初中一般過去時-精講

一般過去時態(tài)一般過去時態(tài)（TheSimplePastTense)介紹1.定義：一般過去時態(tài)表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用；也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作，常和表示頻度的時間狀語連用。2.謂語動詞變化：1.be動詞2.行為動詞（實義動詞）3.時間狀語： yesterday lastnight in1990 twodaysago等返回首頁巧記時態(tài)什么是一般過去時？動詞的一般過去時態(tài)表示過去發(fā)生的動作、情況或存在的狀態(tài)。也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。行為動詞(即實義動詞)的過去式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化。所有時態(tài)都是通過動詞變化來表現(xiàn)的謂語構(gòu)成1.動詞be2.動詞have,has3.助動詞do,does4.行為動詞用過去式was,werehaddid一般過去時以動詞的過去式來表示，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化.(was,were除外)I

wenttoschoolyesterday.They

wenttoschoolyesterday.I___12yearsoldthisyear.我去年11歲.I____11yearsoldlastyear.He____inBeijingnow.他昨天在上海。He____inShanghaiyesterday.他現(xiàn)在在北京。Pleaselookatthesentences我今年12歲.amwasiswasThey____inChinatoday.他們今天在中國。They____inJapanyesterday.他們昨天在日本。areweream/iswasarewere每天，早餐我吃雞蛋和牛奶。I____eggsandmilkforbreakfasteverymorning.昨天，早餐我吃面條。I____noodlesforbreakfastyesterdaymorning.他每天都吃水果。He_____fruiteveryday.昨天他吃了3個蘋果。He_____3applesyesterday.have/hashadhavehashadhadIgetupat6:30everymorning.I___upat9:00lastSunday.Heplaysfootballeveryafternoon.He_____basketballyesterdayafternoon.Hedoeshishomeworkeveryevening.He____somereadinglastnight.動詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)動詞過去式gotplayeddidTheydon’twatchTVintheevening.They_________TVlastnight.Shedoesn’tplaybasketballafterschool.She_________basketballafterschoolyesterday.Doyougotoschoolonfooteveryday?___you__toschoolonfootyesterday.Doeshegotoschoolbybuseveryday?___he___toschoolbybusyesterday?don’t/doesn’tdo/doesdidn’tdiddidn’twatchdidn’tplayDidDidgogo一般過去時的謂語構(gòu)成：由動詞的過去式構(gòu)成規(guī)則變化1.一般加ed2.以e結(jié)尾加d3.末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加ed.work—workedchange—changedprefer—preferredstop—stopped

規(guī)則動詞過去式的構(gòu)成1、一般詞尾加-ed。如：stay→stayed

help--helpedask--asked

look→lookedwatch--watched2、e結(jié)尾的只加-d。如：hope→hoped

love--loved

dance--dancedlive→lived

live--lived

3、末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加ed.

如：stop→stopped

plan(計劃)→planned

drop--dropped

beg--begged4、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，y改為i,

再加-ed。

carry--carriedstudy--studiedhurry--hurried5.不規(guī)則變化.(見不規(guī)則動詞表P148)

過去式加-ed

的讀音1、在清輔音后，讀清輔音/t/。worked/kt/helped/pt/passed/st/washed

/t/

watched

/t/2、在濁輔音和元音后，讀濁輔音/d/。played/

d/carried/id/answered/d/

lived/vd/used/zd/called/ld/3、在/t,d/音后面,讀/id/。

wanted/tid/needed/did/

finished

enjoyedshoutedmoved

helped

wantedcalled

needed

/t//d//Id//d//d//t//Id//Id/grow--grewknow--knewthrow--threwblow--blewwrite--wrotedrive--droveride--rodeget--gotforget--forgotlend--lentsend--sentspend--spentsay--said*/sed/pay--paidstand--stoodunderstand--understoodlet--letput--putcut--cutread--read*am,is--wasare--weredo--didgo--wenthave--hadsee--sawcan--couldmay--mightdig--dugeat--atefind--foundmake--madehear--heardrun--rantake--tookhold--heldspeak--spokeleave--leftkeep--keptsleep--sleptsweep--swepttell--toldsell--soldbegin--begansing--sangsit--satswim--swamring--ranggive--gavebring--broughtbuy--boughtthink--thoughtteach--taughtcatch--caughtcome--camebecome--became不規(guī)則動詞的過去式

巧記不規(guī)則動詞過去式

1.中間去e，末尾加t

如：

keep→kept，feel→felt，

sleep→slept，sweep→swept

2.結(jié)尾d變t

如：

build→built，lend→lent，

send→sent，spend→spent

3.遇見i改為a

如：ring→rang，sit→sat，drink→drank，

sing→sang，swim→swam，begin→began，

give→gave4.“騎(馬)”“開(車)”“寫(字)”——把i變o

如：ride→rode，drive→drove，write→wrote

5.“想”“買”“帶來”“打仗”——ought換上

如：think→thought，buy→bought，

bring→brought，fight→fought

6.“教書”“抓住”——aught切莫忘

如：

teach→taught，catch→caught

7.ow/aw改為ew是新時尚

如：know→knew，grow→grew，

throw→threw，draw→drew

8.“放”“讓”“讀”過去式與原形一樣

如：

put→put，let→let，read→read/red

寫出下列動詞的過去式：runborrowgrowwatchwritesmileopenbeginswimcarrystudyfinishuselivewakekeepsaycleanbuyplaylearnseereadstopgothinkbehappengivebecomegetrainstaypassanswerwentthoughtwas/werehappenedgavebecamegotrainedstayedpassedansweredusedlivedwokekeptsaidcleanedboughtplayedlearnt/edsawreadstoppedranborrowedgrewwatchedwrotesmiledopenedbeganswamcarriedstudiedfinished三、一般過去時基本用法

1.表示在過去時間里發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)

LiuJiegotupat7:10thismorning.

Hewasastudentthreeyearsago.2．表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。ZhangYuan

always

wenttoschoolbybikelastyear.3．表示已故人所做的事情。

LeiFenghelpedlotsofpeople

inhislife.

(雷鋒一生幫助了許多人。)4.表示過去所發(fā)生的一系列動作，用一般過去時。MissLiugotupatseveno’clockthismorning,dressed,hadbreakfast,andwenttowork.

四、一般過去常用時間狀語一般過去時一般都有明顯的時間狀語，它們可以是單詞/短語或從句。1.yesterday,yesterday/morning/afternoon/evening，thedaybeforeyesterday等；2.lastnight(week，month，winter,year,Monday,Tuesday…)等；3.“時間段+ago”：amoment/

twodays/ashorttime

ago,

anhourago等；4.由“介詞+一時間名詞”短語：onFriday,onMondaymorning,onApril15,onthenightofOct.1,

in1998，……5.頻度副詞：often,always

,但是句中必須有l(wèi)astyear等修飾；6.其它：then,justnow,once,以及由after或before構(gòu)成的介詞短語等7.由某些表示過去時態(tài)的從句等。

e.g.

Igotupatfiveyesterday,butIdidn’tgetupsoearlythismorning.

DidhewatchTVlastnight?IwasinGradeOnelastyear.1.與ago

連用：amomenttwominutesthreehoursfivedaysoneweeksixmonthsfouryearsago用于一般過去時的時間狀語lasttimenightweekmonthtermMondayyesterdaymorningafternooneveningthedaybeforeyesterday2.與last

連用3.與yesterday

連用：4.與one

連用：onemorningeveningdayMondayafternoon5.與that

連用：thatmorningwinterdayyearjustnowintheolddaysinthosedaysin1980theotherdayatthattimeonceuponatime6.其他時間狀語：1?？隙ň洌?/p>

主語+行為動詞過去式

主語

+

be動詞過去式(was/were)e.g.

Weplayedfootballyesterday.

Iwasintheofficelastnight.一般過去時的肯定句行為動詞一般過去時的否定式一般過去時的否定式是在動詞原形前加助動詞didnot(didn’t).主語+didn’t+動詞原形I

_________

themthenews.I____(tell)themthenewsyesterday.didn’t

telltold行為動詞一般過去時的疑問式一般過去時的一般疑問式在句首加助動詞didDid+主語+動詞原形……？They______(finish)theirworkatfour.一般疑問句:____they_____theirworkatfour?Yes,they_____.No,they_____.finishedDidfinishdiddidn’t行為動詞一般過去時的疑問式一般過去時的特殊疑問式疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形……？Theyfinishedtheirwork

atfour.AB對劃線部分提問A:B:What

did

they

doatfour?When

did

they

finishtheirwork?T注意1.外加助動詞did后,動詞須返回原形。Didhewenttoschoolyesterday?Didhegotoschoolyesterday?F2.簡略回答用助動詞did/didn’t代替行為動詞。Didhefindtheboyyesterday?－Yes,hedid.－No,hedidnot(didn’t).1.look2.live3.stop

4.go5.hope6.trip

7.call 8.eat9.want10.are11.go12.have13.do14.get 15.come16.say17.see18.put19.read

20.takelookedlivedstoppedwenthopedtrippedcalledatewantedwerewenthasdidgotcamesaidsawputreadtook寫出下列動詞的過去式21.buy22.sing23.hear24.make25.find26.break27.think28.fall29.write30.beboughtmadefoundbrokethoughtfellwrotewas/weresangheardI.改錯題HowisJaneyesterday?_____________________Hegetstoschoolatsixyesterday.______________Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth.__________Icanflykitessevenyearsago._______________Didyousawhimjustnow._______________Tomwasn’twatchTVlastnight._____________Ididmyhomeworklater._______________