新概念第二冊(cè)第8課課件lyf2

Lesson8Thebestandtheworstcompetition[k?mp?'ti??n]n.比賽

neat[ni:t]adj.整齊的

path[pɑ:θ]n.小路,小徑

wooden['wud?n]adj.木頭的

pool[pu:l]n.水池單詞學(xué)習(xí)★neatadj.整齊的,整潔的,井井有條Eg.保持桌面整潔Keepyourdeskneat.

多么整潔的房間啊！

whataneatroom!

whatamess!拓：neat=tidy<adj.>tidy<v.>

eg整理房間tidytheroom對(duì)比：cleanadj.干凈的★pathn.

1.(行人走出來(lái)的)小徑,窄路Eg.Wefollowedthepatharoundtheofficebuilding.我們沿著辦公大樓周圍的小路走。path[pɑ:θ]n.小路,小徑laneroadRoad:供交通車輛行駛的路lane:指鄉(xiāng)間籬笆圍墻間的小道或城市中的小街胡同;streetavenueStreet：街道avenue：大道，林蔭大道woodenadj.1)木(制)的木凳awoodenbench

木橋awoodenbridgewood木頭goforawalkinthewoodswoods樹(shù)林★pooln.水池(人工的)Eg.游泳池swimmingpoolHelayinapoolofblood.他躺在血泊中。拓：pond池塘（天然的）

★competitionn.比賽，競(jìng)賽固短：贏得比賽winacompetitionhave/holdacompetition舉行比賽withdrawfromacompetition

退出比賽拓：compete[k?m'pi:t]vi.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；比賽；對(duì)抗固短：competewith(與…競(jìng)賽)competefor(為…競(jìng)賽)competeagainst(與…對(duì)決)competeover(打敗..)課文講解JoeSandershasthemostbeautifulgardeninourtownentersfor'TheNicestGardenCompetition'eachyear,butJoewinseverytime.BillFrith'sgardenislargerthanJoe's.BillworksharderthanJoeandgrowsmoreflowersandvegetables,butJoe'sgardenismoreinteresting.Hehasmadeneatpathsandhasbuiltawoodenbridgeoverapool.Ilikegardenstoo,butIdonotlikehardwork.EveryyearIenterforthegardencompetitiontoo,andIalwayswinalittleprizefortheworstgardeninthetown!Questions1.Whohasthebestgardeninthetown?JoeSander.2.Whatdoeshewineachyear?TheNicestGardenCompetition.3.Whatdoestheauthoralwayswinaprizefor?Alittleprizefortheworstgardeninthetown.Questions1.Whohasthebestgardeninthetown?JoeSander.2.Whatdoeshewineachyear?TheNicestGardenCompetition.3.Whatdoestheauthoralwayswinaprizefor?Alittleprizefortheworstgardeninthetown.Questions1.Whohasthebestgardeninthetown?JoeSander.2.Whatdoeshewineachyear?TheNicestGardenCompetition.3.Whatdoestheauthoralwayswinaprizefor?Alittleprizefortheworstgardeninthetown.Questions1.Whohasthebestgardeninthetown?2.Whatdoeshewineachyear?3.Whatdoestheauthoralwayswinaprizefor?Questions1.Whohasthebestgardeninthetown?JoeSander.2.Whatdoeshewineachyear?TheNicestGardenCompetition.3.Whatdoestheauthoralwayswinaprizefor?Alittleprizefortheworstgardeninthetown.Questions1.Whohasthebestgardeninthetown?JoeSander.2.Whatdoeshewineachyear?TheNicestGardenCompetition.3.Whatdoestheauthoralwayswinaprizefor?Alittleprizefortheworstgardeninthetown.JoeSandershasthemostbeautifulgardeninourtown.JoeSanders’gardenismorebeautifulthananyothers’inourtown.在鎮(zhèn)里比爾的花園是最大的。Bill'sgardenisthelargestinthetown.=Bill'sgardenislargerthananyothergardeninthetown.Nearlyeverybodyentersfor'TheNicestGardenCompetition'eachyear,butJoewinseverytime.nearly=almost“幾乎”、“差不多”、“差點(diǎn)兒”Eg.Ihavenearlyforgottenhisname.我差點(diǎn)把他的名字忘了。I’mnearly/almostready.我快準(zhǔn)備好了。Each和every均可譯為“每一個(gè)”。二者常常可以互相代替使用:Every/EachtimeIwashthecaritrains.但是each更強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體，它常用以指一個(gè)確定的并通常是有限的數(shù)目Eachchildintheschoolwasquestioned.Every卻不那么強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體，常用來(lái)指一個(gè)大的、不確定的數(shù)目；

EverychildenjoysChristmas.另外，each既可以作形容詞又可作代詞，但every只能作形容詞Theyeachhaveashare.Eachofushashisownworktodo.enterfor報(bào)名參加（各種競(jìng)賽，考試等活動(dòng)）多少學(xué)生報(bào)名參加比賽？Howmanystudentsenteredforthecompetition?join參加組織或加入某人

e.g.jointhearmy,jointhesinginggroup，

joinusjoinin=takepartin參加活動(dòng)e.g.Theyalltookanactivepartinthefighting.I’mgladtojoininthediscussion.

enterv.進(jìn)入

entertheroom拓：entrancen.入口Putintheword“for”wherenecessary.1.Heisveryill.Nooneisallowedtoenter___hisroom.2.Willyouenter___thisweek’scrosswordcompetition?

3.Manyathleteshaveentered____theOlympicGamesthisyear.4.Noonesawthethiefwhenheentered____thebuilding.5.Ihaveentered___theexaminationbutIdon’twanttotakeit.win（won，won）v.贏

①vi.贏win----losewinner----loser②vt.贏得……winsomething

后面往往是獎(jiǎng)品,不能接對(duì)手贏得了一個(gè)獎(jiǎng)winaprize（for）我贏得了一本書(shū)Iwonthebook.winwin

“贏”、“獲勝”、“得到成功”，它的賓語(yǔ)往往是獎(jiǎng)品、獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金、名譽(yù)、財(cái)產(chǎn)、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或運(yùn)動(dòng)等等。beat

“打”、“擊敗”、“戰(zhàn)勝”。后面跟的是比賽、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中的對(duì)手或戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的敵人。beatsb.BillFrith'sgardenislargerthanJoe's.名詞加’s

表示所屬關(guān)系，構(gòu)成名詞的所有格，這類名詞往往指有生命的東西，特別是人。所有格的語(yǔ)法作用相當(dāng)于形容詞，限定后面的名詞。這個(gè)被限定的名詞在上下文中第二次被提到時(shí)可以省略，只要不引起誤解。Mypenislost.Thisoneismybrother’s.Hehasmadeneatpathsandhasbuiltawoodenbridgeoverapool.make和build“修建，建造”

make的詞義比較籠統(tǒng)、廣泛，

“做、作出、制造”等這件裙子是你自己做的嗎？Haveyoumadetheskirtbyyourself?build主要限于建筑業(yè)，“建造，建設(shè)，蓋房子，修筑（橋梁）等”他們沿著河修了條路。Theyhavemadearoadalongtheriver.變形1. 單音節(jié)形容詞/少數(shù)以-er/ow結(jié)尾的形容詞和副詞，加er或者est變成比較級(jí)或者最高級(jí)Great-greater-greatestClever-cleverer-cleverestNarrow-narrower-narrowest變形2. 以-e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)形容詞和副詞，加-r/-st，比如Large-larger-largestSimple-simpler-simplest變形3．以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)形容詞，如果其前的元音字母發(fā)短元音，要雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，然后加-er/est，例如：Hot-hotter-hottest變形4.以輔音加y結(jié)尾的形容詞，和少數(shù)不是由“形容詞+ly”構(gòu)成的副詞要將y改為i，然后加上er/estEasy-easier-easiestEarly-earlier-earliestHappy-happier-happiest變形5.雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)的形容詞和副詞通常是在原級(jí)前加上More,或者M(jìn)ost構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)：beautiful-morebeautiful-mostbeautiful;carefully-morecarefully-mostcarefully變形不過(guò)，以形容詞詞綴Un開(kāi)頭的三音節(jié)形容詞不適用于上述情況，而是直接按照er/est的方式，比如unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest變形6.少數(shù)單音節(jié)形容詞也通過(guò)more,most構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，如Tired-moretired–mosttired;pleased–morepleased–mostpleased變形8.特殊形式：

good/well(betterbest)bad/ill(worseworst)many/much(moremost)little(lessleast)far(fartherfurther,farthestfurthest)old(olderelder,oldesteldest)比較級(jí)常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)1.比較級(jí)+than這支筆比那支筆好。Thepenisbetterthanthatone.比較級(jí)常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)2.less/more+adj.+than這個(gè)房間沒(méi)有那間漂亮。Theroomislessbeautifulthanthatone.比較級(jí)常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)在比較級(jí)前，我們可以加上表示程度的狀語(yǔ)，比如even,alot,abit,alittle,still,much,far等他工作的甚至比以前還努力。Heworksevenharderthanbefore.Thisbookisfarmoreinterestingthanthatone.

這本書(shū)比那一本有趣多了。You'vebeenworkingmuchharderthanIhave.

你一直比我工作得努力多了。ShecameevenearlierthanIasked(himto).她來(lái)得甚至比我叫她來(lái)的時(shí)間還要早。比較級(jí)常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)The+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)

“越…越…”Theharderheworks,thehappierhefeels.比較級(jí)常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)moreandmore+原級(jí)“越來(lái)越”天氣變得越來(lái)越冷了。Theweatherisgettingcolderandcolder.她越來(lái)越漂亮了。Sheismoreandmorebeautiful比較級(jí)常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)6.the+比較級(jí)（ofthetwo）Maryisthetallerofthetwins.比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的用法

1.在使用比較級(jí)時(shí)，比較級(jí)后用than：Myroomiscleanerthantheonenextdoor.2.最高級(jí)的限定范圍一般用of，in等介詞短語(yǔ)；限定范圍也可以是從句；如果范圍很清楚，則可以省略。

Johnisthetallestofthethreebrother.MaryisthemostintelligentpersonI’veevermet.最高級(jí)常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)最高級(jí)副詞+among/in（地）/of（同類）the+最高級(jí)+among/in（地）/of（同類）我是這里所有人中最高的。（中國(guó)最高的）Iamthetallestamong/ofallthepeoplehere.（inChina）他是所有學(xué)生中跑的最快的。Herunsfastestofallthestudents.（這里沒(méi)有the）Thisisthecoldestdayintenyears.最高級(jí)常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)Theleast/most+形容詞原型；least/most+副詞原型Thebookisinteresting.The2ndbookislessinterestingthanthe1stone.The3rdbookistheleastinterestingoneofall.最高級(jí)常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)不用the，而改用a/an

表示極其非常Heisamostimportantperson.最高級(jí)常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)4. The+序數(shù)詞加最高級(jí)The2ndlongestriverinChinaistheYellowRiver.比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的神轉(zhuǎn)換否定意義的詞+比較級(jí)

表最高級(jí)Ihaveneverheardabettersong.=ThisisthebestsongthatIhaveeverheard.Mr.Blackisveryhappybecausetheclothesmadeinhisfactoryhaveneverbeen

.(2010年全國(guó)II卷)A.popularB.morepopularC.mostpopularD.themostpopularevery構(gòu)成的合成詞every和one，body，thing可以構(gòu)成復(fù)合不定代詞Everyone和everybody一般可以替換使用這一類詞本身均被視為單數(shù)。Eg.一切都很順利。Everythingisgoingwell.后面的代詞既可以用單數(shù)，也可以用復(fù)數(shù)Everyone/Everybodyknowswhathehastodo.每個(gè)人都知道自己必須做什么。=Everyone/Everybodyknowswhattheyhavetodo.與every一樣可以構(gòu)成這類合成詞的還有some,any,no課文講解JoeSandershasthemostbeautifulgardeninourtown.___________entersfor'TheNicestGardenCompetition'eachyear,butJoe______everytime.BillFrith'sgardenislargerthanJoe's.BillworksharderthanJoeand____moreflowersandvegetables,butJoe'sgardenismoreinteresting.Hehasmade____pathsandhasbuilta____bridge_____apool.Ilikegardenstoo,butIdonotlikehardwork.EveryyearIenterforthegardencompetitiontoo,andIalwayswinalittleprize____theworstgardeninthetown!1.

d

根據(jù)課文的頭一句和最后一句，只有d.是正確答案，其他3個(gè)選擇都與課文內(nèi)容不符合。

2.

b

根據(jù)課文第6-7行I

like

gardens

too,

but

I

do

not

like

hard

work

可以推測(cè)b.是正確答案，其他3個(gè)選擇都與事實(shí)不符合。

3.

b

a.

larger

garden

前面沒(méi)有冠詞a,不合乎語(yǔ)法;

c.

large

garden

前面也缺少冠詞a,

d.

largest

garden中最高級(jí)前面應(yīng)該有定冠詞the,而且在兩者相比時(shí)也不能使用最高級(jí)。

所以只有b.

a

large

garden

最符合語(yǔ)法。

4.

a

本句需要比較級(jí)形式。

B.

more

hard

中的hard

是單音節(jié)詞，其比較形式是在詞尾加-er;

c.

more

hardly

中

hardly(幾乎不。。。。。)詞意思不對(duì);d.

hardier

中原形hardy

是表示“強(qiáng)壯的”與課文不符合;

只有a.

harder

最符合比較級(jí)形式。

5.

c

a.

by,

b.

for

,

d.

from

都不能同比較級(jí)連用，只有c.

than

才可以和比較級(jí)連用。

6.

c

應(yīng)該選同前一句The

writer

is

fond

of

garden

意思相近的句子。

A.

They

like

him

意思同前一句相反;

b.

they

like

to

him

有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，也同前一句意思不符合;d.

He

likes

有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，缺少賓語(yǔ);

只有c.

He

likes

them

意思最接近，沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。

7.

b

a.

in

,

c.

for,

d.

by