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;..;..華羅庚中學任務(wù)型閱讀專題教學案Step1TypesofTask-basedreading見考試說明Step2MethodsofTask-basedreading觀察表格,判斷詞性和搭配尋找出處,對號入座整合信息,分析歸納判斷用詞,準確表達通觀全文,復讀檢查Haveyoueverbeensoabsorbedinaconversationatapartythatyoufailedtonoticethatsomeonenewisstandingonlysixinchesawayfromyou,tryingtogetyourattention?It’spossiblethatyouweresodistractedthatyoudidn’tnoticesomeoneapproachingyou.Butit’salsoentirelylikelythatyouwereexperiencingchangeblindness.Changeblindnessisaphenomenonthatoccurswhenapersonisunabletonoticevisualchangesintheirenvironment,despitethefactthattheyareoftenratherobvious.Incasesofchangeblindness,thepersonisn’tfailingtonoticesmallorinsignificantchanges,butwillprobablymissbigchanges,likesomeonestandingnexttothemwavingtheirhand.Earlyexperimentswithchangeblindnessfocusedlargelyonmemoryandperceptionwhenviewingpictures.Forexample,apersonmightbeshownaphotographofastreetsceneinEgyptandtoldtomemorizetheimage.Followingthat,theywouldbeshownthesamepicturewithcertainelementsaddedortakenawayandaskedtoidentifywhat’sdifferent.Veryoftentheindividualcouldrecallthelargeraspectsofthepicturebutcouldn’trecognizethesmallerchanges.Inthe1990s,researcherDanielSimonsconductedafascinatingstudyintochangeblindnessthatmanypeoplefindunbelievable.InSimons’study,heaskedparticipantstowatchavideoofabasketballbeingpassedaroundbetweenseveralpeople,withaparticularfocusonthebasketballitself.Whentheexperimentwasover,Simonsfoundthatalargenumberofparticipantsweresofocusedonwatchingthebasketballbeingpassedaroundthattheyfailedtonoticeamaninagorillasuitjumpingaroundinfrontofthecamera.It’simportanttonotethatthechangeinSimons’videowasn’tsubtle;thegorillaisveryobviouslytakingupmuchoftheframe.Simonsconcludedthatparticipantswereexperiencinginattentionalblindness,whichiswhenapersonfailstonoticeamajorchangebecausetheyaresofocusedonanothertask.Inthiscase,becauseparticipantswereaskedtofocusonthemovementofthebasketball,theirbrainsprioritizedthattaskinordertodoitproperly,therebymissingtheotherthingshappeninginthevideo.InthecaseofSimons’study,participantsengagedwhat’sreferredtoasattentionalselection,whichiswhenapersonselectscertainthingstofocusoninordertoachieveataskandfiltersoutanythingthatisunrelatedtotheobjective.Thereareanumberoftheoriesaboutwhatcausesaperson’sinabilitytorecognizeobviouschangesintheirenvironment,butmostagreethatthephenomenonisrelatedtosensoryprocessing.Broadlyspeaking,ourbrainshavealimitedcapacitytodetectandprocesseverythinginourenvironment.Instead,whatthebraindoesischoosecertainthingstoprocess,evaluate,andstore,whichallowsotherthingstobemissedorfilteredout.Insimpleterms,changeblindnesshasagreatdealtodowithwhereapersondirectstheirattention.Inthecaseofthegorillaandthebasketball,peoplefocusedtheirattentionalmostexclusivelyononething,whichcausedthemtomissotherelementsorchanges.Giventhatattentionisoftenattherootofchangeblindness,aperson’sageormentalandphysicalhealthcaninfluencehowwelltheywillnoticechangesinstimuli.Step3Beforereading觀察表格,判斷詞性和搭配(填出兩類答案:左邊:總結(jié)概括詞右邊:固定搭配)ChangeBlindness1.ofchangeblindnessChangeblindnessisasurprisingperceptualphenomenonthatoccurswhenapersonrecognizesminorchangesinsceneswhilelargechangesgo2..ExperimentswithchangeblindnessThemain3.ofearlyexperimentswasmemoryandperception.Individualswerefoundtobe4.atrecallingthesmallerdetailsinthesamepicturepreviouslyshowntothem.Researchinthe1990sInSimons,study,participantswereaskedtopayspecialattentiontothe5.basketball,duringwhichtimeamanwearingagorillasuitunexpectedlywalkedthroughthescene.Contrarytopopularbelief,withtheirattentionfixedonthebasketball,manyparticipantsreportedthatthe“gorilla”6.theirnotice.Itisconcludedthatparticipantsfailtorecognizesomethingbigbutunrelatedtotheobjectivewhentheirbrainsareprogrammedtoconsidersometaskasatop7..8.ofchangeblindnessThebrainmakes9.aboutwhattobedealtwithbecauseofitslimitedcapacity.Althoughattentionisclosely10.tochangeblindness,ageandhealthareotherfactorsthatplayarole.Step4Whilereading.尋找出處,對號入座Newresearchsays35percentofchilddeathsworldwidearecausedbyhunger.Theresearchcomesfrompoortomiddle-incomecountriesinAfrica,AsiaandLatinAmerica.Title:AnewresearchThemeischildren,sbiggestkiller.n.整合信息,分析歸納Practice1:Partofspeech/formation詞性/詞形轉(zhuǎn)換⑴Beresponsibleforyourownlearning.Takeforone'sownlearning.⑵Thefourthstepistosummarizewhatyou’veheard.一Giveaofwhatthepersonhassaid.⑶WithoutvitaminB,wecouldbeweakandwouldnotgrowfast.一TheproblemscausedbylackofvitaminBareandslowgrowth.Practice2:Synonymandantonym同義詞和反義詞轉(zhuǎn)換⑴Understandingisusuallyachievedandadifficultpersonbecomeslessdifficultandmorecooperative.一Adifficultpersonwillbetocooperatewithifunderstandingisachieved.⑵Agrowingnumberofparentsaretravellingabroadwithkids.Thereisannumberoffamiliestravellingabroadwithkids.⑶Childrenactmorelikeadultsthantheyusedto.一Childrentodayasiftheywereadults.Practice3:Prefixandsuffix前綴和后綴轉(zhuǎn)換⑴Manypeoplelosttheirhouses.一Manypeoplebecame.⑵Floatinggarbage,oldtires,piecesofpaper,popcansandbottlesarenotpleasanttolookat.一Itcanbetolookatbuteasytocleanandprevent.⑶Theladywasnothappy.一Theladywas.Practice4:Sentencestructure句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換⑴69%ofthepeoplewhoareinvolvedinthesurveyarestronglyinfavoroftheholidayproposal.一69%ofthepeopleinthesurveyarestronglyinfavoroftheholidayproposal.⑵Ifyoucomparethisbagwithothers,you’llfinditisofhighquality.一thisbagwithothers,you’llfinditisofhighquality.⑶Inmostcountries,anexchangeofbusinesscardsisnecessaryforallintroductions.一Exchangingbusinesscardswhenyourself.Practice5:Paraphrase信息釋義⑴Hefinallymanagedtofindanapartmentnearhisoffice.—Hefinallyinfindinganapartmentnearhisoffice.⑵Changeblindnessisaphenomenonthatoccurswhenapersonisunabletonoticevisualchangesinhis/herenvironment,despitethefactthathe/sheisoftenratherobvious.一Changeblindnessisasurprisingperceptualphenomenonthatoccurswhenapersonrecognizesminorchangesinsceneswhilelargechangesgo.⑶InSimons’study,heaskedparticipantstowatchavideoofabasketballbeingpassedaroundbetweenseveralpeople,withaparticularfocusonthebasketballitself.一InSimons’study,participantswereaskedtopayspecialattentiontothebasketball,duringwhichtimeamanwearingagorillasuitunexpectedlywalkedthroughthescene.m.判斷用詞,準確表達1.信息歸納題歸納詞的特征:常用高頻詞匯總結(jié)⑴Title:ChangeBlindnessofchangeblindnessChangeblindnessisasurprisingperceptualphenomenonthatoccurswhenapersonrecognizesminorchangesinsceneswhilelargechangesgo...表定義:常用高頻詞匯總結(jié)⑵Becausesixoutofevery10accidentaldeathshappentoChinesechildrenwhoareplaying,ShanghaiJohnson&JohnsonPharmaceutical(SJJP),aUS-basedpharmaceuticalgiant,isworkingonaSafeKidsProgramto
preventinjuriesanddeaths.Title:Safekidsprogram—Theprogrammeisintendedtopreventaccidentalinjuriesanddeaths.表意圖、目的:常用高頻詞匯總結(jié)⑶Mostscientistsarenowcertainthatglobalwarmingistakingplace.Gasessuchascarbondioxideproducedbyburningofcoal,oil,wood,togetherwithindustrialpollution,arecreatingawarmblanketaroundtheearth.Thisblanketistrappingheatintheatmosphereandsoraisingthetemperatureoftheearth.Title:Globalwarming—Gasesfromburningcoal,oil,andwoodwithindustrialpollution.表原因:表結(jié)果:常用高頻詞匯總結(jié)⑷CathyMoultonfromDiabetesUKsuggeststhatpeoplewithdiabetesdoaminimumof30minutesofappropriatephysicalactivityonatleastfivedaysoftheweek.Title:TaiChihelpscontroldiabetesCathyMoulton'sForfivedaysaweek,peoplewithdiabetesshoulddoatleast30minutes,physicalactivity.表建議:常用高頻詞匯總結(jié)⑸DoctorBlackHesaysthestudiesshowthatfoodprogramsneedtoplacethegreatestimportanceonthefirsttwoyearsoflife.Itishightimetheirdietswereimproved.DietsshouldincludefoodsrichinvitaminAandotherusefulvitaminsandminerals.Theresearcherssayearlyhelpsuchasthiscouldreducechilddeathsby25%.Title:AnewresearchThetosavechildrenDietsshouldbeimproved.Dietsshouldcontainfoodwithrichvitaminsandminerals.表方式、方法:常用高頻詞匯總結(jié)⑹Withoutproperplanning,tourismcancauseproblems.Forexample,toomanytouristscancrowdpublicplacesthatarealsoenjoyedbytheinhabitantsofacountry.Iftouristscreatetoomuchtraffic,theinhabitantsbecomeannoyedandunhappy.Theybegintodisliketouristsandtotreatthemimpolitely.AdvantagesDevelopingeconomy...Keepthe...Advancingoflocalpeople...Increaseemployment.Havingabadeffectonother.Bringingovercrowdedness…Increasepressureontraffic.
表比較:常用信息歸納詞匯結(jié)論conclusion(s)/summary目的方式,方法解決方法重要性significance(s)/importance(s)/meaning(s)觀點,態(tài)度opinion(s)/view(s)/attitude(s)建議主題theme(s)/topic(s)/subject(s)措施,行動measure(s)/step(s)/action定義強弱優(yōu)劣因果異同difference(s),similarity(ies)樂觀與悲觀optimistic/pessimistic;optimism/pessimismStep5Readingstrategy排列正確的順序定位信息;分析表格;分析整合信息;選擇合適詞匯表達;理解文章Step6Afterreading通觀全文,復讀檢查①大小寫要區(qū)分;字母書寫要規(guī)范②單詞有無拼寫錯誤③表達形式(單復數(shù);詞性;時態(tài);語態(tài))是否符合要求④字跡要清楚端正!卷面要整潔!Step7SummarySixstepsofdoingTask-basedreading:⑴Haveanoverallunderstandingofthepassage.⑵Findoutthekeyinformation.⑶Identifyandunderlinethepossiblewordsorphrases.⑷Inferfromthesewordsandphrases.⑸Makeachoiceofthewords.⑹Makesuretousethecorrectforms.華羅庚中學任務(wù)型閱讀專題訓練一任務(wù)型閱讀高頻詞匯拼寫訓練18.18.結(jié)論A.常1用.名介詞紹、引入、導入_introductionto.定義__definition__.概念___concept__.主題、話題__topic;theme;subject__.標題___title___.原因__cause___of___reason___for.借口__excuse__.結(jié)果,影響,效果have__effects/influences/impacts____on.過程_intheprocessof__.程序;手續(xù);___procedure.步驟___step.結(jié)局,后果asaresult/consequence_;theoutcomeof.進展.發(fā)展__development_.線索clue.證據(jù);跡象evidence_、proof.說明,指令,指示___instruction___.聯(lián)系,連接___connectionconclusion判斷(力)___judgment分析analysis解釋,說明__explanation比較__comparison___例子_example/instance___樣品__sample論點,要點__point__焦點___focus議論,論據(jù),理由___argument解決辦法,答案solution/approachtodoingWays/methods/meansofdoingWays/howtodo措施;方法;辦法__measures/steps/action_(taken)描述_description__事實___fact節(jié)目單,議程,計劃日程_program(me)議程;日常工作事項___agenda__日常工作;慣例;常規(guī)routine進步___progress___提議,建議__proposal建議__suggestions/tips/adviceon___比例_proportion__口信,短信,旨意_message__信息,消息__information材料,素材___material細節(jié),詳情in__detail__目的,意圖_purpose__意圖,打算intention目的,目標_goal/target/aim__優(yōu)勢,長處,有利條件___advantage___利益;好處benefits不利條件__disadvantage/shortcomings/drawbacks/_優(yōu)缺點strengthsandweaknesses、advantagesanddisadvantages設(shè)備__equipment/facilities__器材instrument形勢,局勢—situation___條件,狀況,形勢__condition觀點,見解__view意見;__viewpoints/opinions/views___態(tài)度__attitude__toward目的地
___destination__路線,航線___route過程,經(jīng)過.課程inthe__course___of科目,學科__subject___方向in~_the__direction_of用法,指示,說明書—directions—數(shù)目__number__數(shù)字,形狀,圖形__figure__組織_organization結(jié)構(gòu),構(gòu)
造__structure_功能___function__原理,原則__principle_團體,機構(gòu)___institute__通知,公告__announcement__特征features計量__measurement_狀態(tài),形態(tài)__state___形狀__shape___大小,尺寸,型號size___高度height重量weight__長度___length寬度___width度~depth數(shù)量amount(quantity)質(zhì)量___quality___類型,種類__type,variety,sort,kind__分類;等級;范疇__category/classification_形式___form風格,款式,式樣_style民族,國籍___nationality80.深88.性另I」sex96.場面,現(xiàn)場scene男97.場所,地點on性___malethespot___女性___female___職業(yè),工作___occupation/job/profession_地址address_位置,場所,方位location_位置,方位,地位,身份,職位_position__職員___staff氣候___climate___周圍環(huán)境_surroundings風景,景色_scenery___風景,地貌___landscape興趣interest__業(yè)余愛好_hobbies偏愛(物),喜好_preference___for感覺,感受,意識sense感覺,感情__feeling情感,愛情__affection__for情緒,情感___emotion__激情,熱情__passion期待,希望expectation舉止,行為,習慣behavior自然,天性,本性,性質(zhì)___nature_性格__character__個性;品格___personality___特征_characteristic__回憶,往事_memories___度數(shù),程度,等級學位___degree___年級,成績,
評語__grade___分數(shù),成績___mark___內(nèi)容,目錄__content___項目,條目_items___經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)驗_experience__時代,時期__times(ages)(一段)時期,時間__period合作者,伙伴__partner___合作關(guān)系partnership親戚,親屬___relative___勇氣,膽量__courage___壓力___pressure__灰心,氣餒__discouragement發(fā)現(xiàn),被發(fā)現(xiàn)之事__discovery___發(fā)明;發(fā)明物__invention供應(yīng)(品)supplies提供,出價___offers收入___income___開支,開銷,花費expense出口(商品)__export(s)進口(商品)_import(s)稅率,費率rate稅tax價格_price代價,價格,成本cost(s)利潤makeprofit虧損___loss產(chǎn)品,產(chǎn)量__product___農(nóng)產(chǎn)品__produce___生產(chǎn),產(chǎn)品production__消費consumption消費者___consumer顧客__customer__投訴者___complainant__要求___demand投訴___complaints沖突,矛盾—conflict解決___settlement處理,治療treatment重大事件__events意義_significance成就___achievement__差異__difference_相似,相同___similarity一致___agreement分歧___disagreement_用法___usage使用use/employ_注意(事項)caution回答,回復reply、answer響應(yīng);回應(yīng)in_response/reactionto能力ability一可能性___possibility嘗試attempt試驗___experiment___on/with(實驗)結(jié)果___findings/results___(實驗)人員participants_(實驗)主題(對象)subject___TOC\o"1-5"\h\z結(jié)論___conclusion___概要summary___調(diào)查research/investigation研究study/research問卷調(diào)查survey/questionnaire平均數(shù)on(the/an)average總計,總數(shù)intotal速度atthe___speedof頻率__frequency災(zāi)難disaster幸存者survivor營救,救助rescue預(yù)防(方案)prevention__損失,損害damages___死亡(事例)deaths洪水,水災(zāi)flood旱災(zāi)drought人口___population流行程度;人氣popularity_就業(yè)___employment__失業(yè),失業(yè)率,失業(yè)人數(shù)_unemployment調(diào)查___survey數(shù)據(jù),資料data;..;..205.宗策略___strategy政策___policy申請者,應(yīng)征者,志愿者___applicant志愿者,自愿參加者volunteer___組織者organizer___參與者participant__傳統(tǒng)by___traditionreligion___階段,舞臺___stage水平level缺點,毛病findfaults_with范圍,(價格,氣溫等變化)幅度___range___資源resources源頭,來源,出處source21_2_.__多__樣__化__;多樣性variety/diversity213.一代人generation_B.常用動詞214.增加increase__降低,下降decrease__減少reduce___除掉,移去,轉(zhuǎn)移remove___TOC\o"1-5"\h\z吸收__absorb_釋放___release__稱(重)__weigh分類___sort/classify__上升rise下降drop取勝,贏win失去,輸?shù)簦ū荣惖龋﹍oseTOC\o"1-5"\h\z吸引attract想象__imagine重建rebuild創(chuàng)造___create建立,成立found記錄record破壞,打破__break形成,養(yǎng)成___form培養(yǎng),開發(fā)developTOC\o"1-5"\h\z改變__change破壞,毀掉destroy損壞___damage毀滅__ruin改革reform覆蓋,采訪,涵蓋cover傳播,擴散spread廣播broadcast__通知___inform宣布,通報___announce24_6_.__擴___展_,擴大___expand加強___strengthen___解決,平息__settleC.常用形容詞/副詞TOC\o"1-5"\h\z成功的___successful滿意的___satisfied失望的disappointed基本的,不可或缺的,重要的essential___自然的__natural人工的,人造的__man-made/artificial想象的imaginary___可考慮的___considerable__體貼的considerate__可能的__possible;..;..潛在的__potential積極的,正面的positive消極的負面的__negative窄的narrow身體的,體力的physical___精神的,心理的mental從身體上__physically在精神(心理)上mentally___健康的healthy_殘疾的___disabled可怕的terrible恐怖的,可怕的horrible令人驚訝的265.在身體方面,surprising265.在身體方面,令人吃驚的___astonishing___感到驚訝的___amazed害怕的___scared緊張的(不安定)___nervous(upset)___舒適的comfortable_放松的___relaxed悲慘的miserable_可愛的lovely淘氣的,頑皮的_naughty_容易相處的,平易近人的accessible(easygoing)固執(zhí)的,武斷的arbitrary___TOC\o"1-5"\h\z古代__ancient現(xiàn)代的___modern文化的__cultural歷史的historical___全國性的__national個人的personal___私人的,私立的___private公共的___public方便的,便捷的convenient可利用的,有空的,可得到的availableextremeiy_經(jīng)常,頻繁地frequently__嚴格地___strictly劇烈地fiercely小心地,謹慎地cautiously___隨意地,不拘小節(jié)地casually國外___abroad293.及其,非常300.樂觀的optimistic悲觀的___pessimistic___永久的,不變的___permanent臨時的,暫時的temporary固定的,定期的___regular有效的;可獲得的;可利用的___available__to區(qū)域的regional___環(huán)保的environmental可循環(huán)利用的recycled傳統(tǒng)的traditional金融的financial經(jīng)濟的economic_華羅庚中學任務(wù)型閱讀專題訓練二任務(wù)型閱讀詞性轉(zhuǎn)換訓練動詞名詞accompanyfcompanyadaptfaccompanyfcompanyadaptfadaptationadmitfadmissionadvisefadviceachievefachievementaddfadditionadmirefadmirationaffectfaffectionacquirefacquisitionadjustfadjustmentadvertisefadvertisementagreefagreementamusefamusementanalysefanalysisapologizefapologyappearfappearanceapplyfapplicationappointfappointmentappreciatefappreciationapprovefapprovalarguefargumentarrangefarrangementarrivefarrivalassessfassessmentassistfassistanceassociatefassociationassumefassumptionastonishfastonishmentattendfattendanceattractfattractionbathefbathbearfbirthbehavefbehaviourbelievefbeliefbleedfbloodbreathefbreathbuildfbuildingcelebratefcelebrationchoosefchoicecollectfcollectioncommitfcommitmentcommunicatefcommunicationcompetefcompetitioncomplainfcomplaintconcentratefconcentrationconcludefconclusionconfusefconfusionongratulatefcongratulationconnectfconnectionconsiderfconsiderationconstructfconstructionconsultfconsultationcontainfcontainercontributefcontributioncorrectfcorrectioncountfcountercreatefcreationcriticizefcriticismdecidefdecisiondecoratefdecorationdefendfdefensedeliverfdeliverydescribefdescriptiondestroyfdestructiondeterminefdeterminationdevelopfdevelopmentdevotefdevotiondictatefdictationdifferfdifferencedirectfdirectiondisappearfdisappearancedisagreefdisagreementdiscoverfdiscoverydiscussfdiscussiondistinguishfdistinctiondistributefdistributiondividefdivisiondonatefdonationeducatefeducationelectfelectionembarrassfembarrassmentemphasizefemphasisemployfemploymentencouragefencouragementenquirefenquiryenterfentranceentertainfentertainmentequipfequipmentexaminefexaminationexcitefexcitementexhibitfexhibitionexistfexistenceexpandfexpansionexpectfexpectationexplainfexplanationexplorefexplorationexposefexposureexpressfexpressionextendfextensionfailffailurefeelffeelingflyfflightfreeffreedomgovernfgovernmentgraduatefgraduationgreetfgreetinggrowfgrowthguidefguidancehesitatefhesitationidentifyfidentificationignorefignoranceillustratefillustrationimpressfimpressioninformfinformationinjurefinjuryinspectfinspectioninstructfinstructioninsurefinsuranceintendfintentioninterruptfinterruptionintroducefintroductioninventfinventioninvitefinvitationjudgefjudgementknowfknowledgelaughflaughterliberatefliberationlocateflocationloseflossmarryfmarriagemeanfmeaningmeetfmeetingmixfmixturemotivatefmotivationmovefmovementoccupyfoccupationopenfopeningoperatefoperationorganize/organiseforganization/organizationownfownershippackfpackagepaintfpaintingpermitfpermissionpleasefpleasurepollutefpollutionpossessfpossessionproducefproductionpreferfpreferencepreparefpreparation
presentfpresentationpressfpressurepronouncefpronunciationprotectfprotectionpunishfpunishmentqualifyfqualificationreceivefreceptionreferfreferenceregulatefregulationrequirefrequirementreservefreservationreviewfrevisionsatisfyfsatisfactionseparatefseparationservefservicesettlefsettlementsignfsignaturesimplifyfsimplificationsolvefsolutionspeakfspeechspellfspellingstarvefstarvationstatefstatementstrengthenfstrengthsucceedfsuccesssufferfsufferingsuggestfsuggestionsummarizefsummarysurvivefsurvivaltendftendencythreatenfthreattolerateftolerancetrainftrainingtransformftransformationtranslateftranslationtreatftreatmentturnfturningunitefunionviolatefviolationwarnfwarningweightfweight②形容詞f名詞ablefabilityabsentfabsenceacademicfacademyaccessiblefaccessaccuratefaccuracyagriculturalfagricultureanxiousfanxietyathleticfathleteattractivefattractionbeautifulfbeautybeneficialfbenefitbravefbraverycautiousfcautioncentralfcentrechallengingfchallengecheerfulfcheerchemicalfchemistrycloudyfcloudcomfortablefcomfortconvenientfconveniencedangerousfdangerdarkfdarknessdeadfdeathdefinitefdefinitiondelightedfdelightdisabledfdisabilitydustyfdusteconomicfeconomyelectricalfelectricityemotionalfemotionenergeticfenergyequalfequalityevidentfevidencefacialffacefantasticffantasyfinancialffinancefoggyffogfortunateffortunefreeffreedomfriendlyffriendlinessfunnyffunhappyfhappinessharmoniousfharmonyhealthyfhealthhighfheighthumorousfhumorhungryfhungerindependentfindependencejustfjusticekindfkindnesslongflengthmajorfmajoritymercifulfmercynationalfnationoptionalfoptionainfulfpainpatientfpatiencepeacefulfpeacepersonalfpersonalityphysicalfphysicspoisonousfpoisonpoliticalfpoliticspoorfpovertypracticalfpracticeproudfprideracialfracereasonablefreasonreligiousfreligionselfishfselfsensitivefsenseskillfulfskillsocialfsocietysorryfsorrowsouthernfsouthspiritualfspiritstrongfstrengthsystematicfsystemtastyftastetechnicalftechnologyterriblefterrortheoreticalftheorytraditionalftraditiontrueftruthuniversalfuniversevaluablefvaluevariousfvarietyviolentfviolencevoluntaryfvolunteerwarmfwarmthweakfweaknesswealthyfwealthweeklyfweekwidefwidth
wisefwisdomwisefwisdomwoolenfwoolyoungfyouth華羅庚中學任務(wù)型閱讀專題訓練三任務(wù)型閱讀轉(zhuǎn)換訓練一、信息轉(zhuǎn)換題專練It’stheconscientiousworkerwhohelpsnewcomersorupdatespeoplewhoreturnafteranabsence,whogetstoworkontimeandneverabusessickleaves,whoalwaysgetsthingsdoneondeadline.fConscientiouspeopleareverytoothers.Thisiswhattoday’sleadersmustconsider:Howtoleadinnewwaysthatfocuslessonthemselves,butmoreonthebettermentofahealthierwhole.fForleaders,morefocusonthebettermentofahealthierwholeshouldbetakeninto.Conservationistsarelookingforwaysinwhichpeoplecanusetheforestswithoutdestroyingthem.fConservationistsaretryingtousetheforestswithoutcausing.Thehighestlevelsofhappinessarefoundwiththemoststableandsatisfyingrelationships.fThehappinessliesinthemoststableandsatisfyingrelationships.Aprofessormightstill“teach”aclass,butmostoftheinteractionwillhappenonline.fWhenteachingaclass,professorswillwithstudentsmostlyonline.Isitpossibleforthepolicetofindthelostboy?fIsthereanythatthepolicewillfindthelostboy??Tomwasadmittedtotheuniversity,andhewasglad.fTomwasgladabouthistotheuniversity.Studieshaveshownthatthepresenceofnaturalgreenspacesandplantsisconnectedwitha50percentreductionintheincidentsofviolentcrime.fTheincidentsofviolentcrimehaveinplaceswheretherearenaturalgreenspacesandplants.Afterthreehoursofwaitingforthetrain,ourpatiencewasfinallyexhausted.fAfterthreehoursofwaitingforthetrain,webecamemoreandmore.Whenleadersareonlylookingoutforthemselvesandlackanysenseofcommitmenttotheadvancementoftheiremployees—thisshutsoffemployeesquickly.fBetohelpingyouremployeesgrow.FootprintsareoneofthefewpiecesofhardevidencesupportingtheideathatthereisYeti.fFootprintsareoneofthefewpiecesofhardevidencethatsupporttheofYeti.TheSenatorarguedwiththePresidentaboutthenewtaxbill.fTheissuebroughtaboutaheated.Positive,negative,andneutralmessagesthatyoureceivefromothersallplayaroleindeterminingwhoyouare.fMessagesfromothershelpyouwhoyouare.StudiesfromthePositivePsychologyCentershowedthatdiscouragedpeoplewhowrotedownthreegoodthingsthathappenedtothemeachdayforsixmonthsreportedanimprovedattitude.fonthepositiveandyourattitudewouldbeimprovedwhenyoufixyourattentionongoodthings.Intimeofwar,oneshouldfightindefenseofhiscountry.fWheneverwarbreaksout,everyoneshouldfighttohiscountry.Theviewerswhowatchitfivetimesaweeklearnmorethanthosewhowatchitoccasionally.fviewerslearnmorethanoccasionalones.However,thetravelrushusuallybeginsuptotwoweeksbeforethat,andwilllast40daysbeginningfromJan.11toFeb.19.fThetravelrushbeginsfromJan.11andendsonFeb.19,40days.Scientistshaveonlyrecentlybeenabletogainaccesstothearea.fTheareahasbeentoscientistsonlyrecently.Look,anewtheatreisbeingconstructedthere.Soon,wecanenjoygoodmoviesanytime.fLook,anewtheatreisunderthere.Soon,wecanenjoygoodmoviesanytime.Toomanyleaderswastetoomuchoftheirvaluabletimetryingtoactlikeotherleadersintheorganization—ratherthanattemptingtoestablishtheirownidentityandleadershipstyle.fDon’totherleadersandstandupforwhatyoubelievein.Becauseoftheeconomiccrisis,manypeoplehadtolookforatemporaryjob.fTheeconomiccrisismadeithardtofindajob.Manypeopleneedguidanceinchoosingacareer(職業(yè)).Fortunately,thereismuchinformationontheWebaboutjobopportunities.Withalltheinformationavailable,it’snotsurprisingthatpeoplecanfeelconfused.fThereisalotofjobinformationonline,buttoomuchofitmaysometimesbe.Everythinginthehousewasneatandtidy.Butthenaughtyboychangeditthoroughly.fThenaughtyboylefteverythinginthehouseina.Don’tlieinthestrongsunlightforlongtime,whichwilldomuchharmtoyourskin.fofthebodytostrongsunlightforlongtimecanbeharmfultoyourskin.EveryoneshouldhandinhishomeworkbyMay30th,orhewillbepunished.fTheforthehomeworkisMay30th.Researchshowsthatwhenpeopleworkwithapositivemindset(思維模式),performanceonnearlyeverylevel—productivity,creativity,involvement—improves.fResearchfindings:Peopleperformbetterwhenthinking.In1969ApolloIItookthreementothemoonsuccessfully.fTheUnitedStatesinputtingthreemenonthemoon.Thosewho’dsharedthewealthfeltmuchhappierattheendofthedaythanthosewho’dspentitonthemselves.fYourspiritwillbeinspiredbythewealth.Employeesdesiretoknowwhatisexpectedofthemandbegiventheopportunitytobetterthemselves,ratherthanbetoldtheyarenotqualifiedfornewrolesandresponsibilities.fEmployeesdesiretoknowtheirleaders’expectationsofthemandwanttogettobetterthemselves.Allyouhavetodoistotakecontrolofyouremotionsandmakethempositiveinsteadoflettingthemcontrolyou.fYouhavetocontrolyouremotionsandmakethempositiveinsteadofbeingbythem.二、信息歸納題專練Socializeandthinkinapositiveway.Apartfromgivingpresentstoyourself,buyotherssomegifts.Concentrateonthepresentandfuture.Spendyoursparetimedoingwhatyoulike.fThethingsdiscussedabovearetoliftingupyourmood.Burt’sBees’sthen-CEO,JohnWolfgang,tookadifferentapproach.Eachday,he’dsendoutane-mailpraisingateammemberforworkrelatedtoglobalmarketing.He’dinterrupthisownpresentationstoremindhismanagerstotalkwiththeirteamsaboutthecompany’svalues.Heaskedmetofurtherathree-hoursessionwithemployeesonhappinessinthecourseoftheexpansioneffort.fJohnWolfgangwasofhisassistants’feelings.Ithasbeenrightlysaidthatwhenamanissittingbehindasteeringwheel(方向盤),hiscarbecomestheadditionalpartofhispersonality.Thereisnodoubtthatthemotorcaroftenbringsoutaman’sveryworstqualities.Peoplewhoarenormallyquietandpleasantmaybecomeunrecognizablewhentheyarebehindasteeringwheel.Theyswear,theyareill-manneredandaggressive,willfulastwo-year-oldsandcompletelyselfish.Alltheirhiddenanger,disappointmentsandenviesseemtobeexposedbytheactofdriving.fforsomanyroadaccidentsarethatamantendstobecomeill-manneredandbehaveinanaggressivewaywhendrivingacarandthatallthehiddenanger,disappointmentsandenviesareexposedbytheactofdriving.Theprogramisintendedtopreventaccidentalinjuriesanddeaths.fTheoftheprogramisthatwepreventaccidentalinjuriesanddeaths.DoctorBlacksaysthestudiesshowthatfoodprogramsneedtoplacethegreatestimportanceonthefirsttwoyearsoflife.Itishightimetheirdietswereimproved.DietsshouldincludefoodsrichinvitaminAandotherusefulvitaminsandminerals.Theresearcherssayearlyhelpsuchasthiscouldreducechilddeathsby25%.fThetosavechildrenarethatdietsshouldbeimprovedandthatdietsshouldcontainfoodwithrichvitaminsandminerals.IDsystemsareusedasameansforpeopletoprovetheiridentity,asameansofaccesscontrol,orformanyothersituations.IDcardscanalsocontainalotmoreinformationthansimplythenameoftheholder.ftoIDsystems.IC(IntegratedCircuit)MicroprocessorCards(chipcards)offeralargermemoryandbettersecuritythanthetraditionalmagneticstripecardsdo.Chipcardscanalsoholddata.Thesecardsareusedformanythings.Thus,chipshavebeenthemainplatformforcardsthatholdasecuredigitalidentity.Someexamplesofthesecardsare:Cardsthatholdmoney.Cardsthatprovidesafeaccesstoanetwork.Cardsthatallowsettingstopboxesontelevisionstoremainsafefromprivacy.fThepassageinformsusoftheofcards.Additionally,morethan40percentoftheparentsdidn’tknowhowtohelptheirchildrentopreparewellforsportsactivities.Forinstance,theydon’tknowhowtohavetheirchildrenwarmuporrealizetheimportanceofaplayground-checkbeforesportsactivities.fThepassagestatestheofsportsactivities.Advertisingisthebusinessofdrawingpublicattentiontogoodsandservices,andperformedthroughvariousmedia.fThestatementtellsustheofadvertising.Inmyopinion,culturaldifferencesshouldsimplybeseenawayofmakinghislifeinteresting.fRighttowardsculturaldifferencesisthatweseeculturaldifferencesawayofmakingourlifeinteresting.Soitcanbeconcludedthatweshouldtryourbesttolearnandmastertwomorelanguages.fTheisthatweshouldtryourbesttolearnandmastertwomorelanguages.Oneofthemostpopularformsofcharitablegivinginusetodayischildsponsorshipaswitnessedbythefactthatjustoneoftheleadingchildsponsorshipcharitiescurrentlyhasover1millionindividualchildsponsorsworldwide.fCurrentofchildsponsorship..Somestudentspreferastrictteacherwhotellsthemexactlywhattodo.Othersprefertobelefttoworkontheirown.Stillotherslikeademocraticdiscussiontypeofclass.fNooneteachingmethodcanbedevisedtoallstudentsatthesametime.Somefeelthattheyhaven’teatenamealunlesstheyhavehadsteakorotherredmeat.Somepreferchickenorfishandeatoneortheotherateverymeal.Othersprefervegetablesandfruitsorgrainsandwouldenjoyamealofspaghetti,eggplant,andfreshfruit.Otherscouldliveonwhatwerecalledfastfoods:ahamburgerorhotdog,Frenchfriesandasoftdrink.fPeoplehavedifferentinfood.CathyMoultonfromDiabetesUKsuggeststhatpeoplewithdiabetesdoaminimumof30minutesofappropriatephysicalactivityforatleastfivedaysoftheweek.fCathyMou
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