新概念第二冊(cè)第四單元第78課課件f非常全面

NewConceptEnglish2Lesson78TheLastOne?Wordsentitle calm nerve concentration suffer symptom temper appetite produce urge satisfaction delighted v.以……為名v.使鎮(zhèn)定n.神經(jīng)n.集中，專心v.受苦，受害n.癥狀n.脾氣n.胃口，食欲v.拿出v.力勸，慫恿n.滿意，滿足adj.欣喜的entitlev.以......為名；授權(quán)ifsomethingentitlesyoutosomething,itgivesyoutheofficialrighttohaveordoit那本小說被命名為《傲慢與偏見》。ThenovelisentitledPrideandPrejudice.這個(gè)執(zhí)照授權(quán)你可以賣藥。Thislicenseentitlesyoutoselldrug.Womenemployeesareentitledtoamaternityleaveofthreemonths.女性員工有權(quán)利休三個(gè)月的產(chǎn)假。beentitledto(do)sth.對(duì)...享有權(quán)利,值得;有(做某事)的資格[權(quán)利]記憶:en動(dòng)詞前綴，使..+title標(biāo)題=使有標(biāo)題）calmv.使鎮(zhèn)定；Igavethefrightenedchildsomecandiestocalmhim.我給那個(gè)嚇壞了的小孩一些糖果使他安靜下來。

adj.平靜的；Afteranightofstorm,theseaisnowcalm.一夜暴風(fēng)雨過后，大海現(xiàn)在很平靜。詞組拓展：keepcalm保持鎮(zhèn)定calmdown鎮(zhèn)定下來

calmbeforethestorm暴風(fēng)雨前的平靜相關(guān)表達(dá)：calmnessn.平靜,冷靜,鎮(zhèn)靜詞義辨析：calm,peaceful,quiet,stillcalm(relaxedandquiet,notangry,nervous,orupset)主要用于氣候、海洋“風(fēng)平浪靜的”，也可指人表示“安靜的”、“鎮(zhèn)靜的”

Theskyisblue,andtheseaiscalm.天空碧蘭，海上風(fēng)平浪靜。Althoughshewasfrightened,sheansweredwithacalmvoice.雖然她害怕，但還是用平靜的聲音回答。幾個(gè)意思相近的詞：Peaceful(apeacefultime,place,orsituationisquietandcalmwithoutanyworryorexcitement)指“和平的”表示“沒有騷擾和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的”，如：apeacefulenvironment和平環(huán)境。quiet(notmakingmuchnoise,ormakingnonoiseatall)指“沒有吵鬧聲的”、“沒有噪音的”,它強(qiáng)調(diào)“聲音很低、很少”或“全然無聲”,如:Hehadaquietlife.他過著寧?kù)o的生活。still(quietandcalm)指“沒聲音的”、“沒動(dòng)靜的”,如:thestillhoursbeforedawn黎明前的寂靜時(shí)刻。nerven.神經(jīng)EE英譯：thefeelingofbeingnervousbecauseyouareworriedoralittlefrightened他在演講的時(shí)候緊張死了。Hewasabundleofnerveswhenmakingthespeech.我喝了一大杯啤酒來鎮(zhèn)定我的神經(jīng)。Idrankalargeglassofbeertocalmmynerves.詞組拓展：getonsb.'snerves使人心煩不安；使人心神不定straineverynerve竭盡全力相關(guān)表達(dá)：nervousadj.神經(jīng)緊張的，不安的concentrationn.集中，專心周圍這么多噪音，我?guī)缀醪荒軐Ｐ淖x書。Icanhardlyconcentrateonreadingwithallthatnoisearound.作為一個(gè)同聲傳譯工作者，我必須非常集中精神地聽和翻譯。AsasimultaneoustranslatorImustlistenandtranslatewithgreatconcentration.相關(guān)表達(dá)：concentratev.集中記憶點(diǎn)撥：con（全部）—centr（中心）—ation（名詞后綴）（全部在中心）sufferv.受苦，受害；EE：toexperiencephysicalormentalpaintobeinaverybadsituationthatmakesthingsverydifficultforyou（受損失）我有嚴(yán)重的頭疼病。Ihavebeensufferingfromabadheadache.我的奶奶突然就去世了，沒受什么痛苦。Mygrandmotherdiedsuddenlyanddidn’tsuffer.Theenemyforcessufferedheavycasualties.敵方軍隊(duì)傷亡損失很大。stand(tobeabletoacceptordealwellwithadifficultsituation[=tolerate])指精神上堅(jiān)毅，有決心：Thepainwastoointensetostand.痛苦強(qiáng)烈得無法承受。Suffer(toexperiencephysicalormentalpain)側(cè)重指順從和克制Hesufferedtheirinsultsinsilence.他默默忍受他們所施加的傷害。Tolerate(tobeabletoacceptsomethingunpleasantordifficult,eventhoughyoudonotlikeit)主要用于指除痛苦之外的一些事情，含有盡管保留但勉強(qiáng)接受之意辨析:bear，endure(容忍），stand，suffer,tolerate（承認(rèn)，忍受）

bear(tobravelyacceptordealwithapainful,difficult,orupsettingsituation[=stand])廣義的指容忍各種事情的能力Hecan'tbearpeoplesmokingwhilehe'seating.他受不了別人在他吃飯的時(shí)候吸煙。endure(tobeinadifficultorpainfulsituationforalongtimewithoutcomplaining)尤指長(zhǎng)期面對(duì)痛苦、艱難的能力：Therearelimitstowhatthehumanbodycanendure.人體的忍耐力是有限的symptomn.somethingwrongwithyourbodyormindwhichshowsthatyouhaveaparticularillness癥狀；asignthataseriousproblemexists征兆Symptomsincludeheadachesandfever.癥狀包括頭疼和發(fā)燒。Coughisoneofthesymptomsofhavingpneumonia.咳嗽是肺炎的癥狀之一。Thetrikeisasymptomofthedelcinationofeconomy.這次罷工是經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的征兆。Thecrimerateisasymptomofsocialunrest.犯罪率是社會(huì)不安定的征兆。tempern.atendencytobecomeangrysuddenlyoreasily脾氣當(dāng)他看到室友正在用他的牙刷時(shí)他大發(fā)脾氣。Helosthistemperwhenhesawhisroommateusinghistoothbrush.Ifhecannotlearnhowtocontrohistemper,hewilllosthisjob.如果他不能學(xué)會(huì)控制他的脾氣，他就會(huì)失去工作。詞組拓展：keepone'stemper忍住氣；不發(fā)火loseone'stemper發(fā)火；生氣

outoftemper發(fā)火；動(dòng)怒相關(guān)表達(dá)：good-temperedadj.好脾氣的bad-temperedadj.壞脾氣的ill-tempered壞脾氣的even-tempered好脾氣的temperamantn.氣質(zhì)，性格anervoustemperament易緊張的性格appetiten.胃口，食欲吃了太多冰激凌讓我都沒胃口了。Toomuchicecreamspoiledmyappetite.游泳讓我胃口大增。Swimminggivesmeagreatappetite.詞組拓展：lose/have/spoil/giveappetite失去食欲，有食欲，破壞食欲，促進(jìn)食欲諺語(yǔ):Appetitecomeswitheating.[諺]胃口越吃越大(貪得無厭)。Agoodappetiteisagoodsauce.[諺]饑不擇食。producev.toshow,bringout,oroffersomethingsoitcanbeseenorconsidered

拿出；生產(chǎn)；n.農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)品Theoldmanproducedhispassporttotheofficerwithtremblinghands.老人用顫抖的雙手把護(hù)照拿給長(zhǎng)官看。Ifyoucannotproducemoreevidence,youwillbesentencedtodeath.如果你不能拿出更多的證據(jù)你就會(huì)被判死刑。Grapesproducedinthisfarmaremailyusedtomakewine.這個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)產(chǎn)出的葡萄主要用于造酒。相關(guān)表達(dá)：productn.產(chǎn)品，產(chǎn)物productionn.生產(chǎn)yieldv.出產(chǎn),生長(zhǎng)urgev.tostronglyadvisesomeonetodosomething力勸，慫恿；n.強(qiáng)烈欲望Jackurgedmetoresignandstartmyownbusiness.JACK慫恿我辭職自己創(chuàng)業(yè)。Iurgedthatyouconsiderthisdecisioncarelly.我勸你仔細(xì)考慮這個(gè)決定。Ifeltasuddenurgetosmoke.我有強(qiáng)烈的想吸煙的欲望。相關(guān)表達(dá)：urgentadj.急迫的，緊張的satisfactionn.afeelingofhappinessorpleasurebecauseyouhaveachievedsomethingorgotwhatyouwanted滿意，滿足她從幫助別人的過程中得到很大的滿足感。Shegotgreatsatisfactionfromhelpingothers.Helookedathispaintingwithasmileofsatisfaction.他看著他的畫，露出滿意的微笑。相關(guān)表達(dá)：satisfyv.使?jié)M意satisfactoryadj.令人滿意的satisfiedadj.感到滿意的dissatisfactionn.不滿delighted,adj.verypleasedandhappy欣喜的Wearedelightedthatthepresidentwillbewatchingourperformance.總統(tǒng)將要觀看我們的演出，我們很高興。Wearedelightedtoknowourbestfriendhadalovelybaby.我們欣喜的得知我們最好的朋友生了一個(gè)可愛的孩子。JonewasdelightedwhenshereceivedtheadmissionsletterfromHarwardUniversity.Jone接到哈佛大學(xué)的錄取通知書時(shí)非常高興。相關(guān)表達(dá)：delightn.欣喜詞義辨析：都含“快樂”、“愉快”意思的詞語(yǔ)pleasuredelightjoypleasure（thefeelingofhappiness,enjoyment,orsatisfactionthatyougetfromanexperience）是常用詞,指“以任何形式表現(xiàn)出的或默默的快樂與滿足”。如:幫助你是我的快樂。It'smypleasuretohelpyou.delight（afeelingofgreatpleasureandsatisfaction）語(yǔ)意比pleasure強(qiáng),指“極大的快樂”,尤指“以一種活潑的態(tài)度表現(xiàn)出來的快樂”,如:Thechildclappedhishandsindelight.那孩子高興得拍起手來。joy（greathappinessandpleasure）指“高興地表現(xiàn)出來的更強(qiáng)烈的快樂和愉快的情緒”,如:Successbroughthergreatjoy.成功給她帶來極大的快樂。QstothetextWhatdidtheauthordoafterreadinganarticleentitled‘CigaretteSmokingandYourHealth’?Whydidhiswifesufferduringtheweekwhenhedidn’tsmoke?Whatdidhisfriendsdoduringthatweek?Whathappenedattheparty?【課文講解】1、Afterreadinganarticleentitled'CigaretteSmokingandYourHealth'Ilitacigarettetocalmmynerves.anarticleentitled題名為……的文章在英語(yǔ)中，文章名與書名中的每個(gè)單詞的第一個(gè)字母均大寫，不在開頭位置的連詞、冠詞、小品詞除外。lit（light，light）v.點(diǎn)燃Ilitacigarette.lightedadj.被點(diǎn)燃的Thisisalightedcigarette.2、Myfriendskeptonofferingcigarettesandcigars.keepondoingsth.=continuedoingsth.持續(xù)不斷的做Thechildwascryingloudly,buthekeptonwatchingTV.cigarn.雪茄offersb.sth.給某人某物3、TheymadenoefforttohidetheiramusementwheneverIproducedapacketofsweetsfrommypocket.makeeveryeffort盡全力，盡一切努力Hemadeeveryefforttoget/atgettingthejob.makenoeffort根本不作努力，毫不費(fèi)力makenoefforttopersuadehimShewrotetheletterwith/withouteffort.她費(fèi)力/毫不費(fèi)力地寫了那封信。makeeffort+todosth.努力做……nomatterwhen=whenever無論何時(shí)nomatterwho=whoever無論是誰nomatterwhere=wherever無論在哪里nomatterhow無論怎樣4、WhenmyoldfriendBrianurgedmetoacceptacigarette,itwasmorethanIcouldbear.wasmorethanIcouldbear=Icouldn'tbearmorethan后面跟一個(gè)從句或一個(gè)形容詞時(shí)可以表示“超出”（多用于口語(yǔ)）：Hewasmorethanpleasedwithhisnewroom.ThiswasmorethanIhadexpectd.5、Anyway,asBrianpointedout,itistheeasiestthingintheworldtogiveupsmoking.anyway不管如何AnywayIlovehim.Thankyouanyway.pointout=explain指出，指明Whydidn’tyoupointouthismistaketohimatthattime?Hepointedoutthatwestillhadtogetafewotherthings.【SpecialDifficulties】與keep有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞keepon+doingsth.反復(fù)，持續(xù)Myfriendskeptonofferingmecigarettes.Hekeptonsayingthathewastired.他不斷地說他累了。keepoff不靠近，從……離開Keepofftheflowerbed.請(qǐng)勿進(jìn)入花壇。Keepyourhandsoffthefood.別動(dòng)吃的東西。keepawayfrom（使……）不靠近，避開Whydoyoualwayskeepawayfromme?你為什么總躲著我？Keepthechildrenawayfromtheriver.別讓孩子們?nèi)ズ舆?。keepitup不松勁，保持成績(jī)，繼續(xù)下去You'vemademuchprogress.Keepitup!你已取得了很大進(jìn)步。繼續(xù)努力！keepupwith跟上，不落在……后面Inordertokeepupwithhisclassmates,heworkedharderthanever.為了跟上同學(xué)，他比以往任何時(shí)候都更努力。keepout（使）留在外面，（使）不進(jìn)入Heshutallthedoorsandwindowstokeepoutthewind.為了擋風(fēng)，他關(guān)上了所有的門窗16,000-voltpowerline.Keepout!16,000伏高壓線，不可靠近！keepin（把……）留在里面／關(guān)在屋里，不出外It'sverycoldtoday.We'dbetterkeepin.今天很冷。我們最好別出去。Whenthedogwaskeptin,itbarkedloudly.那條狗被關(guān)在屋里時(shí)狂吠不止。SentenceandExpressionsMyfriendskeptonofferingmecigarettesandcigarskeep(sb.)away(fromsth.)（使）某人離開（某物）keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事keepsth.inmind記?。呈挛铮﹌eepback忍?。ㄑ蹨I），扣下，隱瞞keepintouchwith與……保持聯(lián)系keepoff遠(yuǎn)離，避開，讓開keepupwith跟上，不落在后面Keep短語(yǔ)舉例summaryHavingreadanarticleonsmoking,thewritersmokedhislastcigarette.Hedidnotsmokeforaweekandhiswifesufferedbecausehehadabadtemperandalargeappetite.Meanwhilefriendsofferedhemcigarettesandwereamusedtoseehimproduceapacketofsweetsfromhispocket.Whenhewenttoaparty,heacceptedacigarettewhichhewasofferedbyafriendandsincethenthingshavereturnedtonormal.VocabularyVerb–現(xiàn)代式現(xiàn)代式(單數(shù))過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞readreadsreadreadreadingentitleentitlesentitledentitledentitlinglightlightslighted/litlighted/litlightingcalmcalmscalmedcalmedcalmingsmokesmokessmokedsmokedsmokingsuffersufferssufferedsufferedsufferinggivegivesgavegivengivingkeepkeepskeptkeptkeepingofferoffersofferedofferedofferingmakemakesmademademakingVocabularyVerb–現(xiàn)代式現(xiàn)代式(單數(shù))過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞hidehideshidhid/hiddenhidingproduceproducesproducedproducedproducinggogoeswentgonegoingfeelfeelsfeltfeltfeelingurgeurgesurgedurgedurgingacceptacceptsacceptedacceptedacceptingbearbearsboreborn/bornebearingtaketakestooktakentakingreturnreturnsreturnedreturnedreturningpointpointspointedpointedpointingVocabularyatallterriblyenormousextremelyuncomfortableguiltilydelightednormalpointoutgiveupadv.根本adv.可怕地,十分adj.巨大的,龐大的adv.極端地,非常地adj.不舒服的,不安的adv.罪地,有罪地adj.欣喜的,快樂的adj.正常的,正規(guī)的v.指出v.放棄Others–Vocabularyarticlecigarettehealthnerveconcentrationpleasuresymptomtemperappetitecigareffortamusementpacketsweetpocketsatisfaction文章香煙健康神經(jīng)集中,專心愉快[醫(yī)]癥狀脾氣,情緒食欲,胃口雪茄努力娛樂,消遣,娛樂活動(dòng)小包裹糖果衣袋,口袋滿意,滿足Nouns–重難點(diǎn)練習(xí)：1

awayfrom2

off3

up4

on5

out6

upwith7

in多選答案：1.a根據(jù)課文第1句Afterreadinganarticleentitled…可以判斷，只有a.Somethinghehadread與課文的內(nèi)容相符，其他3個(gè)選擇都與課文內(nèi)容不符，所以只能選a.2.c根據(jù)課文第10-11行，只有c是課文所暗示的情況，其他3個(gè)選擇都與課文實(shí)際內(nèi)容不符，所以應(yīng)選c.3.b這是一個(gè)一般過去時(shí)疑問句，因?yàn)榍懊嬗弥鷦?dòng)詞Did提問，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用原形才符合語(yǔ)法。a.lit是light的一種過去式和過去分詞；c.lighted也是light的過去式和過去分詞；d.lighting是light的現(xiàn)在分詞。以上3個(gè)選擇都不是動(dòng)詞原形，所以都不能選。只有b.light是動(dòng)詞原形，最合乎語(yǔ)法，所以選b.4.b只有b.on是正確的，因?yàn)樵摼渲械闹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞concentrate后面只能跟介詞on才符合習(xí)慣用法。concentrateon意思是“全神貫注于，專心于”，其他3個(gè)詞都不能同concentrate搭配使用。5.c只有