初中完形填空解題技巧(公開課)教學(xué)教材

完形填空解題技巧第一頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。一、中考(zhōnɡkǎo)英語(yǔ)完形填空的命題特點(diǎn)中考英語(yǔ)完形填空旨在全面考查考生英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力，其中包括詞匯辨析能力、閱讀理解能力、邏輯推理和判斷能力等。它不僅要求考生具有扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，而且還要求考生具有獨(dú)立分析、對(duì)比取舍及靈活處理問題的能力。完形填空的命題原則是“以實(shí)詞為主，虛詞為輔，突出詞匯語(yǔ)境化”。實(shí)詞中偏重于對(duì)動(dòng)詞和名詞的考查，同時(shí)也兼顧對(duì)形容詞、副詞以及(yǐjí)其它詞類的考查。試題以情境意義選擇為主，純語(yǔ)法性選擇近年已趨近于零。第二頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。廣東高考完形填空題究竟考什么？怎么考？請(qǐng)看以下研究(yánjiū)結(jié)果。命題(mìngtí)揭密完型填空的特點(diǎn)：(1)首句不設(shè)空：因?yàn)?yīnwèi)首句是文章的窗口，不設(shè)空有助于考生了解或推測(cè)全文的大意，(2)選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)：同一小題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)必須是同一詞類，且為同一語(yǔ)法形式。(3)設(shè)空方式：命題者主要從以下三種層面上設(shè)題。①句子層面：在理解本句的基礎(chǔ)上重要信息點(diǎn)可能在空格前，也可能在空格后。②句組層面：考生需在理解空格所在句及其前一句或后一句之后才可選出正確答案。③語(yǔ)篇層面：必須理解前后幾句或上下段落，甚至整個(gè)篇章，才可選出正確答案。輕語(yǔ)法，重邏輯第三頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。Howtogethighscores？1.正確的答題步驟

2.必要(bìyào)的答題技巧

3.適量的實(shí)踐訓(xùn)練第四頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。1.注重首句，瀏覽全文,掌握大意。a.應(yīng)用閱讀技能,進(jìn)行缺詞閱讀.b.注意首段和末端以及每個(gè)段落的首句.2.注重語(yǔ)境，瞻前顧后,試填答案。a.先填上固定搭配與習(xí)慣(xíguàn)表達(dá),基本句型等較容易的空格.b.對(duì)語(yǔ)境和語(yǔ)義還不太明朗的空格要反復(fù)推敲,力爭(zhēng)突破難點(diǎn).3.通讀全文,檢查核對(duì).確保最佳。解題步驟(bùzhòu)與策略第五頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。hospital

nightno/littleWarming-up:請(qǐng)根據(jù)前后文填詞(tiáncí)，使句子邏輯一致1.MrBlackisadoctor,heworksinthe_______.2.Anursenotonlyworksintheday,butalsoworksduringthe_______.3.Heisratherbusy,sohehas_______timetohavelunchathome.第六頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。4.WehaveanEnglishtestthisterm,it'sveryeasy,moststudentscan_______thistest.5.Thewholeclasswenttothezooyesterday,theywereverytired________happy.pass

butWarming-up:請(qǐng)根據(jù)前后文填詞，使句子邏輯(luójí)一致第七頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。有沒有什么(shénme)技巧呢?第八頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。Skill1：context（上下文、語(yǔ)境(yǔjìnɡ)）InNewYork,onaFridaynight,ayoungartiststoodatthegateofatrainstation.Hewasplayinghis_1_.Hismusicwassogreatthatmanypeopleputmoneyintohishat.Thenextday,theyoungartistcametothesameplace,andplayedtheviolinasusual.1.A.pianoB.guitarC.violinD.sax√violinviolin第九頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。Skill1：context（上下文、語(yǔ)境(yǔjìnɡ)）Onceakingwaswalkingaroundapoolwithhisministers（大臣(dàchén)）.Suddenly,hecameupwithanidea.Heasked,“Howmanybasketsof2arethereinthepool?”….asbigasthepool,thereisonebasketofwater…2.A.fishB.flowersC.waterD.applesbasketofwaterwater√basketsof第十頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。Whenwetalked,Idiscovered（發(fā)現(xiàn)(fāxiàn)）somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle__3__thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.3.A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.later√fiftySkill2：logic（邏輯推理）forty-five第十一頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。Skill2：logic（邏輯推理）Mymotheroftenaskedme，“Whatisthemostimportantpartofthebody?”

Ithoughtsoundwasveryimportanttousashumans，soIsaid．“My

4

，Mommy．”

Shesaid，“No．Manypeoplearedeaf（聾的）…4.A.earsB.eyesC.bodyD.head√sounddeaf第十二頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。Whentwopeopleareinaconversation,thespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime,inordertomakesurethatthelistenerpaysattention

5

whatheorsheisspeaking…5.A.forB.ofC.withD.to√paysattentiontoSkill3：regularcollocation（固定(gùdìng)搭配）payattentionto…注意(zhùyì)…第十三頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。Skill3：regularcollocation（固定(gùdìng)搭配）NobelarrangedinhiswilltogivethelargestpartofhismoneytoestablishtheNobelprizes,whichwouldbeawardedtopeoplewhomadegreat

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tothecausesofpeace,literature,andthesciences.6.A.additionsB.sacrificesC.changesD.contributions√madegreattomakecontributionsto對(duì)…做出貢獻(xiàn)(gòngxiàn)第十四頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。Skill4：wordsanalysis（詞義(cíyì)辨析）7.Butbyusingliterarytexts(文學(xué)(wénxué)文本)alongsideothertexts,teacherscan7studentsimprovetheirreadingskills.√7.A.wantB.helpC.getD.ask第十五頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。Skill5：backgroundknowledge

（背景(bèijǐng)知識(shí):包括生活及文化方面的）

Butwerunsofastthat,afterwards,wehadtrouble

8

.

8.A.speakingB.movingC.sleepingD.breathing√runsofast第十六頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。Liumeiisamongthe__9__ones.TheChineseUniversityofHongKonggranted(答應(yīng)(dāyìng)給）Liuafullscholarship---HK$500,000.Notallstudentsaresofortunate.9.A.poorB.smartC.luckyD.silent同義(tónɡyì)重現(xiàn)第十七頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。Friendshipisoneofthepermanentthemesintheliteratureofalllanguage.…Someofuslike__10__friendswhileotherslikedifferentfriends.PersonallyIpreferboth.Havingsimilarfriendshasmanyadvantages.…10.A.trueB.rightC.sameD.similar原詞(yuáncí)重現(xiàn)反義同現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系：轉(zhuǎn)折(zhuǎnzhé)第十八頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。1、context（上下文、語(yǔ)境(yǔjìnɡ)）3、regularcollocation（固定(gùdìng)搭配）2、logic（邏輯(luójí)）SkillsofClozeTests

(完形填空的解題技巧)4、wordsanalysis（詞義辨析）5、backgroundknowledge（背景知識(shí)）第十九頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。1.MartinLutherKingwasanimportant1ofblackpeopleinAmerican.Hebelievedthatblackpeopleandwhitepeopleshouldhaveequalrights.In1963,DrKingledamarchinWashingtonD.C.AlotofAmericanswenttheretotakepartinthe2.Theywantedthegovernmentto3thelawsthatwereunfairtoblackpeople.DrKingbelievedingainingequalrightsforallpeoplethroughpeaceandnotforce.Whenhewaskilledin1968,theUnitedStates4agreatleader.

1)A.runnerB.singerC.leaderD.teacher2)A.crowdB.warC.groupD.march3)A.signBsellC.passD.change4)A.lostB.foundC.boughtD.died

leadermarchthatwereunfairtowaskilled第二十頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。2.EveryAmericanknowstheMayflower.TheMayflowerwasthenameofthefamous_1__that__2__fromEnglandtothenewworldin1620.Therewere102pilgrims（十六世紀(jì)英國(guó)(yīnɡɡuó)移民）onboard.Itwasadangeroustripforonesmallshiptomake,andit__3__morethan66days.Thepilgrimswerevery_4__whentheyfinallysawland.InthisNewWorld,therewerenohomesortowns.Theyhadtobuildtheirown__5___.ThisbecameKnownasPlymouth,Massachusetts.1)A.flowerB.shipC.filmD.place2)A.flewB.sailedC.plantedD.grew3)A.madeB.tookC.spentD.cost4)A.painfulB.fearfulC.powerfulD.thankful5)A.shipB.houseC.fieldsD.cityPlymouth,Massachusettsshipwhentheyfinallysawland第二十一頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。Haveatry!第二十二頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。Tesswaseightyearsoldwhenherparentstalkingaboutherlittlebrother,Andrew.Allsheknewwasthathewasverysickandtheyhadnomoney.Onlyaverycostly1couldsavehimnowandnoonewantedto2themthemoney.SheheardDaddysaytoherMother3,“Onlyamiracle(奇跡(qíjì))cansavehimnow.”Tessgotallthechangeshehadand4herwaytothedrugstore.A.surgeonB.companionC.protectionD.operation2.A.borrowB.lend C.make D.leave3.A.happilyB.proudlyC.angrily D.sadly4.A.madeB.tookC.sailed D.passed√√√√makeone’swayto…朝…走去

第二十三頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。5.A.doubtfulB.badC.puzzlingD.unlucky

6.A.buy B.purchase C.sell D.share

7.A.lookedB.ran C.cameD.rolled“Whatdoyouwant?”theclerkasked.“Amiracle.”Tessanswered.“Mylittlebrotherhassomething5growinginsidehisheadandmydadsaysonlyamiraclecansavehimnow.”“Wedon’t6miracleshere,littlegirl.”Theclerksaid.Theclerk’sbrotherwasawell-dressedman.He7overandaskedthelittlegirl,“Whatkindofmiracledoesyourbrotherneed?”

√√√comeover走近，走過來(lái)(guò〃lái)lookover仔細(xì)檢查runover撞倒，跑過去rollover翻滾；翻身第二十四頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。8.A.repliedB.allowedC.acceptedD.expected

9.A.tiredB.deafC.nervousD.sick

10.A.waitB.begC.payD.apply

11.A.highB.lowC.loudD.excited“Idon’tknow,”Tess8withtearsinhereyes.“Ijustknowhe’sreally9,butmydadcan’t10foramiracle,soIwanttousemyonedollarandelevencents”.Tessansweredina11voice.√√√√第二十五頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。12.A.exactB.sameC.properD.reasonable

13.A.spendingB.wasteC.chargeD.tip

14.A.achievementB.success

C.medicine D.miracle

15.A.devotion B.faithC.trustD.patience

“Adollarandelevencents–-the12priceof