中醫(yī)英語(yǔ)介紹

AboutBasicTheoriesofTCM(中醫(yī)基礎(chǔ)理論的主要內(nèi)容)ThebasictheoriesofTCMdealprimarilywithbasictheoreticalknowledgesuchasphysiology,pathology,andthetreatmentandpreventionofdisease.述人體的生理、病理及疾病的防治等基本理論知識(shí)。Itincludesyinandyang,thefiveelements,visceralmanifestations,qi,blood,bodyvitality,meridians,etiology,pathogenesis,andprinciplesofdiseasepreventionandtreatment.內(nèi)容包括陰陽(yáng)、五行、藏象、氣血津液精神、經(jīng)絡(luò)、病因與發(fā)病、病機(jī)、防治原則等。Yin-YangandFiveElements（陰陽(yáng)五行）ThesefallinthecategoryofancientChinesephilosophywithconceptofmaterialismdialectics.陰陽(yáng)五行本屬中國(guó)古代哲學(xué)范疇，具有唯物主義和辯證法思想。Yin-YangandfiveelementswereintroducedinTCMtoelucidatethestructure,physiologyandpathologyofthebody,andguidetheclinicaldiagnosisandtreatment.中醫(yī)運(yùn)用陰陽(yáng)學(xué)說(shuō)來(lái)闡釋人體的結(jié)構(gòu)、生理和病理，并用以指導(dǎo)臨床的診斷和治療。ExplanationOfFiveElementsDoctrinein五行）Fiveelementsareindispensablematerialinhumanlifeinter-promotionandinter-restriction.五要素是人類生活中不可缺少的物質(zhì)，相互促進(jìn)、相互制約。inTCM—theycanexplainphysiologicalandpathologicalchangesinhumanbody.在中醫(yī)概念中，它們可以解釋人體的生理和病理變化。ExplanationOfTheoryinTCM（陰陽(yáng)學(xué)說(shuō)）Thestructureofthebody(Zang-visceraandfu-viscera)()diagnosisofdisease—arelativeimbalancebetweenYinandYang(YinsyndromeorYangsyndrome)treatmentofdisease.--regulatingYinandYangtorestoreitsrelativebalance.陰陽(yáng)相對(duì)失衡的疾病診斷（陰證、陽(yáng)證）治療疾病，調(diào)節(jié)陰陽(yáng)恢復(fù)相對(duì)平衡VisceralManifestationTheory（藏象學(xué)說(shuō)）Thistheorydealswiththephysiologicalfunctions,andpathologicalchangesoftheviscera,tissuesandorgansaswellastheir生理功能、病理變化及其相互關(guān)系。Italsodealwiththemutualrelationsbetweentheviscera,tissues,organsandtheexternalenvironment.以及臟腑、組織器官與外界環(huán)境相互關(guān)系的學(xué)說(shuō)。ItisanimportantpartofTCM’stheoreticalsystemandservesasthetheoreticalbasisforclinicaldiagnosisandtreatment.行辨證論治的理論基礎(chǔ)。Qi,Blood,BodyFluidandVitality（氣血津液精神）1.Theydealprimarilywiththegenerationandactionsofqi,blood,bodyfluidandvitalitywellastheirinterrelationship.主要闡述氣、血、津液、精神的生成、作用及其相互關(guān)系2.Ittellsusthattheyarenotonlytheproductsofzang-visceraandfu-visceraactivity,butalsothematerialbasisonwhichboththezang-visceraandthefu-viscerafunction.說(shuō)明氣、血、津液和精既是臟腑功能活動(dòng)的產(chǎn)物，又是臟腑功能活動(dòng)的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。Explanation（解釋）Qi—themostessentialsubstancemakinguptheworldandthateverythingintheuniversewasgeneratedbythemotionandchangeofQi;theessentialsubstanceconstitutingthebodyandmaintainingthelifeactivitiesofthebody.氣-構(gòu)成世界最基本的物質(zhì)，宇宙萬(wàn)物都是由氣的運(yùn)動(dòng)和變化產(chǎn)生的，是構(gòu)成身體和維持身體生命活動(dòng)的基本物質(zhì)。Bodyfluid—abasicsubstanceconstitutingthebodyandplaysanimportantroleinmaintainingitsnormallifeactivities.Itincludeallnormalliquidinthebody,suchasgastricjuice,intestinaljuice,nasaldischarges,tears.體液是構(gòu)成身體的一種基本物質(zhì)，在維持其正常的生命活動(dòng)中起著重要的作用MeridianTheory（經(jīng)絡(luò)學(xué)說(shuō)）Thistheorydealswiththephysiologyandpathologyofthemeridiansystemaswellastheinterrelationshipof系的學(xué)說(shuō)。ItisanimportantpartofTCM’sbasictheories.是中醫(yī)基礎(chǔ)理論的重要組成部分。3.Themeridiansanditscollateralsforman organicsystemwhichlinksup theexterior,interior,upperandlowerpartsofthebody,connectstheviscera,tissuesandorgans,andcirculatesqiandblood.經(jīng)絡(luò)是人體溝通表里上下、聯(lián)絡(luò)臟腑組織器官、通行氣血的一個(gè)機(jī)體系。EtiologyandPathogenesis（病因與發(fā)?。㏕hepropertiesandcharacteristicsofalltypesofpathogenicfactorsaswellasclinicalmanifestationsofresultingdiseasesareexplainedwithinthistheory.主要闡述各種致病因素的性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)及所致病證的臨床表現(xiàn)，Ittellsusthatdiseaseoccursbecauseoftheimbalanceofinternalandexternalenvironmentofthe說(shuō)明疾病的發(fā)生是由于人體內(nèi)外環(huán)境失調(diào)所致。PathologicalMechanism（病機(jī)）Itelaboratesthegenerallawofpathologicalchanges,includingconceptsofprosperityanddeclineofpathogenic主要在于闡述病理變化的一般規(guī)律。Itincludesyinandyang,abnormalitiesofqi,bloodandbodyfluid,fiveendogenousevils,anddisturbanceofthevisceraandmeridians.包括邪正盛衰、陰陽(yáng)失調(diào)、氣血津液失常、內(nèi)生五邪、臟腑經(jīng)絡(luò)功能失常等方面。PrinciplesofTreatmentandPrevention（防治原則）Itdiscussesthebasicprinciplesoftreatmentandpreventionofdiseases.防病和治病的基本法則。ThepreventionprincipleisgiventoppriorityinTCMbyupholdingthatpreventioncomesfirst.“”Itisofgreatsignificanceincontrollingtheonsetanddevelopmentofillnesses.對(duì)控制疾病的發(fā)生與發(fā)展具有重要意義Thetreatmentprincipleincorporatesaphilosophyoffindingandtreatingtherootcauseofanillness,increasingitsownpowerofhealingtoresistanddispelpathogenicfactors,andadjustingyinandyangtomaintaintheirbalance.治療法則主要包括治病求本、扶正祛邪、調(diào)整陰陽(yáng)等內(nèi)容。Chinesemedicine（中醫(yī)）1. TraditionalformsofmedicinehavebeenusedinChinasincethe3rdCentury.Chinesemedicineisveryholisticandismainlyfocusedonthebalanceof“YinandYang,”aswellasofbodyandmind.Chinesemedicinemainlyconsistsofnaturalandherbalremedies,aswellasbody/mind第三世紀(jì)以來(lái)，我國(guó)開(kāi)始使用傳統(tǒng)的醫(yī)學(xué)形式，中醫(yī)重視”以及身心平衡上，中藥主要由天然和中草藥以及身心治療組成。TraditionalMedicine（傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)）Practitionersbelievethateverypersonhasalifeforceknownas“Qi.”從業(yè)者認(rèn)為每個(gè)“氣的生命力量。Thepurposeofmedicineistoestablishabalanceofthebody’sQi.醫(yī)學(xué)的目的是建立身體的氣平衡。ThefirstuseofChineseMedicinedatesbackto200B.C.中醫(yī)的首次使用可追溯到公元200年。TheformsofChineseMedicineinclude:Acupuncture/Pressure,Moxibustion,Herbalremedies,NutritionalBalance,Massage,TaiChiandMeditation.中醫(yī)的形式有：針灸、艾灸、中草藥、營(yíng)養(yǎng)平衡、按摩、氣功、太極和冥想。TheessentialCharacteristicsofTCMisHolisticview(theconceptofwholism)andTreatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation.中醫(yī)的本質(zhì)特征是整體觀(整體觀)和辨證論治。HolisticView（整體感）Theunityandintegrityofthebody身體的統(tǒng)一性和完整性Everyorgan,viscera(內(nèi)臟）andtissuehasitsownfunctionandeveryfunctionisacomponentofthegeneralactivity.E.g…每個(gè)器官、內(nèi)臟(內(nèi)臟)和組織都有自己的功能，每一種功能都是一般活動(dòng)的組成部分。Interrelationbetweenthehumanbodyandnature人體與自然的相互關(guān)系4.Changesinnaturemaydirectlyorindirectlyinfluencethebody.自然的變化可能直接或間接地影響身體。Treatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation（辨證論治）Syndrome–summaryofthecause,place,andnatureofadiseaseTheessentialprincipleinTCMinunderstandingandtreatingdisease.癥候群--疾病的病因、部位和性質(zhì)概述--中醫(yī)在認(rèn)識(shí)和治療疾病中的基本原則Differentsyndromeinonedisease--treatedbydifferenttreatments;differentdiseaseswiththesamesyndrome--thesametreatment.一種疾病中的不同綜合癥--用不同的治療方法治療；不同的疾病有相同的綜合癥--同樣的治療。TreatmentPrinciplesofTCM（中醫(yī)治療原則）Theconceptofwholism整體觀Treatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation辨證論治Treatmentaimedatthesourceofdisease針對(duì)病源的治療Strengtheningthevitalanddispellingtheevil增強(qiáng)活力，驅(qū)除邪惡RegulatingYinandYang協(xié)調(diào)陰陽(yáng)Treatmentdependontheseason,localityandindividual治療取決于季節(jié)、地點(diǎn)和個(gè)人。MethodsofDiagnosis（診斷方法）Inspection(observe):Itincludescomplexionandtongue(tonguecoating,alayeroffur-likesubstance)()Auscultationandolfaction(Hearand聞()Inquiry(askabout問(wèn)()Pulse-feelingandpalpation(readthe切()Differentiationoftheeightprincipalsyndromes（八綱辯證）Excess陽(yáng)、表、表、里、寒、熱、虛、實(shí)Differentiationofexteriorandinteriorsyndrome(內(nèi)外證辨證論治)Itisusedtodescribethelocationandtendencyofadisease.它用來(lái)描述疾病的位置和趨勢(shì)。Exteriorsyndrome—skinandhair皮膚和頭發(fā)Interiorsyndrome—disordersintheinternalorgan,bloodandvesselandbones.內(nèi)部綜合癥-內(nèi)臟、血管、血管和骨骼的紊亂。Differentiationofcoldandheatsyndrome寒熱證辨證論治Ithelpstoidentifythespecificnatureofadisease.它有助于確定疾病的特殊性質(zhì)。Coldsyndrome—insufficientYangofthebody寒證--身體陽(yáng)不足Heatsyndrome—hyperfunctionofYangduetoYindeficiency熱證-陰虛陽(yáng)亢DifferentiationofYinandYangsyndrome陰陽(yáng)辨證Generalprinciplesoftheothersixsyndromedifferentiation其他六證辨證論治的一般原則Yin—interior,coldanddeficiencycondition陰內(nèi)寒虛Yang—syndromesoftheexterior,heat,andexcessconditions外感、熱、虛之陽(yáng)證Methodsoftreatment治療方法HerbalAcupunctureMoxibustionCuppingMassageDiettherapyorfoodtherapy、Guasha、QigongExercise中藥、針灸、艾灸、拔罐、按摩、飲食療法、食物療法、刮痧、氣功鍛煉PleaselistsomedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternmedicine請(qǐng)列出中西醫(yī)學(xué)的一些不同之處Philosophy--Man and nature being in Manconqueringnatureharmony--人與自然和諧相處Holisticview—adoctortreatalldiseases;treatingacountry;human整體觀點(diǎn)--醫(yī)生治療所有疾??；治療一個(gè)國(guó)家；人類Treattheundiseased治療未患病的人Diagnosisbycommunication問(wèn)診

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