2021深圳一模英語試題及答案

深圳市高三英語試卷共10頁，滿分120分，折算成130分計入總分。考試用時120分鐘。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheTanzaniaConferenceTheTanzaniaConferencewillbeheldinordertocreatedirectcommunicationbetweentheconservation（保護）workers.ItissponsoredbytheRuffordSmallGrants（RSG）,agroupthatfundsnatureconservationprojectsacrossthedevelopingworld.Thisconference,chairedbyHudsonLaizer,willbring49peoplefrom7countries.TworoundsofExperienceSharingPresentationswillbeheld,eachconsistingof4speeches.FeaturePresentations:LucasKwiyega,TanzaniaHispresentationwillfocusonhissecondRSGprojectoftakingnewmeasurestopreventillegalkillingoflionsinWesternTanzania.TutiloMudumba,UgandaHewilltalkabouthowheusestheRSGtocollectanimaltrapsandmakesthesewiresintomarketablegoods.DanielNiyonsaba,RwandaHewillsharehisthirdRSGresearchprojectfindingswhichfocusonwhytheelephantsaredyingoutinNationalParkofRwanda.EvarastusObura,KenyaHewillpresenthisprojectentitled“Understandingthedeclineofthreatenedantelopes:usingbarcoding（條形碼）tomeasuretheimpactofdamagedwetland”.Whatistheaimoftheconference?Toraisemoney.Tosetupaproject.Toconnectconservationists.Tolookforconservationists.Howmanypresentationswillbeheld?8.B.4.C.49.D.7.Whowilltalkaboutthecausesoftheelephant'sextinction?Mr.Kwiyega.B.Mr.Mudumba.C.Mr.Niyonsaba.D.Mr.Obura.BMr.ParishhadoriginallyintendedtojointheRoyalNavybutendedupasateacheratourschool.Somepupilsguessedthathestillfeltthecalloftheocean—perhapsbecausehislessonswerealmostentirelydevotedtonavigation（航海）.Theyarguedthatitwasdeeplyunfairtolearnaboutnavigationbutneveractuallygotosea.ThenMr.Parish,seeingabunchofyoungpeoplepreparedtocrewtheboat,allowedthemtosailherinreturnforworkingontheboat,Andthatwasthebeginningoftheschoolsailingclub.AndIdidlearntheropesonthatschooltrip.Ilearnedhowtooperateashipinthehighwaves.Ilearnedthemeaningofteamworkandbecameabetterteamplayer.Ialsolearnedthatthebestfishistheonethatyouhavecaughtandcookedyourselffromaboatthatyouhaverebuiltandsailedyourself.WhatwasunusualabouttheboatJolieBri?seItwasinaperfectcondition.ItslawfulownerwasMr.Parish.ItwongloryfortheRoyalNavy.Itslocationwasn'tasfamousasitwas.Whywasthesailingclubsetup?Thecrewwereselected.Theboatneededworkers.Mr.Parishtriedtoexplorethesea.Studentsaskedtopracticenavigation.Whatfinallymadetheschoolsailingtrippossible?Theclub'spermission.Mr.Parish'ssailingexperience.Thestudents'preparingtheshipforit.Theschool'sofferingfinancialsupport.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“l(fā)earntheropes”inparagraph4mean?Learntocook.B.Masterusefulskills.C.Ensuresailingsafety.D.Useropesproperly.B.Masterusefulskills.C.Ensuresailingsafety.D.Useropesproperly.Realfinancialsecurityandfreedomisnotinourjobbutinourpassion.It'seasytodefineandevaluateamanbyhispursuit.JosephCampbelloncesaid,“Followyourdreamandtheuniversewillopendoorswherethereareonlywalls.”Inlife,we'llalwaysbefounddoinganyofthesetwothings:eithermakingalivingormakingadifference.Pensions(養(yǎng)老金)andsalariesstopmanyfrompursuingexcellencewhilepassionunlockshiddenpotentialsthatequipusforchallengesandopportunities.Ajobhelpsusmakealivingwhilepassionenablesustomakeadifference.Iwanttosincerelyhelptoadjustandclarifythemisguidedbeliefamongworkersthatajobisameansoflivelihood.Rather,itshouldbeameanstofuelourpassion.Theearlieryourealizethisbasictruthoflife,themoreclearlyyou'llbeabletopositionyourselfinlivingalifeofimpactandvalue.ThesuccessofKentuckyFriedChicken(KFC)showshowmeaningfulitistopursueyourpassioninsteadofyourpension.Itsfounder,ColonelHarlandSanders,didn'trealizethisuntilhewasgivenhisfirstsocialsecuritycheckof105dollars.Buthedecidedthattheresurelywassomethingtodoforhimselfandotherpeopleinsteadoflivingonthatsmallpension.Hewasdeterminedtoengagehimselfinwhatbroughthimimpactandvalue.Drawinginspirationfromhismother'sspecialrecipeforfriedchicken,heinvented“finger-licking”seasoningwithelevenspicesandherbs.Despitemuchrejection,hemanagedtoroundupsomeinvestorsandpromotecompany'srapidexpansiontomorethan6,000locations.Sanders'lifepointedtowardstwofactsaboutmakingadifference:one,thereisnoagethatistoooldtomakeadifference;two,thereisnothingtoosmallorinsignificanttomakeadifferencewith,aslongasitisyourpassion.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisargumentinparagraph2?Bylistingexamples.Byshowingcontrast.Byincludingaquote.Bysharinghisexperience.HowdidSandersprobablyfeelwhenofferedhisfirstsocialsecuritycheck?Deeplymoved.B.Pleasantlysurprised.C.Greatlyrelieved.D.Internallymotivated.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedo?Pursueourpassion.Getawell-paidjob.Secureourposition.Getcareerguidance.Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?PassionorPension?FollowingYourDreamsWorkingforPensionToWorkornottoWork?DInastudypublishedinNatureMachineIntelligernecsea,rchersatOhioStateUniversityshowhowartificialintelligence(AI)canfollowclinicaltrialstoidentifydrugsforrepurposing,asolutionthatcanhelpadvanceinnovativetreatments.Repurposingdrugsislegalandnotunusual.Whendoctorsprescribe(開處方)drugsthathavebeenapprovedbytheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)forpurposesdifferentfromwhatisprintedonthelabels,thedrugsarebeingused“off-label.”JustbecauseadrugisFDA-approvedforaspecifictypeofdiseasedoesnotpreventitfromhavingpossiblebenefitsforotherpurposes.Forexample,Metformin,adrugthatisFDA-approvedfortreatingtype2diabetes,isalsousedtotreatPCOS(adiseaseofwomen),andotherdiseases.Trazodone,ananti-depressantwithFDA-approvaltotreatdepression,isalsoprescribedbydoctorstohelptreatpatientswithsleepissues.TheOhioStateUniversityresearchteamcreatedanAIdeeplearningmodelforpredictingtreatmentprobabilitywithpatientdataincludingthetreatment,outcomes,andpotentialconfounders(干擾因素).Confoundersarerelatedtotheexposureandoutcome.Forexample,aconnectionisidentifiedbetweenmusicfestivalsandincreasesinskinrashes(紅疹).Musicfestivalsdonotdirectlycauseskinrashes.Inthiscase,onepossibleconfoundingfactorbetweenthetwomaybeoutdoorheat,asmusicfestivalstendtorunoutdoorswhenthetemperatureishigh,andheatisaknowncauseforrashes.Whenworkingwithreal-worlddata,confounderscouldnumberinthethousands.AIdeeplearningiswell-suitedtofindpatternsinthecomplexityofpotentiallythousandsofconfounders.Theresearcherteamusedconfoundersincludingpopulationdataandco-prescribeddrugs.Withthisproof-of-concept,nowclinicianshaveapowerfulAItooltorapidlydiscovernewtreatmentsbyrepurposingexistingmedications.Whatdoweknowaboutadrugusedoff-label?Itissoldwithoutalabel.Itisavailableatalowprice.Itsusesextendbeyondtheoriginalones.Itsclinicaltrialsarerejectedbydoctors.MetforminandTrazodonearesimilarasbothofthemA.areusedoff-labeltreatrarediseasesresultinsleepissuesaremedicalbreakthroughsWhatcanbeinferredabout“confounders”?A.Theyarepossibletreatments.Theyareenvironmentalfactors.Theycanbeeasilyrecognizedinreal-worlddata.Theyshouldbetakenintoseriousconsideration.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.AIexaminesbenefitsofexistingdrugs.AIidentifiesoff-labelusesfordrugs.AIfindsnewdrugsforcommondiseases.D.AIprovesthepowerofdrugresearch.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WhenIdecidedtoleavemyhomecountrytopursueadegreeinCanada,Ihadn'texpectedthatcommunicationwouldbeanissue.16ItookEnglishlessonsinmyteensandscoredwellonEnglishtests.19IdecidedtoremindthemthatEnglishisnotmyfirstlanguage.Iaskedthemtospeakmoreslowlytohelpmefollowthediscussions.Itwasalittleawkwardtodrawattentiontowhatmightbeseenasaweakness.Andatfirst,theothermembersoftheresearchteamseemedslightlysurprised.Butthedynamicsquicklyimproved.Theyseemedtobecomemoreawareofhowtheywerespeaking,andIfeltmorecomfortablejoiningintheconversation._20A.Plus,Ilearnedtobeopenwithmycolleagues.Whynotcontributetothediscussioninwriting?IhadthoughtIcouldexpressmyselfinEnglisheasily.GraduallyIgrewuncomfortablewithoralcommunication.Then,Ihadtoreflectcarefullyonitandthinkofaresponse.Witheffortsonbothsides,wecouldovercomelanguagebarriers.Howcanonedenythesignificanceofeffectivecommunication?第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。JadelivesinAustralia,acountryfamousforkangaroos,butnotforsnow.Yetat12,she21toskiattheNorthPole.Despitethelackof22trainingspace,Jadestillbuilther__23__atthegym.Sheranwithgianttyresattachedtoherwaistto24whatitwasliketopullasled（雪橇）acrossice.Bytheageof14,Jadewas25__.Thefarnorthisnotablankcarpetofsoftsnow,butJade__26__thetoughconditions.Eventhougheverypartofherbodywas_27__,sheneverthoughtofgivingup.InApril2016,Jademade28,becomingtheyoungestpersontoskitotheNorthPole.Whentalkingabouther29__,shestatedthateveryhumanbodyis_30__,whetheryouareamanorawoman.Butwhenthetalkwaspostedonline,someInternetbullies（霸凌者）wrote31commentslike“Makemeasandwich"tomakeherfeel32.Toprovewomen'splaceisfarbeyondthe__33__,JadeandherteampushedontotheSouthPoleandmadeit.Holdingaplatewithasandwich,Jade34hadherphototakenandposted3537daysand600kmtothe3537daysand600kmtotheSouthPole,andyoucaneatit.”21.A.managedB.decidedC.offeredD.afforded22.A.authenticB.largeC.comfortableD.private23.A.careerB.confidenceC.strengthD.team24.A.tellB.feelC.rememberD.share25.A.matureB.determinedC.availableD.ready26.A.bravedB.improvedC.predictedD.identified27.A.workingB.refusingC.bleedingD.aching28.A.progressB.promisesC.historyD.efforts29.A.hobbyB.adventureC.advantageD.award30.A.complexB.beautifulC.amazingD.valuable31.A.meanB.kindC.briefD.fair32.A.puzzledB.smallC.nervousD.worried33.A.gymB.fieldC.kitchenD.office34.A.unwillinglyB.casuallyC.secretlyD.proudly35.A.skiB.walkC.runD.cycle第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Withabigsmileonherface,GanYouqinchatswithherfollowersinherlive-stream(直播)everynight,trying36(promote)salesoforangesfromherhometown,asmallvillageinGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion.She,togetherwithherteammates,37(help)villagerssellnearly500,000kilogramsoforangeseveryweek.The40-year-oldwoman,whousedtobeafarmerandhousewife,isnowadmiredinherhometown38hergreatsuccessinboostingsalesoffarmproduce.Gan39(know)asoneofthepioneerswhosharescountrylifeandpromotessalesofrelatedproductsonline.Shewas40(initial)encouragedbyhernephew,whoaskedGantobethemaincharacterinhisshortvideos41(feature)countrylife.AsGan'sfamegrew,theybegantosellfruitfromtheirfamilyorchard(果園),42soonfellshortofdemand.Theythenlaunchedane-commercecompanysellingvariouskindsof43(agriculture)productsfromallovertheregion.Gan'scompanyhasbeen44greatsuccessandGanhasreceivedlotsofawardsforher45(achieve).Sheisnowdevotedtoshootingvideosandlive-streaming,butisalsoplanningtoofferfreetrainingtothosewholovetheindustry.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）你校正在組織英語作文比賽。請以“特別的寒假”為題，寫一篇短文參賽，內(nèi)容包括1.就地過年；2.寒假活動；3.你的感受。1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Thefootballseason,wasalmostover.Sallyhadbeenplayingfootballallsummer.Shereallyenjoyedrunningaroundwiththeotherplayersinherbrightorangeuniform,chasingtheblackandwhiteballacrossthegrassyfield.Asmuchasshetried,though,Sallystillhadnotscoredonesinglegoal.Beforeeachgame,theyhadapracticesession.ThecoachshowedSallyandherteamhowtopasstheballtoeachotherandtakeshotsatthegoal.Sallywasprettygoodatpassingtheball,butevenduringpractices,shecouldn'tkicktheballpastthegoalkeeper.Shewonderedifsheshouldquitfootballandjoinadifferentclub.Thebreakwasoverandtherefereeblewhiswhistletostartthegameagain.Thetwoteamswalkedbackontothefield,bothdeterminedtowin.Sallybent,tieduphershoelaceandheardhermotherwhisperinherear.“Stayfocused.Keepyoureyesontheball.Lookforanopportunitytogettheball.Youcandoit.”Sallystoodupandtookadeepbreath.Evenifshedidn'tgetonegoalallsummer,sheknewthatshehadtriedherbest.Thatwassomethingtobeproudof.Soshesmiledathermotherandheadedtoherposition.Thewhistleblew,andthegamecontinued.Thescorewastiedwithonegoaleach.Thegreenteamwasprettygood,butSally'sorangeteamwasfast.Thegirls'ponytailsbouncedastheyran,withmanyfeetkickingfrantically拼命地）attheballwhenitcamenearthem.ItwasaratherboringgameandSally'sheartwasnolongerinit.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Sallystarteddaydream