初中英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)下冊(cè) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講與練

ThePresentPerfectTense一現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成:主語(yǔ)+have/has+過去分詞(過去分詞:規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成與動(dòng)詞過去式相同;不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞需要特殊記憶。－略)

[Exercises1]選擇填空()1.IEnghishinthisschoolsince1999(A)taught (B)havetaught(C)tea(D)wouldteach()2.Lileithepenforfiveyears(A)hashad (B)bought (C)havehad(D)havebought()3.Katehergrandmother'sphotobefore(A)haven'tseen (B)haveseen(C)see(D)hasn'tseen()4.Maryyouthesedays.(A)Has,seen(B)Do,see(C)Did,see(D)Is,seeing()5.sofar,wethousandsofBuildinginQuanzhou(A)build(B)havebuild(C)build(D)willbuild二、否定式:主語(yǔ)+haven’t/hasn’t+過去分詞。

疑問式:Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過去分詞?

簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ):Yes,主語(yǔ)+have/has.(肯定)

No,主語(yǔ)+haven’t/hasn’t.(否定)

[Exercises2]選擇填空()1.——Haveyoufinishedyourwork?——.Yes,Ihave.(B)Yes,Ido.(C)Yes,Iam.(D)Yes,Idid.()2.——HassheeverlearnedEnglish?——(A)Yes,shehas.(B)Yes,shedoes.(C)No,shedoesn’t(D)No,shehas()3.Hefinishedhishomework.yet(A)doesn’t (B)haven’t (C)hasn’t(D)doesn’thave三現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義之一表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，常與never/ever，just，already/yet，before。sofar等連用。這些標(biāo)志詞可以表達(dá)這種含義⑴以already,just和yet為標(biāo)志already,just和yet表示到現(xiàn)在為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)、剛剛或還沒有發(fā)生。Hehasalreadygotherhelp.

Hehasjustseenthefilm.

Hehasn’tcomebackyet.。

⑵以ever和never為標(biāo)志

ever和never表示到現(xiàn)在為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)曾經(jīng)或從來沒有發(fā)生過。

ThisisthebestfilmIhaveeverseen.

HehasneverbeentoBeijing.

⑶以動(dòng)作發(fā)生的次數(shù)為標(biāo)志

若某一動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)發(fā)生了若干次,則要使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

HesayshehasbeentotheUSAthreetimes.

⑷以sofar為標(biāo)志

sofar往往表示到目前為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)發(fā)生。

HehasgottoBeijingsofar.Shehaspassedtheexamsofar.⑸never/ever，just，already/yet，before。sofar的用法（略）[Exercises3]選擇填空()1.——Haveyoutravelledonthetrain.——Yes,Ihave.(A)never (B)ever(C)just(D)yet()2.——Haveyoufinishedyourhomework——Not.(A)ever(B)already(C)yet(D)just()3.Wehaven'tfinishedourhomework.(A)already (B)ever (C)yet(D)never()4.——HaveyoulearnedEnglish?——Yes,I'velearnedalot.(A)never,ever (B)ever,never (C)ever,already (D)already.ever()5.——Haveyoufinihedyourhomework?——Yes,I'vedonethat(A)yet,already(B)already,yet(C)ever,never(D)still,just()6.John'sfatherborrowedsomepictures(A)havealready(B)hasjust(C)haveever(D)hasyet四、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)含義之二表示過去已經(jīng)開始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與for,since,howlong,,thesedays等連用。⑴Since+過去點(diǎn)的時(shí)間（since短語(yǔ)或從句表示過去的動(dòng)作延續(xù)至今，since之后的時(shí)間為一點(diǎn)）Mr.Smithhasworkedheresince1984.He’slearnedabout5,000Englishwordssincehewenttocollege.⑵for+一段時(shí)間（數(shù)詞+量詞），（for短語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作延續(xù)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，for的賓語(yǔ)為時(shí)間段）。此劃線部分用howlong提問。Wehaveknowneachotherfortwentyyears.Ihaven’tseenherforalongtime.[Exercises4]A）用since和for填空1)______twoyears 2)_______twoyearsago 3)_______lastmonth4)______1999 5)_______yesterday 6)_______4o’clock7)______4hours 8)_______anhourago 9)_______wewerechildren10)_____lunchtime 11)______shelefthereB）用since和for填空1.HehaslivedinNanjing________theyearbeforelast.2.I’veknownhim__________wewerechildren.3.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_________threeyears.4.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity___________abouttenyears.5.It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.C）選擇填空()1.I'vebeenlikethiseversnice(A)lastweek(B)foraweek(C)aweekbefore(D)thelastweek()2.Mymotherhasworkedinthisfactory2years.(A)about(B)for(C)in(D)since()3.Ihaven'theardfromhimlastweek.(A)since(B)for(C)ago(D)before()4.Hisfatherjoinedtheparty_________(A)forthreeyears(B)sincethreeyearsago(C)threeyearsago(D)intwoyears'time()5.Hemovedherein1999,andhehasbeenhere.(A)atthattime(B)forfiveyearsago(C)sincefouryears(D)forfouryears()6.Tomhasbeenawayfromhomeaboutfivedaysago.(A)\(B)in(C)since(D)for五、句式：主句（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）＋since+從句（一般過去時(shí)）[Exercies5]選擇填空()1.sheEnghishinourschooleversinceshehere.(A)hastaught,come (B)taught,came(C)hastaught,hascome (D)teaches,hascome()2.OurEnghishteacherinourschoolsincehetoChina.(A)e(B)taught,…come(C)hastaught,e(D)teaches,has…come()3.SheinQuanzhousinceshebornin1980(A)haslived,hasbeen(B)haslived,was(C)lived,hasbeen(D)lived,was六、句式：It’s＋一段時(shí)間＋since從句（用一般過去時(shí)）[Exercies6]選擇填空()1.It’stenyearssinceshe.(A)hasleft (B)hasbeenaway(C)left (D)leave()2.It’sthreeyearssincehethearmy.(A)hasjoined(B)hasbeenin(C)join(D)joined七、havebeenin,havebeento與havegoneto的用法⑴have(has)beenin表示“在某地呆多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”，常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如：since,for,howlong等。例如：Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.▲此外還有這些搭配：havebeenhere(there)/athome(school)/onthefarm havebeenhere(there)/abroad⑵have(has)beento表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了?？膳cjust,ever,never等連用， Ihavejustbeentothepostoffice.MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou?▲have(has)beento后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過某地幾次。： IhavebeentoBeijingthreetimes.。Theyhavebeentothatvillageseveraltimes.⑶have(has)goneto意為“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中?？傊?，說話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，一般不用第一、第二人稱代詞作句子的主語(yǔ)。----WhereisTom?----Hehasgonetothebookshop.。JackJohnsonhasgonetoLondon.[Exercises7]A）用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。A:Where____________LiFei___________?B:He____________toHainanA:Howlong___________he___________there?B:He_____________thereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B:I’mafraidhewon’tcomebackrecently.A:CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanB:Sorry,I_________never___________there.A:Howmanytimes___________LiFei__________tothatplace?B:He_____________thereonlyonce.B）用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto的各種形式填空。WhereisJack?He__________hiscountry.David________theparkjustnow.John_______Englandsincehecameback.Howlong_____have_____thisvillage?TheSmiths______Beijingforyears._____youever____America?--Yes,I_____theremanytimes.I_____thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.WhereisJim?He_____thefarm.C）選擇填空()1.Mrswhitesisn'there,sheLondon,shetheremanytimes(A)hasbeento,went(B)hasgoneto,hasbeen(C)wentto,hasgone(D)hasbeento,hasgone()2.Shehas__________toBeijingtwice.(A)gone(B)got(C)been(D)come()3.——whereyourfather,LiLei?——ToBeijing(A)have,been(B)has,been(C)have,gone(D)has,gone()4.MrGreenisn'tintheoffice,Hetothelibrary(A)hasgone(B)went(C)hasbeen(D)willgo()5.MrsmithtoTokyoandhewillbebackinaweek(A)hasbeen(B)hasvisited(C)hassent(D)hasgone()6.They_Chinafortwoyears(A)havebeento(B)havebeenin(c)havegoneto(D)havecometo八、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的反意疑問句【have（n’t）/has（n’t）＋代詞】[Exercises8]選擇填空()1.Jim'sbeentotheGreatwallbefore,?(A)isn't(B)wasn't(C)hasn't(D)doesn't()2.She'sneverbeentoEngland,she?(A)has(B)hasn't(C)isn't(D)is九、Howlong與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)[Exercies9]選擇填空()1.----___haveyoubeenhere?-----Sincelastyear(A)Howfar(B)Howlong(C)Howoften(D)Howsoon()2.___________hasHanmeibeeninthelibrary.(A)Howlong(B)Howsoon(C)Howfar(D)Howoften()3.Howlong___he___thelibrarybook.(A)has,borrow(B)has,kept(C)has,bought(D)did,buy十、短暫性轉(zhuǎn)換延續(xù)性[Exercises10]A）按要求把短暫性轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞①arriveat/insw.getto/e/go/movetosw.→beinsw./atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethereHegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.He__________________________Beijingfor__________________.ImovedtotheUSAlastyear.I__________________________theUSAsince____________________.Iwenthomeyesterday.I________________________homefor___________________.Theycameherelastweek.They__________________heresince___________________.②come/goback,return→beback come/goout→beoutHecameouttwoyearsago.He____________________________for____________________.WereturntoFuzhouyesterday.We_________________________toFuzhousince__________.③become→beIbecameateacherin2000.I__________________ateacherfor__________________.Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver__________________dirtyfor___________________.④close→beclosedopen→beopenTheshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop__________________________for__________________.Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor________________________forsixhours.⑤getup→beupdie→bedead leavesw.→beawayfromsw. fallasleep/gettotsleep→beasleep finish/end→beovermarry→bemarriedIgotuptwohoursago.I________________________since________________.HeleftFuzhoujustnow.He________________________________Fuzhouforfiveminutes.Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpa______________________for_______________.Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeeting____________________forsixhours.Igottosleeptwohoursago.I__________________________since___________________.Theymarriedin1990.They___________________________since_________.⑥start/begintodosth.→dosth. begin→beonIbegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.I________atthisschoolsince____.Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm____________for________.⑦borrow→keep lose→nothave buy→have puton→wear catch/getacold→haveacold gettoknow→knowTheyborroweditlastweek.They__________________itsince____________________.Iboughtapentwohoursago.I__________________apenfor__________________.Igottoknowhimlastyear.I___________________himsince____________________.Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.I____________________myglassesfor__________________.⑧have/hasgoneto→havebeeninHehasgonetoBeijing.He_____________Beijingfortwodays.⑨jointheleague/theParty/thearmy →bealeague/aPartymember/asoldier→beamemberoftheleague/theParty→beintheleague/theParty/thearmyHejoinedtheleaguein2002.He_________________a__________________fortwoyears.He__________________a_____________________the__________fortwoyears.He__________________________________theleaguefortwoyears.Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Mybrother____________________a___________for______________________.Mybrother______________________in_______________________fortwoyears.B）漢譯英1）這本字典我已買了三年了。2）他離開中國(guó)三年了。3）我認(rèn)識(shí)他們五年了。4）他們已去了美國(guó)五年了。5）自從他搬到福州，他就住這兒了。6）他們已經(jīng)結(jié)婚10年。7）我妹妹成為一個(gè)大學(xué)生已經(jīng)三年。8）這會(huì)已開了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了？9）這門已經(jīng)關(guān)了兩天了。10）我入團(tuán)2年了。 I________________________________twoyearsago. I_____________________a______________________fortwoyears. I_____________________a___________of___________________fortwoyears. I_________________________________the__________fortwoyears.11）自從1999年以來他們就認(rèn)識(shí)。12）我來到農(nóng)場(chǎng)已5年了。C）選擇填空()1.——HowlongcanIthisbook?——Twoweeks(A)borrow(B)keep(C)lend(D)return()2.Herfatherin1990andherhusbandformorethanfiveyears(A)died,dead(B)hasdied,dead(C)died,hasbeendead(D)hasdied,hasdied()3.Ihavethisnicewatchfortwoyears(A)had(B)bought(C)borrowed(D)lend()4.Hehishomefortenyears(A)hasleft(B)leftfrom(C)hasbeenawayfrom(D)wasawayfrom()5.Healeaguemenberforthreeyears(A)is(B)hasbeen(C)hasbecome(D)havebecome()6.Lihua'sbrother