【英語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題20套(帶答案)

【英語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題20套(帶答案)一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解1．閱讀理解

Expertsnotethatanunhealthylifestylecanputyouatgreatriskofheartdiseaseandstroke.Sodoctorsurgeustoeathealthyfoods,getexercise,stopsmokingandlimitouralcoholintake.Butthereissomethingelseyoucando.Anditisfreeandeasy.Smile!

Dr.Chockalingam,aheartdiseasespecialistinColumbia,adviseshispatientstosmile.Hesaysasmilemaybeonewaytohelpyourheart."Whenwesmile,thebrainwiringchanges.Thechemicalsthatarereleasedaremorepositive."Hesayssmilingisthefirststepinfightingphysicalandemotionalstressanditssometimesharmfuleffectsonhumanhealth.ThisisnotjustNewAgeadvice.Severalstudiessupporthisopinion.

Whenyoufeelstressedorunderpressure,yourbodyreleasesmanynaturalhormones(荷爾蒙)includingadrenalineandcortisol.Adrenalineincreasesyourheartrateandbloodpressure.Cortisolisthebody'smainstresshormone.Itincreasessugarinthebloodstream.Ifyouaretrulyindanger,thesehormonescanhelpyou.Theyarepartofwhatwecallourfight-or-flightresponse.

However,whenwearestressedforalongperiod,thesestresshormonesareever-presentinourbodies.Andthat,medicalresearcherswarn,mayleadtohealthproblems.

Researcherssaytheconnectionbetweenstressandheartdiseaseisstillunclear.However,theyclaimthatwhenpeoplearestressedforlongperiodsoftime,theymayhaveanunhealthylifestyle,whichcanleadtohealthproblems.

Dr.Chockalingamsaysasmilemaybeonewaytohelp.Hetellshispatientstosmile20timesanhour.Tosome,thatmightseemlikealotofsmiling.Orsomemightevenfeelfoolish...smilingforseeminglynoreason.Butasmiledoesnotinvolvedrugs.Itisnotinvasivelikeasurgicaloperation.Itisfreeandithasnobadsideeffects.

"Oncepeoplesmile,theyarerelaxing.Thisrelaxationdirectlylowersbloodpressure,improvessugarlevelsintheblood.Ifwearesmiling,wearebreakingthatlinkbetweenstressandhealth."Anditjustmayprovidealittleextraprotectiontoeveryone'shearthealth.（1）WhichofthefollowingagreeswithDr.Chockalingam'sopinion?A.Smilehasthesameeffectsaslaughter.B.Smilecanbeusedtotaketheplaceofmedicine.C.Smileisbetterthananyhealthylifestyletohealth.D.Smilecanmakeourbodyproducebeneficialchemicals.（2）Whatcanweknowaboutthementionedstresshormones?A.Theycanlowerourbloodpressure.B.Theywillsurelyleadtoheartdiseases.C.Theycanbenefituswhenweareindanger.D.Theywillmakeusliveanunhealthylifestyle.（3）WhydoesDr.Chockalingamthinksmilingishelpfultoourhealth?A.Itcanmakeusrelax.B.Itincreasessugarlevels.C.Ithaslittlebadsideeffects.D.Itcanhappenfornoreason.（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AThoroughAnalysisoftheCausesofHeartDiseasesB.OneThingYouCanDoRightNowtoHelpYourHeartC.OneThingThatIsCloselyConnectedwithStressHormonesD.TheClearConnectionBetweenUnhealthyLifestylesandHeartDiseases【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，哥倫比亞的心臟病專(zhuān)家Chockalingam博士建議多保持微笑，他認(rèn)為微笑可能是幫助心臟的一種方式。同時(shí)說(shuō)明了微笑有利于健康的原因和人們感到壓力時(shí)的身體反應(yīng)等情況。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Whenwesmile,thebrainwiringchanges.Thechemicalsthatarereleasedaremorepositive.”當(dāng)我們微笑時(shí)，大腦的線(xiàn)路會(huì)發(fā)生變化。釋放出的化學(xué)物質(zhì)更積極。可知，Chockalingam博士認(rèn)為微笑能使我們的身體產(chǎn)生有益的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ifyouaretrulyindanger,thesehormonescanhelpyou.”如果你真的有危險(xiǎn)，這些荷爾蒙會(huì)幫助你?？芍?，當(dāng)我們處于危險(xiǎn)中時(shí)，壓力荷爾蒙可以幫助我們。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Ifwearesmiling,wearebreakingthatlinkbetweenstressandhealth.Anditjustmayprovidealittleextraprotectiontoeveryone'shearthealth.”如果我們微笑，我們就打破了壓力和健康之間的聯(lián)系。而且它可能會(huì)為每個(gè)人的心臟健康提供一點(diǎn)額外的保護(hù)?？芍?，Chockalingam博士認(rèn)為微笑可以使我們放松，從而有利于我們的健康。故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第二段中的“Dr.Chockalingam,aheartdiseasespecialistinColumbia,adviseshispatientstosmile.Hesaysasmilemaybeonewaytohelpyourheart.”哥倫比亞的心臟病專(zhuān)家Chockalingam博士建議他的病人保持微笑。他說(shuō)，微笑可能是幫助心臟的一種方式。以及結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容主要介紹了微笑能夠讓我們放松進(jìn)而有利于我們的健康，所以要健康那就要多微笑，所以選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Planyourdreamvacationtooneoftheseexcellentdestinations.

St.Lucia

AbundantrainforestsandsplendidmountainsareallreasonstovisitthisCaribbeanisland.St.Luciaofferstheperfectmixofrelaxationandadventure.Totakeinthebreathtakingscenery,plantohikethePitonMountainsordiveinthewatersofAnseChastanet.

Banff.Alberta

ThisCanadiandestinationwillbringouttheexplorerinanyonewhovisits.Fromhikingandwhitewaterraftingtoskiingandsnowboarding,Banffofferstravelersanabundanceofyear-roundoutdooractivities.TheLakeLouiseSkiResortisoneofthelargestinNorthAmericaandthestrikingphotoopportunitiesoftheCanadianRockiesfromMoraineLakecan'tbeunderestimated(低估).

MachuPicchu

Accordingtotravelers,avisittothisPeruvianUNESCOWorldHeritage(遺產(chǎn))siteisaonce-in-a-lifetimeadventure.LocatedintheAndesMountains,itisthemostfamiliaricon(象征物)ofIncacivilization.SpendafewdaysaccustomingyourselftothealtitudeintheneighboringcityofCusco,whereyoucanexperienceamixofIncanandSpanishcultures.

GreatBarrierReef

It'seasytoseewhytheGreatBarrierReefisoneoftheSevenNaturalWondersoftheWorld–itstretchesnearly1,500milesalongtheeasterncoastlineofAustraliaandfeaturesabout3,000reefs,900islandsandmorethan1,500speciesoffish.Travelerscanseetheseamazingnaturalstructuresfromtheairorunderwater.However,largeamountsofcoralbleaching(褪色)causedbyrisingoceantemperaturesputthisplace'scontinuedexistenceatrisk,soplanyourvisitsoontoseethisawesomesightupclose.（1）WhatcanyouenjoybothinSt.LuciaandBanff?A.

Hiking.

B.

Skiing.

C.

Diving.

D.

Snowboarding.（2）Wheremayahistorianchoosetogo?A.

St.Lucia.

B.

Banff.Alberta.

C.

MachuPicchu.

D.

GreatBarrierReef（3）WhatdoweknowabouttheGreatBarrierReef?A.

It'sonthewesterncoastofAustralia.

B.

It'sfamousforcoralreefsratherthanfish.C.

Peoplemusttakeaplanetoenjoyitsbeauty.

D.

Itmaydisappeariftemperaturekeepsonrising.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四處假期極好的去處及各自特色。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)St.Lucia部分中的“plantohikethePitonMountainsordiveinthewatersofAnseChastanet.”和Banff.Alberta部分中的“Fromhikingandwhitewaterraftingtoskiingandsnowboarding,Banffofferstravelersanabundanceofyear-roundoutdooractivities.”可知在St.Lucia和Banff人們都可以徒步旅行，故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)MachuPicchu部分中的“avisittothisPeruvianUNESCOWorldHeritage(遺產(chǎn))siteisaonce-in-a-lifetimeadventure.和SpendafewdaysaccustomingyourselftothealtitudeintheneighboringcityofCusco,whereyoucanexperienceamixofIncanandSpanishcultures.”可知?dú)v史學(xué)家們可以在這里參觀(guān)聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)遺址，體驗(yàn)印加文化和西班牙文化的融合。故選C。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)GreatBarrierReef部分中的“l(fā)argeamountsofcoralbleaching(褪色)causedbyrisingoceantemperaturesputthisplace'scontinuedexistenceatrisk,soplanyourvisitsoontoseethisawesomesightupclose.”可知海洋溫度升高造成大量珊瑚褪色，對(duì)大堡礁的存在造成了威脅。由此可推斷如果溫度繼續(xù)升高，大堡礁可能會(huì)消失。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇介紹類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Asthedaysgetshorterandthechillyweatherrollsin,weallwanttocurlupinablanketandhibernateuntilspringrollsaround.Butmakingtimetogetoutsideinthesun,evenwhenit'scoldout,couldhavebiggermoodbenefitsthanyoumightrealize.

Whilethelinkbetweensunshineandmentalhealthisnothingnew,newresearchfromBrighamYoungUniversity(BYU)hasshownthattheassociationmaybeevenstrongerthanpreviouslyrealized.Itfindsthatsunlightexposureisbyfarthegreatestweather-relatedfactordeterminingmentalhealthoutcomes.Inotherwords:moresunshine,morehappiness.

Forthestudy,apsychologist,aphysicistandastatisticianfromBYUteameduptocomparedailyenvironmentaldatafromtheuniversity'sPhysicsandAstronomyWeatherStationwithemotionalhealthdataarchivedbydayfor16,452adulttherapypatientswhowerebeingtreatedattheBYUCounselingandPsychologicalServicesCenter.

Exposuretosunlightisasignificantfactorinseasonalaffectivedisorder.Researchhasshownthatthebrainproducesmoreofthefeel-goodneurotransmitterserotoninonsunnydaysthanitdoesondarkerdays.What'smore,lackofsunlightislinkedwithlowervitaminDlevels,whichinturnhasbeencorrelatedwithdepressionandlowenergy.

Ifyou'regettingenoughsun,youremotionsshouldremainrelativelystable,theresearchersfound.Butastheamountofsunlightinthedayisreduced,levelsofemotionalpaincansoar.Otherweathervariablesincludingtemperature,pollutionandrainwerenotfoundtohaveanimpactonmentalhealth.

"Weweresurprisedthatmanyoftheweatherandpollutionvariablesweincludedinthestudywerenotsignificantlycorrelatedwithclients'scoresonthedistressmeasureoncewehadaccountedforsuntime,"Dr.MarkBeecher,aprofessorofpsychologyattheuniversityandthestudy'sleadauthor,toldTheHuffingtonPost."Peopletendtoassociaterainydays,pollution,andothermeteorologicalphenomenawithsadnessordepression,butwedidnotfindthat."（1）WhatdoestheauthorsuggestwedoinParagraph1?A.Realizedthebenefitsofsunshine.B.Avoidhibernatinginspringtime.C.Curlupinablanketincoldweather.D.Enjoysunshineevenincoldweather.（2）Theunderlinedword"soar"inParagraph5mostprobablymeans"

"?A.Risesharply.B.Varyunstably.C.Dropslightly.D.Changegreatly.（3）WhatdoesthepassagesayabouttheresearchdonebyBYU?A.Itisdoneonnormaladultsofvariousages.B.ItiscarriedoutbyDrMarkBeecheralone.C.Itconcludesthesunshinemeanshappiness.D.Itfindsthattemperatureaffectsmentalhealth.（4）Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.LowervitaminDlevelsarehelpfulinkeepingusenergeticB.Theresearchfindingsareinconsistentwiththepopularbelief.C.Themoresunshineweget,thelessexcitedwearelikelytofeel.D.Thelinkbetweensunshineandmentalhealthwasunknownbefore.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，研究表明：陽(yáng)光照射是影響心理健康結(jié)果的最重要的天氣因素。換句話(huà)說(shuō)：陽(yáng)光越多，幸福越多。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Butmakingtimetogetoutsideinthesun,evenwhenit'scoldout,couldhavebiggermoodbenefitsthanyoumightrealize”花時(shí)間曬太陽(yáng)，甚至當(dāng)外面很冷的時(shí)候也要這樣做，這可能對(duì)你的情緒有很大好處?？芍髡呓ㄗh我們曬太陽(yáng)，哪怕天氣很冷。故選D。（2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第五段中的“Ifyou'regettingenoughsun,youremotionsshouldremainrelativelystable,theresearchersfound.Butastheamountofsunlightinthedayisreduced,levelsofemotionalpaincansoar.”如果你獲得足夠的陽(yáng)光，你的情緒應(yīng)該會(huì)保持相對(duì)地穩(wěn)定?？梢酝浦?dāng)光照量減少的時(shí)候，人們的情緒就不會(huì)那么穩(wěn)定，痛苦情緒就會(huì)增加。故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Itfindsthatsunlightexposureisbyfarthegreatestweather-relatedfactordeterminingmentalhealthoutcomes.Inotherwords:moresunshine,morehappiness.”研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，陽(yáng)光照射是影響心理健康結(jié)果最重要的天氣因素。換句話(huà)說(shuō)：陽(yáng)光越多，越快樂(lè)。故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Peopletendtoassociaterainydays,pollution,andothermeteorologicalphenomenawithsadnessordepression,butwedidnotfindthat”人們傾向于將雨天、污染和其他氣象現(xiàn)象與悲傷或抑郁聯(lián)系起來(lái)，但我們的研究沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)?？芍?，BYU的研究結(jié)果和大眾的看法不一致。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

Coralreefs(珊瑚礁)areanintegralpartofsealifeandsustainitbyprovidingshelterandhabitattovariousorganisms.Theyalsosupplyandrecyclenutrientsaswellasenableagrowingfishpopulation,alongwithotherspecies,forahealthyanddiverseecosystem.However,theriseinaveragewatertemperaturesduetoclimatechangehasresultedinmorefrequentandlongtimecoralbleaching(白化現(xiàn)象)eventsthatdamagetheirhealth,causingfishandotherseaspeciestoabandonthem.

Inordertorestorethisdelicateecosystem,scientistsfromtheUKandAustraliaconductedastudythatinvolvedusingloudspeakersunderwaterneardamagedcoralreefstomakethemsoundhealthyandattractfish,potentiallykick-startingthenaturalrecoveryprocessofcoralreefsandtheirdependentlifeforms.ThelocationforthisexperimentwastheGreatBarrierReefintheCoralSea,foundalongsidetheeastcoastofQueensland,Australia.Thesiteisnotedtohavethelargestcoralreefsystemintheworld.

"Healthycoralreefsareremarkablynoisyplaces-thecrackleofsnappingshrimpandthewhoopsandgruntsoffish.Youngfishconcentrateonthesesoundswhenthey'relookingforaplacetosettle,"saidSteveSimpson,studyco-authorandaprofessorattheUniversityofExeter,UK.

Byusingloudspeakerstocopysuchsounds,partsofdeadcoralreefswerefoundtoattracttwiceasmanyfish,comparedtoplaceswherenosoundswereplayed."Thesereturningfish,arecrucialforcoralreefstofunctionashealthyecosystems.Boostingfishpopulationsinthiswaycouldhelptokick-startnaturalrecoveryprocesses,preventingthedamagewe'reseeingonmanycoralreefsaroundtheworld,"saidleadauthor,TimGordon.（1）Whatcausesthephenomenonofcoralbleaching?A.Diversespecies.B.Noisepollution.C.Fishingindustry.D.Climbingtemperatures.（2）Whatapproachisintroducedtorecoverthecoralreefs?A.Removingdamagedcoralreefs.B.Usingloudspeakerstokeepfishaway.C.Buildingnewhomesforseaspecies.D.Playingcertainsoundstoappealtofish.（3）WhyareSteveSimpson'swordsquoted?A.Toprovidesomefindingsofthestudy.B.Toshowtheprogressoftheexperiment.C.Toexplainreasonsforthenewapproach.D.Togiveanothersolutiontotheproblem.（4）Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Theattemptsareinvain.B.Naturalrecoveryisimpossible.C.Initialsuccesshasbeenachieved.D.Thecoralreefshavereturnedtonormal.【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）C（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，由于氣候變化導(dǎo)致的平均水溫上升導(dǎo)致了更頻繁、更長(zhǎng)期的珊瑚白化事件，而為了恢復(fù)這一脆弱的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，科學(xué)家們?cè)谑軗p的珊瑚礁附近使用水下擴(kuò)音器，讓珊瑚聽(tīng)起來(lái)更健康，從而能夠吸引魚(yú)類(lèi)。作者解釋了采用這一方法的原因以及這一新方法獲得了初步成功。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“However,theriseinaveragewatertemperaturesduetoclimatechangehasresultedinmorefrequentandlongtimeucoralbleachingeventsthatdamagetheirhealth,causingfishandotherseaspeciestoabandonthem.”然而，由于氣候變化導(dǎo)致的平均水溫上升導(dǎo)致了更頻繁、更長(zhǎng)期的珊瑚白化事件，損害了它們的健康，導(dǎo)致魚(yú)類(lèi)和其他海洋物種拋棄它們，可知，氣溫攀升是導(dǎo)致珊瑚白化現(xiàn)象的原因。故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Inordertorestorethisdelicateecosystem,scientistsfromtheUKandAustraliaconductedastudythatinvolvedusingloudspeakersunderwaterneardamagedcoralreefstomakethemsoundhealthyandattractfish,potentiallykick-startingthenaturalrecoveryprocessofcoralreefsandtheirdependentlifeforms.”為了恢復(fù)這一脆弱的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，來(lái)自英國(guó)和澳大利亞的科學(xué)家們進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)研究，他們?cè)谑軗p的珊瑚礁附近使用水下擴(kuò)音器，讓它們聽(tīng)起來(lái)更健康，吸引魚(yú)類(lèi)，這可能會(huì)啟動(dòng)珊瑚礁的自然恢復(fù)過(guò)程及其依賴(lài)的生命形式，可知，應(yīng)當(dāng)采用播放某些聲音來(lái)吸引魚(yú)的方法來(lái)恢復(fù)珊瑚礁。故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Healthycoralreefsareremarkablynoisyplaces-thecrackleofsnappingshrimpandthewhoopsandgruntsoffish.”健康的珊瑚礁是非常吵雜的地方——蝦的噼啪聲和魚(yú)的呼嚕呼嚕聲，可知，引用SteveSimpson的話(huà)是為了解釋采用這一新方法的原因。故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Byusingloudspeakerstocopysuchsounds,partsofdeadcoralreefswerefoundtoattracttwiceasmanyfish,comparedtoplaceswherenosoundswereplayed.”通過(guò)使用擴(kuò)音器來(lái)模仿這些聲音，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)部分死去的珊瑚礁比沒(méi)有聲音的地方能吸引兩倍多的魚(yú)，可推知這一新方法初步取得了成功。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Nothinggoodgenerallycomesofaconversationthatstartwiththewords,"IthinkyoushouldprobablysitdownbeforeItellyouthis.”

Andsoitcametopass.AwayforChristmas,wegotacallfromkindfriendsathome,ourneighbour'shousehadcaughtfirewhiletheywereout.Thefiredidn'tspreadtoourhousebutthesmokeverymuchdid.

It'sweeksofeitherthrowingout,orsendingawayforspecialistcleaning,everysinglethingintowhichsmokecouldhavepermeated(滲透)becausetheparticles(微粒)areanongoinghealthriskandwashingisn'tenough.Anythingsoft—sofasandcarpetsandchildren'steddybears,clothes—issuspected.WewillbeseeingintheNewYearinadecidedlyminimalistfashion.

WhatIdidn'texpecttofeel,however,isthislucky.Friendsandneighbourshavecometogetherwithincrediblegenerosity.Wewillneveragainunderestimatetheclosenessofthevillagecommunityinwhichwelive,ortheinnatekindnessthatismostpeople'snaturalreactiontotrouble,andaregratefultoberemindedofsomuchthatisgood.Butthat'snottheonlythingI'velearned.Forinasense,wehaveachancetostartagain.

Thesurpriseonbeingforcedtothinkaboutwhatmighturgentlyneedreplacingishowshortthelistofessentialsseems;howmuchwemusthavebeenhangingontooutofhabit,andhowmuchwehavebeenconditionedtothinkwasimportant.

It'salltooeasilyassumedthatfamilyhistorylivesintangible(有形的)things—oldphotographs,adressboughtdecadesagoforanightheavywithmemories—butthat'snotquiteright.Thesethingswereonlyremindersofwhatwealreadycarrywithusinheadandheart.

Walkingthroughthehouse,sweepingupthebrokenglass,Irealisedthattheanswertotheoldquestionof"Whatwouldyousaveinafire?"isactuallythatnothingreallymattersbuteachother.（1）Whathappenedtotheauthor'shouse?A.Itcaughtafire.B.Itwasaffectedbyafire.C.Itwasbrokenintobyfriends.D.Itswindowswerebroken.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"suspected"inParagraph3referto?A.somethingthatmaybedamaged.B.somethingthatmaynotbegenuine.C.somethingthatmaynotbesogood.D.somethingthatmaybedangerous.（3）Whatdidtheauthorexpecttofeel?A.Peoplearoundhimwerecoldtoothers'trouble.B.Hisfriendsandneighboursweresogenerous.C.Peopleinhiscommunitywereclosetoeachother.D.Hewassoluckytofindmuchthatwasgood.（4）HowwilltheauthorprobablyfeelwhentheNewYearfinallycomes?A.Worried.B.Surprised.C.Excited.D.Contented.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者家房子受到火災(zāi)影響，物品受損，一切都需要清理，但朋友們和鄰居們提供的幫助，讓作者感受到了他們的善良，對(duì)他們感恩。作者感受到擁有彼此才是最重要的。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“ourneighbour'shousehadcaughtfirewhiletheywereout.Thefiredidn'tspreadtoourhousebutthesmokeverymuchdid.”；第三段中的“everysinglethingintowhichsmokecouldhavepermeated”可知鄰居家在外出時(shí)著火了，雖然火沒(méi)有蔓延到作者家，但煙殃及了房子，作者家的房子受到了影響。故選B。（2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“everysinglethingintowhichsmokecouldhavepermeated(滲透)becausetheparticles(微粒)areanongoinghealthriskandwashingisn'tenough.”可知每件被煙霧滲透的物品都要專(zhuān)門(mén)清洗或扔掉，因?yàn)槟切┪⒘Ｍ{健康，有的僅清洗是不行的。此句涉及的那些柔軟的東西被認(rèn)為可能是被污染損害的東西，suspected指的就是這些東西。故選A。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“WhatIdidn'texpecttofeel,however,isthislucky.”作者沒(méi)想到的是自己家很幸運(yùn)，下文提到朋友們和鄰居們都提供了幫助，作者從中感受到了他們的善良。由此推知作者原來(lái)認(rèn)為的是人們會(huì)對(duì)別人家的困難很冷漠，故選A。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“WewillbeseeingintheNewYearinadecidedlyminimalistfashion.”可知作者家房子受到火災(zāi)影響，物品受損，一切都需要清理，作者認(rèn)為即將到來(lái)的新年肯定是簡(jiǎn)約的。但朋友們和鄰居們提供的幫助，讓作者感受到了他們的善良，對(duì)他們感恩；再根據(jù)最后一段中的“Irealisedthattheanswertotheoldquestionof‘Whatwouldyousaveinafire?’isactuallythatnothingreallymattersbuteachother.”作者感受到擁有彼此才是最重要的。這些說(shuō)明作者是滿(mǎn)足的，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

Severalyearsago,Ibeganaskingmyfriendsandfamilytotellmesomethingabouttheirpasswords.Yes,Iunderstandwhypasswordsareuniversallyhated:thepressuretheyputonourmemoryandtheendlessdemandtoupdatethem.Ihatethemtoo.Butthereismoretopasswordsthantheirannoyance.Inthefactthatweconstructthemsothatwecanrememberthem,theytakeonsecretlives.

TherewasaformerprisonerwhosepasswordincludeswhatusedtobehisprisonIDnumbertoconstantlytellhimnottogoback.Andtherewasachildless45-year-oldwomanwhosepasswordisthenameofthebabyshelostinher25(herwayoftryingtokeephimalive,Iguess).

Sometimesthepasswordswereplayful.Severalpeoplesaidtheyused"incorrect"fortheirssothatwhentheyforgotit,thesoftwareautomaticallypromotedthemwiththerightone("yourpasswordisincorrect").

Somepasswordswerestrikingfortheiruniqueness.AfterreadingSherylSandberg'sbookLeanin:Women,WorkandtheWilltoLead,CortniKerr,arunningpartnerofmine,foundherrolemodelandbeganusing"Wwssdol9",whichstoodfor"WhatwouldSherylSandbergdo"plus"19"fortheyear(2019)ofthepassword'screation."TnsitTpsif"wasthepasswordofanotherfriend,acomputerscientistwholoveswordplay.Itstoodfor"Thenextsentenceistrue.Theprevioussentenceisfalse".Formyfriend,itwasaplayfulreferencetotheknotsthatlanguagecantie.

The4622thatmywifeusedinherpasswordswasnotjusttheaddressofherfather'schildhoodhomebutalsoareminderofhisstrength.Apparently,whentheformer120kgfootballstandoutwasasmallboy,hehadtosinghishomeaddress(4622South28thWestAvenue)inonefullbreathratherthantrytosayitnormally.Otherwise,hisstutter(口吃)wouldembarrasshim.（1）WhydidtheprisonerusehisprisonIDnumberinhispassword?A.Torebuildhisreputation.B.Toremindhimtoactlegally.C.Tofightagainsthispoormemory.D.Tohidetheunpleasantexperience.（2）WhatdidCortniKerrthinkofSherylSandberg'sbook?A.Doubtful.B.Interesting.C.Creative.D.Inspiring.（3）Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Thereasonswhypeoplehatepasswords.B.Theunusualpasswords.C.Thesecretlivesofpasswords.D.Thebestwaystomakeyourpasswordsunique.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了有關(guān)密碼的一些趣事。不同的人設(shè)定密碼也包含著不同的意義，也揭示了一些秘密。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“TherewasaformerprisonerwhosepasswordincludeswhatusedtobehisprisonIDnumbertoconstantlytellhimnottogoback.”可知這名坐過(guò)牢的囚犯用自己的監(jiān)獄身份證號(hào)作為密碼主要是提醒自己不要回到過(guò)去（不在犯罪）。因此選B。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“CortniKerr,arunningpartnerofmine,foundherrolemodelandbeganusing‘Wwssdol9’,whichstoodfor‘WhatwouldSherylSandbergdo’plus'19’fortheyear(2019)ofthepassword'screation.”可知CortniKerr讀完SherylSandberg'sbook的書(shū)后，找到到了自己的榜樣，由此判斷出CortniKerr認(rèn)為SherylSandberg的書(shū)很激勵(lì)人心。故選D。（3）考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了有關(guān)密碼的一些趣事。不同的人設(shè)定密碼也包含著不同的意義，也揭示了一些秘密。選項(xiàng)C.Thesecretlivesofpasswords.“密碼里的人生秘密”為短文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Theyear2117willbeaneventfuloneforart.InMayofthatyearinBerlin,thephilosopher-artistJonathonKeats'“centurycameras”—cameraswitha100-year-longexposure(曝光)time—willbebroughtbackfromhidingplacesaroundthecitytohavetheirresultsdevelopedandexhibited.Sixmonthsafterthat,theFutureLibraryinOslo,Norway,willopenitsdoorsforthefirsttime,presenting100booksprintedonthewoodoftreesplantedinthedistantpastof2017.

AsKatiePaterson,thecreatoroftheFutureLibrary,putsit:“FutureLibraryisanartworkforfuturegenerations.”Theseprojects,morethanacenturyinthemaking,arepartofanewwaveofslowartintendedtopushviewersandParticipantstothinkbeyondtheirownlifetimes.Theyaimtochallengetoday'sshort-termthinkingandthebriefattentionspansofmodernconsumers,forcingpeopleintoconsideringworksmoredeliberately.Intheirway,too,theyarefightingagainstmodernculture—notjustregardingmoney,butalsothewayinwhichartisticworthismeasuredbyattention.

Inasimilarfashion,everyAprilonSlowArtDay,visitorsareencouragedtostareatfiveworksofartfor10minutesatatime—atoughtaskfortheaveragemuseumvisitor,whotypicallyspendslessthan30secondsoneachpieceofart.LiketheFutureLibrary,thecenturycamerasareverymuchaprojectforcities,sinceit'sincitiesthattimerunsfastestandthepaceoflifeisfastest.“SinceIstartedlivinginacity,I'vesomehowbeenquitedisconnected,”AnneBeateHovind,theFutureLibraryprojectmanager,whodescribedhowworkingonthelibrarydrewherbacktothePaceoflifesheknewwhenshewasgrowinguponafarminheryouth,toldTheAtlanticmagazine.（1）Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwillNOThappenin2117?A.

Acamerawhichwasproduced100yearsagowillbeexhibited.

B.

TheFutureLibrarywillbe0pentothepublicforthefirsttime.C.

Photoswitha100-yearexposuretimewillbedevelopedandexhibited.

D.

Booksprintedonthewoodoftreesplantedin2017willbedisplayed.（2）Whatcanwelearnabouttoday'speople'sattitudetowardworksofart?A.

Theyconsiderworksdeliberately.

B.

TheyspendlittletimeonWorks.C.

Theyspendmuchmoney0nworks.

D.

Theystareatworksfor10minutesatatime.（3）Whatisthepurposeofthewaveofslowart?A.

Toadvocatecreatingworksofartslowly.

B.

Toprotectworksofartfrombeingdamaged.C.

Topromoteworksofartformodernculture.

D.

Toencouragepeopletopaymoreattentiontoworksofart.（4）HowwouldAnneBeateHovindfeelaboutthecitylife?A.

It'sdiscouraging

B.

It'sdull

C.

Itsdeveloped.

D.

It'sbusy【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了慢速藝術(shù)是為了鼓勵(lì)人們更多地關(guān)注藝術(shù)作品。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“thephilosopher-artistJonathonKeats'‘centurycameras’—cameraswitha100-year-longexposure(曝光)time—willbebroughtbackfromhidingplacesaroundthecitytohavetheirresultsdevelopedandexhibited.”可知，在2117年“一架百年前生產(chǎn)的照相機(jī)將會(huì)展出”是不會(huì)發(fā)生的。故選A。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“visitorsareencouragedtostareatfiveworksofartfor10minutesatatime—atoughtaskfortheaveragemuseumvisitor,whotypicallyspendslessthan30secondsoneachpieceofart.”可知，我們能從今天的人們對(duì)藝術(shù)作品的態(tài)度中了解到“他們很少花時(shí)間在工作上?！惫蔬xB。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theseprojects,morethanacenturyinthemaking,arepartofanewwaveofslowartintendedtopushviewersandParticipantstothinkbeyondtheirownlifetimes.Theyaimtochallengetoday'sshort-termthinkingandthebriefattentionspansofmodernconsumers,forcingpeopleintoconsideringworksmoredeliberately.”可知，慢速藝術(shù)的目的是鼓勵(lì)人們更多地關(guān)注藝術(shù)作品。故選D。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“LiketheFutureLibrary,thecenturycamerasareverymuchaprojectforcities,sinceit'sincitiesthattimerunsfastestandthepaceoflifeisfastest.‘SinceIstartedlivinginacity,I'vesomehowbeenquitedisconnected,’”可知，安妮感覺(jué)城市生活是忙碌的。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷題型的考查，是一篇文化類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解

Onedayaveryskilledartistmetabeautifulwomanwhoimmediatelybecametheobjectofhisaffections.Asheobservedherandspokewithher,headmiredhermoreandmore.Heshoweredherwithkindnessandwordsofpraiseuntilsheconsentedtobehiswife.

Notlong