高中英語高考高考沖刺高考沖刺 2023年高考天津卷英語模擬試題解析（精編版）（解析版）1

絕密★啟用前2023年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（天津卷）英語筆試本試卷分為第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分，共130分，考試用時100分鐘。第I卷1至10頁，第II卷11至12頁。答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名，準考號填寫在答題卡上，并在規(guī)定位置粘貼考試用條形碼。答卷時，考生務必將答案寫在答題卡上，答在試卷上的無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。祝各位考生考試順利！第I卷注意事項：1.每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆將答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如果改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。2.本卷共55小題，共95分。第一部分：英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。例：Standoverthere_____________you’llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.or B.and C.but D.while答案是B。1.—Itwasawonderfultrip.So,whichcitydidyoulikebetter,ParisorRome?—_____________.Thereweregoodthingsandbadthingsaboutthem.A.It’shardtosay B.Ididn’tgetitC.Youmustbekidding D.Couldn’tbebetter【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：——這是一次很棒的旅行。那么，你更喜歡哪個城市，巴黎還是羅馬？——很難說。它們都既有好的也有壞的東西。A.很難說；B.我不明白；C.你一定是在開玩笑吧；D.再好不過了。根據(jù)語境可知選A?？键c：考查交際用語。2.Thedictionaryis_____________:manywordshavebeenaddedtothelanguagesinceitwaspublished.A.outofcontrol B.outofdate C.outofsight D.outofreach【答案】B考點：考查介詞短語?！久麕燑c睛】介詞短語的考查通常是一些易混的相似的介詞短語，本題的介詞短語都是“outof+名詞”，但是其意思大相徑庭，學生在平時要注意積累這些相似短語的搭配和含義，做題時結(jié)合具體的語境代入各個選項確定答案。由manywordshavebeenaddedtothelanguagesinceitwaspublished可以確定是“過時的”。3.Whenwalkingdownthestreet,IcameacrossDavid,whomI_____________foryears.A.didn’tsee B.haven’tseen C.hadn’tseen D.wouldn’tsee【答案】C【解析】試題分析：句意：當沿著街道散步的時候，我遇見了多年未見的David。根據(jù)語境，“notsee”這個動作發(fā)生在cameacross之前，是過去的過去發(fā)生的動作，用過去完成時。故選C。考點：考查動詞時態(tài)?！久麕燑c睛】過去完成時是一個相對的時態(tài)，表示過去的過去的動作，還有一個特點就是和表示過去的一段時間搭配。4.Thecoolingwindsweptthroughourbedroomwindows,_____________airconditioningunnecessary.A.making B.tomake C.made D.beingmade【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：冷風從我們臥室的窗戶吹進來，使得沒有必要開空調(diào)了。前面的事情造成后面的結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，表示自然而然的結(jié)果。不定式也可以作結(jié)果狀語，但是那是出乎預料的結(jié)果。故選A。考點：考查非謂語動詞?！久麕燑c睛】判斷非謂語動詞的形式的第一步是分析句子成分，看是用謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞，確定了是非謂語動詞，還要判斷非謂語動詞所作的成分、這個動詞和邏輯主語的關(guān)系。這道題還有一個考點就是同樣是結(jié)果狀語從句，現(xiàn)在分詞和不定式用法也不同，還要結(jié)合語境判斷應該使用哪一個，來加以判斷。5.Itwasreallyannoying;I_____________getaccesstothedatabankyouhadrecommended.A.wouldn’t B.couldn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t【答案】B考點：考查情態(tài)動詞?！久麕燑c睛】情態(tài)動詞主要考查句意和說話人的語氣的強弱，這幾個情態(tài)動詞的否定形式意思各不相同，確定各自的含義，弄清它們的區(qū)別再結(jié)合上下文語境就不難理解了。couldn’t通常表示“沒有能力”，wouldn’t帶有意愿色彩，shouldn’t強調(diào)的是沒有義務，必要性；needn’t表示“沒有需要”，它們之間有明顯不同。6.—I’mthinkingofgoingbacktoschooltogetanotherdegree.—Soundsgreat!_____________.A.Italldepends B.Goforit C.Nevermind D.Nowonder【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：——我在想回去上學再拿一個學位。——聽起來很棒！努力爭取吧。A.那就看情況而定了；B.去爭取吧；C.沒關(guān)系；D.難怪。故選B。考點：考查交際用語?！久麕燑c睛】情景交際的考查關(guān)鍵在于理解上下文語境，同時要注意辨析選項的意思，平時多熟記交際用語，尤其是一些與漢語相差較大的表達。做這類試題，要求同學們按照所給的情景，選擇最佳問句或答句。7._____________theaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.A.Unless B.Until C.As D.While【答案】C【解析】試題分析：句意：隨著人口平均年齡的增長，越來越多的老人需要照顧。unless除非；until直到；as因為，正如，隨著；while雖然，然而，當……時候。根據(jù)語境，故選C。考點：考查連詞。【名師點睛】這幾個詞都是連詞，要分清每個連詞的含義和用法，做題時關(guān)鍵看上下文和句意的邏輯關(guān)系做題。unless引導的是條件狀語從句；until引導時間狀語從句，as引導方式/原因/狀語從句；while引導讓步/時間狀語從句。as的用法比較多，不僅僅在選擇題中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，學生在做完型填空的時候，遇到as一定要判斷它的準確含義，以便于正確理解這句話的意思。8.Marywassilentduringtheearlypartofthediscussionbutfinallyshe_____________heropiniononthesubject.A.gavevoiceto B.keptaneyeonC.turnedadeafearof D.setfooton【答案】A考點：考查動詞短語辨析?！久麕燑c睛】這幾個短語都是固定搭配，不能僅僅看字面意思，應該在平時學習中注意累積這方面的詞匯，這幾個短語有個特點，都含有一個人體部位的名詞，學生平時學習的時候，可以將短語進行分類記憶。做題時找到關(guān)鍵詞和切入點，這道題的關(guān)鍵是opinion和選項中的voice。9.Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,_____________theweathermaybebetter.A.that B.where C.which D.when【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：我們將把公園的野餐推遲到下個星期，那時天氣可能會更好。使用定語從句，先行詞是nextweek，定語從句中不缺少主、賓、表，缺少時間狀語。故選D?？键c：考查定語從句。【名師點睛】定語從句的考查主要就是考查關(guān)系詞的辨析，關(guān)系代詞that,which,whose,whom,as,who在從句中作主語、賓語、表語或者定語；where,why,when在句中作地點、原因和時間狀語。要分析定語從句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就選用相應的關(guān)系詞。10.Theweatherforecastsaysitwillbecloudywithaslight_____________ofrainlatertonight.A.effect B.sense C.change D.chance【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：天氣預報說今天會是多云，后半夜可能有雨。A.影響；B.感覺；C.改變；D.機會，可能性。故選D?？键c：考查名詞辨析。11.Themanagerputforwardasuggestion_____________weshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.A.whether B.that C.which D.when【答案】B考點：考查同位語從句?！久麕燑c睛】解答這類題目，關(guān)鍵在于分析清楚句子結(jié)構(gòu)。通過判斷引導詞在從句中所作的成分，來選擇正確的引導詞。連接同位語從句的連詞主要有that,if,whether和疑問詞（what,how,where,when...)。that引導表示陳述的同位語從句，if和whether，whether...ornot引導表示“是否”的一般疑問的同位語從句。判斷是否是同位語從句，還可以用“同位詞+is+同位語從句”，如果可以講得通，一般就是同位語從句，例如這題中，可以改成Thesuggestionisthatweshouldhaveanassistant.12.I’mgoingto_____________advantageofthistourtoexplorethehistoryofthecastle.A.put B.make C.take D.give【答案】C【解析】試題分析：句意：我要利用這次旅行來探索這個城堡的歷史。短語takeadvantageof意為“利用”，其他選項不能和advantageof搭配。故選C?？键c：考查動詞和短語?！久麕燑c睛】對于動詞詞義辨析題目，首先可以從句意著手，看懂句意是解答此類題目的關(guān)鍵；其次，對四個選項的意思也要了如指掌。這對于平時學生的學習仔細度提出了要求，學生在平時的學習中要勤積累，多記憶，多查字典，以便在考試時能夠迅速準確解出答案，對于一些固定搭配也需要了如指掌。13.Youarewaitingatawrongplace.Itisatthehotel_____________thecoachpicksuptourists.A.who B.which C.where D.that【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：你在一個錯誤的地方等待。大客車是在旅店接送游客的。這里是強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)Itis/was+強調(diào)部分+that+其余部分，這句話強調(diào)的是地點狀語atthehotel。故選D?？键c：考查強調(diào)句?！久麕燑c睛】判斷一句話是否是強調(diào)句的一個方法是去掉強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，如果這句話還能夠成立就是強調(diào)句，例如這道題，去掉強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)是：Thecoachpicksuptouristsatthehotel.這句話是成立的，所以是強調(diào)句。除了強調(diào)句的陳述式，還需要掌握強調(diào)句的一般疑問式和特殊疑問詞的結(jié)構(gòu)，還有強調(diào)句作名詞性從句時的語序問題。14.Ihateitwhenshecallsmeatwork—I’malwaystoobusyto_____________aconversationwithher.A.carryon B.breakinto C.turndown D.cutoff【答案】A考點：考查動詞短語辨析。【名師點睛】辨析動詞短語沒有捷徑，只有加強平時的背誦，包括詞組本身的含義，一詞多義以及詞組和動詞的搭配，做題時別忘了弄懂句意和上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，從而進行判斷。學生平時要特別注意這方面的積累。15.Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn’tbeenwearingone,I_____________.A.wereinjured B.wouldbeinjuredC.hadbeeninjured D.wouldhavebeeninjured【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：我當時系著安全帶。如果我沒有系安全帶，我就會受傷了。此處使用虛擬語氣，if條件句用了haddone，由此可知，主句用wouldhavedone表示對過去情況的虛擬，而且I和injure是被動關(guān)系，故選D?！練w納拓展】虛擬語氣非常重要，首先要熟悉其基本用法：1、表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況，從句：If主語+過去時(be動詞用were)；主句：主語+should/would/could/might+do；2、表示與過去事實相反的情況，從句：If主語+had+done；主句：主語+should/would/could/might+havedone；3、表示對將來情況的主觀推測，從句：①if+主語+weretodo②if+主語+should+do③if+主語+did（動詞過去式）/were；主句：主語+should/would/could/might+do。另外要注意，從句也可以省略if，把had，were，should提前。第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16~35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ThejourneymydaughterCathyhashadwithherswimmingisaslongasitisbeautiful.Cathysufferedsometerrible16inherearlychildhood.Afteryearsofregulartreatment,she17becamehealthy.Twoyearsago,whileCathywaswatchingtheOlympics,adreamcameintohersweetlittlehead—tobeaswimmer.Lastsummer,shewantedto18outlocalswimteam.Shepracticedhardandfinally19it.Theteampractice,20,wasaroughstart.Shecoughedandchokedandcouldhardly21herfirstfewweeks.Hearinghercoughingbitterlyonenight,Idecidedto22herfromitall.ButCathywokemeupearlynextmorning,wearingherswimsuit23togo!Itoldhersheshouldn’tswimafterawholenight’scoughing,butsherefusedto24andinsistedshego.Fromthatdayon,Cathykeptswimminganddidn’t25asinglepractice.Shehada26intentionwithinherselftobethebestshecouldbe.Myten-year-oldwasgrowingandchangingrightbeforemyeyes,intothis__27__humanbeingwithapassionandamission.Thereweremomentsof28ofcourse:oftenshewouldbethelastswimmerintherace.ItwasdifficultforCathytoacceptthatshewasn’ta29—ever.Butthatdidn’tstopherfromtrying.Thencamethefinalawardsceremonyattheendoftheyear.Cathydidn’texpectanyawardbutwasstillthereto30herfriendsandpraisetheiraccomplishments.Astheceremonywasnearingtheend,Isuddenlyheardtheheadcoach31,“ThehighesthonorgoestoCathy!”Lookingaround,hecontinued,“Cathyhasinspireduswithher32andenthusiasm.33skillsandtalentsbringgreatsuccess,themostvaluableasset(財富)onecanholdistheheart.”Itwasthegreatest34ofmydaughter’slife.Withallshehadbeen35inhertenyears,thiswasthehouroftruetriumph(成功).16.A.failure B.pressure C.loss D.illness17.A.usually B.finally C.firstly D.frequently18.A.improve B.train C.join D.contact19.A.increased B.found C.created D.made20.A.however B.therefore C.otherwise D.instead21.A.use B.survive C.save D.waste22.A.pull B.tell C.hide D.fire23.A.afraid B.nervous C.ready D.free24.A.takeoff B.setoff C.giveup D.showup25.A.attend B.miss C.ban D.start26.A.rich B.weak C.firm D.kind27.A.trusted B.determined C.experienced D.embarrassed28.A.frustration B.delight C.excitement D.surprise29.A.beginner B.learner C.partner D.winner30.A.cheeron B.competewith C.respondto D.runafter31.A.admitting B.explaining C.announcing D.whispering32.A.humor B.will C.honesty D.wisdom33.A.Although B.Since C.Once D.Because34.A.discovery B.choice C.influence D.moment35.A.through B.under C.across D.around【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己十歲的女兒在童年遭受病痛之苦，在接受治療之后好轉(zhuǎn)，之后決心做一個游泳選手，雖然身體不適，還是堅持訓練，雖然經(jīng)常是比賽的最后一名，但是她一直不放棄。最后教練的一番話給予Cathy最大的獎勵和肯定?！窘馕觥靠疾閯釉~辨析和固定搭配。根據(jù)上文Shepracticedhard可知，她最后做到了。A.增加；B.發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.創(chuàng)造；D.使得，做。makeit做到，成功。故選D。【解析】考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)下文wasatoughstart可知，然而，游泳隊的訓練是個艱難的開始。A.然而；B.因此；C.否則；D.代替。故選A。【解析】考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)上文shecoughedandchoked可知，她咳嗽、窒息，在前幾個星期差點無法幸存下來。A.使用；B.生存，幸存；C.拯救，節(jié)約；D.浪費。故選B。【解析】考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)Hearinghercoughingbitterlyonenight可知，我決定將她拉開。A.拉；B.告訴，辨別；C.躲藏；D.解雇。故選A?！窘馕觥靠疾樾稳菰~辨析。根據(jù)wearingherswimsuit可知，她穿著游泳衣準備走。A.害怕的；B.緊張的；C.準備好的；D.免費的，自由的。故選C?！窘馕觥靠疾閯釉~短語辨析。根據(jù)Itoldhersheshouldn’tswimafterawholenight’scoughing可知，她拒絕放棄，堅持要走。A.脫下，起飛，開始流行；B.啟程，出發(fā)；C.放棄；D.出現(xiàn)。故選C。【解析】考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)keepswimming可知，Cathy一直在訓練，沒有錯過一次訓練。A.參加；B.錯過；C.禁止；D.開始。故選B?！窘馕觥靠疾槊~辨析。根據(jù)上文thelastswimmer可知，要Cathy接受她不是獲勝者很難。A.初學者；B.學習者；C.伙伴；D.獲勝者。故選D?！窘馕觥靠疾閯釉~短語辨析。根據(jù)下文praisetheiraccomplishments可知，Cathy在那里為隊友加油鼓勁。A.向……歡呼，為……鼓勁加油；B.和……競爭；C.回答；D.追趕。故選A?！窘馕觥靠疾閯釉~辨析。根據(jù)下文總教練說的話可知，這里是指總教練宣布的事情。A.承認；B.解釋；C.宣布；D.低語，耳語。故選C?！窘馕觥靠疾槊~辨析。根據(jù)enthusiasm可知，教練是說：是Cathy用她的意志力和熱情激勵了我們。A.幽默；B.意愿，意志力；C.誠實；D.智慧。故選B。【解析】考查連詞辨析。根據(jù)下文themostvaluableasset可知，雖然技巧和才能帶來巨大成功，但是一個人能擁有的最珍貴的財富是心。A.雖然；B.自從；C.一旦；D.因為。故選A?！窘馕觥靠疾槊~辨析。根據(jù)上一段內(nèi)容可知，教練說這番話的時候是我女兒生活中最好的時刻。A.發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.選擇；C.影響；D.時刻。故選D?！窘馕觥靠疾榻樵~辨析。句意：她經(jīng)歷的這十年是真正成功的時候。A.通過（內(nèi)部）；B.在……下面；C.穿過（表面）；D.在……周圍。故選A?！久麕燑c睛】這篇文章是記敘文，難度適中。故事內(nèi)容體現(xiàn)了Cathy堅持不懈的毅力和執(zhí)著的精神。做題時要通讀文章，抓住故事的情節(jié)和作者想傳達的中心思想。圍繞主旨解答更有把握。學生要抓住這個主題，而且這個主題貫穿整個文章。這篇文章一個明顯的特點是上下文之間的聯(lián)系非常緊密。做題時牢記上下文的關(guān)聯(lián)對解題會很有幫助。做題時要結(jié)合完形填空的特點。完形填空題有的考查詞語同現(xiàn)、詞語復現(xiàn)，有的則是要運用邏輯推理能力，領(lǐng)會和掌握解題策略對提高完形填空的解題速度和準確率大有裨益。1.上下文串聯(lián)和語境暗示。這篇完型填空里面出現(xiàn)詞語同現(xiàn)的很少，但是詞語復現(xiàn)不少，就是指某一個詞以原詞、同根詞、同義詞、反義詞等方式重復出現(xiàn)在語篇中，語篇中的句子通過這種復現(xiàn)關(guān)系達到相互銜接。像這篇完型的16題，下文明顯出現(xiàn)了treatment，還有26題和27題，這兩題關(guān)聯(lián)很大，是相輔相成的。29題是和上文的信息詞lastwinner對應的。它們都屬于這種類型。2.邏輯推理。邏輯推理是通過對句子間和上下文之間邏輯關(guān)系的理解從而推斷出正確答案。其中邏輯關(guān)系主要包括因果關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、對比關(guān)系、并列關(guān)系等。邏輯推理題需要考生全面理解上下文的內(nèi)容，難度較大，考生不能將句子獨立開，要注意一個句群、一個段落的整體理解。這篇文章邏輯推理的題較多。如17題，這里表示時間的順承；20題主要是上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，特別是出現(xiàn)了rough，和上文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系；還有33題，抓住關(guān)鍵詞skillsandtalents和heart，可知這里也是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。第二部分：閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題分，滿分50分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AALanguageProgrammeforTeenagersWelcometoTeenagersAbroad!Weinviteyoutojoinusonanamazingjourneyoflanguagelearning.OurCoursesRegardlessofyourchoiceofcourse,you’lldevelopyourlanguageabilitybothquicklyandeffectively.OurStandardCourseguaranteesasignificantincreaseinyourconfidenceinaforeignlanguage,withfocusedteachinginall4skillareas—speaking,listening,readingandwriting.OurIntensiveCoursebuildsonourStandardCourse,with10additionallessonsperweek,guaranteeingthefastestpossiblelanguagelearning(seetablebelow).CourseTypeDaysNumberofLessonsCourseTimetableStandardCourseMon—Fri20lessons9:00—12:30IntensiveCourseMon—Fri20lessons9:00—12:3010lessons13:00—14:30EvaluationStudentsareplacedintoclassesaccordingtotheircurrentlanguageskills.Themajorityofthemtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheirprogramme.However,ifthisisnotavailable,studentssittheexamonthefirstMondayoftheircourse.Learningmaterialsareprovidedtostudentsthroughouttheircourse,andtherewillneverbemorethan15participantsineachclass.ArrivalsandTransferOurprogrammeoffersthefullpackage—studentsaretakengoodcareoffromthestartthroughtotheveryend.Theyarecollectedfromtheairportuponarrivalandbroughttotheiraccommodationincomfort.Werequirethestudent’sfullflightdetailsatleast4weeksinadvance.Meals/Allergies(過敏)/SpecialDietaryRequirementsStudentsareprovidedwithbreakfast,dinnerandeitheracookedorpackedlunch(whichconsistsofasandwich,adrinkandadessert).Snacksoutsideofmealtimesmaybepurchasedbythestudentindividually.Weaskthatyouletusknowofanyallergiesordietaryrequirementsaswellasinformationaboutanymedicinesyoutake.Dependingonthetypeofallergiesand/ordietaryrequirements,anextrachargemaybemadeforprovidingspecialfood.36.HowdoesIntensiveCoursedifferfromStandardCourse?A.Itislesseffective. B.Itfocusesonspeaking.C.Itincludesextralessons. D.Itgivesyouconfidence.37.WhencanastudentattendStandardCourse?A.13:00—14:30Monday. B.9:00—12:30Tuesday.C.13:00—14:30Friday. D.9:00—12:30Saturday.38.Beforestartingtheirprogramme,studentsareexpectedto_____________.A.takealanguagetest B.haveanonlineinterviewC.preparelearningmaterials D.reporttheirlanguagelevels39.Withthefullpackage,theprogrammeorganizerissupposedto_____________.A.informstudentsoftheirfullflightdetailsB.lookafterstudentsthroughouttheprogrammeC.offerstudentsfreesightseeingtripsD.collectstudents’luggageinadvance40.Whichofthefollowingmayrequireanextrapayment?A.Cookeddinner. B.Mealtimedessert.C.Packedlunch. D.Specialdiet.【話題解讀】這是一則廣告。介紹一個語言學習課程的課程設置以及學習、生活方面的要求。【解析】考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Evaluation部分的句子Themajorityofthemtakeanonlinelanguagetest可知，在開始課程之前，學生要參加一個在線語言測試。故選A?！窘馕觥靠疾榧毠?jié)理解。根據(jù)ArrivalsandTransfer部分里面的第一句可知，如果是fullpackage，課程的組織者應該在整個課程的過程中照顧學生。故選B?！窘馕觥靠疾榧毠?jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句話可知，特殊的飲食可能要額外付款。故選D?！久麕燑c睛】這是一篇廣告布告類閱讀理解，這種題目一般是比較簡單的，以考查細節(jié)題為主?？梢允褂眯畔⒑Y選法做題。為了節(jié)省時間，可以用先看題目，帶著題目用在文中尋讀的方法找到信息句，然后理解并找出正確答案。BEverymanwantshissontobesomewhatofaclone,notinfeaturesbutinfootsteps.Ashegrowsyoualsoage,andyourambitionsbecomemoreunachievable.Youbegintorealizethatyourboy,inyourfootsteps,couldprobablyaccomplishwhatyouhopedfor.Butfootstepscanbemuddiedandtheycangooffindifferentdirections.MysonJodyhashatedschoolsincedayoneinkindergarten.Scienceprojectswaiteduntilthelastmoment.Bookreportsweren’twrittenuntilthefinalthreat.I’vebeenanewspapermanallmyadultlife.Mydaughterisauniversitygraduateworkingtowardhermaster’sdegreeinEnglish.ButJody?Whenheenteredthetenthgradehebecamea“vo-tech”student(技校學生).They’recalled“motorheads”bytherestofthestudentbody.Whenasecretaryinmyofficefirstcalledhim“motorhead”,Iwasshocked.“Hey,he’sagoodkid,”Iwantedtosay.“Andsmart,really.”Ilearnedlaterthatmotorheadsare,indeed,different.Theyusuallyhavedirtyhandsandweardirtyworkclothes.Andtheydon’toftenmakeschoolhonorrolls(光榮榜).Butbeingtheparentofamotorheadisitselfanexperienceineducation.Wewholaborincleanshirtsinofficesdon’thavetheabilitiesthatmotorheadshave.IbegantolearnthiswhenIhadmycarcrashed.Thecosttorepairitwasestimatedat$800.“Hey,Icanfixit,”saidJody.Idoubtedit,butlethimgoahead,forIhadnothingtolose.Myson,withothermotorheads,fixedthecar.Theygotparts(零件)fromajunkyard,andabilityfromvo-techclasses.Thelostwas$25insteadof$80.Sincethatfirstrepairjob,abrokenair-conditioner,anon-functioningwasherandanon-toastingtoasterhavebeenfixed.Neighborsandco-workerstrusttheircarrepairstohim.Thesekidsarehappiestwhendoingrepairs.Theyjokeandlaughandarelivingintheirownrelaxedworld.Andtheirmindsarebrightdespitetheirdirtyhandsandclothes.Ihavelearnedalotfrommymotorhead:publishersneedprinters,engineersneedmechanics,andarchitectsneedbuilders.Mostimportant,Ihavelearnedthatfathersdon’tneedclonesinfootstepsoranywhereelse.Mysonmaynevermaketheschoolhonorroll.Buthemademine.41.Whatusedtobetheauthor’shopeforhisson?A.Toavoidbecominghisclone. B.Toresemblehiminappearance.C.Todevelopinadifferentdirection. D.Toreachtheauthor’sunachievedgoals.42.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor’schildren?A.Hisdaughterdoesbetterinschool. B.Hisdaughterhasgotamaster’sdegree.C.Hissontriedhardtofinishhomework. D.Hissoncouldn’twritehisbookreports.43.Theauthorlethissonrepairthecarbecausehebelievedthat_____________.A.Hissonhadtheabilitytofixit B.itwouldsavehimmuchtimeC.itwouldn’tcausehimanymoreloss D.othermotorheadswouldcometohelp44.Intheauthor’seyes,motorheadsare_____________.A.tidyandhardworking B.cheerfulandsmartC.lazybutbright D.relaxedbutrude45.Whatdidtheauthorrealizeintheend?A.Itisunwisetoexpectyourchildtofollowyourpath.B.Itisimportantforonetomakethehonorroll.C.Architectsplayamoreimportantrolethanbuilders.D.Motorheadshavegreaterabilitythanofficeworkers.【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。作者一開始希望自己的兒子能效仿他，完成他沒有實現(xiàn)的目標。但是他的兒子學習成績不理想，只上了技校。一次作者的車壞了，兒子和同學幫助作者修好了車，讓作者改變了自己的看法?？键c：考查細節(jié)理解?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)第三段的句子Mydaughterisauniversitygraduateworkingtowardhermaster’sdegreeinEnglish.可知，作者的女兒學習很好。故選A?？键c：考查推理判斷?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)第六段的句子Idoubtedit,butlethimgoahead,forIhadnothingtolose.可知，作者認為兒子修車不會給他帶來任何損失。故選C?？键c：考查細節(jié)理解?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)倒數(shù)第三段的句子Thesekidsarehappiestwhendoingrepairs.Theyjokeandlaughandarelivingintheirownrelaxedworld.Andtheirmindsarebright可知，在作者眼中，motorheads是令人興奮的，聰明的。故選B?？键c：考查推理判斷?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)倒數(shù)第二段的句子Mostimportant,Ihavelearnedthatfathersdon’tneedclonesinfootstepsoranywhereelse.可知，作者最后意識到希望孩子按自己期望的道路走是不明智的。故選B?？键c：考查細節(jié)理解。【名師點睛】這是一篇故事類短文，題目設置以細節(jié)題為主，細節(jié)理解題一般就是文章出現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容即是答案。也有推理判斷題，就是不是通過題干的某個單詞定位到文中能直接看出答案來的，要通過故事中人物的語言、動作去揣摩他們的真正意圖。做題時不能流于表面，可以適當運用一些解題技巧。做推理判斷題要善于抓住某一段話中的關(guān)鍵信息，即某些關(guān)鍵詞或短語去分析、推理、判斷，利用逆向思維或正面推理，從而推斷出這句話所隱含的深層含義。比如這篇閱讀理解的第二題，問：作者的孩子是怎么樣的？根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容Mydaughterisauniversitygraduateworkingtowardhermaster’sdegreeinEnglish.ButJody?Whenheenteredthetenthgradehebecamea“vo-tech”student(技校學生).They’recalled“motorheads”bytherestofthestudentbody.可知，作者的女兒正在攻讀碩士學位，所以B是錯的；而作者的兒子是一個技校生，學習不是很好，C是錯的；D項說作者的兒子不能完成報告，而文中只是說他的兒子會拖延，所以D也是錯的，正確答案是通過第三段內(nèi)容推理出來的。CWhenJohnwasgrowingup,otherkidsfeltsorryforhim.Hisparentsalwayshadhimweedingthegarden,carryingoutthegarbageanddeliveringnewspapers.ButwhenJohnreachedadulthood,hewasbetteroffthanhischildhoodplaymates.Hehadmorejobsatisfaction,abettermarriageandwashealthier.Mostofall,hewashappier.Farhappier.Thesearethefindingsofa40-yearstudythatfollowedthelivesof456teenageboysfromBoston.Thestudyshowedthatthosewhohadworkedasboysenjoyedhappierandmoreproductivelivesthanthosewhohadnot.“Boyswhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetence(能力)andcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsociety,”saidGeorgeVaillant,thepsychologist(心理學家)whomadethediscovery.“Andbecausetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselves,othersfeltgoodaboutthem.”Vaillant’sstudyfollowedthesemalesingreatdetail.Interviewswererepeatedatages25,31and47.UnderVaillant,theresearcherscomparedthemen’smental-healthscoreswiththeirboyhood-activityscores.Pointswereawardedforpart-timejobs,housework,effortinschool,andabilitytodealwithproblems.Thelinkbetweenwhatthemenhaddoneasboysandhowtheyturnedoutasadultswassurprisinglysharp.Thosewhohaddonethemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceaslikelytohavewarmrelationswithawidevarietyofpeople,fivetimesaslikelytobewellpaidand16timeslesslikelytohavebeenunemployed.TheresearchersalsofoundthatIQandfamilysocialandeconomicclassmadenorealdifferenceinhowtheboysturnedout.Working—atanyage—isimportant.Childhoodactivitieshelpachilddevelopresponsibility,independence,confidenceandcompetence—theunderpinnings(基礎(chǔ))ofemotionalhealth.Theyalsohelphimunderstandthatpeoplemustcooperateandworktowardcommongoals.Themostcompetentadultsarethosewhoknowhowtodothis.Yetworkisn’teverything.AsTolstoyoncesaid,“Onecanlivemagnificentlyinthisworldifoneknowshowtoworkandhowtolove,toworkforthepersononelovesandtoloveone’swork.”46.WhatdoweknowaboutJohn?A.Heenjoyedhiscareerandmarriage. B.Hehadfewchildhoodplaymates.C.Hereceivedlittlelovefromhisfamily. D.Hewasenviedbyothersinhischildhood.47.Vaillant’swordsinParagraph2serveas_____________.A.adescriptionofpersonalvaluesandsocialvaluesB.ananalysisofhowworkwasrelatedtocompetenceC.anexampleforparents’expectationsoftheirchildrenD.anexplanationwhysomeboysgrewintohappymen48.Vaillant’steamobtainedtheirfindingsby_____________.A.recordingtheboys’effortinschool B.evaluatingthemen’smentalhealthC.comparingdifferentsetsofscores D.measuringthemen’sproblemsolvingability49.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sharp”probablymeaninParagraph4?A.Quicktoreact. B.Havingathinedge.C.Clearanddefinite. D.suddenandrapid.50.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Competentadultsknowmoreaboutlovethanwork.B.Emotionalhealthisessentialtoawonderfuladultlife.C.Lovebringsmorejoytopeoplethanworkdoes.D.Independenceisthekeytoone’ssuccess.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章通過John的例子結(jié)合一個研究發(fā)現(xiàn)說明童年時期幫助做一些家務的孩子長大后會更快樂，更成功?？键c：考查細節(jié)理解?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)第二段的句子Boyswhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetence(能力)andcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsociety可知，第二段Vaillant的話是解釋為什么一些男孩成長為快樂的人。故選D?？键c：考查推理判斷。【解析】根據(jù)第三段的句子theresearcherscomparedthemen’smental-healthscoreswiththeirboyhood-activityscores可知，Vaillant的團隊獲得他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)是通過對比不同的得分。故選C?？键c：考查細節(jié)理解?？键c：考查詞義猜測?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)最后一段的句子Onecanlivemagnificentlyinthisworldifoneknowshowtoworkandhowtolove,toworkforthepersononelovesandtoloveone’swork可知，情感健康對于好的成年人生活非常重要。故選B?？键c：考查推理判斷?！久麕燑c睛】這篇文章內(nèi)容和學生自己的生活密切相關(guān)，而且是通過調(diào)查研究的方式給出，更加有說服力，學生應該有興趣閱讀。文章篇幅適中，考查比較全面，除了理解細節(jié)題，還需要適當?shù)耐评砼袛?，還有詞義猜測類的題目，對學生能力考查比較全面。DFailureisprobablythemostexhaustingexperienceapersoneverhas.Thereisnothingmoretiringthannotsucceeding.Weexperiencethistirednessintwoways:asstart-upfatigue(疲憊)andperformancefatigue.Intheformercase,wekeepputtingoffataskbecauseithaseithertooboringortoodifficult.Andthelongerwedelayit,themoretiredwefeel.Suchstart-upfatigueisveryreal,evenifnotactuallyphysical,notsomethinginourmusclesandbones.Thesolutionisobviousthoughperhapsnoteasytoapply:alwayshandlethemostdifficultjobfirst.Yearsago,Iwasaskedtowrite102essaysonthegreatideasofsomefamousauthors.Applyingmyownrule,Ideterminedtowritetheminalphabeticalorder(按字母順序),neverlettingmyselfleaveoutatoughidea.AndIalwaysstartedtheday’sworkwiththedifficulttaskofessay-writing.Experienceprovedthattheruleworks.Performancefatigueismoredifficulttohandle.Thoughwillingtogetstarted,wecannotseemtodothejobright.Itsdifficultiesappearsogreatthat,howeverhardwework,wefailagainandagain.Insuchasituation,IworkashardasIcan—thenlettheunconscioustakeover.WhenplanningEncyclopaediaBritannica(《大英百科全書》),Ihadtocreateatableofcontentsbasedonthetopicsofitsarticles.Nothinglikethishadeverbeendonebefore,anddayafterdayIkeptcomingupwithsolutions,butnoneofthemworked.Myfatiguebecamealmostunbearable.Oneday,mentallyexhausted,Iwrotedownallthereasonswhythisproblemcouldnotbesolved.Itriedtoconvincemyselfthatthetroublewaswiththeproblemitself,notwithme.Relieved,Isatbackinaneasychairandfellasleep.Anhourlater,Iwokeupsuddenlywiththesolutionclearlyinmind.Intheweeksthatfollowed,thesolutionwhichhadcomeupinmyunconsciousmindprovedcorrectateverystep.ThoughIworkedashardasbefore,Ifeltnofatigue.Successwasnowasexcitingasfailurehadbeendepressing.Humanbeings,Ibelievemusttrytosucceed.Success,then,meansneverfeelingtired.51.Peoplewithstart-upfatiguearemostlikelyto_____________.A.delaytasks B.workhard C.seekhelp D.acceptfailure52.Whatdoestheauthorrecommenddoingtopreventstart-upfatigue?A.Writingessaysinstrictorder. B.Buildingupphysicalstrength.C.Leavingoutthetoughestideas. D.Dealingwiththehardesttaskfirst.53.Onwhatoccasiondoesapersonprobablysufferfromperformancefatigue?A.Beforestartingadifficulttask.B.Whenallthesolutionsfail.C.Ifthejobisratherboring.D.Afterfindingawayout.54.Accordingtotheauthor,theunconsciousmindmayhelpus_____________.A.ignorementalproblems B.getsomenicesleepC.gaincompleterelief D.findtherightsolution55.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.SuccessIsBuiltuponFailureB.HowtoHandlePerformanceFatigueC.GettingoverFatigue:AWaytoSuccessD.Fatigue:AnEarlySignofHealthProblems【語篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議文章。文章主要介紹每個人都希望成功，但是人們在實施任務的時候會出現(xiàn)啟動疲憊和表現(xiàn)疲憊，這是造成失敗的兩種原因，并介紹了如何克服這兩種疲憊?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)第二段的句子Intheformercase,wekeepputtingoffatask可知，有啟動疲憊的人更可能拖延任務。故選A?？键c：考查細節(jié)理解?？键c：考查細節(jié)理解?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)第五段的句子Performancefatigueismoredifficulttohandle可知，當所有的解決方法都失敗的時候，一個人可能會有表現(xiàn)疲憊。故選B?？键c：考查細節(jié)理解?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)第五段的最后一句話可知，無意識的行為可能幫助我們發(fā)現(xiàn)正確的解決方法。故選D?？键c：考查細節(jié)理解?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)全篇文章，尤其是最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹造成失敗的兩種疲憊以及如何克服疲憊。故選C?？键c：考