButIcan'tfind_________.A．me B．my C．mine6．—Susan,isthatwatchonthedesk____________?—No,itisn't____________watch.ItmustbeBrian's.A．yours;my B．your;mine C．yours;mine7．—Isthisyoursweater,Frank?—No.YoucanaskTom,maybeit’s__________.A．him B．his C．hers8．________friendClaudefromFranceiskeenonChineseculture.A．I B．Me C．My 9．—Jenny,isthis________cat?—No.________iswhite.A．you;My B．your;Mine C．yours;My 10．—Mike,youskatedverywell.Whotaughtyou?—Nobody.Itaught________.I B．me C．myself 反身代詞詞組：dressoneself自己穿衣服byoneself單獨(dú)地，獨(dú)自地keepsth.tooneself保密proveoneself證明自己enjoyoneself玩得愉快

hurtoneself傷害自己foroneself為自己，親自cometooneself恢復(fù)，蘇醒loseoneself失去自我helponeself(to)自用（食物等）teachoneself=learnbyoneself自學(xué)不定代詞：1.each和everyeach強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)別，代表的數(shù)可以是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上，而every強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，所指的數(shù)必須是三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上。Each(ofus)hasadictionary.Everyoneofushasstrongandweakpoints.2.either意思是“兩個(gè)中間的任何一個(gè)”；Both兩者都all三者都neither兩個(gè)都不none三者都不few、little、幾乎沒有afew、alittle一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞3.4.other其他的+名詞==others One…..theother一個(gè)….另一個(gè)（兩者中另一個(gè)）Another另一個(gè)（三者） Some….theothers一些….另一些SodoI我也是 soIdo我確實(shí)如此 neitherdoI我也不是指示代詞：It上文提到的事物常用句型（1）作形式主語：Itis+adj.+（forsb.）todosth.對某人來說做某事是怎么樣的。Ittakes/tooksb.sometime/moneytodosth.做某事花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間/金錢。It’s+adj.+that從句。如：（2）作形式賓語：常用在動詞find,think,make,consider,feel等詞后。find(動詞)it+adj+todosthone上文提到的同類事物的一個(gè)that比較級，放在than后面【課堂練習(xí)】1．Theschoolofferstwocoursesoncomputertechnology.Oneisforbeginnersand________isforthosewhoalreadyhavesomebasicknowledge.A．other B．a(chǎn)nother C．theother2．—Mom,Sallyiscomingfordinnerthisevening.—There'sonly___________beefinthefridge.Let'sbuysomemoremeatandvegetables.A．a(chǎn)few B．a(chǎn)little D．little3．Didyoudo__________duringthelastsummervacation?A．somethingspecial B．specialsomething C．a(chǎn)nythingspecial4．—Don’tplaygamesanymore.There’s________foryou.—OK,Mom.A．nothinguseful B．usefulnothing C．somethinguseful5．Sophiawaitedforareply,but______came.A．either B．neither C．none6．Takeiteasy.Therewillbe_________twobusescominginafewminutes.A．a(chǎn)nother B．other C．theother7．Therearetwonewbuildingsnearthesea,and____ofthemareverytall.A．a(chǎn)ll B．neither C．both8—Linda,Mother'sDayiscoming.Whatwillyoubuyforyourmotherasagift?—Ifindscarvesbeautiful,soIplantobuy____________forher.A．it B．one C．that9．—Whydoyoulivesofarfromschool?—Thecostofrenting（租）housesincentralcityishigherthan__________inanyotherareaofthecity.A．that B．one C．it 10．—Iwanttobuy________formygrandpatomakehimhappy.—That’sagoodidea.A．somethingspecial B．a(chǎn)nythingspecial C．specialanything【板塊2】冠詞冠詞：一種虛詞，不能單獨(dú)使用，用于名詞前。冠詞分為不定冠詞a/an（表示泛指）、定冠詞the（表示特指）和零冠詞。1.不定冠詞a,an的區(qū)別A一個(gè)+輔音alionastudentabookAn一個(gè)+元音anhour, anhonor, anhonestboy anA,H,X anumbrella注意:①判斷一個(gè)名詞前用a還是用an,是根據(jù)其讀音,而不是根據(jù)其字母。②要注意區(qū)別以“u”開頭的單詞:當(dāng)“u”發(fā)/?/音時(shí),單詞前用an,如anumbrella,anunhappyboy;當(dāng)“u”發(fā)/ju?/音時(shí),單詞前用a,如auniversity,ausefulbook。2.定冠詞(the)的基本用法用法示例用于雙方都知道的人或事物前Givemethebook,please.用于特指的或上文已提到過的人或事物前Doyouknowthegirlinred?表示世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物Themoonmovesaroundtheearth.用在序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級前面以及對兩個(gè)人或事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)起特指作用的比較級前Thefirstlessonisveryeasy.Heistheyoungerofthetwoboys.用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)前表示一家人或夫妻倆TheGreensarewatchingTVnow.用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表一類人或事物Theorangeisorange.與某些形容詞連用表一類人Weshouldhelptheold.用于江河、海洋、山脈、群島、沙漠等專有名詞前theGreatWall,theSummerPalace用在表示方位或西洋樂器名稱的名詞之前Ilikeplayingthepiano.記憶口訣:特指雙熟悉,上文已提及,世上獨(dú)無二,序數(shù)最高級,普通專有名,習(xí)語及樂器?！疽谆禳c(diǎn)】（1）anumberof的意思是“一些”;（2）thenumberof的意思是“……的數(shù)目,……的數(shù)量”,作主語時(shí)謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Anumberofstudentslikeplayingcomputergames.一些學(xué)生喜歡玩電腦游戲。Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolisabout1,500.我們學(xué)校學(xué)生數(shù)目大約是1,500。下列情況用零冠詞不可數(shù)名詞和復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指時(shí)。如：Animalscan’tlivewithoutwater.by連用的交通工具名詞前。如：bycar

bytrain“球類”“棋類”“三餐”前。如：playbasketball;playchess;havebreakfast節(jié)日的名稱前。如：NationalDay國慶節(jié)Children’sDay兒童節(jié)“星期”“月份”“季節(jié)”等名詞前。Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.【課堂練習(xí)】（）1.Englishisusefulsubject.Everyoneshouldn’tgiveitup.A.aB.anC.the（）2.ItalyisEuropeancountry.an B.aC./（）3.–--WhatdoyouthinkofMike?Heishonestboy.A.aB.anC.theD./（）4.Thereisoldbike.OldbikeisMr.Zhao’s.A.the;AnB.a;TheC.an;TheD.an;A（）5.TongLiyaisfamousactresswhoactedasacountrywomanin1970sinTVshowOrdinaryWorld.A.a;/B.a;theC.an;the（）6.SomesmallshopsinBritainusuallycloseforhourat