小學(xué)英語(人教版PEP版)語法要點詳解及練習(xí)題-六年級-小升初必備大全

小學(xué)英語（人教版 PEP版）語法要點及習(xí)題1名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2．以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es，（但有一個特例：rooffroofs）。如：knife-knivesleaf-leaveswife-wivesthief-thieveswolf-wolves以“o”結(jié)尾的單詞，如果有生命，加-es；如果沒有生命，加-s。如：①有生命： potato-potatoestomato-tomatoesmango-mangoeshero-heroesNegro-Negroes②沒生命：radio-radiospiano-pianosphoto-photoszoo-zoos不規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化：（一）完全不規(guī)則：man-menwoman-womenpoliceman-policemenpolicewoman-policewomenmouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feettooth-teeth（二）單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)詞形相同：fish-fishsheep-sheepdeer-deerpeople-peopleChinese-ChineseJapanese-Japanese小練習(xí)：寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I ___him ___this her___watch__ child___ photo__ diary_day ___foot ___book ___dress___tooth___ sheep_____box __strawberrythief______yo-yo_____peach_____sandwich_man __woman ___paper___ juice__water___ milk___ rice___ tea__小學(xué)英語（PEP版）語法總結(jié)及習(xí)題2一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹【No.1】一般現(xiàn)在時的功能表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍色的。表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點起床。表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成be動詞：主語 +be（am,is,are）+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個男孩。行為動詞：主語 +行為動詞 （+其它）。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時，要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如:MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時的變化be動詞的變化。否定句：主語+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它。如：-Areyouastudent-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑問句：疑問詞 +一般疑問句。如： Whereismybike行為動詞的變化。否定句：主語+don't(doesn't)+動詞原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑問句：Do(Does)+主語+動詞原形 +其它。如：DoyouoftenplayfootballYes,Ido./No,Idon't.當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：DoesshegotoworkbybikeYes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞 +一般疑問句。如： Howdoesyourfathergotowork動詞+s的變化規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks．以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練 :一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink go stay make look have pass carry come watch plant fly study brush do teach 二、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當形式填空。Heoften (have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy (be)inClassOne.We (notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick (notgo)tothezooonSunday. they (like)theWorldCupWhat theyoften (do)onSaturdays yourparents (read)newspaperseverydayThegirl (teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI (take)awalktogethereveryevening.There (be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike (like)cooking.They (have)thesamehobby.Myaunt (look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways (do)yourhomeworkwell.I (be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.She (go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao (do)notlikePE.Thechildoften (watch)TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang (have)eightlessonsthisterm.－Whatday （be）ittoday－It’sSaturday.三、按照要求改寫句子DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.（改為否定句）TOC\o"1-5"\h\zIdomyhomeworkeveryday.（改為一般疑問句，作否定回答 ）Shelikesmilk.（改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答 ）Amylikesplayingcomputergames.（改為一般疑問句，作否定回答 ）Wegotoschooleverymorning.（改為否定句）HespeaksEnglishverywell.（改為否定句）Iliketakingphotosinthepark.（ 對劃線部分提問）JohncomesfromCanada.（對劃線部分提問）Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.（改為一般疑問句，作否定回答 ）SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.（改為否定句）四、改錯（劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上 ）IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish Doeshelikesgoingfishing Helikesplaygamesafterclass. Mr.WuteachsusEnglish. Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays. 小學(xué)英語（PEP版）語法總結(jié)及習(xí)題3現(xiàn)在進行時1．現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。2.現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 be+動ting.3．現(xiàn)在進行時的否定句在 be后加not。4．現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句把 be動詞調(diào)到句首。5．現(xiàn)在進行時的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達意 +be+主語+動詞ing但疑問詞當主語時其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達意 +be+動詞ing動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tastinging，3ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進行時專項練習(xí)：一、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play run swim___ make_go ___like ___write ski read have sing dance_put see ___buy ___love live take come get stop sit begin shop 二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：boy (draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls (sing)intheclassroom.Mymother (cook)somenicefoodnow.What you (do)nowLook.They (have)anEnglishlesson. (not,water)theflowersnow.!thegirls (dance)intheclassroom.isourgranddaughterdoingShe (listen)tomusic.It’s5o’clocknow.We (have)suppernow(wash)clothesYes,sheis.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：Theyaredoinghousework.(分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.( 對劃線部分進行提問)Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(對劃線部分進行提問)小學(xué)英語（PEP版）語法總結(jié)及習(xí)題4一般將來時一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow,nextday（week,month,year…）,soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：begoingto+do；will+do.三、否定句：在 be動詞（am,is,are）l后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成won’t。例如：I'mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.fI'mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑問句：be或will提到旬首，some改為any,and改為or,第一二人稱互換。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.fAreyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend五、對劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況。問人。Who例如：I'mgoingtoNewYorksoon.fWhosgoingtoNewYorksoon.問干什么。What…do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.fWhatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.問什么時候。When例如：She'sgoingtogotobedatnine.fWhenisshegoingtobed六、同義句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.練習(xí)：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.下個星期一你打算去干嘛 我想去打籃球。What nextMondayI playbasketball.What youdonextMondayI playbasketball.你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎是，她要去買一些水果。 yourmother goshoppingthis Yes,she .She buysomefruit.你們打算什么時候見面。Whattime you meet改句子。5.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancy goingtogocamping.I’llgoandjointhem.（改否定）I go jointhem.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑問句） togetupat6:30tomorrow8.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑問句） meetatthebusstopat10:30.9.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（對劃線部分提問） she afterschoolMyfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上) goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.用所給詞的適當形式填空。Todayisasunnyday.We (have)apicnicthisafternoon.Mybrother (go)toShanghainextweek.Tomoften (go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He (go)toschoolbybike.WhatdoyouusuallydoatweekendsIusually (watch)TVand (catch)insectsIt’sFridaytoday.What she (do)thisweekendShe (watch)TVand (catch)insects.What (d0)youdolastSundayI (pick)applesonafarm.What (do)nextSundayI (milk)cows.Mary (visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.LiuTao (fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.David (give)apuppetshownextMonday.I (plan)formystudynow小學(xué)英語（PEP版）語法總結(jié)及習(xí)題5一般過去時PartA1．一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時問狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作感謝。2.Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化:⑴am和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣aso(wasnot=wasn't)⑵are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。(werenot=werent)⑶帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is,am,are一樣，即否定旬在was或were后加not,一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到旬首。3．句中沒有 be動詞的一般過去時的句子否定句：didn’t+動詞原形，如：Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如：DidJimgohomeyesterday特殊疑問句：⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday⑵疑問詞當主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式如：Whowenttohomeyesterday動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1．一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2.結(jié)尾是e力口d,如：taste-tasted3．末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i,再加-ed,如：study-studied5．不規(guī)則動詞過去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat一般過去時練習(xí)寫出下列動詞的過去式is\am fly plant are 否定句： 否定句： drink play __go _make___does dance___ worry__ asktaste eat draw___ put_throw kick pass ___do___Be動詞的過去時練習(xí)（1）Name No. Date 用be動詞的適當形式填空I atschooljustnow.He atthecamplastweek.We studentstwoyearsago.They onthefarmamomentago.YangLing elevenyearsoldlastyear.There anappleontheplateyesterday.There somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.Themobilephone onthesofayesterdayevening.句型轉(zhuǎn)換Itwasexciting.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： Allthestudentswereveryexcited.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： Theywereinhispocket.一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： Be動詞的過去時練習(xí)（ 2）Name No. Date 一、用be動詞的適當形式填空I anEnglishteachernow.She happyyesterday.They gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.HelenandNancy goodfriends.Thelittledog twoyearsoldthisyear.Look,there lotsofgrapeshere.There asignonthechaironMonday..Today thesecondofJune.Yesterday thefirstofJune.It Children’sDay.Allthestudents veryexcited.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： 肯、否定回答： 三、中譯英1．我的故事書剛才還在手表旁邊。2．他們的外套上個禮拜放在臥室里了。3．一會以前花園里有兩只小鳥。行為動詞的過去時練習(xí)（1）NameNo.DateNameNo.Date、用行為動詞的適當形式填空He (live)inWuxitwoyearsago.Thecat (eat)abirdlastnight.We (have)apartylastHalloween.Nancy (pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.I (make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.They (play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.Mymother (cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival.Thegirls (sing)and (dance)attheparty.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsday.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： Nancywenttoschoolearly.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： WesangsomeEnglishsongs.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： 行為動詞的過去時練習(xí)( 2)Name No. Date 一、用be動詞的適當形式填空I (watch)acartoononSaturday.Herfather (read)anewspaperlastnight.We tozooyesterday,we tothepark.(go) you (visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival he (fly)akiteonSundayYes,he .GaoShan (pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.I (sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother .What she (find)inthegardenlastmorningShe (find)abeautifulbutterfly.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： 三、中譯英格林先生去年住在中國。昨天我們參觀了農(nóng)場。他剛才在找他的手機。用動詞的適當形式填空It (be)Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday.Weall (have)agoodtimelastnight.He (jump)highonlastSportsDay.Helen (milk)acowonFriday.Shelikes newspapers,butshe abookyesterday.(read)He footballnow,butthey basketballjustnow.(play)Jim’smother (plant)treesjustnow. they (sweep)theflooronSundayNo,they .I (watch)acartoononMonday.We (go)toschoolonSunday.二、中譯英我們上周五看了一部電影。他上個中秋節(jié)走親訪友了嗎是的。你們上個兒童節(jié)做了什么我們參觀了動物園。你上周在哪兒在野營基地。小學(xué)英語（PEP版）語法總結(jié)及習(xí)題6形容詞和副詞的比一、形容詞的比較級1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用：兩個事物或人的比較用比較級，比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more,alittle來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格（口語中可用賓格）。2．形容詞加 er的規(guī)則：⑴一般在詞尾加er；⑵以字母e結(jié)尾，加r；⑶以一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結(jié)尾，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加er;⑷以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，先把y變i,再加er。3．不規(guī)則形容詞比較級：good-better,beautiful-morebeautiful二、副詞的比較級.形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別（有be用形，有形用be；有動用副，有副用動）⑴在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動詞之后⑵副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實義動詞之后．副詞比較級的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級相同（不規(guī)則變化：well-better,far-farther）練習(xí)一）、寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級old young tall long__short ___strong ___big _smallfat __thin ___heavy _light__nice good beautiful__low high ___slow _fast_late early far ___well二)、根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：Mybrotheristwoyears (old)thanme.Tomisas (fat)asJim.Isyoursister (young)thanyouYes,sheis.Whois (thin),youorHelenHelenis.Whosepencil-boxis (big),yoursorhersHersis.Mary’shairisas (long)asLucy’s. (jump) (high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.Nancysing (well)thanHelenYes,she .isnotas (tall)as