高三英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句2

定語(yǔ)從句高考試題題選與分析1.[1980]Theman______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.A.whoB.whichC.whereD.when

2.[1980]Istillrememberthedays_______westudiedtogether.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when

3.[1986]Icanstillrememberthesitting-room______mymotherandIusedtositintheevening.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where

4.[1996]Achild_____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whichB.hisC.whoseD.with√√√√分析1.與其他大多數(shù)從句的引導(dǎo)詞一樣，定語(yǔ)從句中的引導(dǎo)詞除了起引導(dǎo)從句的作用外，在從句中還要充當(dāng)某一成分。第一題選A,who在從句中作主語(yǔ)，可以在此從句中作主語(yǔ)的還有which,that和as;作賓語(yǔ)的有whom,which,that和as（其中that可指物也可指人）；第二題選D，when在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，第三題選D，where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，可以在從句中作狀語(yǔ)的還有why；第四題選C，whose在從句中作定語(yǔ)（whose還可以修飾物）。2.That和which一般可互換，但在下面情況下必須用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。（如果引導(dǎo)詞that在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，that可?。?）先行詞是不定代詞，如all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等。例：[1987]Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_____hehadstolentothepoliceA.whichB.whatC.whateverD.thatEverything(that)hesaidseemedquitereasonable.2）先行詞被不定代詞修飾，如all,any,every,few,little,no,some,thefirst,thelast,theonly,thesame等。Youcantakeanybookthatyoulike.√3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾.Thefirstthing(that)Isawinthecountrywillneverbeforgotten.ThisisthemostimportantthingthatIshoulddorightnow.

4)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修飾.Thisisthelastthing(that)Iwanttodo.5)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí).Theyaretalkingaboutthethingsandpersons(that)theycameacrossinthatcountry.3、關(guān)系代詞的省略。除了在從句中作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞可以省外，省略也存在于以下情況：1)從句位于itis,thatis,whois,hereis和thereis后。

Itismystudents’rapidprogress(that)makesmehappy.2)關(guān)系代詞that/which在therebe句型中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)。

Thenumberofmotorcycles(that/which)thereareinXinfengissimplyastounding.3)定語(yǔ)從句修飾“最高級(jí)/only+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞，從句中的謂語(yǔ)又是“ever+過(guò)去時(shí)謂語(yǔ)時(shí)。

Canyoutellmewhowasthefirstwoman(that)everclimbedMt.Jolmolungma?4)關(guān)系代詞作定語(yǔ)從句中系動(dòng)詞的表語(yǔ)時(shí)。

Whatgreatchanges!Itisnotthecity(that)itwastenyearsago.5)主句謂語(yǔ)為have(有)，定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系代詞可省。

Ihavemanyfriendswillcometohelpme.

5.[1983]Thedoctor_____isleavingforAfricanextmonth.thenurseistalkingtohimB.whomthenurseistalkingC.thenurseistalkingtoD.Whothenurseistalking

6.[1985]Hedidn’tknowwhichroom_____.A.

theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein

7.[1992]Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_____shecould

turnforhelp.A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom√√√注：1.

分析定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)和搭配，注意含介詞的引導(dǎo)詞，其介詞可放在引導(dǎo)詞whom,which前或在從句原來(lái)的位置上。介詞不提前，其在從句中作賓語(yǔ)的引導(dǎo)詞who,whom,that,which可省。由此可見(jiàn)第五題應(yīng)選C，第六題選B，第七題選D（從句中的詞組搭配為turntosb.forhelp）。但含有介詞的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般不能拆開(kāi)，如lookafter,bemadeof,takepartin,lookforwardto等。例：Thebabies(who/whom)thenurseslookafterlookstrongand

happy.

2.

where可用at/in/to…+which代替,when可用at/in/on/during+which代替,why可用forwhich代替,fromwhere也可作引導(dǎo)詞。例：Thisistheschoolwhere/atwhichIusedtoteach.Theystoodatthewindow,where/fromwhichtheycouldseewhatwashappeninginthestreet.

Sundayisaholiday,when/onwhichpeopledonotgotowork.Isthereanyreasonswhy/forwhichyoushouldhaveaholiday.8.[1991]Sheheardaterriblenoise,_____broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that9.[1994]Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it10.[1999]CarolsaidtheworkcouldbedonebyOctober,___personallyI

doubtverymuch.A.itB.thatC.whenD.which11.[2000]Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,_____,ofcourse,madetheotherunhappy.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what√√√√注:

8、9、10、11這四題號(hào)的都是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，答案都是which。當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句修飾的是整個(gè)主句或所修飾的名詞是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的時(shí)候應(yīng)用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞不指人時(shí)，從句的引導(dǎo)詞用which或者as，不用that。as和which?？苫Q.12.Ilikethesamebook_____youdo.13.Ishalldoitintheway_____youdid.14.Iwanttohavesuchadictionary_____hehas.15._______weallknow,hestudiesveryhard.16._______isknowntoallheisthebeststudentinourclass.A.WhichB.AsC.thatD.whichE.as注:須用as而不用which的情況：as句含有“像”“如…那樣”asisexpected,asyouknow/see,asisknowntoall,asissaid,asisreported,asisannounced;“as”

從句可放在句首；as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)句含有說(shuō)話人的看法和態(tài)度，此時(shí)不用which。

2.在“thesame….as,such…..as”等結(jié)構(gòu)中。例1.Heworksinamiddleschool,infrontof_____thereisariver.

Heworksinamiddleschool.Infrontof_____thereisariver.

A.itB.thatC.whichD.what

例2.Hehastwodaughters,andbothof_____areteachers.Hehastwodaughters,bothof_____areteachers.A.whoB.whomC.themD.that

mostofwhich/whom引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句屬非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，從句前應(yīng)有逗號(hào)與主句分開(kāi)，除most外，還有many,some,any,all,none,several,few,both,half,themajority,anumber,theyoungest,three(數(shù)詞)+ofwhich/whom;infrontof,inthemiddleof,atthebackof,atthebottomof,onthetopof,atthefootof+which等。二．練習(xí)：1.

Togetthejobstarted,_____Ineedisyourpermission.A.

onlywhatB.allwhatC.allthatD.onlythat2.

Isthisfactory_____youvisitedtheotherday?A.whichB.whereC.towhichD.theone3.Youwillhavesomesparetime_____youcanlearnFrenchathome.A.thatB.whichC.atwhichD.duringwhich4.

Weoughttomakefriendswithsuchpeople_____arekindandhardworking.A.whoB.asC.thatD.whom5.

Iwassosurprisedthathereturnedhomemuchearlier_____expected.A.asB.thanC.whichD./√√√√√6.

HemustbefromAfrica,_____canbeseenfromhisskin.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.as7.

Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites,_____kiteflyingspreadtoJapan,Korea,ThailandandIndia.A.fromwhereB.whichC.whereD.as8.

Thatisthegirl_____fatherhasjustbeenspoken.A.ofwhoseB.ofwhomC.whoseD.who9.

MayorwillmakeaninspectionofourschoolonMonday,_____youcantellhimhowhardthesituationwearein.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that10.

Weoftenthinkofthehappiestdays_____wespenttogetherontheislandA.whenB.whichC.thatD.duringwhich√√√√√11.

HaveyoueverbeentoShanghai,__