小學(xué)英語(人教版PEP版)語法要點(diǎn)詳解及練習(xí)題-六年級(jí)-小升初必備大全

小學(xué)英語（人教版 PEP版）語法要點(diǎn)及習(xí)題1名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2．以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es，（但有一個(gè)特例：rooffroofs）。如：knife-knivesleaf-leaveswife-wivesthief-thieveswolf-wolves以“o”結(jié)尾的單詞，如果有生命，加-es；如果沒有生命，加-s。如：①有生命： potato-potatoestomato-tomatoesmango-mangoeshero-heroesNegro-Negroes②沒生命：radio-radiospiano-pianosphoto-photoszoo-zoos不規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化：（一）完全不規(guī)則：man-menwoman-womenpoliceman-policemenpolicewoman-policewomenmouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feettooth-teeth（二）單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)詞形相同：fish-fishsheep-sheepdeer-deerpeople-peopleChinese-ChineseJapanese-Japanese小練習(xí)：寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I ___him ___this her___watch__ child___ photo__ diary_day ___foot ___book ___dress___tooth___ sheep_____box __strawberrythief______yo-yo_____peach_____sandwich_man __woman ___paper___ juice__water___ milk___ rice___ tea__小學(xué)英語（PEP版）語法總結(jié)及習(xí)題2一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹【No.1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成be動(dòng)詞：主語 +be（am,is,are）+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。行為動(dòng)詞：主語 +行為動(dòng)詞 （+其它）。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如:MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它。如：-Areyouastudent-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑問句：疑問詞 +一般疑問句。如： Whereismybike行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語+don't(doesn't)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑問句：Do(Does)+主語+動(dòng)詞原形 +其它。如：DoyouoftenplayfootballYes,Ido./No,Idon't.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：DoesshegotoworkbybikeYes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞 +一般疑問句。如： Howdoesyourfathergotowork動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks．以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練 :一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink go stay make look have pass carry come watch plant fly study brush do teach 二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Heoften (have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy (be)inClassOne.We (notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick (notgo)tothezooonSunday. they (like)theWorldCupWhat theyoften (do)onSaturdays yourparents (read)newspaperseverydayThegirl (teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI (take)awalktogethereveryevening.There (be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike (like)cooking.They (have)thesamehobby.Myaunt (look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways (do)yourhomeworkwell.I (be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.She (go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao (do)notlikePE.Thechildoften (watch)TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang (have)eightlessonsthisterm.－Whatday （be）ittoday－It’sSaturday.三、按照要求改寫句子DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.（改為否定句）TOC\o"1-5"\h\zIdomyhomeworkeveryday.（改為一般疑問句，作否定回答 ）Shelikesmilk.（改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答 ）Amylikesplayingcomputergames.（改為一般疑問句，作否定回答 ）Wegotoschooleverymorning.（改為否定句）HespeaksEnglishverywell.（改為否定句）Iliketakingphotosinthepark.（ 對(duì)劃線部分提問）JohncomesfromCanada.（對(duì)劃線部分提問）Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.（改為一般疑問句，作否定回答 ）SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.（改為否定句）四、改錯(cuò)（劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上 ）IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish Doeshelikesgoingfishing Helikesplaygamesafterclass. Mr.WuteachsusEnglish. Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays. 小學(xué)英語（PEP版）語法總結(jié)及習(xí)題3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 be+動(dòng)ting.3．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在 be后加not。4．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把 be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。5．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意 +be+主語+動(dòng)詞ing但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意 +be+動(dòng)詞ing動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tastinging，3ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play run swim___ make_go ___like ___write ski read have sing dance_put see ___buy ___love live take come get stop sit begin shop 二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：boy (draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls (sing)intheclassroom.Mymother (cook)somenicefoodnow.What you (do)nowLook.They (have)anEnglishlesson. (not,water)theflowersnow.!thegirls (dance)intheclassroom.isourgranddaughterdoingShe (listen)tomusic.It’s5o’clocknow.We (have)suppernow(wash)clothesYes,sheis.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：Theyaredoinghousework.(分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.( 對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)小學(xué)英語（PEP版）語法總結(jié)及習(xí)題4一般將來時(shí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow,nextday（week,month,year…）,soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：begoingto+do；will+do.三、否定句：在 be動(dòng)詞（am,is,are）l后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成won’t。例如：I'mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.fI'mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑問句：be或will提到旬首，some改為any,and改為or,第一二人稱互換。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.fAreyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend五、對(duì)劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。問人。Who例如：I'mgoingtoNewYorksoon.fWhosgoingtoNewYorksoon.問干什么。What…do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.fWhatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.問什么時(shí)候。When例如：She'sgoingtogotobedatnine.fWhenisshegoingtobed六、同義句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.練習(xí)：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛 我想去打籃球。What nextMondayI playbasketball.What youdonextMondayI playbasketball.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎是，她要去買一些水果。 yourmother goshoppingthis Yes,she .She buysomefruit.你們打算什么時(shí)候見面。Whattime you meet改句子。5.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancy goingtogocamping.I’llgoandjointhem.（改否定）I go jointhem.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑問句） togetupat6:30tomorrow8.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑問句） meetatthebusstopat10:30.9.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（對(duì)劃線部分提問） she afterschoolMyfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上) goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Todayisasunnyday.We (have)apicnicthisafternoon.Mybrother (go)toShanghainextweek.Tomoften (go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He (go)toschoolbybike.WhatdoyouusuallydoatweekendsIusually (watch)TVand (catch)insectsIt’sFridaytoday.What she (do)thisweekendShe (watch)TVand (catch)insects.What (d0)youdolastSundayI (pick)applesonafarm.What (do)nextSundayI (milk)cows.Mary (visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.LiuTao (fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.David (give)apuppetshownextMonday.I (plan)formystudynow小學(xué)英語（PEP版）語法總結(jié)及習(xí)題5一般過去時(shí)PartA1．一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)問狀語連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。2.Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化:⑴am和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣aso(wasnot=wasn't)⑵are在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。(werenot=werent)⑶帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is,am,are一樣，即否定旬在was或were后加not,一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到旬首。3．句中沒有 be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的句子否定句：didn’t+動(dòng)詞原形，如：Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動(dòng)詞過去式變回原形。如：DidJimgohomeyesterday特殊疑問句：⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday⑵疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)：疑問詞+動(dòng)詞過去式如：Whowenttohomeyesterday動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1．一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2.結(jié)尾是e力口d,如：taste-tasted3．末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i,再加-ed,如：study-studied5．不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat一般過去時(shí)練習(xí)寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式is\am fly plant are 否定句： 否定句： drink play __go _make___does dance___ worry__ asktaste eat draw___ put_throw kick pass ___do___Be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)（1）Name No. Date 用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I atschooljustnow.He atthecamplastweek.We studentstwoyearsago.They onthefarmamomentago.YangLing elevenyearsoldlastyear.There anappleontheplateyesterday.There somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.Themobilephone onthesofayesterdayevening.句型轉(zhuǎn)換Itwasexciting.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： Allthestudentswereveryexcited.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： Theywereinhispocket.一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： Be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)（ 2）Name No. Date 一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I anEnglishteachernow.She happyyesterday.They gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.HelenandNancy goodfriends.Thelittledog twoyearsoldthisyear.Look,there lotsofgrapeshere.There asignonthechaironMonday..Today thesecondofJune.Yesterday thefirstofJune.It Children’sDay.Allthestudents veryexcited.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： 肯、否定回答： 三、中譯英1．我的故事書剛才還在手表旁邊。2．他們的外套上個(gè)禮拜放在臥室里了。3．一會(huì)以前花園里有兩只小鳥。行為動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)（1）NameNo.DateNameNo.Date、用行為動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空He (live)inWuxitwoyearsago.Thecat (eat)abirdlastnight.We (have)apartylastHalloween.Nancy (pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.I (make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.They (play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.Mymother (cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival.Thegirls (sing)and (dance)attheparty.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsday.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： Nancywenttoschoolearly.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： WesangsomeEnglishsongs.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： 行為動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)( 2)Name No. Date 一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I (watch)acartoononSaturday.Herfather (read)anewspaperlastnight.We tozooyesterday,we tothepark.(go) you (visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival he (fly)akiteonSundayYes,he .GaoShan (pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.I (sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother .What she (find)inthegardenlastmorningShe (find)abeautifulbutterfly.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： 三、中譯英格林先生去年住在中國(guó)。昨天我們參觀了農(nóng)場(chǎng)。他剛才在找他的手機(jī)。用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空It (be)Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday.Weall (have)agoodtimelastnight.He (jump)highonlastSportsDay.Helen (milk)acowonFriday.Shelikes newspapers,butshe abookyesterday.(read)He footballnow,butthey basketballjustnow.(play)Jim’smother (plant)treesjustnow. they (sweep)theflooronSundayNo,they .I (watch)acartoononMonday.We (go)toschoolonSunday.二、中譯英我們上周五看了一部電影。他上個(gè)中秋節(jié)走親訪友了嗎是的。你們上個(gè)兒童節(jié)做了什么我們參觀了動(dòng)物園。你上周在哪兒在野營(yíng)基地。小學(xué)英語（PEP版）語法總結(jié)及習(xí)題6形容詞和副詞的比一、形容詞的比較級(jí)1、形容詞比較級(jí)在句子中的運(yùn)用：兩個(gè)事物或人的比較用比較級(jí)，比較級(jí)后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級(jí)前面可以用more,alittle來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格（口語中可用賓格）。2．形容詞加 er的規(guī)則：⑴一般在詞尾加er；⑵以字母e結(jié)尾，加r；⑶以一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加er;⑷以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，先把y變i,再加er。3．不規(guī)則形容詞比較級(jí)：good-better,beautiful-morebeautiful二、副詞的比較級(jí).形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別（有be用形，有形用be；有動(dòng)用副，有副用動(dòng)）⑴在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動(dòng)詞之后⑵副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之后．副詞比較級(jí)的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級(jí)相同（不規(guī)則變化：well-better,far-farther）練習(xí)一）、寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)old young tall long__short ___strong ___big _smallfat __thin ___heavy _light__nice good beautiful__low high ___slow _fast_late early far ___well二)、根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：Mybrotheristwoyears (old)thanme.Tomisas (fat)asJim.Isyoursister (young)thanyouYes,sheis.Whois (thin),youorHelenHelenis.Whosepencil-boxis (big),yoursorhersHersis.Mary’shairisas (long)asLucy’s. (jump) (high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.Nancysing (well)thanHelenYes,she .isnotas (tall)as