河北工程大學英語協(xié)會之新視野四第六單元

OBJECTIVESforUnit6Toknowthephenomenonofbriberyandthethreattopolicemen;Todeliveropiniononthetopicofbribery;Totalkaboutthethreattoyourlife;Tolearnthewritingtechnique—listing+examples;河北工程大學英語協(xié)會歡迎您BriberyandBusinessEthics

Unit6SectionATextStudyWritingFunTimeLead-inLead-inInteractiveModeIInteractiveModeIIInteractiveModeIII123Lead-in

Ourtopictodayis“Bribery”.Likeitornot,almosteverydaywitnessesreportsaboutgovernmentofficialsaccusedoftakingbribes.Ineffect,briberyhasbecomeaninternationaldisease.Astheworldtradegrows,sodoesbribery.Todaylet’stakeacloser

lookintotheissue:BackQ1:Inwhatformsdoesbriberycome?BackTipsTips1)Money;2)Goods;3)Services;4)Securitiesorstockshares;5)Extradiscounts;6)Nepotism;7)…InteractiveModeIQ2:What'sthenegativeeffectofcommercialbribery?TipsTips1)Underminingthebasicprinciplesof

marketeconomyandmarketorder;2)Hinderingfaircompetition/affectingtheinvestmentenvironment;3)Damagingthelegitimaterightsandinterests/leadingtoalotofunexpectedpubliceventsandothersocialproblems;4)…InteractiveModeIIBackQ3:Whatcanwedotorestoreethicsinbusiness?TipsTips

Primaryfocusshouldbeonseparationofbusinessfrompolitics;2)Uproottheregionalprotectionism;3)Cultivateastrongsenseoffairnessandhonesty;4)…InteractiveModeIIIBack

Understanding

Summary

StructureAnalysis

FocusStudyTextStudy

ReproductionBack

Thepassagefocusesonasocialphenomenoninbusiness—bribery.Toconveyhisideasclearlytothereader,thepatternofwritingthewriteradoptsforthistopicisasfollows:StructureAnalysis&UnderstandingTextStudy—StructureAnalysisNowlet’smakeadetailedanalysisofthetextthroughdynamicinteraction:

BackProblem

AnalysisSolutionBriberyandBusinessEthics

TextStudy—StructureAnalysisStructureAnalysisTextStudy—StructureAnalysisTextPartI(Paras.1~4)ProblemPartII(Paras.5~8)AnalysisPartIII(Paras.9~11)SolutionBackBackInteractiveAnalysisofTextInteractiveAnalysisofTextUnderstandingIntheseverecompetitivesociety,businessmenwanttoachievetheirgoalsbyusingvariouskindsofmeans.Facinghugeprofits,somefinditdifficulttokeepbalancebetweenmoralstandardandbusinessinterest.Herecomesaproblem:briberyorbusinessethics?TextStudy—Understandingviewpoint:PartI.Bribery—acommonoccurrenceinmanycountries(Paras.1~4)TextStudy—Understandingexample1:example2:conclusion:bribery,ontheincrease,awayoflifenegotiationwithgovernmentofficial

Britishcarmanufacturerbribery,afactofcommerciallifeTextStudy—UnderstandingInthispart,awritingtechniqueisemployedhere:PartII.Threecategoriesofbribery(Paras.5~8)Listing+ExamplesPartII

Category1Category2Category3Example1Example2Example3TextStudy—UnderstandingThe1stcategory:for_______________,to___________________.politicalpurposessecuremajorcontractsOneUScorporationofferedalargesumofmoneyinsupportofaUSpresidentialcandidate…Example:TextStudy—UnderstandingThe2ndcategory:to_________________________,to______________________________________.obtainquickerofficialapprovalspeedupthewheelasalesmanagerwhohadbeentryingforsomemonthstosellroadmachinerytotheMinisterofWorks…Example:ofgovernmentTextStudy—UnderstandingThe3rdcategory:topaypeopletohelpwiththe_______ofabusinessdeal.passageSomeMiddleEastcountrieswouldbeincludedonthislist,aswellascertainAsiancountries.Example:TextStudy—Understanding1.Whoismakingeffortstoprohibitbribery?2.Howtoprohibitbribery?3.Whatistheprospect?PartIII.Effortstoprohibitbriberyanditsprospect(Paras.9~11)ICC.Setupacodeofconductthatwouldbangivingandseekingofbribes.OpinionsdifferamongmembersoftheICC.Itisdifficulttosquarebusinessinterestswithmoralconscience.

II.FocusStudyNotestotheText—FocusStudy

WordsandPhrases

II.DifficultSentences

WordsandPhrases1.ethics

n.

(pl.)moralrulesorprinciples道德

(sing.)sciencethatdealswithmoral倫理學

Medicalethics__(don’t/doesn't)permitthe

doctortodothat.

FillintheblanksWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

Ethics__(are/is)abranchofphilosophy.ethics

virtueWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

moral2.

ontheincrease

increasinge.g.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

Crimeisonthe

increase.Translation據(jù)統(tǒng)計，中國上半年的GDP持增長勢頭。KeyItisestimatedthatChina’sGDPisontheincreaseinthefirsthalfyear.Ontheincrease從生態(tài)平衡角度看，人類的智慧并未隨著財富的積累而增長。

Intermsofecologicalbalance,man’swisdomhasnotbeenontheincreasealongwiththebuildupofwealth.

多虧彼此的思想溝通，他們的關系正得到改善。

Thankstotheirmutualexchangesofideas,theirrelationshipisonthemend.

onthedeclineonthewaneonthemend

在下降；在衰退中:在削弱；正在衰落:

在痊愈中；在改善中:

3.standby

1)toremainloyalto,esp.inadifficultsituation;2)toremainfaithfultoapromise,agreement;3)toremaininactivewhenactionisneeded.

Hisparentsstoodbyhimduringhisyearsinprison.

IstandbywhatIsaidearlier.Howcanyoustandbyanddonothingwhensheneedshelp?e.g.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

tostandbyone’sprinciples堅持原則:

在充滿誘惑的時代，堅持行為準則比貪財圖利更難能可貴。Inatimefulloftemptation,itismoredifficultofattainmenttostandbyone’sprinciplesofconductthantosellouttoconvenience.這份報告控告政府的失職。Thereportaccusedthegovernmentofshirkingitsresponsibilities.4.accusesb.ofsth.

tochargesb.withdoingwrongorbreakingthelawWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

TranslationKeye.g.Hewasaccusedofmurder.chargesbwithsthcriticizesbfordoingsthWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

Moreblamesthonsbblamesbfordoingsth5.inprivate私下里，秘密地:他最不愿意和口是心非的人打交道。Heismostreluctanttohavedealingswiththosewhocomplyinpublicbutundermineinprivate.

他養(yǎng)成了事無巨細,事必躬親的習慣。

Hehasdevelopedthehabitofattendingtoeverything,bigorsmall,inperson.

?inpublic?inperson?inreality

當眾；公開地:

親自；親身:

實際上:6.to

throw

out拋棄；拒絕接受人要脫胎換骨，首先要拋棄的是思維定式Foronetoundergoacompletechange,thefirstthingtothrowoutisone’sfixedpatternofthinking.

他將痛苦埋藏心中，全身心地投入到工作中。

Havingburiedthepaininhisheart,hethrewhimselfintohisworkheartandsoul.

tothrowoneselfinto?tothrowofftothrowover

投入:

擺脫:放棄，背棄:

7.hitupon

tothinkofanideaunexpectedly我們終于找到了解決方法。Wefinallyhituponasolution.TranslationKeyWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

e.g.Shehitupontheperfecttitleforhernewnovel.Hit

on/upon通常情況下，科學家們許多偶然的發(fā)現(xiàn)，實際上是其多年努力的必然結(jié)果。Generallyspeaking,manydiscoveriesscientistshituponare,ineffect,anaturalresultoftheirmanyyearsofefforts.

她年輕時就愛扮演老太太的角色，而且模仿得惟妙惟肖。

Whenshewasyoung,shewasfondofplayingtheroleofoldladies,andhitthemofftoperfection.

tohitback?

tohitoff?tohitup

回擊，反擊:

模仿得很像:請求:8.amountto

tobeequalinquantityorinmeaningWhatdoeshisreplymean?Hisreplyamountstoarefusal/approval…TipsUseitWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

e.g.Ourdebtsamounttoover$1000.to

amount

to等于；相當于:如果你總是這樣渾渾噩噩地生活，你一生都不會取得什么成就。Ifyoualwaysliveinastateofignorance,youwillneveramounttoanythingallyourlife.9.behaveoneself

toactinawaythatpeoplethinkiscorrectorproperHeisnow20,it’stimethathestartedbehavinghimself.

我希望孩子們規(guī)矩點。

他現(xiàn)在二十歲了，該是規(guī)矩行事的時候了。

Ihopethechildrenbehavethemselves.TranslationWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

Key10.square…with

tomaketwoideas,factsagreewitheachother;toagreeortobeconsistentwithanotheridea,factHisstatementdoesn’tsquarewiththefacts.

e.g.KeyWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

TranslationTheyhavetriedtopersuademetojointhem,butIcan’tsquareitwithmyconscience.他們極力勸說我和他們一起干，但是我沒辦法違背自己的良心。Square…withTheofficial,thoughathomewiththeartofflattering,isstillafraidoffailuretosquarehisconductwiththeintentionofhissuperior.這個官員雖精通奉承之道，但仍擔心不能使自己的行為符合領導的意圖。我不在意你找我商量解決什么事,而在意你要達到什么目的。

Idon’tcareaboutwhatyouhavetosquareupwithme,butaboutwhatintentionyouliketoaccomplish.

tosquareaway?tosquareoff?tosquareup

做好準備；整頓就緒安撫；撫慰：解決；辦理

II.DifficultSentences1.Studentstakingbusinesscoursesaresometimesalittlesurprisedtofindthat…(para.)

Practice

Sentencepattern:Sb.bealittle(much/very)surprised(distressed/delighted/disappointed/excited/depressed)tofind/know/learnthat…某人對······略（甚）感驚訝/憂慮/高興/掃興/興奮/沮喪。我們高興地注意到，在世界經(jīng)濟不景氣的背景下，歐盟企業(yè)越來越看好中國的市場。Wearedelightedtolearnthat,againstthebackgroundofglobaleconomicrecession,EUenterprisesaregivingmoreconfidencetotheChinesemarket.

2.Suppose

thatduringanegotiationwithsomegovernmentofficials,theMinisterofTrade...

Practice

1.suppose(that)…=whatwould/willhappenif…2.Sentencepattern:Sb.makeitcleartoonethatifonedoessth.,onewillfinditmucheasiertodosth.else.某人向人明確表示，如果能做某事，那么做成另一事就會容易得多。

假如你發(fā)現(xiàn)了你自己的同事受賄，你會不會無動于衷呢？

假如你吸煙吸得很厲害并想戒掉這個習慣，你從哪里可以得到幫助呢？

Supposeyoufoundoutthatyourcolleaguetakesbribes,wouldyoujustignoreit?

Supposeyouareaveryheavysmokerandare

anxioustobreakthehabit,wherecouldyougethelp?TranslationKey她向下屬明確表示：如果能深諳職業(yè)規(guī)則，那么升職就容易得多。Shemadeitcleartohersubordinatesthatiftheymasteredtherulesincareer,theywouldfinditmucheasiertogetpromoted.

3.Itiseasytotalkabouthavinghighmoralstandardsbut,inpractice,whatwouldonereallydoinsuchasituation?

itis+adj.+todo/thatclausePractice

Can

youfindoutmoreexamplesinthetext?

Itisdifficulttoresisttheimpressionthat…

Isitpossibletodeviseacodeofrules…

了解不同的文化和生活方式是很有趣的。

她拒絕和你說話真是令人吃驚。

Itisinterestingtoseedifferentculturesandwaysoflife.

Itisreallyastonishingthatsherefusestotalktoyou.TranslationKeyExample:在崇尚金錢的時代，很容易產(chǎn)生這樣的感受：有錢走遍天下,無錢寸步難行。Inatimeofmoneyworship,itisdifficulttoresisttheimpressionthat,withmoney,onecouldgetanywherehewantsto,while,withoutmoney,onewouldfinditdifficulttomoveevenastep.Sentencepattern:Itisdifficult(forone)toresisttheimpression/notion/feeling/idea/opinion/conclusionthat…很容易產(chǎn)生（得出）這樣的印象／概念／感受／看法／結(jié)論：······4.Itisdifficulttoresisttheimpressionthat..(para.4)

IntheaftermathofSanLumilkpowderincident,itwasdifficultforcitizenstoresisttheimpressionthatthequalityofChinesefoodisaconstantworrytopeople.

三鹿奶粉事件后，人們很容易產(chǎn)生這樣的印象：中國食品的質(zhì)量總不讓人放心。對于任何想盡快適應新環(huán)境的人，首要任務是盡可能多地了解它。Foranyonewhowantstospeedupthewheelsofhisadaptabilitytoanewenvironment,themostimportanttaskistoknowasmuchaboutitaspossible.

tospeedupthewheels/progressof…

(使······）加快速度:5.…tospeedupthewheelsofgovernment.(para.7)

Example:有個故事是說明偉大母愛的典型例子：搜救人員發(fā)現(xiàn)一位母親在汶川地震中已經(jīng)死亡，但仍然用雙臂支撐著身體，從而使她身下4個月大的孩子安然無恙。AtypicalexampleofthegreatmaternalloveisprovidedbythestoryofamotherintheWenchuanearthquakewho,whenrescuersfoundher,wasdeadbutstillproppedherselfupwithbothherarmssoastokeepherfour-month-oldchildsafeandsoundunderher.Sentencepatterns:Aninteresting/striking/typicalexampleof…isprovidedbythestoryofsb.who…有個故事是說明······有趣／突出／典型的例子：某人······6.Aninterestingexampleofthiskindofpaymentisprovidedby…(para.7)

有個故事是說明勤奮刻苦的典型例子：我們的先人為了學習時不打瞌睡而頭懸梁、錐刺骨。Atypicalexampleofdiligenceisprovidedbythestoryofourforefatherswhotiedtheirhaironthehousebeamandprickedtheirthighswithawlstokeepthemselvesawakeinstudy.7Thesalesmanager,whowasquick-witted,replied,“mycompany…”.(para.7)

quick-witted=adj.+n.–ed是復合形容詞Practice

Moreexamples:cold-blooded;hot-tempered;open-minded;red-eyed...

他是個熱心人，總是給朋友提供幫助。

他證明自己是一位機智聰明的談判者。Heisawarm-heartedpersonandalwaysoffershelptohisfriends.

Heprovedhimselfaquick-wittednegotiator.TranslationKeyBackSummaryI:EnglishEquivalentsofChinese1.Realintegrityisdoingtherightthing,knowingthatnobody’sgoingtoknowwhetheryoudiditornot.2.Betterkeepyourselfcleanandbright.Youarethewindowthroughwhichyoumustseetheworld.3.It’smoreimportanttodotherightthingthantodothingsright.Thefollowingarethesayingsaboutintegrity.

TranslatethemintoChinese.SummaryII:Translation(EnglishtoChinese)4.Ifyouhaveintegrity,nothingelsematters.5.Thereisnopillowsosoftasaclearconscience.6.Subtletymaydeceiveyou;integrityneverwill.

7.Thepowerofman’svirtueshouldnotbemeasuredbyhisspecialefforts,butbyhisordinarydoings.

8.Honestyisthecornerstoneofallsuccess,withoutwhichconfidenceandabilitytoperformshallceasetoexist.9.Apromisemustneverbebroken.10.Ihadratherdoandnotpromisethanpromiseandnotdo.PutthesentencesbelowintoEnglish,

withwordsandexpressionsofthisunit.SummaryIII:Checkyourself1.Itreallygotmydanderupwhen_____________________________(她開始指責我不誠實).2.Wetried_________,_______and_______(說服、行賄和威脅),buttheguardstillwouldn’tletuspass.

3.__________(事實上),womenreceivemuchlowerwagesthantheirmalecolleagues.

Inpracticeaccusingmeofdishonestyshebeganpersuationthreatsbribery4.Don’tyouunderstand?Hiswords_________(相當于)thathewantssomecash.amountto5.____________________(彼得聽話嗎)whileIwasaway?

DidPeterbehavehimself6.You’renota3-year-oldchild._________________________________________(你應該言行一致).yourpracticewithyourprinciplesYoushouldsquare7.Cleaningupthehousewasnotaneasyjob.__________________________(它幾乎花了

整個周末的時間).Italmosttookupalltheweekend8.__________________________(總會出一些問題)duringthereformprocess,andadjustmentswillbemadetosolvethem.

Problemswillalwayscropup9.______________________(他得到一些安慰)fromthefactthathewasn’ttheonlyonetofailtheexam.Hederivedsomecomfort10.Willyourteachermanageto_________

____________(使你們達標)beforeyoutaketheexamination?bringyouuptoscratchFunTimeFunTimeAsong—BetterManPeople’snaturemaybedistortedbeforehugeprofit.So,learntobeabetterman!

FunTimeSendsomeonetoloveme

Ineedtorestinarms

Keepmesafefromharm

Inpouringrain

Givemeendlesssummer

LordIfearthecold

FeelI'mgettingold

BeforemytimeAsmysoulhealstheshame

Iwillgrowthroughthispain

LordI'mdoingallIcan

Tobeabetterman

BetterMan

—byRobbieWilliamsFunTime

Goeasyonmyconscience

'Causeit'snotmyfault

IknowI'vebeentaught

Totaketheblame

Restassuredmyangels

Willcatchmytears

Walkmeoutofhere

I'minpain

Asmysoulhealstheshame

Iwillgrowthroughthispain

LordI'mdoingallIcan

Tobeabetterman

Oneofthewritingtechniquesemployedinthetextislisting.Havealookatparagraphs5to8.Youwillfindthatthefourparagraphsareskillfullyorganizedbythetechniqueo