8B期末復(fù)習(xí)3-4單元學(xué)案(精講+習(xí)題)

PAGEPAGE15單元Unit3一、重點(diǎn)詞匯：online,television,channel,design(er),program,education(al),traveller,character,role,knowledge,screen,mark,pass,set,store,movable,machine,control,print,appear,daily,exciting,include,cover,order,introduction,goal,produce(r);二、詞組短語：turnon,atthesametime,maincharacter,athirteen-year-oldboy,fallasleep,earnapoint,playtheroleof…,findout,sellout,asetof,dailyEnglish,askforhelp常見的被動語態(tài)的一些詞組getdressed(穿衣)gethurt(受傷)getlost(迷路)getwashed(洗臉)getmarried(結(jié)婚)becoveredwith(被…覆蓋)bemadeof（由…制成）（看得出原材料）bemadeby（由某人制造）bemadefrom（由…制成）（看不出原材料）bemadein（由某地制造）beusedfor（被用于…）beusedas（被當(dāng)作…使用）itissaidthat…（據(jù)說…）itishopedthat…（希望…）itiswellknownthat…（眾所周知…）一.【精選詞匯】㈠重點(diǎn)短語1.Ihavenoidea.＝I’venoidea.＝Idon’tknow.我不知道。(p40)2.turnontheTV→turnon/off打開/關(guān)閉…，turnup/down調(diào)大/調(diào)低；都是“動詞＋副詞”。3.changethechannel換臺→onChannel…在…臺，e.g.onCCTV-5→拓展：theEnglishChannel英吉利海峽4.differentusesofcomputers計(jì)算機(jī)的不同用途：drawanddesign,playcomputergames,searchforinformation,sendandreceivee-mails收發(fā)電子郵件,dowordprocessing進(jìn)行文字處理,writecomputerprograms編寫計(jì)算機(jī)程序(p41)5.travelaroundtheworldineighthours八小時(shí)環(huán)游地球，educationalCD-ROM教育軟件(p42)6.comeout(書等)出版，發(fā)行，發(fā)表，不能用于被動語態(tài)，可以轉(zhuǎn)化為bepublished?！粗R鏈接〉Whenwillhernewnovelcomeout?＝Whenwillhernewnovelbepublished?〈用法拓展〉⑴(太陽、月亮或星星)出現(xiàn)；露出，e.g.Therainedstoppedandthesuncameout.⑵(花朵)開放；(草)出芽，e.g.InMarchflowersandgrasscomeout.7.learnEnglishandgeographyatthesametime同時(shí)學(xué)英語和地理→atthesametime同時(shí)〈知識鏈接〉learnandplayatthesametime邊學(xué)邊玩8.themaincharacter主角→playthemaincharacterof…＝playtheleadroleof…〈知識鏈接〉playtherole…扮演…，thebestactor最佳男主角，thebestactress最佳女主角9.have/getitchyfeet渴望旅行，e.g.ShehasgonetoAustralia－shehasalwayshaditchyfeet.10.helpyoulearnEnglishbytestingyourknowledgeofEnglishgrammarandvocabulary(p43)〈知識鏈接〉⑴by介詞，通過某種方法、手段，后接名詞或動詞-ing。①Hemadealivingbysellingflowers.②Youcanknowmoreaboutthenewsbyreadingtoday’snewspaper.⑵haveaknowledgeof有某方面的知識，e.g.①Hehasawideknowledgeofpainting.他在繪畫方面知識淵博。②Knowledgeispower.知識就是力量。11.oneofthebestonthemarket市面上最暢銷的一種12.chooseoneiconinthemenu在菜單里選擇一個(gè)圖標(biāo)，clickonitformoredetails點(diǎn)擊它以了解詳情→clickon…點(diǎn)擊…，leftdouble-clickon…左鍵雙擊…13.openmynewe-dictionaryonmycomputer打開我電腦上的新電子詞典(p48)〈知識鏈接〉“打開”電腦的軟件用open不用turnon?！从梅ㄍ卣埂耽庞h詞典anEnglish-Chinesedictionary，漢英詞典aChinese-Englishdictionary⑵查字典：lookupawordinadictionary或lookawordupinadictionary14.restartthecomputer重新啟動電腦→startvt.啟動；開始→restart重新啟動〈知識鏈接〉re＋部分動詞→再…，e.g.rebuild重建，reuse循環(huán)使用，retell復(fù)述〈用法拓展〉setoff＝startoff出發(fā)；動身，setaboutdoingsth開始做某事，著手做某事15.checkthesettings檢查設(shè)置，double-clickonthe“auto-run”icon雙擊“自動運(yùn)行”圖標(biāo)，double-clickontheiconfor“Tour”→double-clickonthe…icon＝double-clickontheiconfor…雙擊…圖標(biāo)，putintheCD-ROM插入光盤16.connectthekeyboardtothecomputerproperly正確地連接鍵盤和電腦〈知識鏈接〉⑴connectAtoB連接A和B→beconnectedto…與…連接⑵properadj.正確的→properly17.growaninch長一英寸，growtosixfeetlong長到六英尺長→Afootisequalto12inches.18.dailyEnglish＝everydayEnglish日常英語→dailynewspaper日報(bào)，XinhuaDaily新華日報(bào)19.goonshorttoursofAustraliaandNewZealand去澳大利亞和新西蘭短期旅行(p52)20.behiddeninsomewhereintheArctic被藏在北極的某個(gè)地方→behidden＋地點(diǎn)，被藏在…21.thetreasurebox百寶箱→treasurehunt尋寶(p55)㈡詞匯解析1.onlineadj.聯(lián)網(wǎng)的；在線的e.g.chatonline網(wǎng)上聊天，orderapackageonline網(wǎng)上訂購一套2.reach⑴vt.到達(dá)＝getto…＝arriveat/in…⑵達(dá)到，e.g.①reach18yearsold年滿18歲②Thechildisn’ttallenoughtoreachthesnacksonthetable.⑶reachoutahand伸出一只手3.⑴correctlyadv.正確地→correct①adj.正確的→incorrect→incorrectly②vt.改正；修正，e.g.correctamistake改正錯(cuò)誤⑵correct正確的→wrong錯(cuò)誤的，inthecorrectorder按正確順序4.educatev.教育→educationn.教育→educationaladj.教育的，e.g.①educateoneself自修；培養(yǎng)②beeducatedatschool在學(xué)校里受教育③haveagoodeducation受到良好教育5.knowledgen.知識→knowvt.知道→beknowntosb為某人所知，bewellknown/famousfor…因…而出名，beknownas…作為…而出名，e.g.SamuelClemens,whowasknownasMarkTwain,wasafamousAmericanwriter.塞繆斯·克萊門斯，以馬克·吐溫知名，是美國名作家。6.point⑴n.分?jǐn)?shù)e.g.get100points得100分⑵n.小數(shù)點(diǎn)e.g.1.732讀作onepointseventhreetwo⑶v.指e.g.pointout指出，pointat/to…指向7.regards(用于信函的結(jié)尾或轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)問候)致意；問候→regardsbas…把某人視為…8.company簡寫作Co.，e.g.有限公司companylimited＝Co.,Lducer制作人；制造商。9.使用計(jì)算機(jī)Officeword常用短語：createafile創(chuàng)建文檔，keep/savethefileforfutureuse保存該文檔以備用?！笆瞻l(fā)電子郵件”sendandreceivee-mails需要“電子信箱”e-mailaddress。10.control⑴n.(鍵盤上的)控制鍵⑵vt.控制e.g.①Thetrafficlightsarecontrolledbyacentralcomputer.交通信號燈由中心計(jì)算機(jī)控制。②Thisknobcontrolsthevolume.此旋鈕調(diào)節(jié)音量。二.【重點(diǎn)句型】1.—Whatdoyouuseyourcomputerfor?—Iusuallyuseittosearchforinformation.(p41)〈知識鏈接〉What…for?＝Why…?為什么…?e.g.Whatdidyoudothatfor?＝Whydidyoudothat?2.Itsoundsinteresting,doesn’tit?→“陳述句＋附加疑問？”構(gòu)成反意疑問句。(p42)⑴附加疑問即“助動詞或助動詞的否定式縮寫＋主語或there”；附加疑問部分的助動詞必須與陳述句保持一致，主語必須是人稱代詞或there，并與陳述句主語的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。⑵前肯定后否定；前否定后肯定。尤其要注意“前否定后肯定”答語的英漢差異。⑶反意疑問句的答語為“Yes,主語＋助動詞.”或“No,主語＋助動詞的否定式”。e.g.—Simondidn’ttakepartinthefootballmatch,didhe?—Yes,hedid.Thoughhewasn’tfeelingwell.—西蒙沒有參加足球賽，是嗎？—不，他參加了。盡管他當(dāng)時(shí)不舒服。3.Oneday,hewaslyingonthegrassandlookingatthebeautifulbluesky,whenhefellasleepandhadaverystrangedream.一天，他躺在草地上，看著美麗的藍(lán)天，不知不覺間睡著了，并做了個(gè)奇怪的夢。lie①躺→lies→lying→lay→lain②說謊→lies→lying→lied→lied③位于→lies→lying→lied→lied〈知識鏈接〉⑴lie意思是“躺”，常用于liedown躺下，findsb/sthlying＋地點(diǎn)①Shefoundapurselyingontheground.②Ifoundahomelessmanlyingatthestreetcorner.⑵fallasleep睡著，e.g.HefellasleepwhenhewaswatchingTV.⑶have/dreama…dream做了一個(gè)…的夢，e.g.have/dreamastrangedream〈用法拓展〉lie⑴說謊，e.g.①Youcouldseefromhisfacethathewaslying.②tellalie說謊⑵位于，e.g.JiangsuliesintheeastofChina.4.Seethosebigcloudsofdifferentcolourswithquestionsonthem?Yougetapointeverytimeyouansweraquestioncorrectly.→everytime＋陳述句，每當(dāng)…，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句?！粗R鏈接〉getapoint得一分，answeraquestioncorrectly答對一題5.Whenyouhavegotenoughpoints,acloudwillcomedownandcarryyouofftoaplaceyouhavenevervisitedbefore.→youhavenevervisitedbefore是省略關(guān)系代詞that/which的定語從句?！粗R鏈接〉havegotenoughpoints獲得足夠的點(diǎn)數(shù)，carryyouoffto…把你帶到…6.Areyouready?Let’sgo！準(zhǔn)備好了嗎？出發(fā)！7.Forexample,whenyoureachLondon,youwilllearnabouttheMuseumofLondonandmanyotherinterestingplaces.→①learnabout…了解…8.Everytimeyoupassalevel,youwillseeamapoftheworld.→passalevel過一關(guān)〈知識鏈接〉⑴Everytime＋陳述句，每當(dāng)…⑵amapoftheworld世界地圖→amapofChina9.Theplacesyouhavevisitedaremarkedinbrightpurple.你到過的地方都標(biāo)上了明亮的紫色。10.Getitnowbeforeitissoldout.→sellout售完，besoldout被售完，sellwell好賣(不用被動)〈知識鏈接〉—HaveyougotasizeM?—Sorry,theyareallsoldout.Theysellwell.11.I’veboughtmanyeducationalCD-ROMsbefore,butI’vefoundnoneofthemtobeanygood.〈知識鏈接〉findnoneofthemtobeanygood沒發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)好的12.—Howcanyourteacherreadyourhomeworkonthecomputer?—Icansendhime-mailsorprintitout.→readyourhomework批閱作業(yè)，sendsbe-mails給某人發(fā)電子郵件(p46)〈知識鏈接〉onthecomputer在電腦上，onthescreen，onTV，ontheInternet(在因特網(wǎng)上)13.—Doyouhaveanewprinter,too?—Yes,anditprintsveryquickly.→該句的print不用被動。14.Mynewcomputerismuchfasterthantheoldone.Icantypeveryeasily,andthekeyboardisverycomfortable.15.We’vegotmanykindsofpersonalcomputers.ThisgreenoneiscalledKiwi,anditisdesignedespeciallyforstudents.→personalcomputer個(gè)人電腦，簡寫作PC。(p48)〈知識鏈接〉⑴Kiwi①(informal)＝apersonfromNewZealand新西蘭人②幾維鳥，新西蘭鳥，喙長、翼短、無尾、不能飛③kiwifruit獼猴桃；奇異果⑵bedesignedespeciallyforstudents特別為學(xué)生而設(shè)計(jì)16.—Isitusedwidely?—Ofcourse,verywidelyinBeijing.→bewidelyused被廣泛使用〈知識鏈接〉Englishiswidelyusedasthesecondlanguageinmanycountries.(bewidelyas…被廣泛用作)17.Whenatotaloftenquestionsareansweredincorrectly,theprincesswillbecomebald.(p51)〈知識鏈接〉⑴totaln.總數(shù)，總和e.g.①Yougot47pointsonthewrittenexamand18ontheoral,makingatotalof65.你筆試得了47分，口試得了18分，總分65分。②Outofatotalof15games,theyonlywon2.在總共15場比賽中，他們只勝了2場。⑵becomebald禿頂→become＋形容詞18.Thequestionsgetmoredifficultasyougotohigherlevels.當(dāng)你到更高的級別，問題就更難了?！粗R鏈接〉as連詞，當(dāng)…時(shí)，隨著…。e.g.Theairwillgetfresherasyoureachthetopofthemountain.19.Shewillhelpyouwhennecessary.必要時(shí)她會幫助你?！鷌fnecessary如果有必要(p52)20.Manytopicsarecoveredinthecourse,includingtravelandhotels,foodanddrink,andshoppingandmoney.這一課程涉及許多主題，包括旅游、飯店、購物和錢幣。(p53)〈知識鏈接〉⑴cover＝include包括；涉及⑵including介詞，包括…在內(nèi)，e.g.①Histalkcovered/includedthehistorybetweenthetwoWorldWars.②Thepackageincludes/coversabookandtwoCD-ROMs.③Thereweretenstudentsleftintheclassroom,includingTom.21.CanyoushowmehowtostartthisonlinetourofAustralia,please?你能告訴我如何開啟這個(gè)澳大利亞的在線之旅嗎？→howtostart…是“疑問詞＋動詞不定式”。22.Doyoumindtellingmehowtousethisfunction?你介不介意告訴如何使用這個(gè)功能？〈知識鏈接〉mind介意，表示請求允許或客氣地請人做事。注意以下兩種表達(dá)的不同：⑴Do/Wouldyoumindmy/medoingsth?或Do/WouldyoumindifIdosth?你介意我做某事嗎？表示請求對方的允許，答語為Ofcoursenot.Certainlynot.或You’dbetternot.Betternot.⑵Do/Wouldyouminddoingsth?你介意做某事嗎？表示客氣地請人做事。①Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?＝DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?我開窗戶好嗎？②Wouldyoumindexplainingthatagain,please?請你再解釋一遍行嗎？請做題—Wouldyoumind?I’mfeelingtootired.—Ofcoursenot.Letmedoit.A.todriveB.mydriveC.drivingD.mydriving23.Justdouble-clickonthe“Pencil”icon.…Aworksheethasjustappearedonthescreen.〈知識鏈接〉⑴appear是不及物動詞，不能用于被動語態(tài)。appear出現(xiàn)→disappear消失⑵sheetn.①床單e.g.changethesheet換床單②一張(通常指標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尺寸的紙)e.g.500sheets24.Inwhichcountriesisthegamesold?這個(gè)游戲在哪些國家銷售？(p55)〈知識鏈接〉Inwhichcountries不能去掉介詞in，e.g.Whichcitydidyougotolastsummer?25.Thegoalofthegameistotravelaroundtheworldtolearnthehistoryofeachplaceandusethisknowledgetoopenthetreasurebox.→當(dāng)主語是goal等時(shí)，用動詞不定式betodo作表語。三.【語法詳解】被動語態(tài)㈠英語中的語態(tài)－主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)⒈英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。如：①Theybuiltanewbridgeovertheriver.(主動)→Anewbridgewasbuiltovertheriverbythem.(被動)②ManypeoplespeakEnglish.(主動)→Englishisspokenbymanypeople.(被動)⒉漢語中常用“被”、“給”、“由”、“受”等詞用來表示被動，而英語用“助動詞be＋及物動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成”，即“be＋p.p.”，其中助動詞be有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。㈡被動語態(tài)的基本用法⒈當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，謂語的形式是主動語態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的承受者時(shí)，謂語要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由助動詞be＋過去分詞構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過動詞be表現(xiàn)出來。⒉什么時(shí)候使用被動語態(tài)⑴不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。①Somewindowswerebrokenlastnight.②Thisbookwaspublished(出版)in2005.注意：第②句＝Teout是不及物動詞短語，不能用于被動語態(tài)。⑵只強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。①EducationalCD-ROMsaresoldinmanycountries.②RicewasfirstgrowninChina.③Englishislearnedallovertheworld.注意：不及物動詞或不及物動詞短語無被動語態(tài)，如：appear,happen,takeplace等。㈢被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)⒈動作的承受者＋be＋過去分詞＋其他＋by＋動作的執(zhí)行者。簡寫為“承受者＋be＋過去分詞＋其他＋by＋動作的執(zhí)行者”。⒉主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的步驟：確定主動語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)，它決定著被動語態(tài)中的助動詞be?！页鲋鲃诱Z態(tài)的主、謂、賓。→按照上述句式改寫：承受者+be+過去分詞+其他＋by＋執(zhí)行者⒊常用的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are＋p.p.含情態(tài)動詞can/may/must/…be＋p.p.一般過去時(shí)was/were＋p.p.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasbeen+p.p.一般將來時(shí)will/shallbe＋p.p.am/is/aregoingtobe＋p.p.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/arebeing+p.p.⒋主動改為被動語態(tài)的例子：主動語態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)為主、謂、賓。⑴Hisbrotherwashesdisheseveryday.→Dishesarewashedeverydaybyhisbrother.主(執(zhí)行者)謂賓(承受者)其他⑵Peterwillcleantheroomtomorrow.→TheroomwillbecleanedtomorrowbyPeter.⑶Hemustlookafterthelittleboy.→Thelittleboymustbelookedafterbyhim.⑷Thestudentsarewatchingacharityshow.→Acharityshowisbeingwatchedbythestudents.㈣特殊情況的被動語態(tài)簡單句五種基本形式中的其中兩種變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí)十分重要：⒈主謂＋雙賓：這類短語含有介詞to或for。如：give,send,show,buy,make…⑴givesbsth＝givesthtosb，buysbsth＝buysthforsb主動語態(tài)：Amygavemesomenicestickers.＝Amygavesomenicestickerstome.被動語態(tài)：IwasgivensomenicestickersbyAmy.或SomenicestickersweregiventomebyAmy.⑵主動：Afairygavetheprincessamagicwand.＝AfairygaveamagicwandtoPrincessLaura.被動：Theprincesswasgivenamagicwandbyafairy.或Amagicwandwasgiventotheprincess.總結(jié)含有雙賓語的動詞短語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的規(guī)則：可以把任何一個(gè)賓語作為被動語態(tài)的主語；如果把直接賓語(即物體)作為主語，動詞和直接賓語之間要添加相應(yīng)的介詞to或for。主動語態(tài)中無論使用givesbsth還是givesthtosb，一律按照上述句子改寫，即：givesbsth或givesthtosb→sbbegivensth或sthbegiventosb，這類含有介詞to或for的短語見下表主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)sendsbsth或sendsthtosbsbbesentsth或sthbesenttosbshowsbsth或showsthtosbsbbeshownsth或sthbeshowntosbbuysbsth或buysthforsbsbbeboughtsth或sthbeboughtforsbmakesbsth或makesthforsbsbbemadesth或sthbemadeforsb⒉主謂賓＋省略to的不定式(即賓補(bǔ))：使役動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí)，原來省略的to一定要加上。常見短語⑴makesbdosth→sbbemadetodosth(主動語態(tài)不含to，被動語態(tài)必須帶to。下同)⑵hearsbdosth→sbbeheardtodosth⑶seesbdosth→sbbeseentodosth⑷havesbdosth→sbbehadtodosth注意特殊例子：letsbdosth→sbbeletdosth(主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)都不含to。)e.g.Hemadetheworkerswork12hoursaday.→Theworkersweremadetowork12hoursaday.㈤主動形式表示被動意義：有些不及物動詞(其主語大都指物)的主動語態(tài)可以表示被動意義。⒈某些連系動詞。這些動詞有feel,taste,smell,sound,prove等。①Thecoffeesmellsdelicious.②Thestoryprovedquitefalse.⒉某些可與well,easily,quickly等副詞連用的不及物動詞。①Thiskindofbikessellswell.②Thiskindofricecooksmorequicklythanthatkind.⒊某些可用于“主＋謂＋主補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不及物動詞。e.g.Thebagbrokeopen.⒋動名詞在beworthdoing句型中的主動形式表示被動含義。①HisnovelsaresowellworthreadingthatIwantone.②Thesestampsareworthcollecting.⒌動名詞在need,want,require等動詞后，主動形式表示被動含義。needdoing＝needtobedone①Theproblemrequiresdealingwithimmediately.②Herbikeneededrepairing.⒍動詞不定式的主動形式在too…to…句型中表示被動含義。Theboxistooheavytocarry.⒎有些形容詞后的動詞不定式有被動含義。這些形容詞有easy,difficult,heavy,nice,good,pleasant,important,useful,dangerous等。①Badhabitsareeasytocontract.②Englishisdifficulttolearn.五、例題解析1、誤：ThisisabookwaswrittenbyLuXun.正：ThisisabookwrittenbyLuXun.解析：此處的written只是作為一個(gè)形容詞來用，整個(gè)‘a(chǎn)bookwrittenbyLuXun’意為‘一本魯迅寫的書’。注意區(qū)別：ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuXun.2、誤：Iwillfindoutifhecomestomorrow.正：Iwillfindoutifhewillcometomorrow.解析：此處的if意為‘是否’，引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)賓語從句，由于有tomorrow所以用將來時(shí)。而只有當(dāng)if當(dāng)解釋為‘如果’時(shí)，它才引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，要體現(xiàn)主將從現(xiàn)的特點(diǎn)。六、鞏固練習(xí)（一）用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Iwas__________(luck)enoughtomeethim.2.Hismotherisold.Her__________(know)ofcomputerispoor.3.alotof__________(travel)fromabroadcometoHainanIslandeveryyear.4.Thenameofthestoryis__________(fun).5.Thisbookisquitegoodbecauseitis__________(educate)forus.（二）用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Onhiswayhomehefoundabag__________(lie)ontheground.2.Thepictures__________(print)bymysisterjustnow.3.They__________(clean)thewindowseveryweek.4.Americanfilms__________(show)onTVatweekend5.WouldyoupleasehelpmewithmyEnglishafterthehomework__________(do).6.Whenwewereplayingfootballontheplayground,itstarted__________(rain).7.Couldyouteachmehow__________(use)thecomputer?8.They_________(tell)herthenewsassoonasshe__________(come)back.9.Sorry,thebookyouwant__________(sell)out.Wouldyoulikeanotherone?10.Thiskindofplantcan__________(use)for__________(make)medcine.（三）單項(xiàng)選擇()1.I’vecometoschoolbybus______.Ihavegrownup.A.byourselvesB.onmyownC.myownD.formyself()2.Thingshavechangedalot______years.A.atB.overC.forD.since()3.theoldmanlives______,soheoftenfeels______.A.lonely,aloneB.alone,happyC.alone,aloneD.byhimself,lonely()4.Howlonghaveyou______fromtheUSA?A.comebackB.retrunedC.gotbackD.beenback()5.WhenIsawhimsuddenly,he______hisgackage.A.waspackingB.ispackingC.haspackedD.packed()6.Alargenumberofchickens______becauseofthebirdflu(禽流感)A.killB.killedC.waskilledD.werekilled()7.Aman______TongJimwantstoseeyou.A.calledB.callsC.nameD.iscalled()8.______ofushasbeentoHainanIsland.A.NooneB.BothC.NoneofD.All()9.Thenewdress______heranother100yuan.A.costsB.costC.iscostD.wascost.()10.Heisoftenseen______basketballontheplayground.A.playB.playsC.playingD.toplay（四）句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.ThiscomputergamewasdesingedbyMrWhite.(改為主動語態(tài))____________________________________________________2.Peoplethereplantedmanytreeslastyear.(改為被動語態(tài))____________________________________________________3.Theclassroomisalwayskeptclean.(改為一般疑問句)_________theclassroomalways________clean?4.Thecomputerisusedforsendingandreceivinginformation.(對劃線部分提問)________________thecomputer________________?5.It’sbetterforyoutogotobedearly.(改為同義句)________________gotobedearly.（五）句子改錯(cuò)1.CanyoufindMrJohnson’saddressforme?2.Ithinkthecuphasthreelegsisverystrange.3.Theletterswerewrotebymybrother.4.Myhaircutshortyesterday.5.Idon’tknowwhenhereachedinLondon.6.Theshoesinyoursizeissoldout.7.HeismadereadEnglisheverymorning.byhisparents.8.Wordprocessingskillsteachinourcomputerlessons.（六）句子翻譯1、這些書被他保存得很好。2、人們可以在那兒欣賞美麗的風(fēng)景。3、你介意我開窗嗎4、你不要一邊看電視一邊做作業(yè)5、屋里太暗了，因?yàn)闊暨€沒有開Unit4一.【精選詞匯】㈠重點(diǎn)短語1.holdamicrophone拿著麥克風(fēng)→比較：Thehostcameonstagewithamicrophoneinhishand.2.Congratulations!祝賀你！congratulations在向別人表示祝賀、祝福時(shí)常用復(fù)數(shù)。(p60)3.bechosentobe/asthehostofacharityshow→bechosentobe/as…被選作…〈知識鏈接〉bechosentodosth被選做某事，e.g.Hepburnwaschosentoplaytheleadrole.4.fund-raisingactivitiesforcharities為慈善機(jī)構(gòu)籌款的活動，advertiseontheInternet在網(wǎng)上做廣告→advertiseonTV/inthenewspaper/inthemagazine在電視上/報(bào)紙上/雜志上做廣告，organizeacharityshow組織慈善演出，sellbookstoraisemoney賣書來籌款(p61)5.giveoutleaflets發(fā)傳單→give…out分發(fā)，動詞＋副詞結(jié)構(gòu)，giveit/themout。6.returntoschool重返學(xué)?！鷕eturn⑴回到returnto＋地點(diǎn)⑵returnsthtosb把某物歸還某人〈知識鏈接〉⑴returnto…＝gobackto…回到…⑵returnsthtosb＝givesthbacktosb歸還…①HongKongreturnedtoChinain1997.②Irememberedreturningthebooktothelibrary.7.helpprotectriversandlakesinChina幫助保護(hù)中國的河流和湖泊→help(to)dosth幫助做…8.hostacharityshow主持慈善演出，startworkingontheshow開始著手演出工作(p62)9.havealotofsupportfromlocalbusinesses得到當(dāng)?shù)仄髽I(yè)的許多支持〈知識鏈接〉havesupportfromsb＝havesb’ssupport得到某人的支持，e.g.havemyparents’support.businessn.⑴企業(yè)；商行⑵事情①M(fèi)indyourownbusiness.＝It’snoneofyourbusiness.不關(guān)你的事。②onbusiness因公；公干HehasgonetoBeijingonbusiness.③businesshours營業(yè)時(shí)間〈用法拓展〉⑴bebusywithsth忙于某事⑵bebusy(in)doingsth忙于做某事(聯(lián)想記憶：因?yàn)槊Φ臅r(shí)候人在做事，所以bebusy之后用動詞的ing形式)⑶asbusyasabee極忙碌地10.performonthestage在舞臺上表演→performv.→performern.表演者→performancen.表演11.onthesidedoor在側(cè)門上，atbothsidesofthestage在舞臺的兩側(cè)，inthemiddleofthestage在舞臺的中間，inthefourcornersoftheschoolhall在學(xué)校禮堂的四個(gè)角落里(p67)12.designtheposter設(shè)計(jì)海報(bào)，setupthestage搭建舞臺，askfriendsandfamiliestocome(p70)13.makeasentence造句→makeasentencewith…用…造句，keepsilent保持沉默，fromnowon從今以后(用于將來時(shí))，sincethen自那時(shí)起(用于完成時(shí))，dayandnight日日夜夜，firstofall首先；最重要的是，caremoreabout…多關(guān)注…→caremoreaboutthepeopleinneed，careonlyabout…只關(guān)心…，careabout…在乎…,關(guān)心…(p72)14.make/doaspeech演講→freedomofspeech言論的自由(p73)㈡詞匯解析1.中國的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)：ProjectHope希望工程，SpringBudProject春蕾計(jì)劃，ProjectGreenHope綠色希望工程，SaveChina’sTigers拯救中國虎2.TVcameras攝像機(jī)，TVstation電視臺→ChineseCentralTelevisionStation＝CCTV3.rise⑴vi.上升，(太陽、月亮)升起→反義詞set，e.g.①Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.太陽東升西落。②Thecurtainrose.⑵(水)漲高e.g.Theriverroseaftertherain.⑶(物價(jià))上漲e.g.Priceshaverisensurprisingly.物價(jià)上漲得很驚人?！从梅ㄍ卣埂耽舝ise→rose→risenvi.上升；升起⑵raise→raised→raisedvt.舉起；升起，籌集二.【重點(diǎn)句型】1.Onlyifyousleeplessduringtheday.只要你白天少睡一些覺(p60)〈知識鏈接〉onlyif…只要…就…；只有…才…2.Therearemanywaystoraisemoneyforcharity.為慈善籌款有許多方式。3.Alotofworkneededtobefinished,soIdon’thavemuchfreetime.(p62)〈知識鏈接〉主語是事物時(shí)，needtobedone＝needdoing主動形式表示被動。Yourclothesaresodirty.Theyneedwashing./Theyneedtobewashed.(SeeUnit3語法詳解)4.Itwasmyjobtointroduceeachstar.我的工作是介紹每一個(gè)明星?！粗R鏈接〉當(dāng)主語是job,duty,goal,purpose,aim,dream,wish等時(shí)，動詞be之后用動詞不定式作表語。e.g.①Herdutyistocleanthestreet.②Hisdreamistobeanexplorer.5.Icouldn’tsleepatallthatnightbecauseIwassoexcited.‘Willitbeasuccess?’Ikeptaskingmyself.〈知識鏈接〉⑴not…atall根本不…；一點(diǎn)也不…⑵keptdoingsth反復(fù)做某事⑶beasuccess成功＝besuccessful，beabig/greatsuccess非常成功6.Notimetobenervousanymore.Thisisit!沒有時(shí)間再緊張了。就這樣吧！〈知識鏈接〉(Therebe)notimetodosth.沒有時(shí)間做某事。e.g.There’snotimetohavebreakfast.7.Thefansofthepopstarsweremakingalotofnoise,soIhadtospeakloudly.〈知識鏈接〉⑴makealotofnoise大聲吵鬧→makeanoise吵鬧；發(fā)出響聲⑵speakloudly大聲說話→readaloud朗讀(動詞＋副詞結(jié)構(gòu))，readit/themaloud8.Everythingseemedtohappensofast,andnowitisallover.〈知識鏈接〉seemadj.好像；似乎⑴seem(tobe)＋形容詞＝look＋形容詞seem(tobe)happy⑵Sbseems/seemedtodosth.＝Itseems/seemedthatsbdosth好像/似乎某人做某事，Everythingseemedtohappensofast.＝Itseemedthateverythinghappenedsofast.⑶Itseemstomethatsbdosth.9.AlotofmoneyhasbeendonatedtoProjectGreenHope.→have/hasbeen＋過去分詞〈知識鏈接〉donatesthtosb向…捐贈某物→sthbedonatedtosb某物被捐贈給…e.g.PeoplehavedonatedtensofmillionsofyuantoProjectHopesinceitwasfoundedin1989.10.IhopemoreeventslikethiswillbeorganizedtoraisemoneyforcharityandIthinkmorepeopleshouldbeinvitedtotakepartinthem.→moreeventslikethis更多像這樣的活動〈知識鏈接〉⑴invitesbto..→sbbeinvitedto…應(yīng)邀到某地，invitesbtodosth→sbbeinvitedtodosth應(yīng)邀做某事，e.g.LastnighttheywereinvitedtoAmy’sbirthdayparty.⑵takepartin＝j(luò)oinin參加→attend出席，e.g.Manyimportantpersonsattendedtheconference.11.Iwasgladtoreceiveyoure-mail.Itwasgreatfuntobeahost,wasn’tit?(p69)12.Somechildreninpoorareasdonothavemoneytogotoschool,soProjectHopepayfortheireducation.〈知識鏈接〉payforsth付…的款，paysomemoneyforsth買某物付…錢13.Ourclassheldameetingtotalkaboutholdingacharityshow.→hold/haveameeting開會〈知識鏈接〉talkaboutsb/sth討論、談?wù)撃橙嘶蚰呈?，talkaboutdoingsth討論、談?wù)撟瞿呈?4.Wehavearrangedworkamongthestudents.我們已在同學(xué)中分配了工作。(p71)〈知識鏈接〉⑴arrangevt.安排；籌備→rearrangevt.重新安排；重新排列，arrange→arrangement，rearrange→rearrangement。e.g.Theyarrangedafarewellpartyfortheexchangestudents.⑵among在…中(兩者以上)→between在…中(兩者)e.g.①Thereisawoodenhouseamongthetrees.②Englishiswidelyusedforbusinessbetweencountries.15.Ihopethatourshowwillbeheldattheschoolhall.Ihopealotofpopstarscanbeinvitedtotheshow.〈知識鏈接〉⑴hope＋that引導(dǎo)的一般將來時(shí)或含有情態(tài)動詞can的從句。⑵hopetodosth希望做某事。英語里沒有hopesbtodosth，必須改為hope＋that從句?！从梅ㄍ卣埂耽舧ant/wishtodosth想做某事，want/wishsbtodosth想讓某人做某事。⑵wish＋that從句①表示祝福、祝愿②表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)或很難實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望e.g.①Iwishyouwillhavesuccessatschool.②Iwishyouahappynewyear.③IwishIwereabirdandcouldflyintheskyfreely.16.ProjectHopeisanorganizationthatraisesmoneytobuildschoolsandbuybooksforpoorstudents.(p72)〈知識鏈接〉畫線部分是關(guān)系代詞that/which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，該句不能省略關(guān)系代詞。17.Wewouldliketothankthefollowingfortheirhelpandsupport.感謝以下(單位或個(gè)人)的幫助或支持。18.Wethinkit’simportantthatallchildrenlearntoreadandwrite.該句中的it＝that從句。(p74)19.Theirparentshavenomoney,sothechildrenhavetogotoworkinstead.這些孩子的父母沒錢，所以他們得去干活?！粗R鏈接〉⑴instead是副詞，意思是“代替，反而，卻”，表示“本應(yīng)做的事沒有做，反而…”。e.g.Lethimgoinstead.⑵insteadof＋名詞/人稱代詞賓格/動名詞/介詞短語，代替…,而不是…。①Hewasill.Ididtheworkinsteadofhim.②HespenthisfreetimechattingonlineinsteadofwatchingTV.③Thechildrenshouldgotoschoolinsteadofworkingtosupporttheirfamilies.孩子們應(yīng)該上學(xué)，而不是干活養(yǎng)家。④ShewillgotoDalianbyshipinsteadofbyplane.20.Afterafewsongs,therewasabreak.(p75)〈知識鏈接〉breakn.暫停，休息(工作時(shí)的間歇)常用于：haveabreak休息一下?！从梅ㄍ卣埂耽舃reakdown出故障⑵breakinto…強(qiáng)行闖入⑶breakout(戰(zhàn)爭、地震、火災(zāi)等)發(fā)生→Afirebrokeoutlastnight.⑷breakvi.破曉，e.g.Daybroke.天亮了?！鶱ightfell.天黑了.四語法A.Because：是連詞，連接兩個(gè)句子,解釋原因B.becauseof：是介詞詞組，用來解釋原因，后加名詞、名詞短語或代詞C.so是連詞，連接兩個(gè)句子，用來表示結(jié)果。D.hope:用于表達(dá)期望的事情將來會發(fā)生而且非?？赡馨l(fā)生。后面可加動詞不定式todo,也可加句子，該句子用will/can+動原。e.g.Ihopetoseethecharityshow.Ihope(that)youwill/cancometomybirthdayparty.E.wish:用于表達(dá)期望時(shí)，期望的事情似乎不可能發(fā)生，則后面句子用過去時(shí)態(tài)，I后面的be動詞一定要用were；如果期望的事情是不可實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情或不真實(shí)的事情，后面句子用would+動原；wish還可用于表達(dá)祝愿,用詞組‘Iwishyou+名詞或名詞短語’。e.g.IwishIcouldflylikeabird.IwishIwereBillGates.Iwishyouahappyholiday.五典型題解析1、誤：Lotsofpeoplewouldwatchtheshowbecauseofthereweremanyfamouspopstars.正：Lotsofpeoplewouldwatchtheshowbecausethereweremanyfamouspopstars.解析：becauseof后跟的是一名詞或名詞短語，而這兒是一個(gè)句子，連接兩個(gè)句子并表示原因時(shí)應(yīng)該用because2、誤：IwishIcanplaybasketballlikeYaoMing.正：IwishIcouldplaybasketballlikeYaoMing.解析：wish后面從句若表示將來不可能發(fā)生的事情，要用一般過去時(shí)。3、誤：HehopesmetohelphimwithhisEnglish.正：HehopesthatIcanhelphimwithhisEnglish.HewishesmetohelphimwithhisEnglish.解析：hope后面不可以跟人再跟動作，他只能跟動詞不定式todo;若一定要加跟人，那可以將這個(gè)人變成一主語，即在hope后面跟一個(gè)句子；另外一種辦法是把hope改成wish，因?yàn)閣ish后面既可跟人也可跟動作。六鞏固練習(xí)（一）用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Theyarethe___________(organize)oftonight’scharityactivities.2.Thehostofthepartyhadtospeak___________(loud)becauseofthenoisypeople.3.Thefootball____________(break)becauseoftheincident(事故).4.Wearethefaithful(忠實(shí)的)_____________(fan)forYaoMing.5.Itisabit___________(warm)thanyesterday.6.Wecan’tmakea____________(decide)becauseofthebadweather.7.Letustrytoraisemoremoneyby___________(organize)acharityshow.（二）單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Heseems________todayforhehaspassedtheexam.A.tohappyB.beunhappyC.happyD.happily()2.Thepresidentofthemeeting_______documentstoeachmember.A.givesupB.givesinC.givesoutD.givesoff()3.MrLiwasill,soMrZhangtookhislesson_______him.A.ofB.toC.insteadD.insteadof()4.Th