初中英語語法非謂語動詞

非謂語動詞初中英語非謂語動詞知識點總結(jié):

非謂語動詞主要指在句中不能充當謂語，而是充當其他語法功能的動詞。非謂語動詞有三種：動詞不定式、動名詞和分詞（包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞），現(xiàn)在分詞和動名詞又統(tǒng)稱為動詞的-ing形式。非謂語動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化.

在中考中，對不定式和動名詞的考查最多，尤其是疑問詞+不定式，不定式作賓補，及只能用動詞-ing形式作賓語的情況?？疾樾问酵ǔ閱芜x、句型轉(zhuǎn)化、完成句子等。非謂語動詞動詞不定式動名詞分詞replay動詞不定式基本形式及特點用法注意事項返回主頁動詞不定式（1）基本形式：

to+動詞原形（在某些情況下可以不帶to）（2）特點：

A.沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化B.可以有自己的賓語和狀語

返回主頁動詞不定式(3)用法：A、作主語，如Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.=It’snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.

注意：不定式短語作主語如果太長，常用it作形式主語，將不定式后置。除動詞be外，動詞take也常用于上述結(jié)構(gòu)。B、作表語，如Theimportantthingistofinishtheworkontime.返回主頁動詞不定式作賓語C、動詞+todo(下面的11個動詞必須準確記憶）動詞+疑問詞+todo

動詞+it(形式賓語）+賓補+todo常見動詞有agree,decide,fail（失敗）,hope,wish,want,plan，promise(發(fā)誓）,

seem（似乎）,expect（期望）,happen（todo碰巧）Idon’tknowwhattodo.IfinditimportanttolearnEnglish.返回主頁動詞不定式D、作賓補動詞+賓語+todo

動詞+賓語+doLiMeiaskedmetoshowherthenewdictionary.注：有以上結(jié)構(gòu)的常用動詞有tell.wish,ask,want,like,beg（乞求）,

invite,warn（警告）,

allow（允許）,encourage（鼓勵）,advise（建議）等。(不帶to的不定式)

注：常用的動詞是：感官動詞see,hear,feel,watch,notice用于often的句中；

使役動詞have,make,let.返回主頁E、作狀語可以表目的、表結(jié)果、表原因F、作定語（必須后置）動詞不定式返回主頁Ihavesomethingtosay.It’sthebestwaytohelphim.Marryopenedthedoorforhimtocomein(目的）

.大家來說說什么情況下用do（動詞原形）?1、hadbetter后2、使讓動詞make,let,have用于主動語態(tài)時。3、感官動詞see,hear,watch,feel,notice用在“經(jīng)?！钡闹鲃诱Z態(tài)時。4、please的后面5、Whynot/Whydon’tyou后6、情態(tài)動詞之后。注意：

在學習動詞不定式的時候還有兩點要注意哦！1、在感官動詞和使役動詞后作賓補時，不定式可省略to,但以上詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，要加上to,如Ialwayssawherplaytheviolin.Hewasmade

towork

12hoursaday.返回主頁2、動詞不定式的否定形式為：

not+todoMr.Smithaskedtheboy___________(notplay)thiskindofgame.

nottoplayPleasehavehim__________(notdo)somuchhousework.

notdo返回主頁在“Itis+形容詞+ofsb+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，形容詞往往表示人物的性格和特征，如kind,clever,wrong,right,foolish,stupid,careless,impolite,honest,naughty等。在“Itis+形容詞+forsb+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，形容詞通常表示事物的性質(zhì)，如important,possible,impossible,difficult,hard等。

比較

ItisgoodofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.

你真好，幫助我學英語。

(強調(diào)you的特征=Youaregoodtohelpme.)

Itisgoodforyoutogiveupsmoking.

戒煙對你有好處。

(強調(diào)的是giveupsmoking這一行為=Foryoutogiveupsmokingisgood.)

Itis+形容詞+for/ofsb+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)動名詞基本形式及特征用法注意返回主頁動名詞基本形式特點動詞原形+ing

具有名詞、動詞的一些特征。返回主頁動名詞用法1、作主語Pickingapplesismuchbetterthanhavingclasses.2、作賓語（1）只能接動名詞做賓語的動詞有miss（錯過）,finish,mind,keep,practice,enjoy,spend,suggest（建議）等。返回主頁動名詞（2）既可接動詞不定式又可接動名詞作賓語的動詞有兩類：意義區(qū)分不大：begin,start,like,love,hate,

prefer（更喜歡）

等。a.意義不同：remember,forget,stop,goon,

try

等b.返回主頁動名詞3、作表語Hisfavoritesportisplayingbasketball.

4、作定語

finishing

line（終點線）返回主頁注意兩點1、動名詞的復合結(jié)構(gòu)為：名詞所有格形容詞性物主代詞+動名詞Doyoumind_________thewindow?metoopenb.Iopenc.myopeningd.mineopeningc返回主頁2、動名詞的習慣用語：a.It’snousedoingsth.b.can’thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事。c.feellikedoingsth.d.bebusydoingsth.e.Nodoing返回主頁動名詞和不定式的用法區(qū)別：無論做什么成分：

動名詞都表示“正在”或“一貫”不定式表示“一次”或“將要”分詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞返回主頁現(xiàn)在分詞基本形式：動詞原形+ing過去分詞基本形式：規(guī)則動詞加ed

或不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞developingcountrydevelopedcountry返回主頁現(xiàn)在分詞用法及意義：1，表示正在進行2，表示伴隨狀態(tài)過去分詞用法及意義：作定語：1，前置定語表示已經(jīng)完成

2，后置定語表示被動HaveaHaveaTRest?est?返回主頁listentoasongandhavearestHidingfromtherainandsnow

TryingtoforgetbutIwon’tletgo

Lookingatacrowdedstreet

Listeningtomyownheartbeat

Somanypeopleallaroundtheworld

TellmewheredoIfindsomeonelikeyougirl

Takemetoyourhearttakemetoyoursoul

GivemeyourhandbeforeI’mold

Showmewhatloveis-haven’tgotaclue

Showmethatwonderscanbetrue

Theysaynothinglastsforever

We’reonlyheretoday

Loveisnowornever

Bringmefaraway

Takemetoyourhearttakemetoyoursoul

Givemeyourhandandholdme

Showmewhatloveis-bemyguidingstar

It’seasytakemetoyourheart

Standingonamountainhigh

Lookingatthemoonthroughaclearbluesky

Ishouldgoandseesomefriends

Buttheydon’treallycomprehend

Don’tneedtoomuchtalkingwithoutsayinganything

AllIneedissomeonewhomakesmewannasing

返回主頁Areyouready?返回主頁總結(jié)與思考什么情況下用todo?什么情況下用doing?什么情況下用do?1.

Thankyoufor

ussowell.A.toteachB.teachesC.taughtD.teaching2.

Ioftendosome

onSundays.A.washedB.towashC.washingD.washes3.

Theboy

JackinClassOneismybrother.A.callB.tobecalledC.callingD.called4.

Itoftentakesmehalfanhour

home.A.WalkingB.towalkC.walkedD.walks5.

Don’tforget

hercleanwatereveryday.A.togiveB.givingC.givenD.give

6.Ithinkitisimportant

Englishwell.A.learningB.learnC.tolearnD.learned7.

Thefunnystorymadeusall

hard.A.laughB.tolaughC.laughingD.laughed8.

Ourteachertoldus

hardatourlessons.A.toworkB.workC.workingD.worked

9.Couldyoutellme

thisnewspaper?A.

toreadhowB.howtoreadC.

whattoreadD.whatread10.Idon’tknow

next.A.

whattodoB.whattodoitC.howtodoD.tohowdoit11.

Myhairistoolong,soImusthaveit

thisafternoon.A.cutB.cutsC.cuttingD.cutted12.

Remember

lateforclassagain.A.

nottoB.benottoC.

nottobeD.nottocome

13.

MrSmithaskedtheman

thequeue(跳隊—夾塞）.A.

notjumpB.didn’tjumpC.

nottojumpD.tonotjump

14.Whynot

withus?Yousee,it’svery

.A.

go;interestedB.go;interestingC.

togo;interestedD.going;interesting15.–Whatabout

tothecinematonight?--That’sagoodidea.I’dlike

withyou.A.

going;goingB.togo;togoC.

going;togoD.go;going16.Everyonehereisbusy

readforthecomingentrancetests（入學考試）.A.

getB.togetC.gettingD.gets

17.we’veworkedfortwohours.Let’s

arest.A.

stoptohaveB.stophavingC.

tostoptohaveD.stoppinghaving18.

Wouldyoumind

meafavor（幫我一下）？

A.

doB.togoC.doingD.did19.

MrWangaskedme

him.A.

helpB.helpsC.tohelpD.helping20.

PleasetellJimnot

lateagain.A.

toB.beC.tobeD.beto23.Pleasedon’tforget

tome,willyou?A.

towriteB.writingC.write22.Theboywants

hisfatheraquestionaboutthemoon.askingB.toaskC.askD.asked21.MissYangaskedtheboy

,thebabywassleepingintheroom.A.

tostoptosingB.tostopsingingC.stopsingingD.stoptosing

25.

It’saboutsixo’clock,Let’s___suppernow.A.

stophavingB.tostophavingC.

stoptohaveD.tostoptohave26.We’dbetter___ontheroad.Acarmayhitus.A.

nottoplayB.notplayC.tonotplayD.don’tplay24.

Motherdecided____Tomawayfromschool（輟學.A.

tokeepnotB.keepnotC.

nottokeepD.notkeep29.

Ioftenseethem—withsomeforeigners.A.

talkB.totalkC.talkingD.talked30.

Hesayslifewon’tbeworth—withoutlove.A.

liveB.livingC.livingD.tolive27.

LiuMeihelpedtheTurners—theirticketsonthe