2021-2022學(xué)年上海培明中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試題含解析

2021-2022學(xué)年上海培明中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Thegirlwastooshockedtogivea（n）

ofwhathadhappenedwhentheattacktookplace．A．a(chǎn)ccount

B．a(chǎn)ssessment

C．survey

D．summary參考答案：A2.Inordertomakemycompositionclearerandsmoother,myteacheraskedmeto_________theunnecessarywordsandsentences.A.leavealone B.leavebehindC.leaveoff D.leaveout參考答案：D【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：為了使我的作文更清晰流暢，老師讓我把不必要的單詞和句子刪去。A.leavealone不干擾；不干涉；B.leavebehind留下；遺留；C.leaveoff停止；戒除；D.leaveout省去。根據(jù)下文theunnecessarywordsandsentences.可知為“省去不必要的單詞句子”，故選D。3.Ifyou_______faultsbutyoustillwantthebicycle,asktheshopassistantto

reducetheprice.

A.comeacross

B.careabout

C.lookfor

D.focusupon參考答案：A4.So______thatmanyparentsaretooworriedtolettheirchildrentravelaloneatthebeginningofthenewterm. A.isthedistancegreat

B.greatthedistanceisC.thedistanceisgreat D.greatisthedistance參考答案：D略5.Somecyclistsmakethe____thattrafficlawsdonot____them.Itisnottrue,_______.A.idea;applyfor;however B.thought;applyto;howeverC.assuming;applyfor;though D.assumption;applyto;though參考答案：D6.Thevoyagesmade bytravellersbeforethe17thcenturyprovedthattheywerenot_____theseaeveniftheyhadnonavigationalaids.A.atthesightof B.atthemercyof

C.inthenameof

D.attheriskof參考答案：B7.Ouch!Yousteppedonmytoe!I’msorry,Ididn’t__________.A.meanto B.meantodo C.meantohave D.meantostep參考答案：A8.

Today,

rapidtransportationandcommunication,thewholeworldseemstobesmaller.A.regardlessof

B.inspiteof

C.insteadof

D.becauseof參考答案：D9.WhenIamdown,myparentswilldowhateveryparentwilldo,_______istohugmetighterandtellmeIamthebest.A.which

B.what

C.that

D.who參考答案：A10.Agoodstorydoesnotnecessarilyhavetohaveahappyending,butthereadermustnotbeleft

.A.unsatisfied

B.unsatisfying

C.tobeunsatisfying

D.beingunsatisfied參考答案：A11.Thatproductyoubuyatalowerpriceis______theonethatwesellinourstore.A.moreinferiorthan

B.moreinferiortoC.muchinferiorto

D.inferiormorethan參考答案：C12.ShandongNormalUniversityhasdevelopedasystem________studentscanchoosewhateversubjecttheylike．A．that

B．which

C．where

D．when參考答案：C13.Hehad______littleeducationthathecouldn’tteach_____littlechildren.

A.such;so

B.so;such

C.such;such

D.so;so

參考答案：B14.—Whatdoyouthinkis_______morepopulartouristplace,theForbiddenCityortheGreatWall?—Thelatterin________sense.A.a;a

B.a;the

C.the;the

D.the;a參考答案：D15.Membershipofthisclubisopentothosewhoare

itsaim.A.insaluteto

B.inhonourofC.inlinewith

D.insympathywith參考答案：D考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部的會(huì)員對(duì)那些贊同其宗旨的人開(kāi)放。insaluteto向…致意，贊揚(yáng)；inhonourof為紀(jì)念，為慶祝；inlinewith跟…一致，符合；insympathywith贊同，和…一致。根據(jù)題意，故選D。16.Volunteeringisbecoming

popularinChina.Yeah,peoplearenowawarethathelpingothersishelpingthemselves.A.naturally

B.increasingly

C.splendidly

D.successfully參考答案：B17.Isthishouse_________helivedtenyearsago.

A.inwhich

B.theone

C.theonewhere

D.what參考答案：C18.Inhislecture,theprofessorreferredtothebelief,incontrasttoallothercountries,______theelderlyarewise,______isparticularlydominantintheChineseculture．

A．that;onethat

B．that;that

C．which,which

D．that;one參考答案：A略二、翻譯19.閱讀下列各小題，根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，用句末括號(hào)內(nèi)的英語(yǔ)單詞完成句子，并將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上的相應(yīng)題號(hào)后。例：______wasthattheyoungplayerperformedextremelywellinthetabletennis

tournament.(delight)

令球迷欣喜的是那位年輕的球員在乒乓球錦標(biāo)賽中表現(xiàn)得極為出色。答案：Whatdelightedthefans/madethefansdelighted

71.Thecommunitycollegehastocutdownonstaff______.(save)為了省錢(qián)，那所社區(qū)學(xué)院只好裁員。72.Sofarthewell-knownjournalist______morethan4,000interviewswithfamouspeople.(accumulate)迄今為止這位著名記者采訪(fǎng)名人已累積達(dá)四千余人次。73.Sometimes______touseexamplestoexplainabstractconcepts.(helpful)有時(shí)候舉例也許有助于解釋抽象的概念。74.Thepolicewillreward______usefulinformationtocatchtherobber.(provide)任何人提供有用信息幫助抓住劫匪，警方將予以獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。75.He’stheonlystudentintheclass______totakepartintheModelUnitedNationsconference.(select)他是班上唯一被選上去參加模擬聯(lián)合國(guó)大會(huì)的同學(xué)。76.Noothertechnologicaldevelopmenthashad______asthegrowthofelectronicsonsomanyaspectsofsocial,economic,andculturaldevelopment.(impact)沒(méi)有哪項(xiàng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展像電子技術(shù)這樣，對(duì)我們的社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)以及文化等諸多方面產(chǎn)生過(guò)如此重要的影響。77.You______themeetingtotellmethat;youcouldhavecometotellmeafterwards.(interrupt)你不該打斷會(huì)議來(lái)告訴我那件事，你本可以會(huì)后告訴我。78.Thisnovelwasoncethe______bookinhighschoolsintheUnitedStates.(read)這部小說(shuō)曾經(jīng)是美國(guó)高中閱讀最廣泛的書(shū)。79.ThePublicSquareisaneye-catchingsightofthecity.______manystonesculpturesoffamoushistoricalfigures.(stand)大眾廣場(chǎng)是這個(gè)城市引人注目的景點(diǎn)，許多歷史名人的石雕像矗立在那兒。80.Itwasseveralminutes______whathewassaying.(take)過(guò)了好幾分鐘，我才理解他說(shuō)的是什么。參考答案：71.(inorder)tosavemoneysoastosavemoney72.hasaccumulated73.itmight/maybehelpful74.whoeverprovides/hasprovided75.thathasbeenselected76.suchagreatimpactasgreatanimpact77.shouldn’thaveinterruptedoughtn’ttohaveinterrupted78.mostwidelyread79.Therestand80.beforeIcouldtakeinbeforeItookin

三、閱讀理解20.Recently,ascientistdidsomeexperiments.Heleftagroupof4-year-oldsinaroomwithabellandacandy.Iftheyrangthebell,hewouldcomebackandtheycouldeatthecandy.If,however,theydidn’tringthebellandwaitedforhimtocomebackonhisown,theycouldthenhavetwocandies.Inthevideosoftheexperiments,hecanseethechildrenhidingtheireyes,tryingtoexerciseself-controlsotheycanwaitandgettwocandies.Theresultsaredifferent.Somebrokedownandrangthebellwithinaminute.Otherslasted15minutes.Thechildrenwhowaitedlongerwentontogethigheracademicscores.Theygotintobettercollegesandhadbetteradultsuccess.Thechildrenwhorangthebellquickestweremorelikelytohavereceivedworseteacherandparentalevaluations(評(píng)價(jià))10yearslaterandweremorelikelytohavedrugproblemsatage32.Theexperimentsareworthnotingbecausepeoplespendalotoftimethinkingabouthowtoimproveeducation,andhowtobecomerich.Butwhentheresultisnotgood,theywillcomebacktoask“Howdowegetpeopletogetthesortofself-controlthatleadstosuccess?”Thisistoentertheworldofhumannature.Sotheseexperiments,alongwitheverydayexperience,tellusthatself-controlismostimportant.Youngpeoplewhocansitthroughsometimesboringclassestogetadegreecanworkhardinordertolearnalanguagewell.Theycanavoiddrugsandalcohol.Forpeoplewithoutself-controlskills,however,schoolisaseriesoffailedandpainfulexperience.Nowondertheydropoutandtheirlaterlifeisagroupoffoolishideas,suchasdruguse,stealingandsoon.8.Thescientistdidsomeexperimentsto________.A.findgoodwaysoftrainingchildrentolearnB.showthatchildren’seducationisimportantC.testchildren’sself-controlandlatersuccessD.testchildren’sintelligenceofringingthebell9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“brokedown”probablymean?A.failedtowait. B.keptwaiting.C.hidthecandy. D.atethecandy.10.Howlongdidthescientist’sexperimentslastaccordingtothetext?A.Just15minutes. B.Within10years.C.Lessthan14years. D.About28years.11.Whatwillthechildrenwithoutself-controldoatschoolaccordingtothetext?A.Theywillimprovetheireducation.B.Theywillsufferalotfromboringlessons.C.Theywillbecomeveryrichandsuccessful.D.Theywillworkhardtocatchupwithothers.參考答案：8.C

9.A

10.D

11.B【分析】本文屬于說(shuō)明文，講述了自控力和未來(lái)成功的關(guān)系，實(shí)驗(yàn)表明自控力強(qiáng)的人以后成功的機(jī)會(huì)更大?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段“ThechildrenwhowaitedlongerwentontogethigherSATscores.Theygotintobettercollegesandhadbetteradultsuccess.”可知，等待的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)的孩子SAT分?jǐn)?shù)越高，長(zhǎng)大后會(huì)進(jìn)入更好的大學(xué)，獲得更好的成功，故可知實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的在于探索孩子自律和成功之間的關(guān)系，故選C。【9題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段Theresultsaredifferent.Somebrokedownandrangthebellwithinaminute.Otherslasted15minutes.可知，結(jié)果是不一樣的，有些孩子在一分鐘內(nèi)搖響鈴聲，而另外一些孩子堅(jiān)持了15分鐘，故可知對(duì)兩類(lèi)孩子進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，故可以推出breakdown為崩潰，無(wú)法再堅(jiān)持，故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段Heleftagroupof4-year-oldsinaroomwithabellandacandy.以及第三段“Thechildrenwhorangthebellquickestweremorelikelytohavereceivedworseteacherandparentalevaluations(評(píng)價(jià))10yearslaterandweremorelikelytohavedrugproblemsatage32.”可知，開(kāi)始做實(shí)驗(yàn)是孩子4歲的時(shí)候，最后與32歲的時(shí)候結(jié)束，故可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)持續(xù)了28年，故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Forpeoplewithoutself-controlskills,however,schoolisaseriesoffailedordeals(煎熬).”可推知，缺乏自律的孩子，學(xué)業(yè)對(duì)于他們來(lái)說(shuō)就是連續(xù)的煎熬，故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】詞義猜測(cè)題詞義猜測(cè)題是高考閱讀理解中?？碱}型之一，可以大致分為①定義猜詞，可以根據(jù)定義信息和舉例猜測(cè)詞義。如文中常用referto，becalled或that’stosay，suchas等。②邏輯猜詞可以根據(jù)同義詞、反義詞、因果關(guān)系詞等猜測(cè)詞義，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜詞與這些提示詞前/后面部分的含義一樣、相反或是前因后果。③語(yǔ)法猜詞，可以根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法，再結(jié)合上下文進(jìn)行猜詞。④語(yǔ)境猜詞，猜測(cè)詞義離不開(kāi)上下文的語(yǔ)境，通過(guò)上下文提供的情景和線(xiàn)索進(jìn)行合理的分析，同時(shí)還要關(guān)注其所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜詞即找出人稱(chēng)代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞等所指代的內(nèi)容，做題時(shí)要注意指代詞的位置，以便于判斷，然后用所找的指代內(nèi)容替換劃線(xiàn)代詞，核實(shí)其邏輯、意義、位置等是否一致，最后比較所找部分與選項(xiàng)，確定意思最接近的選項(xiàng)。比如小題2，根據(jù)第二段Theresultsaredifferent.Somebrokedownandrangthebellwithinaminute.Otherslasted15minutes.可知，結(jié)果是不一樣的，有些孩子在一分鐘內(nèi)搖響鈴聲，而另外一些孩子堅(jiān)持了15分鐘，故可知對(duì)兩類(lèi)孩子進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，故可以推出breakdown為崩潰，無(wú)法再堅(jiān)持，故選A。21.Sarahcamerunningin.“LookwhatIfound.”O(jiān)verthetopofthepaperIwasreadingcameacrispylongobjectthatcausedmetojump.Itwasasnakeskinthathadbeenshedbyoneofourmanygardensnakes.“Isn’titbeautiful?”saidmywide-eyedseven-year-old.Istaredattheorganicwrapperandthoughttomyselfthatitreallywasn’tthatbeautiful,butIhavelearnednevertoappearuninterestedwithchildren.Theyseeonlygoodqualityandexcellenceintheworlduntileducatedotherwise.“Whydoesitdothis?”Sarahasked.“Snakesshedtheirskinbecausetheyneedtorenewthemselves,”Iexplained.“Whydotheyneedtorenewthemselves?”Sarahasked.Isuddenlyrememberedanarticleonthispagemanyyearsagowherethewriterwasexpressingherconceptofrenewal.Sheusedlayersofpaperoverawalltodescribehowwehideouroriginalselves,andsaidthatbypeelingawaythoselayersonebyone,weseetheoriginalbeneath.“Weoftenneedtoshedourskinsandthosecoatingsthatwecoverourselveswith,”Isaidtomynowabsorbeddaughter.“Weoutgrowsomethingsandfindotheronesunwantedorunnecessary.Thissnakenolongerneedsthisskin.Itisprobablytoocrinkly（起皺的）forhim,andheprobablydoesn’tthinkhelooksassmartinitasheoncedid.”Sarahwasgettingthepoint.Aswetalked,Iknewthatshebegantounderstand,althoughslightly,thatrenewalispartofprogress;thatweneedtotakeagoodlookatourselves,ourrooms,schoolworkandcreativity,andseewhatweneedtokeepandwhatweneedtocastoff.Iwascarefultopointoutthatthisisanaturalconsequenceoftheirgrowth.“Isee,Dad,”saidSarahandjumpedoffmylapandranoff.Ihopedshewouldrememberthis.Thatoften,inordertofindourrealselvesunderneaththelayersofcommunityandculturewithwhichwecoverourselvesyearafteryear,weneedtostartexaminingtheselayers.Weneedtogentlypeelsomeaway,aswerecognizethemtobeworthlessorunnecessary;oratbest,storetheonesthrownawayasmementoes（念想）ofourpromotiontoabettervitalityorspirit.36.Atthefirstsightofthesnakeskin,theauthorwas

.A.scared

B.puzzledC.uninterested

D.excited37.Sarahlearnedfromherfatherthatrenewalis

.A.torecoverthelayersinsideB.toreviewwhathasbeen