新概念三 課文解析

新概念第三冊(cè)課文精讀詳解50篇標(biāo)簽：新概念英語Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲獅一、【Text】課文Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfromtheZoofeltobligedtoinvestigate,forthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthepumawereextraordinarilysimilar.Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawomanpickingblackberriessaw'alargecat'onlyfiveyardsawayfromher.Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.Thesearchproveddifficult,forthepumawasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorningandatanotherplacetwentymilesawayintheevening.Whereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.Pawprintswereseeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.Severalpeoplecomplainedof'cat-likenoises'atnightandabusinessmanonafishingtripsawthepumaupatree.Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,butwherehaditcomefrom?Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisonemusthavebeeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,butthepumawasnotcaught.Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.二、【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語◆puman.美洲獅◆spotv.看出，發(fā)現(xiàn)◆evidencen.證據(jù)◆accumulatev.積累，積聚v.使…感到必須◆oblige◆huntn.追獵；尋找◆blackberryn.黑莓◆humanbeing人類◆cornerv.使走投無路，使陷入困境◆trailn.一串，一系列◆printn.印痕◆cling(clung,clung)v.粘◆convincev.使…信服◆somehowadv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因◆disturbv.令人不安學(xué)習(xí)詞匯時(shí)僅知道漢語語義是不夠的，要把單詞放在語句中體會(huì)其應(yīng)用學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)鍵句型結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)則要把它放在段落結(jié)構(gòu)或文章里★spotv.看出，發(fā)現(xiàn)pickout/see/recognize/catchsightofeg:Atallmaniseasytospotinthecrowd.Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.他有敏銳的識(shí)別錯(cuò)誤的能力。spot(做動(dòng)詞時(shí)候)=see:強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果、辨別出、看見、識(shí)別、發(fā)現(xiàn)。find強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)果。findout查出事實(shí)真相。discover做出重大發(fā)現(xiàn)notice注意到observe觀察watch觀察活動(dòng)中的人或畫面spotn.斑點(diǎn)eg:Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.onthespot1,立刻，馬上（atonce,immediately）Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.2,attheplaceoftheaction在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)Whereversheisneeded,sheisquicklyonthespot.★evidence[u]n.證據(jù)Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalreadydestroyedtheevidence.evidence=proofinevidence:顯而易見的.Hewasinevidenceattheparty.evidentlyadv.evidentadj.★accumulatevt,vi.積累，積聚accumulate強(qiáng)調(diào)積累的過程Astheevidenceaccumulates,expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.gathervt.聚集，把某人召集在某處collect收集，采集assemble集合，集會(huì)，vt.裝配hoard大量地貯存Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter.hoardup=storeupamass積聚（主要用于詩歌和文學(xué)作品）★obligev.使…感到必須feelobligedtodosth.感覺有必要做某事beobligedtodosth被迫做某事★huntn.追獵；尋找runafter強(qiáng)調(diào)追趕、追求.seek追尋（夢(mèng)想，理想）=pursuechase追趕.huntforsearch搜尋某處為了尋找到某人或某物★cornerv.使走投無路，使陷入困境cornern.角落atthecornerofthestreetinthecorneroftheroomonthecornerofthedeskbecornered………被逼得走投無路常用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)：Thethiefwascorneredatlast.Theproblemcorneredme.這個(gè)問題把我難例了。★trailn.一串，一系列trail==followvt.跟蹤eg:Thepolicetrailedthecriminaltotheplacewherehewashiding.★cling(clung,clung)v.粘eg:Sheisalwaysclingingtohermother.Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed.(抱有，懷有)stick粘住stickto堅(jiān)持stickyadj.粘的★convincevt.使…信服convincesb.ofsth使sb相信sth和賓語從句that搭配使用沒有賓語的情況下要采用主系表結(jié)構(gòu)：beconvincedsbbeconvicnedsb相信★somehowadv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因bysomemeans,insomeway,forsomereasonunknownsomewhat==alittle★disturbv.令人不安disturbingadj.令人不安的disturbed令人吃驚的surprised感到不安的感到吃驚的surprisingexciting令人激動(dòng)的excited感到激動(dòng)的三、【課文精析】atlarge1：逃遁的，沒有被控制的。2：詳細(xì)的(indetail)3：總體來講（asawhole）Keysentence:Pandasarelargecat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAsia.life-like:栩栩如生的一般來講定語從句和同位語從句緊隨在被修飾名詞后面，但為了保持句子平衡，也可以把謂語動(dòng)詞放到從句之前定語從句只是對(duì)于被修飾詞的補(bǔ)充說明、修飾。同位語從句則是講述被修飾名詞的內(nèi)容定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞：指人：主語who;賓語who/whom;定語whose表達(dá)事物：that(也可指人)/which時(shí)間狀語：when;地點(diǎn)狀語：where;原因狀語：why同位語從句：名詞做主語、賓語時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that而不是which時(shí)間when;地點(diǎn)whereeg:Anideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim.定語從句中沒有what這個(gè)關(guān)系詞，但它可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句(Anidea)…cometosb.某人突然想到了……takesth.seriously==dealwithsth.seriously認(rèn)真（嚴(yán)肅）對(duì)待某事takesth.lightly:草率對(duì)待某事as隨著過去分詞做定語claimtohavedonesth：聲稱曾經(jīng)作過某事confirm:besure,becertainsearch=huntleavebehind：把某物留在后面Whereverhewent,thewoundsoldierleftbehindhimatrailofblood.傷員所到之處，都留下道道血跡。英文的表達(dá)方式重點(diǎn)在于突出客觀事實(shí)，而中文則善于運(yùn)用動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者complainof/about:抱怨on+名詞：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行ontherise:在上升ontheincrease:在增加onthewatch:在觀看onthematch:在比賽中onthefishingtrip:在釣魚的途中onholiday:在度假fully:completely,entirelyinthepossessionofsb==insb'spossession歸某人所有inpossessionofsth.擁有某物takepossessionof擁有eg:Thebeautifulcarisinmypossession/inthepossessionofme.Iaminpossessionofthebeautifulcar.Thepersoninpossessionofthebighouseisexcited.Itisdisturbingtothinkthat一想到………就心里不安eg:ItisdisturbingtothinkthatIfeltmyexamination.Lesson2Thirteenequalsone十三等于一一、【Text】課文Ourvicarisalwaysraisingmoneyforonecauseoranother,buthehasnevermanagedtogetenoughmoneytohavethechurchclockrepaired.Thebigclockwhichusedtostrikethehoursdayandnightwasdamagedmanyyearsagoandhasbeensilenteversince.Onenight,however,ourvicarwokeupwithastart:theclockwasstrikingthehours!Lookingathiswatch,hesawthatitwasoneo'clock,butthebellstruckthirteentimesbeforeitstopped.Armedwithatorch,thevicarwentupintotheclocktowertoseewhatwasgoingon.Inthetorchlight,hecaughtsightofafigurewhomheimmediatelyrecognizedasBillWilkins,ourlocalgrocer.'WhateverareyoudoinguphereBill?'askedthevicarinsurprise.'I'mtryingtorepairthebell,'answeredBill.'I'vebeencomingupherenightafternightforweeksnow.Yousee,Iwashopingtogiveyouasurprise.''Youcertainlydidgivemeasurprise!'saidthevicar.'You'veprobablywokenupeveryoneinthevillageaswell.Still,I'mgladthebellisworkingagain.''That'sthetrouble,vicar,'answeredBill.'It'sworkingallright,butI'mafraidthatatoneo'clockitwillstrikethirteentimesandthere'snothingIcandoaboutit.''We'llgetusedtothat,Bill,'saidthevicar.'Thirteenisnotasgoodasone,butit'sbetterthannothing.Nowlet'sgodownstairsandhaveacupoftea.'二、【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語◆equalv.等于◆raisev.募集；籌（款）◆vicarn.牧師◆torchlightn.電筒光★equalv.等于AequalB與…相匹敵Noneofuscanequalher,eitherinbeautyorasadancer.eg:MaryisquiteequaltoJohninbrains.beequalto+n:1.與…相匹敵2.有能力做某事to-介詞eg:Iamequaltorunningthecompany.★raisev.募集；籌（款）raisemoney籌款raiseprice提高raiseahorse飼養(yǎng)raiseafamily供養(yǎng)raisewheet種植小麥raiseanarmy招募raiseashout發(fā)出喊聲★vicarn.牧師★torchlightn.電筒光三、【課文精析】現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和always等頻度副詞的搭配——表示說話人帶有的情感色彩Tomisalwaysdoinghomework.Tomisalwaysdoeshishomework.Heisalwaysmakingnoises.oneoranother：表示某種、這樣或那樣getenoughmoney：籌集足夠的資金來做某事Ihavetogetenoughmoneytohavemyhouserepaired.havethechurchclockrepairedhavesth.done找某人來做某事havetheplanerepairedhavehaircut某人所遭受到的意外某種情況主語必須是發(fā)出動(dòng)作的人Hiswalletwasstolen.Hehadhiswalletstolen.usedto:過去常常做，而現(xiàn)在不再發(fā)生的事情了Heusedtosmokeeveryday.however用于口語，主要用于句首，作文中，最好用在句中、句尾，要用逗號(hào)分隔開來Hesaidthatitwasso,hewasmistake,however.or:Hesaidthatitwasso,however,hewasmistake.Iknowhisstory,however,Iwouldn’tliketotellyou.Iknowhisstory,I,however,wouldn’tliketotellyou.however可用neverthelessnonetheless替換start:驚跳、驚奇Eg:Thevoicemadehimstart.Whatastartyougiveme.你真嚇了我一跳Hestoodupwithastart.before…才Nearlyaweekpastbeforehecouldexplainwhathadhappentohim.Armedwithatorch…現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的用法分詞做狀語/定語時(shí)，一定要注意它和邏輯主語要呼應(yīng)一致recognizedsbas：認(rèn)出某人是regardsbas,thinkofsbas,treatsbas(把某人對(duì)待為),haveonsbas（把某人尊敬為）whatever:ever用來加強(qiáng)語氣nightafternight：一夜連著一夜dayafterday/yearafteryear/weekafterweek/busafterbusKeysentence:youcertainlydidgiveme…did肯定句中常用do,did,does加強(qiáng)語氣和情感色彩，一定要位于動(dòng)詞原形之前。Eg:Youdolikebeautytoday.aswell用在句尾相當(dāng)于too,主要用在肯定句中，但比too所表達(dá)的語意更優(yōu)秀still用于句首，用逗號(hào)分隔開來，表達(dá)一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系。雖然如此，但是getusedto,beusedtodo,beaccustomedto,getaccustomedto都表示習(xí)慣于get強(qiáng)調(diào)漸進(jìn)的過程，be強(qiáng)調(diào)習(xí)慣了的狀態(tài)Eg:Weareusedtothecoldweatherhere.Youwillgetusedtothecoldweatherhere.你很快會(huì)適應(yīng)這寒冷的天氣的。Lesson3Anunknowngoddess無名女神一、【Text】課文Sometimeago，aninterestingdiscoverywasmadebyarchaeologistsontheAegeanislandofKea．AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichstandsinanancientcityonthepromontoryofAyiaIrini．Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous，foritenjoyedahighlevelofcivilization．Houses--oftenthreestoreyshighwerebuiltofstone．Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls．Thecitywasevenequippedwithadrainagesystem，foragreatmanyclaypipeswerefoundbeneaththenarrowstreets．ThetemplewhichthearchaeologistsexploredwasusedasaplaceofworshipfromthefifteenthcenturyB.C.untilRomantimes.Inthemostsacredroomofthetemple,clayfragmentsoffifteenstatueswerefound.Eachoftheserepresentedagoddessandhad,atonetime,beenpainted.ThebodyofonestatuewasfoundamongremainsdatingfromthefifteenthcenturyB.C.ItsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifthcenturyB.C.ThisheadmusthavebeenfoundinClassicaltimesandcarefullypreserved.Itwasveryoldandpreciouseventhen.Whenthearchaeologistsreconstructedthefragments,theywereamazedtofindthatthegoddessturnedouttobeaverymodern-lookingwoman.Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonherhip.Shewaswearingafull-lengthskirtwhichswepttheground.Despitehergreatage,shewasverygracefulindeed,but,sofar,thearchaeologistshavebeenunabletodiscoverheridentity.二、【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語◆goddessn.女神◆archaeologistn.考古學(xué)家◆Aegeanadj.愛琴海的v.考察，勘探n.海角◆explore◆promontory◆prosperous◆civilizationadj.（經(jīng)濟(jì)上）繁榮的，昌盛的n.文明n.樓層◆drainagen.排水◆storey◆worship◆sacredn.崇拜adj.宗教的，神圣的◆fragmentn.碎片◆remainsn.遺物，遺跡，廢墟◆classicaladj.（希臘羅馬）古文化的◆reconstructv.修復(fù)◆restv.倚放，放置◆hipn.屁股，臀部◆full-lengthadj.（裙衣）拖地長的◆gracefuladj.優(yōu)雅的◆identityn.身份★goddessn.女神★archaeologistn.考古學(xué)家★Aegeanadj.愛琴海的★explorev.考察，勘探Thearchaeologistsareexploringthecave.explorationn.explorern.探險(xiǎn)家★promontoryn.海角★prosperousadj.（經(jīng)濟(jì)上）繁榮的，昌盛的Ourfinanceisprosperous.thriving昌盛的，興旺的booming蓬勃的，景氣的flourishing繁茂的，健康的★civilizationn.文明highlevelofcivilization高度文明civilizev.★storeyn.樓層★drainagen.排水★worshipn.崇拜respect;admireWhodoyouworshipinthworld?warshipn.軍艦戰(zhàn)船★sacredadj.宗教的，神圣的holyadj.神圣的，圣潔的solemnadj.莊嚴(yán)的，莊重的sacredmusic圣樂sacredpromise神圣的諾言★fragmentn.碎片★remainsn.遺物，遺跡，廢墟★classicaladj.（希臘羅馬）古文化的classicalmusic古典音樂classicaleducation人文科學(xué)教育classicadj.第一流的Thisisaclassicexampleofloveatthefirstsight.classicn.杰作，經(jīng)典之作★reconstructv.修復(fù)re-重新，再次construct構(gòu)造，建造，組織buildhouse造建筑物putupatentconstructasentenceconstructabrokenstatuaryerect:buildhighbuildingserectmonument建造紀(jì)念碑erectclocktower建造鐘樓setup;establish;found建立Eg:setupstudents’unionestablishaschool/rulefoundacountryconstructionn.constructiveadj.有教育意義的constructorn.建設(shè)者★restv.倚放，放置★hipn.屁股，臀部[口]在服用興奮劑，宗教信仰方面趕時(shí)髦的人；消息靈通人士；adj.通曉的，見聞廣的Eg:Haryisarealhip.瑪麗真是趕時(shí)髦Theguyisn’tahip.這家伙什么都不懂joinedatthehip表示交情極厚的Eg:Thesetwoarejoinedatthehip.shootfromthehip信口開河Eg:Sorry,IsaidthatIshouldn’thaveshotfromthehip.★full-lengthadj.（裙衣）拖地長的afull-lengthdress★gracefuladj.優(yōu)雅的agracefulladyelegant(behavier)★identityn.身份三、【課文精析】aninterestingdiscovery：強(qiáng)調(diào)discovery，體現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)動(dòng)作被考古學(xué)家做出主動(dòng)語態(tài)難以突出重點(diǎn)archaeologistsmadeaninterestingdiscovery英文表達(dá)：結(jié)果、影響、效果為主語，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)客觀事實(shí)的陳述Keysentence:AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhich…which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾限定templewhichstandsinanancientcityon…which=that;stand=lie,situate(vt.)locate(vt.)AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichislocated/situatedin…AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichliein…stand表示高高坐落于，矗立于Eg:Shestands1.75m./Agreattreestandsonthemount.Keysentence:Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous，forit…for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，對(duì)主句的附加說明because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，重點(diǎn)突出原因Eg:Thedaybrokeforthebirdsweresinging.atonetime:表達(dá)曾經(jīng)，一度；過去時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志，oncemusthavebeen對(duì)過去事實(shí)肯定的推測(cè)enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.享有高度文明with…Eg:ayoungmanwithbroadshoulders/anoldladywithblackhairbeautifullydecorated過去分詞做定語abeautifullydressedlady衣著漂亮的女士/adesertedcarpark廢棄的停車場(chǎng)awhitepainteddoor被粉刷成白色的門現(xiàn)在分詞做定語，被修飾詞與修飾詞之間為；邏輯主動(dòng)關(guān)系aboyclimbingthetree/thestudentsreadingintheroomKeysentence:Thecitywasevenequippedwith…for…werefound…beequippedwith配備，裝備Eg:thecarwasequippedwithairconditioning.for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句beneaththenarrowstreets/underthenarrowstreetsprep.beneath=under正下方Heisstandingunder/beneaththeumbrella.under:在進(jìn)行中，undercontrol控制之中；underdiscussion討論之中；underrepairs修理之中below:在下方，強(qiáng)調(diào)斜下方Eg:Sheissittingbelowthewindow.beusedas/beusedtobe把…用作為Eg:Theboxwasusedasadeskinthesmallvillageschool.Thewoodenboxwasusedasabookcase.Thewoodenboxisusedtocontainbooks.Inthemostsacredroomof…Eachoftheserepresented…beenpainted.representvt.代表Irepresentalltheclassmates.Thebodyofonestatuewasfound…dating現(xiàn)在分詞，修飾remainsthecustomsdatingfrom1990datefrom追溯到，從…開始Thetraditiondatesfromthetimewhenhisgrandfatherwasyoung.Thecastledatesfromthe14thcentury.Thecastledatesbacktothecentury.Keysentence:Itsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsof…h(huán)appento強(qiáng)調(diào)事情的偶然發(fā)生Eg:Ihappentohavedriventhatkindofcar.我恰巧開過那種汽車。Hehappenedtofindtheticketinhispocket.他恰巧在口袋里找到那張票。句式：Ithappensthat……Eg:IthappnesthatImetheronmywaytoworkIhappenedtomeetheronmywaytoworkhappenon巧遇，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn),偶遇Eg:Ihappendonthisoldpictureinthebackofthedrawer.Guess,whoIhappendonwhileIwasinLondonlastmonth?reconstruct:puttogether,piecetogether,restore四個(gè)形容詞:surprised;astonished;amazed;astounded感到驚訝的，語氣遞增astonished:muchsurprisedamazed:verymuchsurprised驚奇astounded非常驚訝，尺愕，驚奇tofind…/todiscover…/torealize…I’mnotsurprisedtoseeyouhere.turnout表明結(jié)果turnout(tobe)+n./adj.Eg:Ourpartyturnedout(tobe)asuccesstheconcertturnedouttobefailure.Itturnedoutthat…………原來是(表示結(jié)果)that從句，或其他名詞從句，it作形式主語Eg:Itturnedoutthatthediamondhadbeeninthebankallthetime.Itturnedoutthathisstatementwasfalse.asitturnsout人們后來發(fā)現(xiàn)Eg:Asitturnsout,therewasnotneedtoworry.Asitturnsout,thereportwasmistaken.人們后來發(fā)現(xiàn),這篇報(bào)告被弄錯(cuò)了。Keysentence:Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonthhips.reston=dependon,leanonHishandrestedlightlyonmyshoulder.whichswepttheground進(jìn)一步說明拖地的，曳地的despite/inspiteof+n./動(dòng)名詞Keysentence:Itisstillaproblemforthearchaeologistsuptonow.sofar,uptonow都是完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志discoverheridentity:findoutheidentityLesson4ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs阿爾弗雷德。布洛格斯的雙重生活一、【Text】課文Thesedays,peoplewhodomanualworkoftenreceivefarmoremoneythanpeoplewhoworkinoffices.Peoplewhoworkinofficesarefrequentlyreferredtoas‘white-collarworkers'forthesimplereasonthattheyusuallywearacollarandtietogotowork.Suchishumannature,thatagreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.Thiscangiverisetocurioussituations,asitdidinthecaseofAlfredBloggswhoworkedasadustmanfortheEllesmereCorporation.Whenhegotmarried,Alfwastooembarrassedtosayanythingtohiswifeabouthisjob.HesimplytoldherthatheworkedfortheCorporation.Everymorning,helefthomedressedinasmartblacksuit.Hethenchangedintooverallsandspentthenexteighthoursasadustman.Beforereturninghomeatnight,hetookashowerandchangedbackintohissuit.Alfdidthisforovertwoyearsandhisfellowdustmenkepthissecret.AlF'swifehasneverdiscoveredthatshemarriedadustmanandsheneverwill,forAlfhasjustfoundanotherjob.Hewillsoonbeworkinginanoffice.Hewillbeearningonlyhalfasmuchasheusedto,buthefeelsthathisriseinstatusiswellworththelossofmoney.Fromnowon,hewillwearasuitalldayandotherswillcallhim'Mr.Bloggs',not'Alf'.二、【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語◆manualadj.體力的◆collarn.衣領(lǐng)◆sacrificev.犧牲，獻(xiàn)出◆privilegen.好處◆dustmann.清潔工◆corporation◆overallsn.公司n.工作服n.淋浴◆shower◆secretn.秘密◆statusn.地位★manualadj.體力的=physicalmanualwork:體力工作mentalwork:腦力工作★collarn.衣領(lǐng)white-collar:白領(lǐng)(domentalwork)blue-collar:藍(lán)領(lǐng)（domanualwork）(get)hotunderthecollar:怒氣沖天★sacrificev.犧牲，獻(xiàn)出vt.togiveupforgoodpurposeEg:sacrificeone’slifeforthecountrysacrificetimen.makemanysacrifices★privilegen.好處=advantage特權(quán)（=specialright）犧牲掉自己的好處：sacrificeone’sadvantage/rivilege特許某人做某事：givesb.therivilegeofdoingsth.privilegedadj.榮幸的★overallsn.工作服男工作服；overall女工作服★secretn.秘密adj.keepsecret:保密It’sbetweenyouandme.I’llkeepittomyself.confidential:機(jī)密的insecret:私下里=secretly,inprivate,privatelyIhesecret:知道內(nèi)情Hewasinthesecretfromthebeginning.★statusn.地位=socialpositions-t-a-t-u-ss-t-a-t-u-e:雕像，塑像★corporationn.公司★showern.淋浴★dustmann.清潔工三、【課文精析】peoplewhodomanualwork=>blue-collarworkerspeoplewhoworkinoffices/domentalwork=>white-collarworkersfarmoremoneyfar--副詞，用來強(qiáng)調(diào)語氣==muchreferto…as==regard…as把…看作為Ialwaysrefertohimasbookworm(書呆子).forthesimplereason=>for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句forthereasonthat比because正式，因此多用于正式文體humannature人性化such…that…that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說明such的基本內(nèi)涵Hiskindnesswassuchthatwewillneverforgethim.=>Suchwashiskindness…Suchishumannaturethatwewanttogetalotofthingsfree.Such用在句首，要倒裝Suchishumannature,thatagreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.介詞for表示一種目的bewillingtodosth.==bereadytodosth.心甘情愿做…giveriseto,leadto,cause:引起，惹起=resultinSuchconductmightgiverisetomisunderstandings.Thecaseof:至于，就……而言Eg:Stealingisnoshameinthecaseofhim.incaseof:(連)萬一，以防Eg:Youshouldensureyourhouseincaseoffire.Who引導(dǎo)定語從句Tooembarrassedtosay:太尷尬而沒有說明beashamedofgetmarriedmarryv.如果強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作：Hemarriedthegirl…如果表示狀態(tài)：getmarried,bemarried如果表明和某人已經(jīng)結(jié)婚多長時(shí)間了：bemarriedtosb.Theoldmanhasbeenmarriedtohiswife50years.Too…to…,太…而不能simplyadv.用來修飾限定動(dòng)詞tolddressedinasmartblacksuit形容詞短語表示一種狀態(tài)Eg:Hegottoworkdressedinabeautifulcoat.Helefthomewearingasmartblacksuit.Changedinto:換上Beforereturninghome==Beforehereturnedhome在before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，return的邏輯主語和主句的主語he是保持一致的，所以這個(gè)時(shí)間狀語是由介詞before和動(dòng)名詞搭配而成，相當(dāng)于before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。如果運(yùn)用動(dòng)名詞形式，動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語必須是主句的主語。Aftergettinghome,hehadagoodrest.Beforehavingdinner,hefinishedallhishomework.Sheneverwill=shewillneverdiscoverthesecret在省略句式中，never要放在助動(dòng)詞之前。‘Willyougotoseeher?’‘Iwillnevergotoseeher.’/‘No,Ineverwill.’halfasmuchas(heusedto):是…的一半half(aquarter,twice,threetimes)as…as…表示倍數(shù)Iwon’tmarryamanwhoistwiceasoldasme.Wegotthreetimesasmanypeopleasweexected.Thisroomisaboutthreetimesaslargeasthatone.…as(形容詞或副詞原形)as…是…幾倍比…多幾倍：…times(形容詞或副詞比較級(jí))Thisroadisfourtimeslongerthanthatone.=>Thisroadisfivetimesaslongasthatone.iswellworththelossofmoneyWhatheobtainediswellworththelossoftimeWell副詞用來加強(qiáng)語氣，修飾形容詞worthLesson5Thefacts確切數(shù)字一、【Text】課文Editorsofnewspapersandmagazinesoftengotoextremestoprovidetheirreaderswithunimportantfactsandstatistics.Lastyearajournalisthadbeeninstructedbyawell-knownmagazinetowriteanarticleonthepresident'spalaceinanewAfricanrepublic.Whenthearticlearrived,theeditorreadthefirstsentenceandthenrefusedtopublishit.Thearticlebegan:'Hundredsofstepsleadtothehighwallwhichsurroundsthepresident'spalace.'Theeditoratoncesentthejournalistatelegraminstructinghimtofindouttheexactnumberofstepsandtheheightofthewall.Thejournalistimmediatelysetouttoobtaintheseimportantfacts,buthetookalongtimetosendthem.Meanwhile,theeditorwasgettingimpatient,forthemagazinewouldsoongotopress.Hesentthejournalisttwomorefaxes,butreceivednoreply.Hesentyetanotherfaxinformingthejournalistthatifhedidnotreplysoonhewouldbefired.Whenthejournalistagainfailedtoreply,theeditorreluctantlypublishedthearticleasithadoriginallybeenwritten.Aweeklater,theeditoratlastreceivedatelegramfromthejournalist.Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenarrested,buthehadbeensenttoprisonaswell.However,hehadatlastbeenallowedtosendafaxinwhichheinformedtheeditorthathehadbeenarrestedwhilecountingthe1,084stepsleadingtothefifteen-footwallwhichsurroundedthepresident'spalace.二、【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語◆editorn.編輯◆extremen.極端◆statisticsn.統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字◆journalistn.新聞?dòng)浾摺魀residentn.總統(tǒng)◆palacen.王宮；宏偉的住宅v.出版◆publish◆faxn.傳真◆impatientadj.不耐煩的◆firev.解雇◆originallyadv.起初，原先，從前★editorn.編輯editvt.編輯editionn.編輯editorialadj.編輯的，主編的；n.社論，評(píng)論★extremen.極端gotoextreme(s)todo走極端Eg:Hewenttoextremetosaythattheplaywasthebestone.Hewenttoextremestosaythathisgirlfriendwasthemostbeautifulintheworld.gofromoneextremetotheother★statisticsn.統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字★journalistn.新聞?dòng)浾遤ournalist(雜志)新聞?dòng)浾遰eproter(電視臺(tái))記者correspondent(電臺(tái))記者，通訊員★presidentn.總統(tǒng)★palacen.王宮；宏偉的住宅★publishv.出版Eg:Theyhavealreadypublishedthemagazine.=printvt.Eg:thebookhasalreadybeenpublished.Thebookhasgonetopress.★faxn.傳真sentafax★impatientadj.不耐煩的patientadj.有耐心的patientlyadv.有耐心地impatientadj.不耐煩的impatientlyadv.不耐煩地patiencen.impatience★firev.解雇Hewasfiredfromhisjob.dismass(正式)Themanagerdisissedhimfromhiscompany.sack(俚語)vt.解雇，辭退Eg:Ifyoudoitwrongagainyouwillbesacked.★originallyadv.起初，原先，從前originaladj.三、【課文精析】gotoextremes走極端provide=supply給…，提供（通常與介詞搭配連用）provedesb.Withsth./providesth.forsb.Heprovidedthemwithabedforthenight.Heprovidedabedforthemforthenight.instructsb.todosth==tellsb.formallytodosth.正式告訴某人做某事‘…ajournalisthadbeeninstructedbyawell-knownmagazinetowriteanarticleonthepresident'spalaceinanewAfricanrepublic.’主動(dòng)語態(tài)：Awell-knownmagazineinstructedajournalisttowriteanarticleonthepresident'spalaceinanewAfricanrepublic.’Theteacherinstructedhimtotaketheexamination.on==about側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)課題專一AbookonradioWhenthearticlearrived=Whentheeditorreceivedthearticlerefusetopublishitrefuse:vt.拒絕（態(tài)度嚴(yán)厲）decline:vt.婉言謝絕repudiate:vt.斷然拒絕which指代thehighwallinstructing—現(xiàn)在分詞進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說明fax的情況setouttodosth.==decideandtrytodo決定，打算，著手做=setaboutdoingEg:Hesetouttomakehisfirst1,000,000in5yearstakesb.alongtimetodosth.某事花了某人很久的時(shí)間Ittookmefivedaystowritethearticle.twomorefaxes=anothertwofaxesfailtoreluctantly=unwillingly勉勉強(qiáng)強(qiáng)地，不情愿地asithadoriginallybeenwritten=initsoriginalway倒裝簡述：notonly位于句首，必須采用倒裝形式Thepoormanhadnotonlybeenarrested,buthadbeensenttoprisonaswell.1．否定副詞位于句首，要倒裝。NeverhaveIreadsuchstories.我從來沒有讀過這樣的小說。Nowherecanhefindthebookhewants.無論在哪兒他都找不到他想要的那本書。HardlydidIthinkitpossible.我并不認(rèn)為這是可能的。常用的否定副詞：never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely,nowhere,nosooner2．含有only的狀語位于句首，句子要倒裝Onlythendidherealizethathehadmadeamistake.只有到那個(gè)時(shí)候，他才認(rèn)識(shí)到自己犯了個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。Onlywhenagreatdealmoreinformationhasbeenobtainedwillitbepossibletoplanatrip.只有獲得比較多的信息之后，才有可能計(jì)劃去旅行。3．還有not的副詞短語位于句首，要倒裝。notforamoment,notintheleast,notforaninstant,notuntilNotintheleastisheinterestedinEnglshliterature.他對(duì)英國文學(xué)一點(diǎn)都不感興趣。Notforaninstantdidibelievehehadlied.4．含有no的短語位于句首，句子要倒裝。atnotime,innoway,innosence,bynomeans,innocase,onnoaccount,onnocondition,undernocircumstances.‘絕不’Undernocircumstancescanweaccpetthecheck.無論如何我們不能接受這筆錢。Onnoaccountmustyouleavethebabyinthehouse.你無論如何也不能把嬰兒留在房間里。5．so,suh位于句首，句子也要倒裝。Hehadatlastbeenallowed=hehadatlastbeenpermitted=hehadaskedforpermissionbeallowedtodo,bepermittedtodo,askedforpermissiontodosth.：請(qǐng)求允許，被允許inwhichwhich指代faxwhile和現(xiàn)在分詞搭配，做時(shí)間狀語，表示“正在做某事的過程中”，可以用while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句去替換。whilehewascounting…leadingto現(xiàn)在分詞，通向thestepsleadingtothepresident’spalacetheroadleadingtotheforestfifteen-foot做前置定語，這里的名詞必須是單數(shù)形式which指代wall(避免和前面的句式結(jié)構(gòu)相同)Lesson6Smash-andgrab砸櫥窗搶劫一、【Text】課文TheexpensiveshopsinafamousarcadenearPiccadillywerejustopening.Atthistimeofthemorning,thearcadewasalmostempty.MrTaylor,theownerofajewelleryshopwasadmiringanewwindowdisplay.Twoofhisassistantshadbeenworkingbusilysince8o'clockandhadonlyjustfinished.Diamondnecklacesandringshadbeenbeautifullyarrangedonabackgroundofblackvelvet.Aftergazingatthedisplayforseveralminutes,MrTaylorwentbackintohisshop.Thesilencewassuddenlybrokenwhenalargecar,withitsheadlightsonanditshornblaring,roareddownthearcade.Itcametoastopoutsidethejeweler's.Onemanstayedatthewheelwhiletwootherswithblackstockingsovertheirfacesjumpedoutandsmashedthewindowoftheshopwithironbars.Whilethiswasgoingon,MrTaylorwasupstairs.Heandhisstaffbeganthrowingfurnitureoutofthewindow.Chairsandtableswentflyingintothearcade.Oneofthethieveswasstruckbyaheavystatue,buthewastoobusyhelpinghimselftodiamondstonoticeanypain.Theraidwasalloverinthreeminutes,forthemenscrambledbackintothecaranditmovedoffatafantasticspeed.Justasitwasleaving,MrTaylorrushedoutandranafteritthrowingashtraysandvases,butitwasimpossibletostopthethieves.Theyhadgotawaywiththousandsofpoundsworthofdiamonds.二、【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語◆smash-and-grabn.砸櫥窗搶劫◆arcaden.有拱廊的街道（兩旁常設(shè)商店）◆Piccadillyn.皮卡迪利大街◆jewelleryn.珠寶（總稱）◆necklacen.項(xiàng)鏈◆ringn.戒指◆backgroundn.背景◆veletn.天鵝絨，絲絨◆headlightn.（汽車等）前燈◆blare