高考動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)

EnglishBasicTenses(時態(tài))謂語動詞的時態(tài)現(xiàn)在時態(tài)過去時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在將來時一般過去時過去進行時過去完成時過去將來時一般現(xiàn)在時表示通常性、規(guī)律性、習慣性的狀態(tài)或者動作。1)經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作，常和時間狀語連用。時間狀語：always,usually，everymorning…,often,sometimes,oncetwiceaweek,rarely,seldom,never.Weusuallygotoschoolbybus.Hewakesupat7everymorning.2)表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。下列動詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來:arrive,leave,start,begin.Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.Whendoesthebusstart?Itstartsintenminutes.3)客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailivesintheeastofChina.4)表示格言或警句中。Pridegoesbeforeafall.驕者必敗。Lazinessleadstopoverty.懶惰導致貧窮。5)現(xiàn)在時刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個性。Idon'twantsomuch.AnnWangwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.6）時間、條件、方式、讓步狀語從句中代替一般將來時。Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,we’llgoonapicnic.WhenBillcomesback,askhimtowaitforme.I'llwritetoyouassoonasIarrivethere.一般現(xiàn)在時的疑問和否定形式：DotheshopsalwayscloseonSundayevenings?DoesyourfriendRoyoftenbuyCDs?Myfatherdoesn’tusuallylistentotheradioafterlunch.What

does

your

father

do?How

do

you

manage

to

keep

the

place

so

tidy?

DoyouthinkSamwillcallhisEnglishteacherassoonashe_____intown?A.arriveB.willarriveC.arearrivingD.arrives2)Sendmyregardstoyourlovelywifewhenyou____home.A.writesB.writeC.wroteD.arewriting3)Theteachertoldusthatthemoon_____aroundtheearthonceamonth.A.moveB.movedC.willmoveD.moves4)Thescientistsaidthatlight____fasterthansound.A.travelsB.travelC.aretravelingD.traveledDBDATheWhites_______(live)in87KingStreet.Inthemorning,Mr.White_______(take)themtoschoolinhiscar.Mrs.White_______(stay)athomeeveryday.She__________(do)housework.Atnoonsheoften_________(eat)lunchaloneathome.Intheafternoon,sheusually_____(visit)herfriendsand_______(drink)teawiththem.Intheevening,thechildrenoften_______(come)homefromschoolearly.Mr.Whiteoften________(come)homefromworklate.Atnight,thechildrenalways______(do)theirhomeworkand_____(go)tobedearly.Mr.Whiteusually_______(read)newspapersbutheandhiswifesometimes______(watch)TV.livetakesstaysdoeseatsvisitsdrinkscomecomesdoesgoreadswatch現(xiàn)在進行時朗讀下列句子，寫出現(xiàn)在進行時的謂語動詞形式：1.Wearewaitingforyounow.2.Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovelthesedays.3.I’mleavingforShanghainextweek.4.We’reflyingtoParistomorrow.5.Aretheyputtingupthetent?6.Whatareyoureading?7.Johnisn’tlisteningtotheteacher.

isdoing,amdoing,aredoing現(xiàn)在進行時：are/am,isdoing現(xiàn)在進行時表示動作發(fā)生的時間是“現(xiàn)在”，動作目前的狀態(tài)是“正在進行中”。所謂“正在進行中”，是指在談到這件事的時候，這個動作還在進行中。至于它是什么時候開始的，什么時候會停下來，不是我們關心的。所以“正在進行時”的事件，可能發(fā)生幾年了，也可能只有幾分鐘。現(xiàn)在仍在進行中這是“現(xiàn)在進行時”的關鍵所在。它是一件持續(xù)進行的事情?，F(xiàn)在進行時的用法：1.表示現(xiàn)在(指說話人說話時)正在發(fā)生的事情。Wearewaitingforyou.2.表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作，說話時未必正在進行。Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.SheislearningpianounderMr.Smith.Wearemakingmodelplanesthesedays.3.已經(jīng)確定或安排好的但不確定會不會發(fā)生的將來活動。I’mleavingforatrek(旅行)inNepalnextweek.We’reflyingtoParistomorrow.根據(jù)圖畫內(nèi)容，寫出一個句子123Sheisdancing.HeiswatchingTV.Theyareplayingwaterpolo.翻譯下面語段：我正坐在我的電腦前給你寫信。我的媽媽正在做我喜歡的菜：紅燒肉（roastpork）。她正在廚房里準備晚飯。我的爸爸正在看他喜歡的電視節(jié)目：探索與發(fā)現(xiàn)（ProbeandDiscovery），在這個節(jié)目里有一個男人正在訓服(tame)一頭雄性的野獅子。我的奶奶正在為我們的家的寵物狗露西(Lucy)喂食。露西正在吃它香噴噴的飯。這正是我的家庭成員正做的事情，你正在做什么？你的家庭成員又在做什么呢？DearTom，NowIamsittinginfrontofmycomputerwritingtoyou.Mymomiscookingmyfavoritedish:roastpork.Sheispreparingdinnerinthekitchen.MyfatheriswatchinghisfavoriteTVprogram:ProbeandDiscovery,inwhichamanistamingawildmalelion.Mygrand-motherisfeedingourpetdogLucy.Lucyiseatinghisdeliciousfoodnow.That’swhatmyfamilymembersaredoingnow.Whatareyoudoingnow?Whatareyourfamilymembersdoingnow?Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua現(xiàn)在完成時（Presentperfect）現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生并且已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成影響或后果，過去某一時間開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且有可能還會持續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)。時間狀語：just,recently,lately,since...,for...,sofar,uptonow,yet,never,ever,threetimes,in/overthepastfewyears,eversince,sincethenHehasalreadyobtainedascholarship.Ihaven'tseenmuchofhimrecentlylately.Havetheyfoundthemissingchildyet?Ihaveusedthispenonlythreetimes.Itisstillgood.Georgehasmetthatgentlemanonseveraloccasions.現(xiàn)在完成的用法：現(xiàn)在完成時的“完成用法”指的是動作發(fā)生在過去某一時刻并已結(jié)束，但該動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了影響，與現(xiàn)在情況具有因果關系。Hehasturnedoffthelight.他已把燈關了。(動作結(jié)束于過去，但說明的是現(xiàn)在的情況—燈現(xiàn)在不亮了。)Haveyoufoundyourpenyet？你已找到你的鋼筆了嗎？TheyhavealreadysetoutforLondon.

他們已經(jīng)動身去倫敦了。現(xiàn)在完成時的“未完成用法”指的是動作開始于過去某一時刻，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或可能還要繼續(xù)下去。Hehaslivedheresince1978.動作起始于1978年，一直住到現(xiàn)在，可能還要繼續(xù)住下去。Ihavebeeninthearmyformorethan5years.動作開始于5年前，一直延續(xù)至今，有可能還要繼續(xù)下去。I

have

been

doing

some

historical

research.

注意：現(xiàn)在完成時的未完成用法只適用于延續(xù)性動詞，不可用于終止性動詞?，F(xiàn)在完成時常結(jié)構：1.縮寫形式：Uptillnowhe'sreadmanystorybooks.至今他已讀過好多故事書。I'vebeentoNewYorkthreetimessofar.至今我已到紐約去過三次。2.否定句We

haven't

seen

each

other

for

quite

a

few

days.

咱們有日子沒見面了。Hiswifehasn’t

heard

from

him

since

he

left.

他走后音信渺茫。3.疑問句Has

he

got

a

girlfriend?

他有女朋友嗎？How

long

have

you

been

employed

at

this

job?

你受雇做這個工作有多久了？即時練：用括號中動詞的正確形式填空He_____already_______(see)thatfilmtwice.2.They____________(nothear)thegoodnews,yet,fortheyareawayonholiday.3.Uptillnow,he______(win)fivechampionships.4.Sincethen,Mr.Ford_________(fly)manypassengerstomanyunusualplaces.5.Eversincehemovedintohisnewhouse,he_____________(have)troublewithcarsandtheirowners.6.This

is

the

most

interestingthemeparkthat

I

________________(visit)in

mylife.7.It

is

the

first

time

that

I

__________(speak)

to

a

foreigner.

hasseenhaven’theardhaswonhasflownhashadhave

ever

visitedhave

spoken翻譯下面短文。Jim是我多年的朋友。他很強壯和活躍。他最喜歡的運動是籃球。他打籃球已經(jīng)有5年了。到目前為止，他和他的隊友已經(jīng)贏了10場比賽。他也很喜歡旅行。到現(xiàn)在為止，他去過很多地方,例如重慶、香港、上海等。他非常友善，我們大家都喜歡他。JimandIhavebeenfriendsforyears.Heisstrongandactive.Hisfavoritesportisplayingbasketball.Hehasplayedbasketballfor5years.Sofar,heandhisteammateshavewontenmatches.Helikestravellingverymuch.Uptonow,hehasbeentomanyplaces,suchasChongqing,HongkongandShanghai.Heisfriendlytousandwealllikehim.翻譯下列句子：1.他跟Jane結(jié)婚已經(jīng)有十年了。2.自從我們在上海會面之后我們一直是好朋友。3.直到現(xiàn)在，我都沒有收到她的來信。4.這是我見過的最有趣的電影。5.我從未參觀過如此美麗的花園。

HehasbeenmarriedtoJanefortenyears.WehavebeenfriendssincewemeteachotherinShanghai.3.Sofar,Ihaven’treceivedaletterfromher.4.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatIhaveeverseen.5.Ihaveneverseensuchabeautifulgarden.一般將來時表示將來某一時刻的動作或狀態(tài)，或?qū)砟骋欢螘r間內(nèi)經(jīng)常的動作或狀態(tài)。常常和表示將來的時間狀語連用，如：tomorrow（明天），nextweek（下周）,inafewminutes(幾分鐘后),inthefuture（將來）等。一般將來時由助動詞shall（第一人稱），will（第二、三人稱）動詞原形構成。美式英語則不管什么人稱，一律用willdo，或用主語+be+goingtodo.Don’tworryabouthim.Hewillbebackinafewminutes.Shallwesetoutat8o’clocktomorrowmorning?We'regoingtocallonourformerhead-teachernextweek.常用句型Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,wewillgooutforapicnic.I'llletyouknowassoonashearrives.Workhardandyouwillsucceed.翻譯下面語段

我們的鄰居查爾斯艾利森船長明天就要從樸次茅斯啟航了。明天一大早我們將在碼頭為他送行。他將乘坐他的“濤波賽”號小艇。“濤波賽”號是艘有名的小艇,它已經(jīng)多次橫渡大西洋。艾利森船長將于8點鐘啟航,因此我們有充裕的時間。我們將參觀他的船,然后和他告別。他要離開兩個月,我們真為他感到自豪,他將參加一次重大的橫渡大西洋的比賽。參考詞匯查爾斯艾利森船長：CaptainCharlesAlison樸次茅斯：Portsmouth

濤波賽:Topsail大西洋：theAtlanticOceanOurneighbor,CaptainCharlesAlison,willsailfromPortsmouthtomorrow.We’llmeethimattheharbourearlyinthemorning.Hewillbeinhissmallboat,Topsail.Topsailisafamouslittleboat.IthassailedacrosstheAtlanticmanytimes.CaptainAlisonwillsetoutateighto’clock,sowe’llhaveplentyoftime.We’llseehisboatandthenwe’llsaygoodbyetohim.Hewillbeawayfortwomonths.Weareveryproudofhim.HewilltakepartinanimportantraceacrosstheAtlantic.一般過去時一般過去時（simplepasttense)表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如：yesterday，lastnight，in1990，twodaysago等。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作，常和often，always等表式頻率的時間狀語連用。過去習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為；過去主語所具備的能力和性格?；窘Y(jié)構：主語+動詞過去式+其他；否定形式①was/were+not;②在行為動詞前加didn’t，同時還原行為動詞；一般疑問句：Did+主語+do+其他？1.在確定的過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。時間狀語有：yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982等。IhadawordwithJuliathismorning.Iheardsomenoiseoutsidelastnight.HetraveledtoAustraliatwoweeksago.2.表示在過去一段時間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.Mysonalwayshatedtogetupearlywhenhewasatschool.3.句型：Itistimesb.didsth.時間已遲了,早該做某事了Itistimeyouwenttobed.你早該睡覺了。wouldrathersb.didsth.表示寧愿某人做某事I'dratheryoucametomorrow.Iwish(that)+…但愿Iwish(that)Iwere/wasyounger.

我真希望能年輕一些。

1.你該去上班了。2.該父親去幼兒園接莉莉的時候了。Itistimethatyouwenttotheduty.ItistimethatFatherpickedupLilyfromthekindergarten.3.但愿他能經(jīng)常寫信。4.我希望愛滋病永不存在。Iwishthathewrotemoreregularly.IwishthatAIDSneverexisted.5.我希望你是今天來而不是明天來。6.我寧愿你留下不走。Iwouldratheryoucametomorrowthantoday.Iwouldratheryouremainedhere.一般過去時的否定和疑問形式1.Shedidn’tanswermyletter.Shedidn’tevenreadit.2.Whydidyouthrowthatstoneatme?Didyouintendtokillme?3.Didyouoftendoyourhomeworkintheeveningwhenyouwereapupil?4.---Whatdidyoudolastnight?---Iwrotealettertomybrother,Tim.“Oh

it’s

you

!

I

_________

you.”

“I’ve

had

my

hair

cut.”A.

didn’t

realize

B.

haven’t

realized

C.

didn’t

recognize

D.

don’t

recognized

2.“What’s

her

new

telephone

number?”

“Oh,

I

_________.”A.

forget

B.

forgot

C.

had

forgotten

D.

am

forgetting3.“Since

you’ve

agreed

to

go,

why

aren’t

you

gettingready?”

“But

I

__

that

you

would

have

me

start

at

once.”

A.

don’t

realize

B.

didn’t

realize

C.

hadn’t

realized

D.

haven’t

realizedCAB廣東高考真題再現(xiàn)1.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar

(break)downneararemoteandpoorvillage.（2007廣東）2.Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman

(present)thewatertotheoldman.（2010廣東）3.Peoplesteppedonyourfeetor

(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部)，hurryingaheadtogettoabargain．(2009廣東)4.ItwasraininglightlywhenI_________(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.(2015全國)brokepresentedpushedarrivedPostcardsalwaysspoilmyholidays.Lastsummer,I_____(go)toItaly.I______(visit)museumsand_____(sit)inpublicgardens.Afriendlywaiter______(teach)meafewwordsofItalian.Thenhe______(lend)meabook.I_____(read)afewlines,butI_______(notunderstand)aword.EverydayI_______(think)aboutpostcards.Myholidays_______(pass)quickly,butI______(notsend)cardstomyfriends.OnthelastdayI______(make)abigdecision.I_____(get)upearlyand_______(buy)thirty-sevencards.I_____(spend)thewholedayinmyroom,butI________(notwrite)asinglecard!wentvisitedsattaughtlentreaddidnot-thoughtpasseddidnot-madegotboughtspentdidnot-過去進行時was/were+doing過去進行時表示在過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)進行或發(fā)生的動作。常與表示過去的時間狀語連用，如：at10o’clocklastnight,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,lastSaturday等；或者與when,while,as引導的過去時間狀語連用。過去進行時was/were+doing1.ThistimeyesterdayJackwasnotwatchingTV.Hewasrepairinghisbike.昨天這個時候，杰克不是在看電視，而是在修理自行車。2.Wereyouplayingbasketballatfouryesterdayafternoon?昨天下午四點你們在打籃球嗎?3.Wewerehavingsupperwhenthephonerang.我們正在吃晚飯時電話響了。Whenwewerehavingsupper,thephonerang.正當我們在吃晚飯的時，電話響了。4.Mybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisbicycleandhurthimself.

Whilehewaswaitingforthebus,hewasreadinganewspaper.HewascleaninghiscarwhileIwascooking.即時練：用括號中動詞的正確形式填空Shirley_____________(write)abooklastmonth,butIdon’tknowwhethershehasfinishedit.2.---HasSamfinishedhishouseworkyet?---Ihavenoidea.He___________(do)itthismorning.3.IfirstmetJohnthreeyearsago.She________(work)ataprivatebank.4.ThereportsaidthattheUFO___________(travel)fromwesttoeastwhenhe_____(see)it.5.Thesun__________(set)whenmycar_______(break)downneararemoteandpoorvillage.waswritingwasdoingwasworkingwastravelingsawwassettingbroke區(qū)別：when,while,asWewerehavingsupperwhenthephonerang.Wewerehavingsupperasthephonerang.Whenwewerehavingsupper,thephonerang.Aswewerehavingsupper,thephonerang.Whilewewerehavingsupper,thephonerang.注意：1.在由while所引導的時間從句中，謂語動詞必須是能夠持續(xù)一定時間的某種動作狀態(tài)。2.當要表示兩個動作都同時正在進行中的情況，只能用while。Shewaslisteningcloselywhilehewasreading

theletter.即時練：區(qū)別：when,while,asMybrotherfell________________hewasridinghisbicycleandhurthimself.2.______________shewasreadingthenewspaper,Grannyfellasleep.3.Marywasmakingadress__________shecutherfinger.4.________twodetectiveswascarryingtheparcelintotheoffice,twootherswerekeepingguardatthedoor.5.Theparentsweretalkingwiththeteacher________theboywaswaitingoutsidetheoffice.Whilewhileas/when/whileAs/When/Whilewhen/as

根據(jù)圖畫內(nèi)容，寫出一個句子123WhenLucywasplayingthepiano,Tomknockedatthedoor.LucywasplayingthepianowhenTomknockedatthedoor.

根據(jù)圖畫內(nèi)容，寫出一個句子1232.WhenLucywassweepingtheroom,thetelephonerang.Lucywassweepingtheroomwhenthetelephonerang.

根據(jù)圖畫內(nèi)容，寫出一個句子123WhenLucyandhermotherwalkingalongthethestreet,theyfoundawallet.Lucyandhermotherwalkingalongthethestreetwhentheyfoundawallet.過去完成時形式：用法：過去完成時是用來表示在某一個過去動作之前就已經(jīng)完成了的另一個動作或存在的狀態(tài)。過去完成時常用的時間狀語有bytheendoflastyear;bythetimesb.+動詞過去式;表示過去的時間狀語從句Bytheendoflastterm,wehadlearned5000newwords.2.ThebushadalreadyleftbythetimeIgotthere.3.WhenIwokeup,ithadalreadystoppedraining.4.Shedidn’tgotobeduntilshehadfinishedherwork.haddone過去完成時的用法(一)：敘述過去發(fā)生的事情，在已敘述了過去發(fā)生的事情后，反過來追述或補述以前發(fā)生的動作時，常使用過去完成時。1.Mr.Smithdiedyesterday.Hehadbeenillformonths.2.Ididn’tknowathingabouttheverbs,forIhadnotstudiedmylesson.

即時練：用括號中動詞的正確形式填空Thenewscamenosurprisetous.We____________(know)forsometimethatthefactorywasgoingtoshutdown.2.ImetWangTaointhestreetyesterday.We____________(notsee)eachothersincehewenttoBeijing.3.Theyounggirlsittingnexttomeontheplanewasverynervous.She_____________(neverfly)before.4.WhenIrealizedthatshe____________(guess)mypain,Istartedtocryandtoldherthetruth.5.WhenIarrivedatthestation,he_______(leave).hadknownhadn’tseenhadneverflownhadguessedhadleft過去完成時的用法（二）：在含有定語從句或賓語從句的主從復合句中，如果敘述的是過去的事，先發(fā)生的動作常用過去完成時。1.IreturnedthebookthatIhadborrowed.2.Shefoundthekeythatshehadlost.3.Hesaidthathehadknownherwell.4.Hetoldmethathehadboughtnewcar.過去完成時的用法（三）：動詞want,hope,mean,plan,intend等用過去完成時來表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的想法，希望，打算或意圖等。Theyhadwantedtohelpbutcouldnotgetthereintime.他們本來打算去幫忙，但沒有及時趕到那里。Wehadintendedtocometoseeyou,butIhadtoattendanimportantmeeting.我們本來希望能來看看你,但我得去出席一個重要的會議。即時練：翻譯下列句子我本來希望能夠存更多的錢。(hope)我們本來打算早點出發(fā)。(mean)3.我原以為他知道開會時間。(think)Ihadhopedtosavemoremoney.Wehadmeanttosetoutearly.Ihadthoughtheknewthetimeofthemeeting.過去完成時的用法(四)：表示與過去事實相反的情況從句:If主語+had+done,主句:主語+should/would/could/might+havedoneIfIhadgotthereearlier,Iwouldhavemether.如果我早到那兒，我就會見到她。Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake.如果他聽我的勸告的話，就不會犯這樣的錯誤了。翻譯下列句子：我如果看過這場電影,我會把電影內(nèi)容告訴你了。如果昨天沒有下大雨，我們就去露營了。

IfIhadseenthefilm,Iwouldhavetoldyouaboutit.Ifithadnotrainedheavilyyesterday,wewouldhavegonecamping.過去完成時的用法（四）：過去完成時還可用在hardly…when…,nosooner…than…,Itwasthefirst(second,etc)time(that)…等固定句型中。Hardlyhadhebeguntospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.

2.Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhewentawayagain.3.Itwasthethirdtimethathehadbeenoutofworkthatyear.即時練：翻譯下列句子我剛做完家務他就來找我了。我剛走出飯店就遇見了我的朋友。足球賽剛開始就下起雨來了。1.Ihadhardlyfinishedmyhouseworkwhenhecalledforme.2.HardlyhadIgoneoutofthehotelwhenImetmyfriend.3.Nosoonerhadthefootballgamestartedthanitbegantorain.過去完成時用法（五）He

looked

as

if

he

had

seen

a

ghost.

他那副樣子好像見到鬼了。It

seemed

as

if

he

had

known

the

fact

already.

他好像早已知道這件事了。即時練：他看著我，好像從來不認識我。他的舉動好象他做了一件什么了不起的事似的。He

looked

at

me

as

if

he

had

not

known

me.

He

acted

as

if

he

had

done

something

great.

我的老朋友哈里森在回到英國以前曾多年居住在地中海地區(qū)（theMediterranean）。過去他常幻想退休后到英國，并計劃在鄉(xiāng)間安頓下來。他剛一回到英國便買下了一幢房子住了進去。但緊接著他就開始抱怨那里的天氣了。因為即使那時仍為夏季，但雨總是下個不停，而且常常冷得厲害。在陽光下生活了那么多年的哈里森對此感到驚奇。他的舉動就好像他從未在英國生活過一樣。最后，他再也忍受不住，還沒等安頓下來就賣掉了房子，離開了這個國家。他多年來的幻想從此破滅。哈里森把每件事情都考慮到了，唯獨沒想到天氣。Myoldfriend,Harrison,hadlivedintheMediterraneanformanyyearsbeforehereturnedtoEngland.HehadoftendreamedofretiringinEnglandandhadplannedtosettledowninthecountry.Hehadnosoonerreturnedthanheboughtahouseandwenttolivethere.Almostimmediatelyhebegantocomplainabouttheweather,foreventhoughitwasstillsummer,itrainedcontinuallyanditwasoftenbitterlycold.Aftersomanyyearsofsunshine,Harrisongotashock.HeactedasifhehadneverlivedinEnglandbefore.Intheend,itwasmorethanhecouldbear.Hehadhardlyhadtimetosettledownwhenhesoldthehouseandleftthecountry.Thedreamhehadhadforsomanyyearsendedthere.Harrisonhadthoughtofeverythingexcepttheweather.過去將來時一般過去將來時表示從過去的某一時間來看將來要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。過去將來時常用于賓語從句和間接引語中。一般過去將來時的出發(fā)點是過去，即從過去某一時刻看以后要發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)。過去將來時由would，was/weregoingto，was/wereto，was/wereaboutto等加動詞原形構成。一、"would+動詞原形"表示過去將來時“would+動詞原形”構成過去將來時，常表示根據(jù)計劃或安排即將發(fā)生的事。Hesaidhewouldcometoseeme.他說他要來看我。HetoldmehewouldgotoBeijing.他告訴我他將去北京。二、"was/were+goingto+動詞原形"表示過去將來時“was/were+goingto+動詞原形”也可表示根據(jù)計劃或安排即將發(fā)生的事。Shesaidshewasgoingtostartatonce.她說她將立即出發(fā)。Iwastoldthathewasgoingtoreturnhome.他告訴我他準備要回家。三、某些動詞的過去進行時可表示過去將來時come,go,leave,arrive,start等嚴格按照時間表發(fā)生的表起止的動詞可用過去進行時代替過去將來時。Hesaidthetrainwasleavingatsixthenextmorning.他說火車第二天早晨出發(fā)。Shetoldmeshewascomingtoseeme.她告訴我她要來看我。四、特定場合的一般過去時可表示過去將來時條件狀語從句和時間狀語從句中須用一般過去時代替過去將來時。Ididn'tknowwhenshewouldcome,butwhenshecameIwouldletyouknow.我不知道她什么時候來，但她來了我會告訴你。Ididn'tknowifshewouldcome,butifshecameIwouldletyouknow.我不知道她是否來，但如果她來我會告訴你。謂語動詞時態(tài)正確形式3個提示：如果句子中有明確的時間狀語，謂語動詞的時態(tài)必須與時間狀語保持一致。2.如果句子中沒有明確的時間狀語，謂語動詞的時態(tài)必須與句子中其它謂語動詞的形式保持一致。3.如果句子中沒有其它動詞，謂語動詞的時態(tài)必須與前（后）兩個句子中謂語動詞的時態(tài)保持一致。用括號中動詞的正確形式填空。I__________(have)dinneratarestaurantwhenTonySteelecamein.Tony_______(work)inalawyer’sofficeyearsago,butnowhe_________(work)atabank.He____(get)agoodsalary,buthealwaysborrowsmoneyfromhisfriendsandnever_____(pay)itback.Tonysawmeand______(come)andsatatthesametable.Henever__________________(borrow)moneyfromme.Whilehewaseating,I______(ask)himtolendmetwentypounds.Tomysurprise,he_____(give)methemoneyimmediately.‘Inever_____________(borrow)anymoneyfromyou,’Tonysaid,‘sonowyoucanpayformydinner!’washavingworkedisworkinggetspayscamehasneverborrowedaskedgavehaveneverborrowedI1________(receive)aletterfrommysisteryesterday.ShelivesinNigeria.Inherletter,shesaidthatshe2__________(come)toEnglandnextyear.Ifshecomes,she3_______(get)asurprise.Nowwe4________(live)inabeautifulnewhouseinthecountry.Workonit5_________(begin)beforemysisterleft.Thehouse6____________(complete)fivemonthsago.Inmyletter,I7_____(tell)herthatshecouldstaywithus.Thehouse8______(have)manylargeroomsandthereisalovelygarden.Itisaverymodernhouse,soit9______(look)strangetosomepeople.It10_____(be)theonlymodernhouseinthedistrict.receivedwouldcomewillgetarelivinghadbegunwascompletedtoldhaslooksis被動語態(tài)（系動詞+done）語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式，它表示主語和謂語的關系。語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。如果主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，或者是說動作是由主語完成的，要用主動語態(tài)；如果主語是動作的承受者，或者是說動作不是由主語而是由其他人完成的，則用被動語態(tài)。例如：Thepolicemenarrestedthethiefamomentago.主語/執(zhí)行者賓語/承受者Thethiefwasarrestedbythepolicemenamomentago.主語/承受者被動語態(tài)的應用：講話者不知道動作的執(zhí)行者或不必說出動作的執(zhí)行者(這時可省by短語)。Mybikewasstolenlastnight.Itwassaidthatthelostchildhadbeenfound.2.借助被動的動作突出動作的承受者。Thechildrenaregivenspecialcareeveryevening.Iwasinformedthatmycarhadbeenstolen.Thestudentsareexpectedtogatherattheschoolgateat7o’clocktomorrowmorning.3.為了更好地安排句子。Thewell-knownpersongotonthebusandwasimmediatelyrecognizedbypeople.（一個主語就夠了）1.Youcanseethehouse______foryears.A.isn'tpainted B.hasn'tpaintedC.hasn'tbeenpainted D.hadn'tbeenpainted2.Greatchanges______inthecity,andalotoffactories______.A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetupB.havetakenplace;havebeensetupC.havetakenplace;havesetupD.weretakenplace;weresetup3.Intheroomabovethehall,wherethemeeting______,thestudentsaredecoratingit.A.willbeheldB.washeldC.isheldD.willhold4.Anewcinema____here.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.A.willbebuiltB．isbuiltC．hasbeenbuiltD．isbeingbuiltCBAD被動語態(tài)動詞各種時態(tài)的形式1)一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/