人教版高一英語必修3賓語從句與表語從句詳細講解及練習(xí)

Grammar

賓語從句表語從句名詞性句在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句名詞性從句的作用相當(dāng)于名詞此主語從句表語從句賓語從句和同位語從句分別作主句的主語表語賓語和同位語。主語從句：willwinthematchstillunknown.賓語從句：Itoknowhetoldyou.表語從句：factisthathavelostgame.同位語從句：thatwewongameisexciting.引導(dǎo)名性從句的連詞可分三類：連接詞(不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分)：that,whether,if連接代詞：whose,which,wh+ever連接副詞：,whereClauses

賓語從句請對應(yīng)寫出句子成分Iknowhim.（）（）（）Ihe（）（）（）請用橫線畫出下面句子的賓語從句部分。Iknowhim.DohaveIthinkthatisbeautiful.Whydontyoupayme?總結(jié)：賓語通位于_____________或者_后一、賓語從句的概念：賓語從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語。位置：通常放在主句謂語動詞（及物動詞）或介詞之后。句子結(jié)：主句+連(引導(dǎo)詞+賓語從句e.g.SheifthesewereWewhatwedoknow.ewilltalktouswhathesawinU.S.A.don’tknowwherewewillthe通過觀察，我們可以知道賓語從句的語序用陳述語序：1/連接詞+主語+謂語+其他成分練習(xí)：1)Couldyoutellme______.youwillgetwhenB.whenwillhereC.getwhenyouwillD.whenyouwillget2)MotheraskedsonwhatlunchatdiddoeshehadheD.3)Pointingtheheme____seeninpicture.whatB.ifwhereD.二、連接詞1、從屬連詞(不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分)：that,ifIhearhewillinanhour.Iwanttoknowif/whetherhewillgotopark注：1、由that引導(dǎo)的陳述句性的賓語從句，在很多動詞如say,wish,hope,agree,feel等動詞后。連詞that起連接作用，在從句中不做句子的成分，也無詞匯意義，在口語中常被省略，但在大多數(shù)情況下還是以不省為好，特別是在筆試中。例：Ihimthat2it形式賓語的賓語從句時可以放在動詞find,believe,feel,make等后作為形式賓語而真正的賓語——that從句則放在句尾（此時一定不可以省略）IthinkitthatyouEnglishaloud.Wehearditwouldmarriedmonth.3、that句位于句首時，不可省略。hesaidsuchathingIsimply’t4、if和的區(qū)別1連詞if、whether引導(dǎo)的表示“是否…”賓語從句。Whether,if在從句中不做句子的成分，一般情況下，和if可以替換。例：I’thewilltomorrow.Theteacheraskedif/whetherwefinishedtheexperiment.2面幾種情況只能用①和不定式連(whethertodo用作賓語時不用if導(dǎo)2/例：WhethertogotherehasntbeenTheyaskedmeto②賓語從句中有not時不用if引導(dǎo).例：Idontknowstarwillnot.③在介詞后面的賓語從句中不用if引導(dǎo)例：I’mthinkingwhethershouldgofishing.④賓語從句提前時：例：Whetherthisistrueornot,can’tsay.練習(xí)：1.Iaskedher_____________We’reworriedabout__________heissafe.I______________heiswell.Idon’tknow___________ornotheiswell.Idon’tknow__________togo.2、連接代和連接副詞連接代詞：whose,which,wh+ever連接副詞,where因為連接代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分，具有一定的意義，不可省略。Doknowwhathesaidnow?Idon’twearrived.IhimwhereIcouldmuchtellwho(whom)haveto練習(xí)：WangHaitoldme_______didn'thiking（how,why）youtellmeelseisgoingtobe（whomalwaysthinks______can（）Theydon'tknow_________wearehiking.(when,Idon'tknow________socrowdingroundhim.why)Doknowshirtitis?(whose,who’s)三、時1.主句用現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，從句可用任何時態(tài)，根據(jù)實際情況而定IknowthathelivesIknowthathelivedhereago.Ihaveheardhewillcome2.如果主句是過去的時態(tài)（一般過去時，過去進行時句的時態(tài)一定要用相3/對應(yīng)的過去的某種時（一般過去時，過去進行時過去將來時，過去完成時）Iwholivedhere.Isawthatwaswithhersaidthathisgoneto3.從句說明的是一般真理、客觀事實、自然現(xiàn)象時，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。toldtheboythatthreesix.toldmetheeartharoundsun.練習(xí)：單項選擇1.Theyoungmanaskedit'swinter.thatC.weatherD.whether2.We______theydidit.howB.whatD.which3.Theteacherasks____JimonthatB.ifD.whattime4.anybodyknowwillhaveasportsmeetingweekendnot.ifB.wherewhetherD.5.Couldyoushowme________howIgettostationB.whereisstationC.howIcouldthestationD.Icanthe6.tellme_______.whatlikewhathelikeC.whatD.whathelike7.him________.whatdayitB.C.whowaswaitingD.wheredidyoulive8.SomeoneisringingGoandseewhoheB.heiswhoisitD.whoitis9.CouldyoutellmelongyouhavetheB.youbookC.beenawayfromD.youbeenamemberofGreener10.Hethatifit______tomorrow,hefishing.willwon'tB.goC.won'tD.rain,willgo4/PredicativeClauseshisjob.Thisiswhatdoes

表語從句（）（）表語從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句,放在系動詞之后。一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語系動詞+語從句”。系動詞有那些呢常見的系動詞分為三種：．表示特征和狀態(tài)：taste,seem,．表示由一類狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)為另一類狀態(tài)：get,grow,fall,．表示某種狀態(tài)的：prove,stay從句連接詞分為三類：引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接詞一般不省略。連接詞:thatwhetherifthough(if不引導(dǎo)表語從句)連接代詞://whose/which/what連接副詞:/wherewhy//用橫線畫出表語從句：iswhethercanonhim.iswereinofmoneyatthattime.lookedifgoingtocry.iswhyI過觀察，我們可以知道表語從句的語序也是用陳述語序注意：1that引導(dǎo)的表語從句，that僅起連接作用，無意義，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。這種從句往往是對主句主語的內(nèi)容起進一步解釋的作用。Thefactisthehasn’tyetrecoverfromillness.Ourpurposeiscanfaults.Thechanceisthatonesmokerinwillfrom*詞主語+引起的表語句表示事實，真理的名詞，如：fact,truth表示看法，觀點、問題、麻煩的名詞，如：opinion,belief,view,advice,feeling,plan,trouble,problem等Thefactisthatteamhasthegame.Thetruththatshewasthearelookingfor.2.whether引導(dǎo)的表語從句，連接詞whether起連接作用，意為“是否、究竟、到底”在句中也不作任何成分（注意：if不能引導(dǎo)表語從句)。Thewhetherwecanrelyonhim.Thewhethermanwilluptime.5/Whatdoctoriswhethermymotherwillfromthe3、連接代除在句子中起連接作用外，還可在從句中從當(dāng)主語、表語、定語，且各有各的詞義。TomnolongerwhathetoThewhichofshouldcomefirst.TheproblemiswhoisreallyfithardTheimportantthingisshouldontopofMystrongestIanwedding.4.連接副詞when,why,how除在句中起連接作用外在從句中還充當(dāng)時間地點、方式、原因狀語，本身具有詞義。That’sIcantagreeyou.whySarawasformeeting.howtheMystrongestIanwedding.5.其他連詞asif,because,as引導(dǎo)的表語從句引導(dǎo)表語從句通常只用于“This/That/Itbecause…”結(jié)構(gòu)中。asif/though引導(dǎo)的表語從句常置于連系動詞seem,sound,be,become等后面，常用虛擬語氣，表示不存在的動作或狀態(tài)。Itsoundsif/thoughsomebodywasknockingatMyangerbecauseyouhavenwrittentomeforlongtime.單項選擇：1.That’s____thePartycalledonustodo.whyB.whathowD.2.The____istheB.whyC.D.Whether3.Shelooked____sheweretenyearsA.thatB.likeC.asD.as4.Janeisnolongerwasfourago.whatB.whichC.D.5．_______yourfatherwantstoknowis________gettingwithstudies.What;howyouB.；youC.How；youareD.；you6.Theshorttools.whatB.thatC.howD.that7Americawas__________wasfirstcalled“IndiabyColumbus.6/whatB.whereplaceD.where8.isItisnolonger_________.whatitusedtoB.whatitusedtoC.itusedtoD.whatitusedto9.________he________hedisagreeswithA.WhatthatB.ThatwhatC.What…whatD.Thatwhat10.The________makesthecellsabletotheirwork.thatB.whichwhatD.such綜合練習(xí)：1．—IYorkforthetalkshowTVweek．—thathadadaysoff?A．B．whenC．whatD．where2．Iaskherwith．A．ifshewillBifwillsheC．whetherwillsheD．willshe3．Itaof_______wouldtaketheA．Bwhoever．whomD．whomever4．Cantell________?A．that．thatgentlemanwhoC．whothatgentlemanD．whomisthatgentleman5．Cantell________thestation?A．IcanBwhatIC．whereIgotD．wherecanI．Itgenerallyconsideredtogiveachild________heor．A．BCwhicheverD．whenever．Doknow________?A．whatishisBhowisC．whatisD．is8．yourIt's________youleftit．A．thereBwhere．therewhereD．where9．Imuch________．A．doesthecostBthecostC．D．thewatchcosts7/10Itwas__________me．A．what；B．thatthatC．；whatD．；what11"IsfromYork"Iknow_______．"A．fromwhatcityshefrom．fromwhatcitysheC．whatcityshefromD．whatcityshecomesfrom12Henrythedog．I'llaskhimwhy________．A．didhethatB．het