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山西省陽(yáng)泉市李家莊中學(xué)2023年高三英語(yǔ)期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Themeetingbetweenthepresidentsofthosetwocountries___________inParislastweek.A.tookpart
B.tookaction
C.tookeffect
D.tookplace參考答案:D2.TheOlympicSportsCenter_______atpresentinthecityandissaidtobeopentothepublicin2019A.
isbuilt B.hasbuilt C.isbeingbuilt D.willbebuilt參考答案:C3.—I’msorrytohearthatsomevillagersgotdisabledintheearthquake.
—That’stoobad,but_______.A.alliswellthatendswell
B.thedarkesthourisnearestthedawn
C.wherethereislife,thereishope
D.itisgoodtohavefriendsintrouble參考答案:C4.Thisstory,_____,isveryfascinating:therearemanyinterestingcharactersinit.A.onthewhole
B.bynomeans
C.innotime
D.outofthequestion參考答案:A5.ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksayshehasapassionforChina,______heremembersstartingasearlyashischildhood.A.where B.which
C.what
D.when參考答案:B6.Myheadache_____me.Ithoughtitwasgoingaway,butit’sgettingworseandworse.A.iskilling
B.kills
C.waskilling
D.killed參考答案:A7.It’shardtobelievethattheguy
nowisafamousactor.
A.Isatnextatschool
B.Isatnexttoitatschool
C.Isatnexttoatschool
D.Isatnexttoschool參考答案:C8.
Heisonlytooreadytohelpothers,seldom,____,refusingthemwhentheyturntohim.
A.ifnever
B.ifever
C.ifnot
D.ifany參考答案:B9.—It'salreadyeleveno'clock,andshe______havebeenherehalfanhourago.—Maybeshegotcaughtintherain.A.must
B.oughtto
C.may
D.can參考答案:B根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容,,尤其是Maybeshegotcaughtintherain可知她遲到了,現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有到場(chǎng)。第一句的句意為:現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)11點(diǎn)了,她豐小時(shí)前就應(yīng)該到了。oughtto/shouldhavedone表示過(guò)去本該做某事但沒(méi)有做到。10.Thoseanimalsliveinconditionssimilarto_____existedmillionsofyearsago,whenanimalsbeganmakingthetransitionfromwaterontoland.A.that
B.thosethat
C.those
D.whatthose參考答案:B11.Studentsshouldoftenbeallowedtoworkingroups
givesthemchancestoco-operateandtoshare.
A.who
B.where
C.which
D.what參考答案:C12.ChildrenareeasilyexposedtotheInternetculture__________violenceincreasestosuchadegreethatparentsdon’tallowthemtogoonline.
A.which B.whose C.where D.that參考答案:C略13.After60-yeardevelopmentsince1949,China______amarketwithhugepotentialandaleaderofworldeconomy.A.became
B.isbecoming
C.becomes
D.hasbecome參考答案:D略14.---Comeon,baby!Youwillsucceed.Weallwishtogetgoodnews.
---____,butI’lldomybest.A.Ican’tpromise
B.ItisimpossibleC.
Noproblem
D.Don’tworry參考答案:A15.---HowdoyoulikethetriptotheGreatWall?---Well,thehotelwas_______.Still,wewereluckywiththeweather.A.wonderful
B.impressive
C.unique
D.terrible
參考答案:B略16.Thenextmorninganoticewasputuponthedooroftheworkhouse,offeringarewardto__________wouldemployOliverTwist.A.whoever B.nomatterwho C.whomever D.who參考答案:A17.-Hi,Tom,whynotattendmybirthdayheldlastweek?-Iamsorry,Ihadmeantto,butI
somethingunexpectedAhavemet
Bhadmet
Cmeet
Dmet參考答案:D
二、填空18.Howeverdepressedyoumaybefeelingnow,ifyoulookback,therecertainlywillhavebeeneventsthatmadeyouhappy—maybethetime____21____youboughtyourfirstbicycleoryouwereawardedascholarship.Whengoodthingshappen,wefeelexcited,proudandhappy.Buttheproblemis,happinessdoesn’tusuallylast.Theexcitementofthatfirstbicyclepurchasewearsoff,andtheprideinthescholarshipgiveswaytothestressofperforming___22___(well)onthenextexam.Psychologistscallthisphenomenonhedonicadaptation(享樂(lè)適應(yīng)癥)—thatis,___23___goodsomethingmakesusfeel,mostofthetimewedriftbackto___24___westarted.Anoften_____25_____(quote)exampleisthatlotterywinnersarenohappierthannon-winnerseighteenmonthsaftertheirwin.Butdon’tdespair.Itispossibletomakehappinesslast.Psychologistshavefoundtwoanti-adaptationtoolsthatareeffectiveinsustaininghappiness:varietyandappreciation.Varietyis,asweallknow,thespiceoflife.Butit’salsoausefulweapon_____26_____adaptation.Positivechangesthat_____27_____(experience)inavarietyofwaysaremorelikelytoleadtolastinghappiness.Forexample,youwillfeelhappieraboutyourvolunteerwork_____28_____youareabletocopewithnewtaskseveryweek.Thesecondtool,appreciation,isinmanywaystheoppositeofadaptation.It’saboutfocusingonsomething,insteadoflettingitfadeintothebackground.Itisonlywhenyouappreciatesomething
___29___anenduringfeelingofhappinesswillfollow.Humanbeingsspendalotoftimefiguringoutwhatmakesthemhappy,butnotenoughtime_____30_____(try)tohangontothehappinesstheyalreadyhave.Thisislikefocusingallyourenergyonmakingmoremoney,withoutgivinganythoughttowhatyouwilldowiththemoney.Thekeytohappinessistonotonlylookfornewopportunitiesbutalsotomakethemostoftheonesyou’vebeengiven.參考答案:21.when
22.better
23.nomatterhow
24.where
25.quoted
26.against
27.areexperienced
28.if
29.that
30.trying這是一篇說(shuō)明文。短文介紹了享樂(lè)適應(yīng)癥的定義,表現(xiàn)以及為了保持快樂(lè),克服享樂(lè)適應(yīng)癥所采取的措施?!?1題詳解】考查關(guān)系代詞。句意:不管你現(xiàn)在有多沮喪,如果你回頭看一看,肯定會(huì)有一些事情讓你開(kāi)心——也許是你買(mǎi)了第一輛自行車(chē)或者獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的時(shí)候。分析句子可知,thetime為先行詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞when。故填when.【22題詳解】考查副詞比較級(jí)。句意:第一次購(gòu)買(mǎi)自行車(chē)的興奮感消失了,而對(duì)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的驕傲情緒也讓位于下次考試表現(xiàn)得更好的壓力。副詞修飾動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)本句的句意可知,人們感到不快樂(lè)是因?yàn)槿藗儾粩嘧非蟾玫谋憩F(xiàn),不斷給自己施壓。所以用副詞的比較級(jí)better修飾動(dòng)詞perform。故填better.【23題詳解】考查從屬連詞。句意:無(wú)論什么東西讓我們感覺(jué)好,大部分時(shí)間我們都會(huì)漂回我們開(kāi)始的地方。分析句子可知,本句缺少?gòu)膶龠B詞,根據(jù)句意可知,本句為nomatterhow引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,其形式為:nomatterhow+adj/adv+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)。故填nomatterhow.【24題詳解】考查連接副詞。句意:無(wú)論什么東西讓我們感覺(jué)好,大部分時(shí)間我們都會(huì)漂回我們開(kāi)始的地方。to為介詞,后接從句作賓語(yǔ),根據(jù)句意,本句接where引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,其中where在賓語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。故填where.【25題詳解】考查形容詞。句意:一個(gè)經(jīng)常被引用的例子是彩票中獎(jiǎng)?wù)卟⒉槐确侵歇?jiǎng)?wù)咴谥歇?jiǎng)18個(gè)月后更快樂(lè)。quoted為形容詞修飾名詞example。故填quoted.【26題詳解】考查介詞。句意:但它也是阻止適應(yīng)的有效武器。由前文可知,變化是有效維持幸福感的反適應(yīng)工具,所以判斷出本句應(yīng)填介詞against。故填against.【27題詳解】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:經(jīng)歷了以各種方式的積極的變化更有可能帶來(lái)持久的幸福。分析句子可知,changes為先行詞,在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ),且changes與experienced為被動(dòng)。故填areexperienced.【28題詳解】考查從屬連詞。句意:例如,如果你每周都能應(yīng)付新的任務(wù),你就會(huì)對(duì)自己的志愿工作感到高興。分析句子可知,空處缺少連詞,根據(jù)句意可知,本句為if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句,主句為將來(lái)時(shí),在本句中為youwillfeelhappieraboutyourvolunteerwork,從句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),在本句中為youareabletocopewithnewtaskseveryweek。故填if.【29題詳解】考查連接詞。句意:只有當(dāng)你欣賞某樣?xùn)|西時(shí),才會(huì)產(chǎn)生持久的快樂(lè)感。本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句式:it+be+強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(狀語(yǔ))+that+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)。本句前調(diào)的部分為:onlywhenyouappreciatesomething,所以連接詞為that。故填that.【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意:人們花了大量的時(shí)間去弄清楚是什么讓他們快樂(lè),但卻沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間去把握他們已經(jīng)擁有的幸福。本句涉及sbspend+時(shí)間(in)doingsth的用法。分析句子可知,but連接的是alotoftimefiguringoutwhatmakesthemhappy和notenoughtime_____10_____(try)tohangontothehappinesstheyalreadyhave。所以應(yīng)填trying。故填tying.19.
Birdmigration(遷徙)
Themanreasonformigrationormovementisfood;forexample,somebirdsmaychoosenottomigrateiftheyarefedthroughthecoldmonthsChangesinthedaylengtharesignalsformigrationandrelatetothephysicalchangesinthebirds.Birdswillalsodisplayrestlessnessandincreasetheirfatdeposition(沉積).Duringshorterdaysinthefall,birdswillreturntowarmerareaswheretheyfindadequatefoodsupply.
Manysmallerinsect-eatingbirdsmigratelargedistancesusuallyatnight.Theymayfeedforanewdaysbeforecontinuingtheircourseoftravel.Anadvantagefornightmigratingisthatitminimizesthethreatofpredators(食肉動(dòng)物),allowingthebirdstofeedduringthedayandavoidoverheating.
Themigrationforthesebirdsisbasedonanumberofdifferentsenses.Manybirdsusethesunasacompass.Theabilitytodetectmagneticfield(磁場(chǎng)),useofvisuallandmarks,aswellastheirsenseofsmellareusedtohelptravelduringmigration.Birdmigrationisastronggeneticfactorintermsoftimingandroute,whichcanbeinfluencedbytemperature.Migratorybirdsmayusetwotoolstofindtheirdestinations;innatecapability(geneticallyprogrammed)andexperience.Afirst-timermigrant(候鳥(niǎo))fliesaccordingtotheEarth’smagneticfield,butdoesnotknowhowfaritwilltakeuntilitgrowsaccustomedtothejourneyandisabletouseitsothercapabilities.Withexperienceitlearnsvariouslandmarksoftencalled“mapping”.
MigrationismainlyseenintheNorthernHemisphereandlessobviousintheSouthernHemisphere.Thisisduetothelackofsignificantweatherchangesandthecontinualsupplyoffoodforthebirds.Acommonpatterninmigrationinvolvesflyingnorthinthespringtobread(繁殖)duringthesummerandtravelingtothesouthinthefallintowarmerregions.Notwospeciesfollowtheexactroutefrombeginningtoend.Migrationsnarrowintooneormorepreferredroutesoroftencalled“flyways”.Flywaysmainlyfollowcoasts,sometimesrives,ormountainranges.TherearefourmajorNorthAmericanflyways;theAtlantic,theMississippi,theCentralandthePacificFlyways.Theflywaysarenotdefinedintheirboundariesandattimesmaybecombinedintoone.
Infact,longdistancemigrantsmoveawayfromeachotherasyoungbirdsandformattachmentstopotentialbreedingandwinteringsites.Oncethesiteattachmentismade,birdsshowhighsite-faith,visitingthesamesitesyearafteryear.Youwillwanttoensureyournestingboxesarecleanedoutandavailablewhenthesebirdsreturntokeepthecyclegoingforthesemigratingspecies.BirdmigrationPassageoutlineSupportingdetailsWhydobirdsmigrate?Besides(71)_____,migrationhassomethingtodowithbirds’physicalchangesanddaylengthchanges.Whataretheadvantagesofnightmigrating?
Nightmigratinghelpsminimizethe(72)________ofbeingthreatenedbypredators.
Nightmigratingallowsbirdstofeedenoughduringthedaywithoutoverheating.(73)______dobirdsmigrate?
Thesun,magneticfield,visuallandmarksandthesenseofsmellareall(74)____forbirdstomigrate.
Environmentalchangesareconnectedwithbirds’timingandroute.
Notonlymagneticfieldbutalsosomeothercapabilitiesand(75)______relatetoafirst-timermigrant’sflying.Wheredobirdsmigrate?
Migrationmainlytakesplaceinthe(76)_____Hemisphere.
Withfourmajorflywaysbirdsmainlyfly(77)______coasts,rivers,ormountainranges.What(78)________canyoudrawfromthebirdmigration?
Birdsare(79)________totheirsiteattachmentverymuch.
Youmustmakesurethecleanboxesare(80)_______beforethebirdscomeback.
參考答案:71.food
72.possibility/chance73.How74.helpful
75.experience76.Northern
77.following/along
78.conclusion
79.faithful80.available/ready74.helpful考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Ttheirsenseofsmellareusedtohelptravelduringmigration.”可見(jiàn),把原文中的動(dòng)詞areusedtohelp轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞helpful.75.experience考查原詞重現(xiàn)。從第三段第五句“Migratorybirdsmayusetwotoolstofindtheirdestinations;innatecapability(geneticallyprogrammed)andexperience.”可知,空格處填入experience。76.Northern考查原詞重現(xiàn)。從第四段第一句“MigrationismainlyseenintheNorthernHemisphere”中的“actlike”可知,空格處填入Northern。77.following/along考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換或同義轉(zhuǎn)換。從第四段第六句“Flywaysmainlyfollowcoasts,sometimesrives,ormountainranges.”可把原文中的動(dòng)詞follow轉(zhuǎn)化為非謂語(yǔ)following.也可把原句的follow“沿著”轉(zhuǎn)換成along.三、閱讀理解20.HereisatruestoryaboutafamousmanwhoworkedintheWhiteHouseandacriminal.Theyoncefacedthesamething:theirmothergavethemappleswhentheywereyoung.Thecriminalsaid:oneday,mymotherbroughtsomeapplesandaskedmybrotherandme:“Whichdoyouwant?”“Thereddestandbiggestone,”mylittlebrothersaid.Mymotherstaredathimandsaidtohimangrily:“Youshouldlearntogivethegoodthingstoothers;youshouldn’talwaysthinkofyourself.”Seeingthis,Isuddenlychangedmyideaandthensaidtomymother:“Mum,pleasegivemethesmalleroneandgivethebiggeronetomylittlebrother.”Hearingmywords,mymotherwasveryhappy.Shekissedmeonmyfaceandgavethereddestandbiggestappletomeasaprize.Fromthenon,Ilearnedtotelllies,fight,stealandrob.InordertogetwhatIwanted,Iplayedhard.Asaresult,Iwassentintoprison.Thefamousmanfromthewhitehousesaid:Oneday,mymotherbroughtsomeapples.Shesaidtomybrotherandme:“Youallwantthereddestandbiggestone,right?Well,let’shaveacompetition.NowIdividedthegrasslandinfrontofthegateintotwoandIwillgiveonetoeachofyouandyoumustshear(修剪)itwell.AndIwillgivethereddestandbiggestappletohimwhodoesitthemostquicklyandbest.”Afterthecompetition,IwonandIgotthebiggestapple.Inourfamily,aslongasyouwanttogetthebestthings,youmusttakepartincompetition.Ithinkitisfair.Nomatterwhatyouwant,youmustpaylotsofefforts.32.Thecriminalgotthereddestandbiggestapplebecause______.A.hetoldthetruththathewantedasmalleroneB.heknewhowtomakehismotherhappyfromheranswerC.elderbrothershouldofcoursehavethebiggeroneD.hismotherlovedhimmorethanshelovedtheyoungerbrother33.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat______.A.it’swrongtoaskchildrentochooseappleswhentheyarenotoldenoughB.it’simportanttomakechildrenawarethatnomatterwhattheywant,theymustpayworkC.it’swrongtoaskchildrennottoalwaysthinkofthemselvesD.it’salwaysnecessarytohaveacompetitionwhenwegivechildrenapple34.Thewritertellsthestoryby______.A.organizingitintheorderoftimeB.makingacomparisonbetweentwomenC.providingsomescientificinformationD.describingitintheorderofspace35.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat______.A.weshouldalwaystrytowincompetitionswhichcanbringusalotB.inordertogetwhatwewant,weshouldplayhardC.a(chǎn)mother’seducationalmethodhasagreatinfluenceonachild’sgrowingD.givingchildrenappleswillleadthemtobecomecriminals參考答案:BBBC21.Onenightin1966,MichaelChapmanrushedintoafolk-musicclubinCornwall,Englandtogetoutoftherain,andsoonfoundhimselfonstageplayingtheguitar.“Theyofferedmeajobtoplayfortherestofthesummer.AndI’vebeenplayingeversince,”Chapmansays.“I’vetoldthatstorysomanytimes,butit’slytrue.Ifithadn’tbeenrainingthatnight,Iwouldn’tbetalkingtoyou.”TheBritishguitarplayerhasspentthe50yearssincethenontheroad.Hereleasedsomepraisedalbumsinthe1970s,buthishealthwentdownhillinthe80sand90s.LikealotofBritishartistsinthe1960s,ChapmantaughthimselftoplaytheguitarbylisteningtoAmericanjazzandbluesrecords.Chapmanactuallytaughtphotography,butquitwhenhewas26toplaymusicfulltime.Whenhewasstartingout,hewasoftencomparedtootherBritishacoustic(原聲的)guitarheroesofthetime,likeJohnMartynandBertJansch.“ThefascinatingthingaboutMichaelChapmanisthathedoesn’tfitinwiththoseguysofhisgeneration,”saysAndrewMale,amusicjournalist.“He’salwaysbeenanoutsider.HenevermovedtoLondon.”Andw
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