《任務(wù)型閱讀與解題策略》

Task-basedReadingbyYangWenlongfromNanyangSeniorHighSchool,Dafeng,YanchengLearningaims：Haveagoodknowledgeoftask-basedreading.Mastersomebasicskillsbyanalyzingandpractising.

在解題時首先應(yīng)弄清要完成的是什么“任務(wù)”，然后帶著“任務(wù)”閱讀文章，并查找信息、轉(zhuǎn)換信息、歸納信息等。

任務(wù)型閱讀是閱讀理解題的一部分,它要求考生根據(jù)文章提供的信息，用恰當?shù)脑~語完成相關(guān)圖表，并有一定詞數(shù)的限制。1.Whatistask-basedreading?2.Howtosolvetheproblemsrelatedtoit?Twocommonformsofdiagrams:

1)__________________________2)__________________________??In(71)_____Hewasborntoasinglemother.6weeksoldHe(72)_____asababybyRexanAulevaThomas.AttheageoffiveThomasspentyearsontheroadasRextraveledaround(73)_____.In1944Thomasstartedworkingat(74)_____inKnoxville,Tenn.15yearsoldHe(75)_____onhisown.In1954Thomas(76)_____Lorraine.In(77)_____HemetwithHarlandSanders.In1968Hebecamea(78)_____.In(79)_____ThomasstartedthefirstWendy’sOldFashionedHamburgers，inColumbus.In1993,graduatedfromCoconutGreatHighSchoolinFlorida.“TheDaveyousawonTVwastherealDave,”saidhisfriendPatWilliams,“Hewasn'tagreatactororagreatspeaker.HewasjustJoeEverybody."Andin2001,Thomas(80)_____.Table-shapeddiagram（表格狀圖表）2008、2009、2010、2015年江蘇高考的考查形式TheInternetTheInternetoffersinformationtous

Wecan(2)____InformationthroughouttheWorld,becausetheInternetcanConnectmillionsofcomputers.

TheInternetisoftencalledthe“informationsuperhighway”,becausevastofinformationtraveloverit.

TheInternetenablesusto(1)_____inanewway.

Thanksto(3)_____,wecankeepintouchwithotherswhereverweare.Ithaschangedthe(4)______oftalking.Throughit,wecantalkwithourstudentsinLondon.Ithasalsoenabledustoexchangeinformationat(5)_____speedthantraditionalcommunicativemethods.Withinashorttime,itletsus(6)______anotherpersonwhohasinterestin(7)____.(8)____theadvantages,weshouldbe(9)_____whenusingit,becauseitMaynotbe(10)_____ifsomeonehasaccesstoourreceivers’computer.

Tree-shapeddiagram（樹狀圖表）2011、2012、2013、2014年江蘇高考的考查形式

Whatabilitiesaretestedintask-basedreading?

1.Theabilitytosearchforthecorrectwordfromthecontext.（對應(yīng)為信息查找題）

2.Theabilitytouseaproperwordtoexpressasimilarmeaning.（對應(yīng)為信息轉(zhuǎn)換題）3.Theabilitytoconcludefromthecontext.

（對應(yīng)為信息歸納題）江蘇近3年高考任務(wù)型閱讀考情統(tǒng)計：年份201320142015體裁議論文議論文說明文話題責任心同齡人壓力兩種不同類型新聞考點分布信息查找題524信息轉(zhuǎn)換題242信息歸納題344ImproveourselvesbypractisingHowtosearchforthecorrectwordfromthecontext?Task1:Improveourselvesbypractising【典例1】Inthiskindofhigh-pressuresituation,manyleadersbothertheirassistantswithfrequentmeetingsorfloodtheirin-boxeswithurgentdemands.Leaderstendto________theirassistantstoooften.botherImproveourselvesbypractising【典例2】Whenconscientiousness(責任心)takestheformoflivinguptoexpectations,itcandiscouragecreativity.Increativeprofessionslikeartoradvertising,opennesstowildideasandspontaneity(自發(fā)性)arescarceandindemand.Conscientiousnesscan___________creativity,especiallyinprofessionscallingforimagination.discourageImproveourselvesbypractisingThistypeofinfluencecanalsogetafriendoffdrugs,ortohelpanadulttakeupagoodhabitordropabadone.【典例3】Positiveinfluencesaregoodgrades,teamspirits,andthebuilding-upofgood_______etc.habitsImproveourselvesbypractisingConclusion:

Locatethespecificsentenceforeachblanktogettheinformation.Payattentiontothecorrectformofthewordsothatitismeaningfulandgrammaticallytrue.ImproveourselvesbypractisingHowtouseaproperwordtoexpressasimilarmeaning?Task2:ImproveourselvesbypractisingNowadays,studyingabroadgainspopularityinChina.ManyrichparentswouldrathersendtheirchildrenabroadtoreceiveeducationthanletthembeeducatedinChina.Sendingchildrenabroadtoreceiveeducationis_________withmanyrichparentsinChina.

popular【典例4】ImproveourselvesbypractisingAndI’mnotalone:Inananalysisof225academicstudies,researchersfoundstrongevidenceofcause-and-effectrelationshipbetweenlifesatisfactionandsuccessfulbusinessoutcomes.The“happinessadvantage”effectis_______provedbyresearchfindings.strongly【典例5】ImproveourselvesbypractisingNewsofimmediatereward

paysitsrewardsatonce.Areadercanenjoyanindirectexperience

withoutanyofthedangersorstressesinvolved.

Newsofimmediaterewardwillseeminglytaketheirreaderstotheveryfrighteningscenewithoutactual____________.【典例6】involvementNewsofimmediaterewardwillseeminglytaketheirreaderstotheveryfrighteningscenewithoutactual____________.involvementImproveourselvesbypractising【典例7】Peopleselectnewsinexpectationofareward.Thisrewardmaybeeitheroftwokinds.Oneis

relatedtowhatFreudcallsthePleasurePrinciple,theothertowhathecallstheRealityPrinciple.Divisionofnewsstories●Peopleexpecttoget_________fromreadingnews.●……●……rewards/rewardedImproveourselvesbypractisingConclusion:

Locatethecontent,analyzethestructureandre-saythesentencebasedonourunderstanding.Also,payattentiontotheformofthewordsothatitismeaningfulandgrammaticallytrue.ImproveourselvesbypractisingHowtoconcludefromthecontext?Task3:Improveourselvesbypractising1.原因、結(jié)果：2.觀點、態(tài)度：3.評論、評價：4.方式、方法：5.異同點、優(yōu)缺點、長短處：6.目的、意圖：7.功能、作用：【常用概括性詞匯】reason(for),cause(of);result/consequenceopinion/view/point;attitude(to/towards)comment,remark,assessment,evaluationmethod,means,way(todo/ofdoing),approach(todoing);solution,measuredifference,similarity;advantage/benefit,disadvantage;strengths,weaknesses/drawback/shortcomingspurpose,aim,goal,target;intentionfunction8.建議：9.概括、總結(jié)：10.主題：11.特點：12.種類：13.影響：14.重要性、意義：15.情形、形勢：16.知識、信息：17.定義：advice(U),suggestion,tipsummary,conclusiontheme,topic,subjectfeature,characteristic,characterkind,type,sort,category,classinfluence,impact,effectsignificance,importance,meaningsituationknowledge,informationdefinition【典例8】Thankstoagrowingmiddle-class,andanincreasinglydevelopednetworkofroads,thenumberofcarownersinChinaisrapidlyincreasing.ChinareplacedtheUSandbecametheworld’slargestcarmarketwith13.6millionvehiclessold._________fortheincreasingnumberofcarowners.●Agrowingmiddle-class;●Adevelopednetworkofroads.

ReasonsImproveourselvesbypractisingLandscaping（景觀美化）ismoreorlessanartform,whichaimsatmodifyingorimprovingthelooksofaparticularareaorapieceoflandwiththehelpofvariousfeatures,likewalls,fountainsfence,lights,ponds,gardens,etc.

【典例9】Title:Landscaping_________Anartformaimedtomodifyorimprovethelooksofaparticularareaorapieceofland.

DefinitionImproveourselvesbypractisingAsthejob-huntingseasonkicksoff,manygraduatesaresufferingfromanxiety.Jobinterviewresultsarebecomingthemostcommonconversationtopicindormitories.Worriedaboutnotgettingsatisfactoryoffers,somestudentshavesleepproblems,ordisplaysymptomsofdepression.【典例10】Present__________

oncampus

●

Asthejob-huntingseasoncomes,moststudentsbecomeanxious.

●Studentstalk

mainlyaboutjobinterviewresultsindormitories.

●Somestudentsareworriedaboutnotgettingsatisfactoryjobsandfeeldepressed.situationImproveourselvesbypractisingConclusion:

Functionalwordscanbesummarizedaccordingtothedetailsinthediagram.ImproveourselvesbypractisingTestourselves

雄心抱負也有消極的方面，它會使人煩惱，無論你有多少成就或者多么努力，你總是覺得自己做得不夠，這種擔憂一直隱藏在你的內(nèi)心。然而，定期舉行自己的董事會、避免與別人比較、選擇性的自滿能夠讓你管理好自己的雄心抱負。只要你知道如何使用，雄心抱負就能發(fā)揮它的威力。GuidanceinChinese:Keys:1.Negative

根據(jù)第一段Whenambitionbothersyou,……Thiskindoffearalwaysstayshiddeninyou.可知，這是關(guān)于雄心抱負消極的方面。2.distinguish/tell/discriminate/differentiate

根據(jù)第二段Duringthemeeting,reviewyourgoals,analyzeyourperformanceovertheperiod.可知，在短時間內(nèi)你要檢查你的目標，分析你的表現(xiàn)。由reviewyourgoals可知，你需要區(qū)分近期目標與短期目標或者長期目標。

(review:examinecarefullyagainsothatyoucandecideifitisnecessarytomakechanges)3.comparisons/comparing

根據(jù)第三段Ifthisisthebenchmark（參照點）thatyoucompareyourselfto,it’stoughtofeellikeyou’redoingenough.可知，如果別人的成功是你與之比較的參照點，你會覺得自己做得不夠。所以我們要盡量避免與別人比較。4.immediately/instantly/quickly

根據(jù)第四段Therealityisthatcertainthingstaketime,regardlessofhowmuchyou’dlikethemtomovequicker可知，有些事情需要花時間，不會立刻完成。5.patient

根據(jù)第五段Somethingstakepatience……可知。1.Theabilitytosearchforthecorrectwordfromthecontext.（信息查找題