英語句子分類講解與專項練習培訓講學

精品文檔句子TheSentences知識要點：句子按使用的目的可分為四類：、陳述句、疑問句3、祈使句4、感嘆句從結(jié)構(gòu)上看句子可分為三種類型：、簡單句、并列句3、復合句一、句子的種類Kindsof）、陳述句：肯定句Weourmotherland.我熱愛祖國。否定句TheydontoworkonSundays.他們星期日不上班。說明：敘述或否定一個事實或看法。、疑問句：（1一般疑問句：worker?你個人嗎？Iam.是的，我是工人。Haven’tyouseentheNo,Ihaven你沒看過這部電影嗎？沒看過。說明：以一個助動詞，情態(tài)動詞或動詞be開的問句?；卮鹨没?。（2特殊疑問句：is這是誰？youwatchTV?你么時間看電視？Whataretheydoing他現(xiàn)在正在干什么？說明：以一個疑問代詞或疑問副詞開頭的句子一般要用倒裝句語序（或稱為疑問詞加一般疑問）（3選擇疑問句：youcoffee?Eitherwilldo.你要茶水還是要咖啡？哪種都行。learnor他學日語還是學法語？他學法語。說明：提出兩個或兩個以上的情況，選擇一個作為答案。（4反意疑問句：aregoingaren’tthey?他要去機場，是嗎？You’tfinishedyourhomework,you?你做完作業(yè)，是嗎？說明：提出情況或看法問對方是否同意。在陳述句后附加一個簡短的疑問句，即前面句子肯定后為否定；前面句子否定，后為肯定。Hewentbedatdid他少在十點鐘上床睡覺？是嗎？Heknowslittle他幾乎不懂俄語，是嗎？說明：當陳述句部分含有no,hardly,seldom,little等否定意義副詞時，附加問句用肯定形式。祈使句a陳述句：suretogeteight.八點鐘一定要到那兒。．否定句：Don’tworry.Iyouout.別心，我會幫助你的。說明：表示命令，請求，叮囑，號召等，謂語動詞用原形。感嘆句感嘆句通常有引，表示美、驚嘆、喜悅、等感情what修名詞，how修飾形容詞，副詞或動詞，感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)主要有以下幾種：掌握它的搭配，即掌握了感嘆句的重點。How+容名詞+陳語序。例如boyheis!他多聰明的孩子！How+容詞或副+陳述語序。例如：lovelybabyis!小頭真可愛！精品文檔精品文檔What名詞陳語序。例如aremaking!他真！What形名詞+陳述語序。例如：Whatais!他是多聰明的孩子！What+形容+數(shù)名+陳述語序。例如：Whatwonderfulideas（wehave）!我們的主意真棒！What+形容+可數(shù)名+陳述語序。例如：Whatitis!多冷的天！What的省略形式為：boy!：Whatgreatchangeshavehadyears!這幾年我們有了多么大的變化啊！Whatitis!多的天呀！+：Howheis!他多么勇敢呀！+adv.：Howworking!他工作多努力呀！Howflies!時過得多么快呀！How+adj.a(an)+Howniceaboy(heis)=Whatniceheis!多好的孩子啊！說明：表示說話時驚異，喜悅，氣忿等情緒修名詞，how修形容詞、副詞或句子。二、句子的類型TypesSentences、簡單句的句子的類型：一個主+個謂語，例：Theplayspianoevery那女孩每天彈鋼琴。兩個主+個謂語，例：TomIarefriends.湯姆和我是好朋友。一個主+個謂語，例：Hedoorandleft.他開門出去了。兩個主語或兩個謂語或更多，例：MrSmithboughtandvisitedfriends.史密斯夫婦去市場，買了些水果，并看望了朋友。結(jié)構(gòu)特殊：只含有一個詞或一個詞組，例：Hello!喂Help!救命??！救命！thanks.萬感謝。、簡單句的基本句型TheSentence）句型結(jié)構(gòu)：（1主+不及物動詞+Vi.，：Birdsfly.鳥他消失了。（2主+連系動詞表語+V+，例：auniversitystudent.她一名大學生。Hehaspilot.他已成為一名飛行員。（3主+及物動詞賓語+Vt+，：Helikes他歡游泳。Weother.我互相幫助。（4主+及物動詞間接賓語直接賓語：+Vt++，例：Ifriendthe我好消息告訴了我的朋友。sentus他給我們拍了電報。（5主+及物動詞賓語+補語：+，例：精品文檔精品文檔the他給孩子起名叫杰克。Iwanteverythingreadybyeighto’clock.我求一切都要在八點前準備好。注：Subject（主語）Vi=IntransitiveVerbs不及物動詞Vt=TransitiveVerb（及動詞（表語）（賓語C=Complement補重點、難點：否定陳述句要注意下列幾點：否定陳述句主要是在肯定句中加not或not/any)構(gòu)的，除not和no外用具有否定意義的副詞也可構(gòu)成否定陳述句。常用的詞有hardly,seldom,never,barely,rarely等其他成分的否定形式有些句子的結(jié)構(gòu)上屬于肯定式，但含有否定意義的詞，可分以下幾種。否定的主語：willagreewithyou.沒人同意你的意見。like沒學生喜歡這本小說。herestudiesRussian.這里沒有一個學生學俄語。否定的賓語：Wesawinthedarkness.在黑暗中我們什么都看不見。Hewillbookfromnobody.他誰那都借不來這本書。mustremembertobelatefor你必須記住上課不準遲到。否定的狀語：herebybikebutonfoot.他不是騎車來的而是走著來的。Wecouldfindhimnowhere.我什么地方也找不他。（3不定代詞all,both,或everybody用否定句時，表示部分定。Allthetreeshereare(=Notalltreesare)這里的樹并非都是蘋果樹是蘋果樹，有的不是Bothofthesistersare(=Notbothofsisters這姐兒倆并不都是護士。Everybodycan’tdoit.(=everybodydoit.并不是人人都能做這件事?！緦ｍ椨柧氁?、陳述句和疑問句：、whentheyAwillB．willbeC．wereD．’t、—“Isyouruncleadriver?”——“.”ANo,butisB．Yes,butmyC．hedoesn、Wesatisfiedwiththeirwork.

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