歷年全國3卷英語高考真題語法填空規(guī)律總結(jié)與20年考點(diǎn)預(yù)測

全國3卷一一單詞填空規(guī)律發(fā)現(xiàn)&總結(jié)10個(gè)空中有三個(gè)沒給提示詞，有七個(gè)給出提示詞。沒給提示詞的三個(gè)空需要填介詞、連詞(簡單句連詞和從句引導(dǎo)詞)、冠詞(a/an/the)(1)連詞一一必考19年Itwasraininghardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlong (so)Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmastershadgreatexperience (who)18年I,mnotsureismorefrightened.(who)17年ButSarah,hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels.(who)16年Overtime,thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfood (when)SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,livedfromroughly551to479B.C.(who)【除2016年高考英語第一次改革后，單詞填空有四個(gè)沒有提示詞，六個(gè)有提示詞之外，17~19年均為3:7的比例。19/1716三年考察了定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，其中19年為限制性定從，1〃16年為非限制性定從。18年考察了賓語從句。這4年均考了引導(dǎo)詞who。］(2)介詞一一必考19年1個(gè)apackofdogs；18年1個(gè)besearchingforthese...；17年1個(gè)adegreeinengineering；16年1個(gè)mostpeopletraditionallyeatwiththeirhands?！究梢钥闯觯?9/18年介詞均為固定搭配，1〃16年則根據(jù)句子邏輯推測使用哪個(gè)介詞。］(3)非謂語動(dòng)詞一一必考1)不定式todo：19年1個(gè)itwouldtaketoget(get)there；18年1個(gè)heallowedmetostay(stay)andwatch；17年1個(gè)Sarahwantstoprove(prove)thatshe ；16年1個(gè)Skilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoodsandmentaltocreate(create)specialdesigns.【均可以用'語法七要素'解析：因?yàn)榍懊嬉呀?jīng)有一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞，所以其他的動(dòng)詞只能是非謂語，又因?yàn)閠odo表示將來含義，具有一定指向性。所以將所給動(dòng)詞改成todo形式符合語境。］2)現(xiàn)在分詞/動(dòng)名詞doing：19年1個(gè)wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,listening(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals；18年1個(gè)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlooking(look)directlyintohiseyes ；17年1個(gè)Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-termresting(rest).；16年1個(gè)Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,using(use)twigstoremoveit.【19/16年均為逗號(hào)之后的動(dòng)詞用-ing形式，18/17年均為固定搭配avoiddoingsth.(避免做某事)和spendtime(in)doingsth.(在做某事方面花了時(shí)間)。其實(shí)也可以用'語法七要素'來解析：由于前面已經(jīng)有一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞了，根據(jù)英語的絕對(duì)鐵律，后面的動(dòng)詞只能用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，而-ing形式的非謂語表示進(jìn)行或伴隨，符合語境。所以將所給動(dòng)詞改成-ing形式。］3)過去分詞done：(連續(xù)4年沒有考察)19年沒有直接考察過去分詞，而是考察了被動(dòng)語態(tài)bedone的形式，以及謂語動(dòng)詞的過去式didwewereinvited(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestarsOurhostssharedmanyoftheirexperienceandrecommended(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.18年沒有直接考察過去分詞，而是考察了動(dòng)詞+-ed變形容詞的形式，以及謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)didHedoesn,tfeelchallenged(challenge).Thehugeanimalmeant(mean)menorealharm.17年沒有直接考察過去分詞，而是考察了被動(dòng)語態(tài)bedone的形式。Sarahwastold(tell)thatshecouldbeBritainfsnewsupermodel 16年沒有直接考察過去分詞，而是考察了被動(dòng)語態(tài)bedone的形式。Trulyelegantchopsticksmightbemade(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.【高考英語題型改革以來，連續(xù)四年都沒有直接考察動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式，但是卻從側(cè)面出現(xiàn)了動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。在動(dòng)詞的變形中，有幾種雖然不是直接的過去分詞形式，卻也都與其相關(guān)聯(lián)。比如動(dòng)詞+ed不一定表示過去式或過去分詞，也可以表示形容詞；be+done表示動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)；部分動(dòng)詞的不規(guī)則變化中過去分詞和過去式長相相同。這三種也是?？夹问健！?4)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換一一必考1)動(dòng)詞變名詞：19年letusknowofaninterestingcompetition(compete)towatch.年sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithhereducation(educate).年includedthedevelopment(develop)ofchopsticks.2)動(dòng)詞變形容詞：18年sohedoesn,tfeelchallenged(challenge).3)名詞變形容詞：19年Theyalsosharedwithusmanytraditional(tradition)storiesaboutHawaii 4)名詞變名詞(復(fù)數(shù))：18年I,mascientist(science)whostudiesanimals 年shehasturneddownseveralinvitations(invitation)tostart 5)形容詞變副詞：19年 aboutHawaiithatwerehugely(huge)popularwithtourist.年Itiscertainly(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.年 withtwigswhichgradually(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.6)形容詞變最高級(jí):18年Hescreamstheloudest(loud)ofall.【要注意單詞的后綴，后綴可以表示詞性。有時(shí)可用根據(jù)后綴來推測單詞詞性的方法來做題。以下總結(jié)幾組?？己缶Y：-ion./-ist./-er./-or./-ment名詞后綴；-al./-ul./-ful.形容詞后綴；-ly副詞后綴。】(5)時(shí)態(tài)——必考1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：年MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,schoolcomes(come)first.2)一般過去時(shí)：19年Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperienceandrecommended(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.18年Thehugeanimalmeant(mean)menorealharm.16年Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsandwere(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.【時(shí)態(tài)知識(shí)點(diǎn)每年都會(huì)考察一道，大多數(shù)時(shí)候考察一般過去時(shí)，且多為動(dòng)詞的不規(guī)則變化。除了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)之外，目前還沒有考察過其他時(shí)態(tài)。不排除考察其他時(shí)態(tài)的可能，請(qǐng)考生重視。】(6)冠詞19年沒有考察，而是考察了連接詞里…that；18年atthetopofherlungs；17年asamodelinNewYork；16年沒有考察冠詞，而是考察了3個(gè)連詞(其中一個(gè)簡單句的，兩個(gè)從句的)和1個(gè)介詞?！竟谠~的知識(shí)點(diǎn)，除16年外連續(xù)三年都有考察。冠詞的使用，首先要根據(jù)整個(gè)句子來大概推測出應(yīng)該使用定冠詞還是不定冠詞，如果是不定冠詞，要仔細(xì)區(qū)分是用a還是an。］(7)被動(dòng)語態(tài)(一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)為難點(diǎn))19年wewereinvited(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars.17年Sarahwastold(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodel 16年Trulyelegantchopsticksmightbemade(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.【除18年外，其他三年都有考察。被動(dòng)語態(tài)的重點(diǎn)在于要弄清楚主語在句子中的地位，主語是動(dòng)作的承受者的話，那就要使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。這需要考生具備一定的單詞量和對(duì)句子的分析理解能力。］(8)人稱代詞：18年Iwasjustgladtofindthem(they)alive.【代詞的知識(shí)點(diǎn)在四年中只出現(xiàn)過一次，因?yàn)橄鄬?duì)簡單，所以考察概率很低。但也請(qǐng)考生不要忽略。］專題訓(xùn)練一、連詞專題二、介詞(短語)專題WhynotlookitupontheInternetifyouwanttoknowmoreinformation?Hefinishedhisworkwithinthreedayswiththeassistanceofhiscolleagues.Whoisinchargeofthecompany?Thesestudentswentoutoftheclassroomoneafteranother.Dinosaursfinallydiedoutafterapainfulstruggle.Thisbookisquitedifferentfromtheonethat’veeverreadbefore.Thescientist’sspeechopened_up_anewfiledofresearchforus.Tomwastrappedinthetrafficjamsothathewaslateforworkyesterday.IaccomplishedsomethingI’dneverdreamedof 1spokeinfrontofhundredsofpeople.Haveagoodrest,youneedtosaveyourenergyfor_thefootballmatchthisafternoon.Lifeinthecitywashardandmanypeoplewerereducedtobeggingonthestreets.*Thereisnothingcanexistapartfromitself.Officialsbelievethatmorethanonepersonmaybetoblameforthetrafficaccident.ThedictionaryiswhatIwant,butIdon'thaveenoughmoneywithme.Peterwilltakeuphispostastheheadofthetravelagencyattheendofnextmonth.Themid-termexamisaroundthecorner.Weshouldgetpreparedforit.Theirroleistoexposestudents_to_learningaboutdifferentreligionsinanobjectiveway.Mystudyofbiologyhastakenupmuchofmysparetime.三、冠詞專題 一一Theneighborsinourvillagearealwaysfriendlyandwillingtolendahand.HowdoyouturnthebigWhiteHouseintoahome,asweethome?Iwillturnthedarknessintolightbeforetheblindandmaketheroughplacessmooth.*Youmightaswellrelaxwhereveryouare,andhaveagoodtime,especiallywhenthingsdonotgoasplanned.It'sainfrastructureproblem you'vegottochargeyourcar,soyouneed=a=placetochargeit.Weallhold_the_beliefthatthosewhohave_a_wonderfulsenseofhumouraremorepopular.四、非謂語動(dòng)詞專題五、詞性轉(zhuǎn)化專題Mydaughterlikesbuyingjewelryandclothesforherselfwithimagesofcats(cat)onthem.Everydesignisanew_challenge_(challenging)forme.I’vebeenlearningthetablemanners(manner)forhoursbutstillcaritreallygetit.Ifwemakeourefforts,ourdreamwillturnintoreality(real).一Failure一(fail)doesn'tmeanyoushouldgiveup;itdoesmeanitwilltakealittlelonger.Theyhavemanypets,including(include)twolittlepigsandalovelyparrot.Anddayafterday,theoncebeautifulriverhasturnedintoa_smelly__(smell)dustbin.*Whentheydowhatyouwantthemtodo,praisethemgenerously(generous).Itwasmuchmoreenjoyable(enjoy)thanIhadexpected.Ihadagoodtime.*Ithinkhe,sthemostconsiderate(consider)manrveeverknown.*Historyisthebestteacher.Itfaithfully(faith)recordsthedevelopmentpathofeachcountryandforetellsthefuturetous.*Istillfinditterrifying(terrify)tofindmyselfsurroundedbylargenumbersofhorses.*Brazilhasabundant(abundance)landandwaterresources,andisalsoanagriculturalexportingsuperpower.Morelocalemploymentwillbecreated,particularly(particular)inserviceindustries.Itwasimpressive(impress)howsheknewhowtomanagepeopleandtoputthemintheirplace.Thefriendshipissodeepthatmostofthethingsareautomatically(automatic)understoodbyourfriends.*I’mnotexactlysurewhatshedoesthere,butitseemstoberelatedto_humorous_(humour)poems.Alargenumberofindependent(dependent)Africancountriesemergeatahistoricmoment.Itisobvious(obvious)thatChinacanmakeadifferenceintheworldtodayandtomorrow.Thetitlewillbeofficially(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.六、時(shí)態(tài)專題Asapopularteacher,heusually_encourages_(encourage)ustochallengeeverything.NeitheryounorIam(be)goingtoagreeuponanythingtoday.*Everyfewyears,thecoalworkershave(have)theirlungsX-rayedtoensuretheirhealth.John,ssuccesshasnothingtodowithgoodluck.Itisyearsofhardworkthat_hasmadehimwhatheistoday.Walmart,whichisoneofthelargestAmericansupermarketchains,keepssomeofitsstoresopen24hoursonMondaysthroughSaturdays.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachofwhichuses(use)itdifferently.Daniel,sfamilywillbeenjoying(enjoy)theirholidayinHuangshanthistimenextweek.**(#來進(jìn)行時(shí))Hisbrotherintroduced(introduce)usarightplacewherethefoodisniceenough.ThePrincessandtheFrogisafairymusicalthatdates(date)backtothedayswhenWaltDisneywasaperson,notabrand.Iasked(ask)younottotouchmynotebook—nowIcan,tfindit.Hersixbrotheraswellasherfather,aretrying(try)tocontrolheralwaysasifshehad“sevenfathers”.Parentswillneedtofullydevotethemselvestotheprocessiftheyget(get)involvedinhelpingtheirchildrenchooseauniversity.Thepalacecaughtfiresthreetimesinthelastcentury,andlittleoftheoriginalbuildingremains(remain)now.*【little表示‘沒有’；陳述事實(shí)用‘一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)’；remain是不及物動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)?！縏henumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversitieshasbeenrising(rise)steadilysince1990.*(現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí))HongKongOceanParkhasbecame(become)oneofthelargestmarineparksintheworldbynow.Kevinwasworking(work)threejobsduringthattime-hewasalawyeraswellaslecturingpart-timeandwritinghisbook.“John,afteraholidayparty,write(write)downthegoodthingsyoudidatthepartyinajournal.”*(祈使句)Iwalkedslowlythroughthemarket,wherepeoplewereselling(sell)allkindsoffruitsandvegetables.AsIhaveameetingatfour,tenminutes_is_(be)allthatIcansparetotalkwithyou.Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsis(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.*Itisimportanttostaycalmwhenanearthquakehappens(happen)allofasudden.NotonlyTombutalsoIhaveagoodcommandofpainting.Bothofusaregoodpainters.*ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuturebelongs(belong)tothewell-educated.Uptonow,theprogramhassaved(save)thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied.Thechurchtowerwhichisbeingrestored,(restore)willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.Manyastudentis(be)busywiththeirlessonswhenthefinalexamisdrawing.*【many+a+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(許多.?.)，后面的謂語用三單形式。】I’mcallingabouttheapartmentyouadvertised(advertise)theotherday.Couldyoutellmemoreaboutit?Allthescientificevidenceshows(show)thatincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarmingisdamagingourhealth.Iwascoming(come)tovisityoulaterthatday,butIhadtophoneandcancel.**(過去將來時(shí))【根據(jù)句意可知，come這個(gè)動(dòng)作在過去是本來將要發(fā)生的但是沒有發(fā)生，所以用過去將來時(shí)。又因?yàn)閏ome/go/arrive等表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞可以用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來，所以該題中用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去將來(類似于‘現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來’)】OnMondaymorningitusuallytakes(take)meanhourstodrivetoworkalthoughtheactualdistanceisonly20miles.MyfriendhasreturnedfromtheUK.She_studied_(study)atOxfordforfouryears,duringwhichwecommunicatedwitheachotherontheInternet.Unfortunately,whenIgottoherflat,shewasleaving(leave),sowehadonlyamomentforafewwords.Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcertscauseshearinglossinsometeenagers.Ihavefinishedalargepartofthework,therestofwhich_is_(be)verydifficult.七、被動(dòng)語態(tài)專題 一一Thenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeoplearepersuaded_(persuade)toeatmorefruitsandvegetables.InthespokenEnglishofsomeareasintheUS,the“r”soundsattheendofthewords_aredropped_(drop).Ihavejustreceivedanthermessage,tellingmeIhavewonabigprizes.IthinkIambeingcheat(cheat).*Alltheemployeesexceptthemanager_areencouraged_(encourage)toworkonlineathometoday.Allthepreparationsforthetravelhavebeencompleted(complete),andwe,rereadytostart.*WewillholdanEnglishSpeechContest,butwhenandwhere_hasn’tbeendecided(decide)yet.*Experimentsofthiskindhadbeenconducted,(conduct)inboththeU.S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.This